Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Rave been used instead of the word "simi n lar." It seemed probable that they bad o reference to the ordinary post coach transportation in the same section of country, ti and to the points of similarity between that ii and railroad transportation, intending the additional 25 per cent, as compensation for t tho increased speed. This construction f would have given the rail road companies J as liberal a compensation as they had a right to except, inasmuch as it wouli have i materially increased the eost of mail trans- '< portation, while in respect to passengers, 1 produce nd merchandise, the cost is every f cheanened by them. I But upon a careful consideration of tha 1 v words of t!ie law, in connection with the mail service existing at trie time 01 us pas- i ?age, the department felt itself constrained I to adopt a construction more favorably to r the rail road companies. That the word t "similar" should be construed as having no t reference to speed, was a position which,; t according to legal as weil as just rules of j s construction, could not be maintained.? 1 From New York to Baltimore, the great i Southern and Western roads are united in I one. At the latter point they separate, one portion, believed to be the larger, going I West, and the other South. It could not be doubled that the transportation of the Wes. '! tern mail was, in its bull:, its jveight, its int.' portance, and also its speed, more "similar" j to that on the main Southern line, than any ' other appertaining to the department. The j 1 department, therefore, felt constrained to j I ? ?!/?, ;.? ihai trensnortntion as its i l'iv vwk *y? ? ? -j- ? j guide in fixing on the basis for the allow. 11 ance to railroad companies on the main f' Southern line, provided for by low. The : overage cost of this line, from Baltimore , to Cincinnati, was fouud to be $190 per j t mile. To this sum, 25 per cent, was ad- i ded, and the aggregate, 8237 50, was of. fered to the railroad companies between Fredersburg. Va. and the Roanoke river, rs the highest compensation which could be allowed them by law. The same rule was ! intended to be applied to all railroads under i1 like circumstances. It was not doubted i! that this provision would be readily acccp. ted as more ample than the railroad companies had a right to expect, and that this j1 troublesome matter would have been for. i i ever adjusted, so far as regards those roads. 1 '> But the proposal of the department has not i been a ceded :o, and not only is a higher ' compensation demanded, but conditions are < insisted on as extraordinary as the conces ? sion of them would be impolite and illegal. < The department is, therefore, engaged in ; making provision for the transportation of j 1 \tr of linr monnn ' 5 MIV glCttl OVUUIVIII ll?OH UJ vmv 4 iUVUIIO ? after the 1st of January next, not being at: J liberty under the law even if it were otherWise diapersed, to accede to the terms do- ' manded by the railroad companies. This s cannot be done on the same line without s public inconvenience in the loss of time, and although a rival line may be raised up in the !1 couise of a few menlhs fully equal in speed,! > yet it will not be so convenient to the de. ' partment, or in all respects so useful to the I public as the one in question. Cut having t offered all that the law admitted and more * jvwtiqp and more than justice and good poL | * icy would have sanctioned had no law been ; I parsed, the department does not feel itself; i in any way responsible for the public in. J convenience which may ensue. 