Cheraw gazette and Pee Dee farmer. [volume] (Cheraw S.C.) 1838-1839, June 17, 1839, Image 1
CHERAW GAZETTE
A N D * ' ^V FEE
DEE FARMER.- - *
VOLUME IV. "" CIIEltAW. SOUTH-CAROLINA, MONDAY EVENING. JUNE 17. Ia3!>. " NUMBER^XXXt*"
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR.
T E fl M S:
If paid vVithin three months, - - 3 00
It f??t<l Within three mouths alter the close
of tho year, . 3 50
If paid within twelve months after the
oloso of the year, 4 00
Tfrtit [faid-Within that time, . .5 00
. A Company of ten persons taking the paper at
<Ue same Post OtSce, shall be entitled to it at $25
provided the names be forwarded together, and
accompanied by the money.
No paper to be discontinued but at the option
oftho editor till arrearages arc paid.
. Advertisements not exceeding sixteen lines,
inserted* for one dollar the lirst time, and
fifty cents, each subsequent insertion
Persons sending in advertisements are request.
Cc. ?o specify the number of times they are to be
iuse ted; otherwise they will be coutinuedU1L
ordered out, and charged accordingly. ;
" all
" tnri ho l'oslu^o uiust uo uu i*i4 wtuiuu*
ni cations.
To the Readers of the American
Farmer. j
Many years since, the undersigned established
t' e old American Farmer. Without waiting for
a single subscriber it was thrown before the public,
i n the confidence that the greatest interest
of the couutry needed and would give support to
a journal honestly devoted to its benefit. That
confidence was fu'ly justified by the result. The
piper soon obtained a wido circulation, and becam
j the vehicle for disseminating the discover,
ies of scientific research, and the rosults of practical
experience. Men of the most careful ob.
ervalion and the highest order of talents, made
it the medium for communicating their knowlege
on every branch of agriculture and rural economy.
No periodical that ever was published, could
shew among its contributors a more honorable
array of names illustrious for every thing that
can confer enviable distinction.
Practical Agriculture, therefore too much re- j
girJed as an unintellcciual if not vulgar employ, f
- L .L- I 1 I
meat, soon tooh itsjusi raas at iuu ucau u> uuu. ,
orablepuisuits. A thirst fordessertations on its I
various branches was quickly engendered, and I
success in any one of them was estoemcd a high
honor. Even the gallant Chauncoy was made
Preeident of an Agricultural Society, and was
proud to come in for the premium for thescro/itf
best sow!
To gratify tho appetite for agricultural read ing,
which increased by what it led upon, other
and more able periodicals sprung up and grew
apace in various parts of the country, until at
present they^are to be found pouring light and
ftnowiedgeKand leading to practical improvements,
in every state in the Union. Many of
them are Conducted with an industry that never
tiros, and with consummate ability, and at a price
to excite wonder how they can live." Under
these circumstances .he reader will naturally inquire,
what motive could lead me to resume the
conduct of tho American Farmer, lately in such
competent and able hands? The answer is a
plain one, and the only difficulty in giving it is
to obviate tho appearance of egotism and obtiuding
private ceacerns and views oa the public
ear.
i\.. *h-? (!?( T,m? T s'? ill be relieved bv the |
LI W**w 441 OV VI vwuv A w
pleasure of the President, of an important public
trust, confided to me it may be, longer than may
have comported with my deserts, but surrendered,
thank God, without any charge against my honour
or punctuality. The want of employment
is of all things the most irksome, not to say
dangerous ; it being said that an idle man's head
is tho Devil's work-shop. Something mast be
done, therefore, as well from necessity as ci.oicc,
and whether under adverse or prosperous fortune, 1
no employment of the mind is so congenial to j
mine, as when it is engaged in cnterpris s a id
studios of general utility, embracing the interests
and promoting the happiness of ail classes?
and especially as those enterprises and pursuits
may bo connected with Agriculture, and the sciences
and internal improve i cuts which may be
made accessary to the dignity an profit of that
pre-eminent calling: anJ hcncc my renewed
connection with the American Farmer, and Spirit
of the Agricultural Journals of the day.
Mr. Roberts, who i3 one of the best men and
bc3t writers of his day, has been, more for amusement
than profit, for some years past conducting
this paper, llo has become engaged in pursuits
which will bo equally useful, and it may be hoped,
for his own good sake, more profitable. The
printer and proprietor,?Mr. Sands.?finding me
laying on my oars, has applied to me to take the
work in hand, and as it will bring with it Mr.
Roberts' good will, I have consented to do it,
pour passer le temps, and for the love of tho
thing ! It is with better grace, therefore, that
I can solicit the patronage of my friends and the
public, for it will be bestowed not on me, but on
a worthier, man and a cause, which is the cause
of the country.
I have recommended the proprietor to enlarge
the paper, ar.d to give it somewhat more the an. I
- 1 II 1
pearancc and character 01 a nuscviiaui-vuf, u.?u
news-paper, without abridging the agricultural
^ matter. Under my advico and management it
will be dedicated most especially to the dissemination
of information on Agriculture generally?
and especiallj on the branches?Silk, the culture
of the Beet, with a view t j the manufacture of
sugar, and of the Vine for the sake of the grape
and wine. I shall also take measures that it contain
the best information at home and from
abro id, as to the prices of cotton and tobacco,
and statistics of the trade in these commodities.
All improvements in Agricultural Implements,
and in the breed and rearing of Domestic Animals,
will have their full <hare of attention.?
Whon these subjects have been taken care of,
thoslato and progress of our Internal Improve,
monts will bo noticed, and essays on the general
principles of Political Economy will be admitted
?but party politics, in which all distinguishing
and fundamental principles have boon too much
lost sight of, will becarofully eschewed.
One thing of real utility may be promised to
every patron of the American Farmer?a real
bona fide, not a stereotype, price current of the
principal commodities which farmers and plantors
have to buy and sol!, though this is adosider.
atuin already supplied, on a scale much more ex.
tensive than we can or should think it necessary
ito do it, by our worthy f iond Lyford, whose in.
dofatigablo industry in that line ought to bo sup.
ported by all farmers as well as merchants.
J. S. SKINNER.
ET"The American Farmer, and Spirit of the
Agricultural Journals of the day, will be pub.
1,eh<vt flvorii ,? at oer annum il
ft paid ia advance, or $3* if not paid within sia
months, which will be strictly enforced?or 81(
in advance for five subscribers. Fublicatior
H office, North st. opposite the Franklin Bank
^ft O"Postmasters are requested to act as agents.?
Letters on business of the office, to be address^
to S. Sands, publisher
Agricultural Agency.
J. S. Skinner, late Postmaster of Baltimore,
and now again Editor of the American Farmer,
and his sou T. B. Skinner, offer their services to
the Agricultural community, as Agents for the
sale or purchase of Real Estate, Domestic Aniinals
of improved breeds, Garden and Field Seeds,
and Seed grain of the best kinds and quality?
Agricultural Implements, Fruit Trees, and Mo.
rus Muhiciulis Trees?Silk-worm Eggs, Machinery,
and all things connected with tlie Silk
Culture.
They will use their anxious endeavours to tho
end that those who employ them shall not be i:n.
posed on by spurious or ill made animals, seed
grain, trees, machinery or implements. A moderetc
commission will be charged. All letters
addressed, post paid, to either of the subscribers
will be attended to, and answered with promptj
nessand punctuality.
! J. S. SKINNER, ? ?
x. B. SKIN Vi:R <,
From the Farmer's Register.
Cjlutbia, Man h 20, 1939.
The Twn, ca Okra Cotton.?I have
a new species of coiton, of which I will
' some day try and give you an accoun:. I j
j know too linleto venture to give any thing :
lor the public; bull will give you u very
s.'iort account of what I Jo know.
A Mr. Terry, of Autauga county, Ala.,
burna.some years ago, bought some Peti(Julf
seed. A sin Je sialic was observed
in afield, without limbs, anJ having great
numbers of bolls adhering immedaey to
th" stalk, or in clusters on very sho t limbs.