11 These details have been given that Con. j 1 gross may correct the construction given to j * the law of last session if too liberal or two strict, or resort to such further enactments ! < ?s the public in>ercst may seem to require, jr The principle that Congress may consiitu- : tionally make roads for the transportation ; J of the mails once entertained by some, 1 seems to be generally abandoned ; hut that Li tliey may use for t at purpose all roads ccn? ! a strutted uudcr the authority of the State, jc has hitherto been universally conceded. w The cliartcrs of railroads are gran'ed for the public convenience, and in their con- j n slmction tln?y are considered so far public n that private property is taken at a valua- j31 tion ibr their use without the conse.it of the c owner. Whether these roads are to form ;l' an exception as to the right of use vested in ]s the United Stotes hy the Constitution is a;^ question which it ina\ soon become necos.! $arv to consider. ! 8 The valuable books end papers ofthisde.. part men tare m constant peril from the com. : ^ biistiblc nature of the building now oceu. ^ pied. It has a shingle root and much wood i " work within, and in the department and the sl Auditor's office there arc daily about scv- . enty fires. It is perhaps in greater danger 5< from the proximity ot' stables and other j 0 buildings which could hardly burn in some| directions of the wind, without involving ih? ai whole structure occupied by the department rc in the:r destruction. The consciousness of i tnis constant peri', is one of the most pain.; fnl incidents to the administration, ^nd I can only relieve myself *Vom a weight of res. ponsibility by requesting you to bring t! is (Jsubject to th? serious atiention of Congress. With the highest aspect. Your ebeaientservant. j. AMOS KENDALL. To the President of the United States, j | CONGRESS. ! op ? ; r'c Si NATE. j o! I Thursday Dec. 13. The Senate sat j Mi until near 4 o'clock, an animated debate ros having sprung up o;i the bill introduced by jerii Mr. Wright, liom the committee on Finance : for the further postponement of the fourth i instalment, in which Messrs. Clay, Kenton, rest Nilesi Preston, Tallmadge, and Calhoun ; r jook part. The further consideration of the ted bill was postponed. 1 tak< Mr. Thomas 11. Williams appointed by .1 the Governor of Mississippi in room of Mr. Cor Trotter was .qualified. rl Mr. Wright, from the Committee of Fi- Ad; nance, reported a bill for the furiher post- I eric poocment of the fourth instalment of the ; 1 depositee-with the S ates. . j n Mr. Wright observed that the condition \ .S of the Tresury was such as to r nuer it ne- stor cess rv that the action on that bill should be X as ur *e??r as ptjssibis; and he tin rcforc win noved that it have its second reading a! ?nce. The bill was accordingly road a second ime, and the Senate p oceeded to considei t as in Committee of the Wnole. Mr. Clay, of Iveniuckv, moved to nnvnc he bill by limiting the postponement of tilt ourih instalment to the States to the Isto anuarv, 1840. On this motion a debate arose n which Messrs Clay of Kenluc ;y, Wright. Ndes, Preston, Calhoun denton, Tallmadge, Rives, and Rrowi r-irticipatcd. f \l T\ |v; un motion 01 air. rresion mo mi 'ju ras postponed till to morrow. House of Representatives. Dec. 13. TV Speaker laid before th< louse of communication from the Secret* y of the Treasury, in answer to a rcsolu ion of this House of the 29th of June last ransmitting a report of all the informatioi vhicb could be obtained as to the use o .team engin-s, the accidents and loss o ife and property which have attended tlioi jse, together wi h various specifieat ons 01 ;he subject. Referred to a select coramitte and prin :ed. The committee consists of Messrs. Sergeant, Hamer, Campbell, c 3. C., Phelps, Menefee, Yell, Borden. Mr. Wise olfcred tbe following resold lions. Resolved, That Congress hasnopowe lo abolish slavery in the District of Colurr bia, or in the Territories of the United State; whether such power in said District or Tei rilories be exercised "as a means or icilhth view of disturbing and overthrowing slaver in the States" or not. Resolve I. Tu C>ngr's? at* n o povve lo abolish tho slave trade, or prohibit th removal of slaves between ihe States, or be tween the States and the District of Colutn bin or Territories of the United Statns, o between the District of Columbia and th Teriitories of the United States. Resolved, That Congress cannot receive or consider petitions for the exercise of an powers whatever over the subject of slaver which Congress does not possess. Resolved, That the laws of Congres alone govern in prescribing and regulatinj the mode and manner in which fugitiv slaves shall be Rpprehended, and their right to freedom tried, in the non-slaveholdinj States, District of Columbia, and Territories and the mode and manner in which the; shall be restored or delivered to their own 3rs in slave States. Resolved, That Congress has no powe o impose upon any State the abolition o slavery in its limits, as a condition of admis sion into this Union. Resolved, That the citizens of the slave holding States of this Union have the con jtitutional right voluntarily to take tine si a VI S tft nr thrnnnrli n nnn.s!;i vnhnHini "" w* """"O" " 5tate, and to sojourn or remain'cmporarilj A'ith such sl;tves, in the same, and the slave; ire not thereby, ipso facto,emancipated; nut he General Government is consitutionallj jound to protect the rights of slaveholder! 0 their slave proaerty in non-slaveholdinj States; and all laws of non-slaveholdin* States in conflict with the laws ofCongrest )rovid ng for such protection are nu'l anc 'Old. On the motion to suspend the rules to in roduce these resolutions the vote was, yeas 113, N.tys 96, no: two thirds; so the motiot vas lost. Mr. Ca'hoon of Ky. then asktd leave tr )fTer the following resolution ; which wai c id for information : Resolved, That the Committee on the udiciary be instructea to report a bill maing it unlawful for any person to aid fugi ve slaves in escaping from their owners nd providing for the punishment in the ouris of the United Slates of all persons bo may bo guilty of such ofTence. ^nd lat they be further instructed to report a bill taking it unlawful for any person in ths on-slaveholding states of this Union to use ny means to entice slaves from their ownrs, and providing for the punishment in lccoursoftho United States of all perons who may be found guilty of such of, 3I1CC. On the mo ion to suspend the rules to rant leaves, ayes 89, nays 107. S. S. Reese was elected chaplain Mr. lade moved to supend the rules to introuce resolutions agahist the trade in slaves 1 the District of Columbia, and between the tates. Motion lost 55 to 187. Dec. 14. Mr. Calhoun, cf Mass. prc?ntcd several petitions on the subject of the bolition of slavery, occ, Mr. Wise objected to their reception, nd made the po'i.t oforder whether the isoiuion adopied by the House did aulor zeihu reception ofthese peti ions. The Speaker said the point had been deled it; previous years, and under resolu)ns of similar tendency. The resolution d authorize the reception ofthese peti>11?. Mr. Wise Ik. lit vol the decision of the b i.rlobein conformity with the resolution; ii he h d taken the appeal tiuittlie opinion each member might be known. Several members spoke in fuvor of the J cision of the Chair, Mr. Pickens alone j posed it. When the question, ''Shall the 1 u.slon of the Chair stand by the judgment; ri rt ??' .1 ' u-5 nuusu ?vaa j'ui, iuju me name ol ; \ Adams was called, that gentleman oand said : I refuse lo answer, consid- j fig all the resolutions The Chair called Air. A - to order. Mr. A. Continued. Considering ail the olutions as unconstitutional riie Chair again interposed, and reques. the genilomen from Massachusetts lo J ids sear. dr. A. conMnucrl. A violation of the j isiitution^of the United States i Phese words were ilirown out by Mr. t ims, amidst much tumult and very loud '< s for order, in the course of which, I 'he Speaker called on the House to aid '1 j c ometinng like silence having been