The cotton had all been picked out, except j
a single lock wi.h nine seeds. From these j
seeds the variety has been propagated.? i
I he seed sold in 1337, at 50 cents a piece, j
Last fa!! I bought at $160 a bushel. Tne |
cotton examined by me exhibited a distinct;
variety. It had rarely any limbs longer i
than one joint, sometimes two ; tf?e bolls
were two, three, and as much as seven in j
a cluster. I had one limb about four inches !
long, with seven good bolls opened on it.? j
The stems of all of the bolls shooting from i
one place, at the top of the short limb. The (
cotton was exceedingly fine, being, 1 think,!
two to four cents a pound better; being in .
color and staple the finest and softest shoit i
staple I have ever seen. It opens earlier. \
<rt. n I I f 1 .U.. on.k 1
l lie neiu i examined w?a (iiciiiiuu ;u- ?.um <
April. .A very .nielligent gentleman, living i
in the neighborhood, told mo he planted !
similar land on the 1st April, and ihar the I
new cotton was open two weeks earlier ;Iun j
hs. It grows in good land qu:*e tall say]
six or eigt feet; and in this, I fear, will be !
tiie grnatest objection to it, as it may fall j
when heavily Printed towards the top; bu: j
perhaps tins may be avoided by topping, i
Its advantage to an Alabama pl.n tor, if ii t
succeeds in rich prar'e lands, will be its car- >
ly opening by which the worm will be avoi- j
ded, a terrible enemy, which has eaten up j
full one-third of my crops lor five years.?
The appearance of the stalk is nure like
ukra than any oilier?the leaf being a colon
leaf. Il the 1 humbug"succeeds I val- I
ue it more than multicaulis, arid will give j
you an account at some day. In the mean .
time, I remain, verv truly,
Yours, ' F. II. ELMORE, j
Greexe, (Ala.) Ap 1 11,1S39. j
Though Virginia is a cotion growing ;
state, and you consequently cannot led the j
same immediate interest in our southern
staple, that you do in many other produc- I
lions cftl.e soil better suited to your climate,
still, from the position you occupy before :
the agricultural public, and the interest you
naturally le i in all things connected with
the subjec t of agriculture, I flatter myself,
a few sci d> of a variety of cotton recently
brought into notice, which I take the liberty
of forwarding you, will^ot prove unacceptable.
It is styled, "twin" or "Aldrige" cotton
taking its first appellation from the pccu
liarhianner in which the branches or.ginale
from the stalk, I think, (for I have never
seen it growing;) its second from the name :
of the gentleman who brought it before the
public. Whence or how it originated,
seems to boa mutter cfdoubt. Some say
that it accidentally, as it were, sprung up in
a cotton field of Mr. Al Jridge, the s-ed of I
which he carefully preserve-?others that
it was brought from Louisiana?Ate. &e.
All this is conjectural, and though evincing
a pardonable curiosity, has but little to do
with the intrinsic advantages of the article.
Yet these have not been so fairly tested, as
positively to be determined. Those o'hpned
ior it, however, are i:s being better ao** to
s:and the effects of drought, not casting the
squares however severe this may he ; and
fiom the ex retne shortness ot its branches,
it will bear much closer planting ; which,
connected with the fiuitlulness of each individual
p ant, render it a much more prolific
variety than otheis. It is not contended,
that the staple is of a very superior
qualtity. 'Tis said to grow with great rapidity.
From its re -eat origin, small beginning,
and the price of the seed .fifty cents a
piece, on'y, ns culti ation has been quite limited
; and urther experience is required to
decide its late. Whether it will eventually
prove, that it has been brought into no ice,
as the price would seem to indicate, for tie
purposes of speed tt on, like many other articL-s,
wi.l ere long be determined. Yet, it
is a s.ngular variety, and I wish I could send
you iiu m of the seed, that you might give
1 it a mure ex ended test in Virginia ; but 1
P spare you more than half of a small parce!
i which a friend has just given me. Then
) s no peculiarity attending its cultivation ;
i and your climate, no doubt, is sufficient!)
favorable to promise success to your cxpt-r
J iment?or, if it fail, it will be so' limited ai
not to create nny very serious shor.k
The two foregoing extracts from private
j letters, seem to refer 10 the same new variety
of cotton ; and as each correspondent
enclosed a few of the seeds, we shall be en ab
ed to rear and compare the plan s. D emj
mg the information as noi only curious anJ
! interesting, but us promising much value to
the agricultural interests of the iOJ h, we
wrote immedia e!y to ask leave of the first
! correspondent to publish his preliminary
| statement, in advance of the more full fu ure
j information ho had promised. This he '
! kindly accorded, and therefore we are aui
thorized to give, what is always sodeiira.
i hie, the writer's signature to his statement ,
lime did not permit a like application to the
; other and more remo e correspondent ; or
j cave would also have been asked of liimto i,
I r\nkl!tlt H'knt kn ?\*-v vtnuttnla r, ^ J
j fusion ?M?ut uw UUOI^IJUU tv uo , a.#i? . i
j therefore, in titkijjgthe lbc$ly, tiip-aauoe of'
I the correspondent is withheld. The higii (
I authority which we attach to ihe opinions of (
j both of these gentlemen, offers to us a much ,
| better assurance of the superior value ef this j
! new kind of cotton, than tlieenormous price J
; of'its seed. Still, it would seem, there is .
! no mode so effectually to introduce a new j
thing, whether it be of most valuable kind, or I
the most palpable humbug and cheat, as to i
ask for it a price of the most unheard of en- !?
ormity. If, according to the here ofore lib- j v
eral and universal procedure of southern i c
agricultuns s, the first holders of this variety e
of cotton, fiud olfered to give away, seeds, k
or to sell them at merely a full remunerating
price, few persons would have cart-d to plant fi
them. But h> pursuing the contrary course, c
and asking 50 cents a seed, the anxiety to a
obtain them has probably been increased in a
the ratio of the advance of price. All this! ft
is well, if confined to real improvements;] ii
and if such cannot be introduced by opera- si
ting by means of reason and sound precept, si
it is certainly desirable that it should be e
done b} operating on the credulity ar.d folly r<
of the recipients. But, unfortunately, it w
has come to be considered that the high a
price asked for new seeds, &c., is alone j n
sufficient evidence of their intrinsic value ;: t;
and hence dupes are continually niado by j
the vilest and grossest impositions that can ! c]
be imagined. Thus Grant Thorburn's i a
44 Chinese corn,'' at 25 cents, and latterly !
81 the ear, has been sold usreaddy as is its ; C(
alleged superior qualities were supported by \ a
the most indisputable evidence, instead of tJ
by none whatever, except the price. j.,
But let us not quarrel with the workings
of folly, if they lead to wise and profitable a
results ; and we may bear even tin dupes
should be made, (us they prefer this mode
of instruction.) by the sellers of Chinese tj
corn and multicauiis seed, in consideration lf.
that the same k nd of folly will introduce ,
and establish the culture of the Rohan po- u
tatoe, (recently selling at 25 cents the pound,) '
the okra cotton, (if it should be what it is '
supposed.) the inorus multicauiis, and what j
will be of incalculable value and importance .
o the country, the great industry of the
s Ik culture. For our countrymen closed n
ilieir ears to all iko arguments in favor of P
entering upon this culture, until the plants ! **
to feed on rose to three cents the bud ; and j
now, thousands are about to feed worms,
induced at lirsi solely by the high price o:
the inorus multicauiis; and we entertain
no doubt that tins inos, valuable culture will ?
now be sn.ed.lv and surely established.? II
ED. F. R. l
u
t<
AGRICULTURAL CONVENTION. f,
At a meeting of ihc Monticello Planters
Society held 4th May last, the following
Resolutions were passed. t!
i Rpsr>fvr?d. That be in? an association of c
planters, organized with the view of pro- n
moting the great interests of agriculture, we v
should use all fair and honorable means to i
attain so desirable an object , and the sng- r
gestion therefore of the lYe Dee Agricultur- v
a! Society recommending a Convention of c
planters, from all parts of the State, to assemble
at Columbia in Novemoer, next, (
during the first week ol the next Session t
meets cur warm approbation. t
2. Resolved, That our con'inued efFort to t
procure,State legislation, in favor of ag;L (
culture, having proved unsuccessful, we yet
expect such final legislative action as will
contribute to the honor and well being of
ev?*ry class ot our f?tiowcitizens, and to accomplish
this purpose, much might be done
by aid of Conventions, where public opinion
would boconcen raieu and properly di. 1
rected.
3. Resolved,That the Committee cons i- 1
tuted in March lust, io re-pen ion the Leg- '
islatuie, and for that and > her pur >oses, be
] hereby appointed delegates to represent and
J tins Society in said Convention, and that are |
j t ey be empowered to do all such acts in
| improving and energizing every branch of
j husbandry as in their judgement may be ncI
cessary and proper.