re- I r ed. | 'j fr. Waddy Thompson desire ! to kno.v 1 ti i aid the Speaker 5 : Mr. Ac!ams having, in the interm, re* surm'd his seat, I The chair replied, none at all. T? e Cierk then proceeded wish the roll, and, the name of Mr. Wise having been I called, that gentleman rose and refused to J vote. f The roll having been called through. Tnc Chair announced the vote : Yeas , 185. nays 6. So the House determined that the decision , of the Chair should stand, by the judgment i of the House. And the said petitions wore then laid on the table, under the provisions of tho resolution. STATE LEGISLATURE. L> The following are the resolutions adop ted in the House of Representatives aid on t the subject of the currency &c. n 1. Resolved, That it is the right duly ol if ihe Senators nnd Representatives of the if people, in the S:ates. to express their opin. r ion upon such rests of their com U-iits, n [Voteunanimous.] 2. Resolved, That, in the opinion ot this u Legislature, it is expedient that the evenues of the Federal Governrnc nt, He Je >f collected, as ultimately to sever the Gov. from all connection with Ban ks. [Vole, t- to 7.] 3. Resolved. Th.V, in the opinion of this r Legislature, tne Revenues of the Federal i. Governmeni, should be so deposited, kept, and disbnrsed, as not to be connected with, . or use J in Bunking operations. [ Vote, 113 to e 2.] ij 1. Resolved, That it would be unconstu tu.ional, inexpedient and dangerous, to inr corporate a National Bank. [Questions e divided--On the declaration ' that it would be unconstitutional," the vote was 107 to 7 ; i. and onits being " inexpedient and dangerr ous," 112 to 3,] e Yeas.?Hon. D. C. VVardlaw, Speaker, Messrs Allison, Alston, Arthur, Beaty, e Belin, Bellinger, Biakeney, Boozer, Boyce, y Bradley, Brockman, Brown, Buchanan, v Buford, Bull, Burt, Caldwell, Calhoun Cuhnes, Cantey, Carr, Carroll ('olcook, s Crockstt, David, Davis, Dawkins, Dessau? rr sure, James Douglass, John Douglass, Eckr hard, Elfe, Elliott, Elmore, Evans, Evins, s Ervin, Fair, Fripp, Fros', Fulmore F. Nj Garvcn, William W. Garvin, Griffin, Hane, s, Henderson, Ilcywaid Hibben, Hibblcr, v Hoy, Hirger, Hunt, Ingraham, Jacobs, . Jamieson. Ker. Lenoir, Love, McDowell, Magrath, Marsh, M-mminger, Mofletr, r Moore, Moody, Move, Murray, Ned, Oh. f Bryan, E. G. Palmer, Samuel J. Palmer Patterson, Phillips, Pocle. Porchcr, William Reed, Reid, James B Richardson, J. S. . Richardson, Rogers, Saxon, Schnierrle, . Seymour, Smith. Taylor, (]. H. Thomson r Tyler, Walker, Washington, Whaley, Whit, t field, Wdder, Williams, Williamson, Wiil y son, Wimmsh, \V ingato, Withorspoou, s Woods.?103. j Naya. M aai?>. AU(en. Arnold,(Jaiiioun, / j Co*, McKinney, Middct< n, Perry, Powell, s | J. P. R*jed, A. W. Thomson?10. r' Dec. 13. r i A Bill to repeal an Act, enliiled " an 3 j Art, to amend the law, in relation in grant1 j iog licenses to retail spiritous liquors, and for other purpose?, &c. was read the sec . ond time : Mr. Dessau sure moved its inde. 3 finite pus.poneinent ; Mr. J. P. Reed op. i ; posed the motion and called for the yeas j and nays, which wereorJered bv the House, > and were rs follows : > i Yeas?Hon. D. L. Wardlaw, Speaker, Messrs. Aiken Arnold, Arthur, Belin, Bel; linger, Bnyce, Blockman, Buchanan, Buf. ord, Bull, BNrt, Calrnes, Crroll, Davis, De. saussurc, Eckard, Elfe, Elliott, Evins, Er, vin. Fair, Finley, Frost, Fulmore, Gage, i W. W. Garvin, Griffin, llano Henderson, ; Hibbenbler, Huger, fngrahani, Jackson, ! Jacksons, Jacobs, Jamison, Lenoir, McI Dowel!, Magrath, Marsh, Martin Memmiii? ger, Moffett, Moye, Murray, E. G. Palm: er, John Palmer, S, J. Palmer, Patterson ; Perry, Phillips, Porcher, J. S., Richardson, Schnierle, Seymour, Taylor, Tvler, F. H. Ward I aw, Whalev, Wimbish, Wingatc,? 