On ?no ion of William J. A'ston, Esq. ,
the third resolution was amended, so as to
authorize the President to nominate a subcommittee
who will suggest to tli smre i ig
the names of seven otiier del-gates to be ap
pointed in aJJition to those embraced in
mat resolution. Tne vote being taken on
the resolutions, as amended, they w- rc un.
animously adopted ; and Chancellor Harper,
Win. J. Alston, Jno. H. Means, Win. K. |
i Davies, G o. Lighter, Burrol B. Cook, j
T.iomas Lyles, Jr., Rev. Win. Homes,'
I John M. Robertson, and David Elkii I, were |
! appointed the delegates -o ret>n sunt this So- (
; i ctety m said Convention,
f j The following resolu ion was then intro-1
. I iluced ; and on motion, adopted by the So-1
5! ciety.
Resolved, That the delegates of t*vs as
bmmb - nr pacaaan?a??a?
sseiatibn to the Convention, to be held a
Columoia in November next, be requirei
iu ihe mean time to accumulate all the fact*
relative to the growing crops of the district
und such other agricultural statistics us m
be connected therewith : and that the iSec.
rotary be directed to urge the sirne on the
delegates of other districts to be represented
in satd Convention.
JAMES ALSTON, President pro.
B. P. Davis, Roc. Sec'ry.
t
throat disease.
Tiie fob owing article respecting a rem.
eJy tor u disease which has become quite
prevalent in this country, will be read vvidi
in to res', it came under our notice yesicrJcy,
iu the Nashville Whig, the editor ol
tviiicn journal says, iu republishing it, 44 The
remedy and accompanying rem rks of Dr.
Jouper, we are assured by one of our most
Jlperinced physicians, are worthy of atten
ion, end, in his opinion, of the u mo Iconr;d
nje.. The disease is somewhat sicniiar
n its effects on the system 10 consumption,
nid, if not properly treated, quite us fatal
n its result.?Bait. Amsr.
t> t. 'I.*- tir .1
\,nru:uc jjrunciiucs.?- ?v e euuc ivc me
innczed remarks ot Dr. Coopt r, o.' sufficient
veight to recommend to the consideration
if tuose who labor under tins d.reful disuse.
They are taken from the New York
Commercial Advertiser :?
The lute lamented death of Dr. Rush,
lorn that form of consumption known us
ironic bronchitis, painfully renindsmeol
duty the subscriber owes to his profession,
nd to society, of making known a simple
arm of treatment that has never (ailed him
i cur.ng tins form of consunip ion, so deductive
to the clerical and h.er-iry prolesions.
This treatment is of nearly equal I
ffi. ac) in catuihal phthisis, and is a va'uable !
imedy for cousump.ion in al its forms,
'hen in its chronic stages, and free from j
ny inflammatory symptoms. This treatlent
is based 0:1 the pathology of eonsump- !
on, as the generic name (or disease.
Utidtr the name of consumption ore inluded
ihat variety of diseases of the lungs
trended with expectoration of purulent mat?r
from the breathing surface of the lungs,
onnccied with naciation, he. tc fever,
nd its concomitants, nigh; sweat collquave
diarhacd, &c. All the forms of con- J
j 111 ption act on the general health from i
ne common cause?the presence of matter
ciuiii upon aba. rbing surfaces, aud thus
ro lucing those symp oms known as liect c
:v? r. It is the presence and violence 01
lis symptom of consumption that pros
at^s tne patien , until it more or leas eud>
i death. It is tne consequence of thi>
ectic fever, and not the immediate diseasf
the lungs causing it, that forms the sourc* ,
1 fatality Irom cousumpton.
The treatment I now with reluctant diffi
ence submit, I have successfully used for
lore than twelve years, and during tha.
erioi of medical practice I am not awar<
f having lost more than four or five paen
is, from all the various forms of con.
amotion, aud these were mostly passed to
iat stage of disease where the structure o.
ie lungs hud become so extensively d sea
i d, as 10 preclude the use of more tlian pal
tiive treatment. Cases of chronic bronchi
s were in every instance cu-ed by it, evei.
dien the purulent e.pectoratton amounted
3 pints daily, with ilie hec tic fever, diarr
aaei, cold sweats, and en..re physicial pros
ration.
The treatment is the adiriaistraion ol
he sulphate of copper in nauseating doses,
ombmed with gum amoniac. given so as to
lauscatc, but not ordinarily to produce fu;
onuting. The usual dose for tins purpos
s about half a grain, and five grains of the
espcc ive ingredients, in a tcaspoonful o:
vater?;o be taken ailirs: twice, and in the
:onvalescent s'agesoncc a day.
In cases of chronic bronchitis a garg'e
>f the sulphite of copper alone is superuuled.
In tliis latter form of consumption
his treatment almost invariably suspend?
he hectic symptoms in 11 few days, and th
hscase rapidly advances to its final cure.
In cases of the more proper foi ms of con
;u np'ion the treatment must be intermitted
Yequen'ly, and again returned to ; and
whenever soreness of the chest, or other
ymptoms of inflammatory ac ioa the
:reatment should be suspended?a - i is in
lie chronic state alone that the re nedy is
indicated or useful?that sta c in which the
condition of the gefv-al sv-tem, assympa.
I e teal y invo v? d, bt omes the general m ? e
r -m n -u; symptom ; and the success of the
treatm>'n depen is chiefly 0:1 the br^nkini:
up of tli s symphathetic action of the diseased
lung on the more healthy tone ol the
stomach, and increasing its digestive powers,
and likewise, causing, during nausea
ting action, a more active and healthy cir.
culation of blood through die lungs. Iti
curative powers arc more immediately at
'ributnble to these effects of its action. Du
t icory apart, th? t .unenl is presented baset
on more than t? n years* experience of it
curative advantages, in the proper treat men
ofm tcopurulent and purulent expectoration
H lvirr* left .1 nrofessiou tliat more ncarl
? & " I .
than any o her approaches the pure du ie
of hurnaniiy* but which h'S nearly cease
in this country to be honorable or profi a
hie, I have lit lo motive in expos 112 myse
to that certain ridicule that fol.ows the ar
nuncia ion that consumption may becurec
but the assurance of practical experienci
end the desire of making public a mear
I of saving life in one ofits most frequent an
m. r
ti MULTIPLYING SWARMS OP BEES.
| All who have read the Georgics of Vir.
1 gil, will reco.lect il e story which the old poet
' relates, of mauuficiuruig swarms of hees
by beating a heif rtodeath, and leaving her
carcase to bree J bees. This mode will do
' much better in poetic theory than in sober
practice. By studying nature, and fo.low.
ing or applying the laws which arc unfolded
to us by careful reseaich, many th ngs can
be accomplished which were beibro considered
among the impossibilities. Th s is
proved by the researches ot Mr. Weeks, of
Salisbury, Vermont, into the natural h'story
i of bees, lie has become so fumdtiar with
their manners and cus oins, that he thinks
nothing of taking a few spare ones from
any hive, shutting them up by themselves,
and alter comp iling them to raise to them
selves a queen, sets them to rhising up a
swarm of their own. At first we were n
little inclined to doubt this ; but af.er read.ng
Ins treatise, which is full of practical in !
I . i . ?
strucuon in me ousiness, ana rnving some
correspondence with him, we have come
to the conclusion that it must be so.
The following extract from a letter re.
j ceived from him, duied March 25m, will be
I interesting. 10 our readers;
j "I am indebted to a gentleman who had
' travelled in Italy, for my tirst thoughts of
I compelling bees (o make queans. 1 devised
J means instan ly to try the experiment, and
: succceeded. i tried again and ag tin, and
in various ways and under various circum
stances, and never faded in u single instance.
I have had them robbed, but never ui.tii
afier the young queen had made herescapt
from the cell wheteshe was raised. Tnai
ilie birth of the queen is hastened so that
she hatches s< vera! days sooner man her
sisters, (Larvae) there can b no doub\?
The fact is obvious ,o every close observer.
Now whether it is tne difference in food, or
change of position, from a horizon a! to a
perpendicular one, vv Inch changes her ua
ture to u que?*n, is more thau 1 can tell.?
But one tnmg is certain : then nature mus
be changed, it chaugeJ at all, before the\
h;ivp obtained t/iHir retire irma/Ht. fnr ; 1 I
| clirysales, wuh wh.? li 1 have any know
i edge, become perfect?entire?uefore th? v
! reach this p. nod 01 their existence. Il l
| am no. ims ukeii, ail imturalis.s agree to tlifollowing
fact, wmcli is lb s : The pecutio
jog which cons.i.ut''s a male or female in
die ifisect tribe, is produced while in the
larvae shitenot b_> design, however, 1:1
many, asm the honey ben tribe."