63. Nays Aliison, Booze,*, Bradley, Brown, C.ildwe!!, Calhoun, Canty, Curr, Colcock, Colhoun, Cox, Crockett, David, Dawk ins, James Douglass, John Douglass, Elmore, Evans, F. i\. Gnrvm, Hoy, Hunt, Lov<vMcKinney, Moore,Moody, Neel, Poole, Powell, J. P. Reed, Wm. Reed, Rogers, Saxon, H. IJ. Thompson, Walkir, White | fi-ld, Wilde,, Williams, Witlierspoon,' VVi'son, Witherspoon, Woods?42. Life Restored by Electricity.?A London pnp^r giv -a nn account of a little girl, who | fell headforemost into a butt of water.* ; When dragged out she was quite cold, end i all the usual remedies were tried for a I length of tunc by Surgeon Parks, without j success. As u last resource, Mr. Parks j applied the stimulus of electricity. He first i passed shocks gently through the head aid i j chest, along the cours ; of llio spine, grad- : | uu ly in rejstng their power, and persevcr-1 ing during the whole time (by means of; | other assistance) in the inflation of the lungs. After these means had been c>i_ ployed conjointly for about ten minutes. < faint traces of respiration were observed, j I and in three quarters r.r an hour he had tke j 1 pleasure to behold his patient in fair way ofis recovery. Tiic child is now in the cnjoy? ' c mciit of perfect health. J c - j* Curious Sergical Operation. In the Car-' v lolion (Mi.) Enquirer of the (3:h iust , we 'r< read an account of a very singular opera-! 11 tiou, said lo have been performed by Dr. \V. '' Stansbury, of Carrokon. The circum. j ^ stances, as detailed, are substantially as H follows : A negro man owned in Carrol. ? P :on county, was wounded in the bead, bv | ho bursting of a gun. About eight days lbcrvvards D;. ?S. was sent for to besow A lis professional attention. On examine. Ic ion, it was ascertained that the skull was In onsiderably fractured, "about six lines I ic ibovc the internal angle of the l?ft orbit." ! The trephine was used, and a portion of J ic lie bone removed from the brain. l>o;b t c/> "f hi'Ji ; 'vPf t; ' *!' ' m Some days of;er this Dr. S. proceeded to G a more critical examination of the patient* ol On again introducing the probe, tho breech w pin of the exploded gun was found lodged ri in the bram j The pin weighs oz. This s; was extracted together with an ouuco of ei j brain ; and the patient is rapidly recover, ic | ing.?'Richmond Compiler. animalcule. j f Professor Hitchcock, to a letter present. ! ing some geological facts respecting certain j regions in the western parts of Mnssachu- j o setts, adds the following interes ing post- b script : 1; ' Some of your readers may be gratified a if I mention a discovery of some scientific S( interest, which I have made within a few w . days past; they have all, doubtless, heard s, i of those minute living beings discovered by a the microscope in stagnant water &c. called t| P animalculce? millions of which may live in 0 | a single drop. But until very recently, who i fj j would have supposed it possible that the a j skeletons of these animals would be found f( ' j preserved in the soils and the rocks ! Yet f, i there is a white and light substance, very e 1 ; comrron in Massachusetts, beneath the mud n i in otiromrts ntkmh f ^rt/l I a Kn 4*. all aT I hncft k ill OVTatlipO) v> ,J,OU A liliu IU t/w IUI4 VI IIJVOV ' > fossil skeletons ! And it is curious that if I ]< care be taken in placing the substance be- J ' neath the microscope tiicse skeletons will j ! generally be found to be entire, although so ! j I thin that the light passes through them so e j as render thein almost invisible. The on s '! Iy species I have yet noticed has the shape j( ' J of the common angle icorm or carlh worm, | Q and it would take hundreds of thousands of i v ; them, prabably millions, to make up a cubic ti | inch. Yet thedeposite tliat contains them J jj is probably two-thirds composed of their j jt? I remains, and in many places it forms a f j stratum several feet thick, covering many tj i acres, and may be found, 1 doubt not, in e every town in the State. I happen to have specimens only from Andover, Bridge