* * * *
In regard to the multiplication of swarms,
lie observes
"'I h bees may bo increased to any extent
w thout swarming, there is not a doubt
i Compelling tne bees to make extra queens
is the foundation of the whole business.?
And this may bo done i.i a y country fa.
vorablo to the raising of bees.
"Tne most northern latitudes are not uj
fivorablo to mere se colonies of bees vvi h
ut swarming, as in a more mild china e,
and where me seasons are longer. I hav
tried th;s experiment several tunes, am)
have not yet laded. I have ivided th-m
n J received a swarm from one of tne d
V-Sions the same season. I have irausf .
ied and divided n the sunn season win.
perfect success, and thus far 1 have n<>
a.led in a single trial, when the expert n< n
was ma le in accordance nth the rules s>e
icrtnin my manual. Bees may be lucre-is
o any extent wubout swai m n^, wh re h
se 'Sous are favorable to tea objec.. i
mis latitude the so.i-o is arc too short t
maLe very rapid advances.
"Arnficial heat is not as favorable to the
recdmg of the bees, nor to their health and
lives, as natural heat. I have set them to
breeding in January, bu: 1 lound that the
neat produced by the fire, though rnodera.e,
in the course ot two weeks caused deaili in
many oi the oid bees, and a Ciili destro\ed J
.ie arvoc, and 1 was compelled to reimquis ? |
the w.mer enterprise, a* unprofi able busi
ness. I am inclined to tmnk that a room
m.iy be so constructed and so warmed by
he. > ted air, tout swarms may be tbi warden
.11 h spring io go*; t advantage."
We trust that Mr. W^eks vvill pardon the
.iaerty we bare taken, in publis iing so much
of a private letter; but tne information is
so n ivel and interesting, that we deemed
it a duty to lay i; belbre our readers.?
Maine Firmer.
From the Cultivator.
t EXPERIMENTS WITH LEACHED ASHES.
East'IJariford, Conn. Feb 1839.
Fri nJ Buel?\s your niot'o is for the
"improvement of tho soil and die mind,"
ermit mc through the medium of your
widely circulated an i valuable journal, to
give publicity to a discovery in the prepnration
ofleachfd ashes, or soap boiler's
waste, so as to make them equally valuable,
and pernaps more so, to the farmers of our
i vast interior, as to the cul.ivavatois on
s Long-Island, where they are bought up at
i an expense ol 35 o od cents a bushel, and
' i considered a profitable investment at that.
- ? nnnitnllu in
The vast quaiiiinws ^ ,u?nfc Uw..uu.v ....?
y country, (where they are considered of litis
|y value, and ofnone on clayey land,) and
d shipped to Long-Island, induced me tc
- think that the saline matter in the soil anc
If atmosphere, was more the cause of theii
i- wonderful effect upon vegetation, than anj
1. inherent quality in it. To give theory th<
teat of experience, I mixed ashes with com
i* mon salt, but the salt was too coarse an<
id too long in disolving to combine chemically
V ' --the ncy ".vjf to sow thc?i!t p.nd 9shc
afterwards : th sdid bettr; my next to wet
t e dry unleached ashes with a strong brine,
and after standing a sufficient urn.- to spread
readily with a shove), applied them as a top
dressing to turnips and potatoes. * In this
last experiment the success met my highest
expectations; the potato crop was quad*
rupled.and the difference in the turnip yield
stiii greater ; but the soil as in the applies*
tion of all high stimulants, should have
moderate dressing of some kind of manure,
and it will be found in excellent order for
grass or grain afterwards.
It may be observed of crops manured
and drrsscd in this manner, that the leaves
"ppear of a bright pea top-^-whilst the tuber
of the poiato, and the bulb of the lum p,
showed the wiiole stren th of the plunf to
have centered there. To carry the una*
logy still further, 1 have given the land a
libera! dressing of plaster after the ashes so
prepared, but not the least benefit to the
crop could be perceived, any more than if it
had been used within a mile of the oceau
?of course it was labor lost.
The object of this communication, Mr.
Editor, h not for the.pnrpose of telling what
I have done, or what I can do, to eorich
and beautify this footstool of the Almighty,
or ( am but one amongst millions, and tke
least in ten thousand ; but to draw the attention
of my brother farmers of our vast and
limitless intoiior to the preparation ind use
of an article hitherto considered ? drag and
a nuisance.
It is very desirable that some enterprising
farmers of each county in the western
part of yours, and of other states, where
leached ashes are in abundance and useless*
to try the experiment of wetting theni when
dry, wi:h strong brine, no matter bow old
or stale, (if the price ol salt is oo high,)
and communicate the result in the Cultivator.
The lands found best adapted to this
k nd of manure on Long island, are the
(>oorer description of sandy aud gravelly
>oil, and this agrees perfectly with my short
xpr reuce here ; so far then, naiuro is true
to her own laws, and no doubt every farmer
in our wonderfully active climate and productive
soil, <vill find the same striking ana.
Oiiv verified by experience. The season
s approaching for tiie proper time of trial
?let it be upon corn, potatoes grass, upon
spungy, wet land, or newly stocked down,
urnips and wheal in autumn, and should it
c )me up to the writer's expectations, I shall
t ank my past life not wholly-spent in vain,
Yn. IPS rpcrvoftfiillv.
WV4??# J J
DANIEL feASTON.
fcEMARKS
Tl.e exp ri nenra detailed in the above
cornmumoa: o i ore worthy the attention of
h ta?m?r and tie rhemist. Two facts
ha 1 ig been known, the causes of which
.v % . ever SO "8 ti factory explained.
O.r 0? lit'se fa<*:s is, that leached ashes are
loan to operate as b< o ficiully upon Long.
Isla <d land*, as urlenC ?ed ashes, or more
so?leaving it to be marred, that it was not
he potash which the ashes contained that
induced fertility. Tl.e other fact is, that
leached ashes operate more surely and bene,
finally w.min tne influence of the marine
atmosph -re, than they do m the initTior or
?thus inducing the belief, to adopt the
age of our corre ponden', jImi h v s\- matter
in lie soil and atinosp i.e/v, vnw
more tne cause of their wond< rod e tl c
upon vegetation, than any 'nAirfn/quuhiyT'
which they posses. Tne expert men s of
vlr. Eistou go to w i riant hs co ml us ion-.
Hut how tney exert his agency* is a que*,
t on worth investigating ; and we commend
t >e matter to the nouce of some of oat
cuemicul correspondents.?CoiuL
CULTIVATION?CUB loUS FACTS.
[From the Genesaee Farmer ]
T e ii.s ory of sum - ot our commons*
igricu t.n al pro ltic s, furnishes a useful i* sson
r?-s eciiug trie b?tficie| iff- n careful
culivation Th tiusbao .n ? ? 1
read, in the case o: the pot.?to p : .
not merely tne fffc tspro iuc-.t a
in tne introduction ol u-m. p?m.
vas improvements resulting no ,
uliu e
i'ue speech of Col. Knapp, in neliv
the pre lums awarded by the Aineri<'??; i .
stitute to individuals residing in N? w>?rn
embraced many curious facts, wtuefi wi.i
probably be read with profit by intelligent
t inners. We auote a few oaruvrauhs.
_ -i r
1 Every thing in this country, (said he,)
uas been Drought Toward by protection. In
this bleak clime, but few of the sustaining
Iruits of the earth were here indigenous* or
in a perfect state Even the Indian corn
so often cons dered as native here, was with
difS *ulty acclimated. It was brought from
the South, and by degrees was coaxed to
ripen in a northern latitude. The aborigines
who cultivated it, taught the pilgrims
how to raise it; they plucked the earliest
ears with the husk and braided several of
them together, for the next year's seed, and
their care was rcwurded by an earlier and
sure crop.
*' Ttic pumpkin brought from Spuo, was
fiibt pi n < d in Rowley, Massachusetts, and
it was sev ral years before they came tot
hard, knotry shell, which marks the true
11 yanke** pumpkin such as are seleted for the
golden pies of their glorious thanksgiving
I festival.
> 44 Our wheat was with difficulty accliin**,
I ted.?That brought from the mother counr
try had grown from spriog to &U, bat the
f season was not long enough hero to ensure
J a crop ; it was then sown iu the fufl, grew
under ihc snows in ^iater and catching tho
i warrnestgrowtb of spring, yielded us ia;1
crcassbymid.suminer.
s " Asparagus, ?vMnh is r.?,s; the delighf of