water, |t 1 Barrc, and Pelham, ail of which contain the p ' relics. jj "In Europe it has recently been found w ' ibat several rocks of considerable thickness t| | (among which are flint and opal) are maue tj ' up chiefly ofanimnlculae. Indeed, the fa. t| mous Prussian naturalist, Ehrcnberg, has t( determined twenty-eight fossil species, nine tj > \ i.:~u , i ?i .i... ~ jui WIJICU ill u auu nuu iiic ".mi.t i [j ! correspond to the living sp?ci<*s. Of ihcse t| '. is the polishing Stale, (.i variety of rotten f, ' stone.) Ehrenbergsays; 4 About 23,000,000 q i of these creatures would make up a cubic s line, and in a cubic inch there would be j ^ ' 41,000,009, weighing 220 grains; the' j siliceous shield of each nnimaleulao weighs i j about the 187 000,000;h part of a grain j j This fossil animalculae of the iron ochre is j v j only the twenty-first part of the thickness ol ' 1 a human hair ; and one cubic inch of this 11| ' j ochre must contain one li/lion ol the skel. j 0 ' clous o! living beings." j r ' i i $ ' i The following is a copy of a law in rcfi r- | (] j nrxeo tn duelling m/vnlly puUlitthad by tho . j King of Naples : ' j i; j A challenge Jo fight a duel, either writ- j ft j ten or verbal, is punishable by imprisonment 1 j| i in the third degree, with a disqualification j ; for all public functions and the loss of all i f, j public pensions two to five jcars af.cr the j ;i | expiration of tho punishment. A person ; who accepts a challenge is subject to the [ same punishment. Any act of violence j d j committed against a person in consequence ' o ' ol refusing to accept a challenge shall be ' al : punished according to the existing laws,' in ' but the rnto of niiniehmnnf cIkiII ho inorrnc. u* cd o ic degree above what it is in ordinary I [)< cases. If a challenge is accepted and the ; pi parties mee\ bm the duel does r.ot takeisj i place, they shall bo punished by a banish-1// i incnt and t!ic loss of pensions. If the duel I takes place, without either party being i fj j wounded they shall be punished by irons in ! ; the first degree, with the loss of pensions.? ; .j If wounds follow, the wounJt d party shall j ^ j he punished as above, and the parly inflict- ' q ingthe wound shall be punished according ! gl to the exis'ing laws. Murder committed I ^ i in a duel, shall be punished as assassination. | I 'I he body of a person killed in a duel, and ; ^ also of one who shall sufT;r death in con., j sequence of a duel, shall be buried in a pro. i fane place, without funeral ceremony, and ^ without any monument. Seconds, bearers jn i of a challenge, and all who take part in H j m I duel, shall be punislicJ as principals. IVJiL j ,Q | itary men, besides being subject lo this | decree, shall bo punished by the military ^ penal statute for insubordination. ; SI<I cit New Orleans?The Picayune thus dc- ati cribes its mo;ley population : in aIn walking the streets of our delightful cla hut motley city, we have always observed ticl that the representative of different nations jlari are not more strongly marked by their dif- j bus fcrencc of language than by the different of O O # occupations?at h ast in nil kinds of retail nn< trade or small business. For instance the |nd the venders of fruit, nuts, dec., such as those nar around the Place 'dArmes, are Italians, tow Those who sell vegetables, and the butchers I also, are mostly Germans. The keepers opt of cabarets or quartree shops, the oystermen gar fishermen and hunters ami venders of wild ing fowl, (of which incredible quantities are the continually procured, particularly at Bara- moi aria, fortius market.) are almost exclusive- thoi y Spaniards. The toy shops and fancy J that stores are principally French people. The ; larg Jravmen, or at least a very large number j jf them, are Irish. We might perhaps ; j forthm* tu IJ h fllP inn ( ???* . t /I Ulw^v IUI uiv/i vinjoiiiv.uiiwti uui j jnj|? ve might be wrong. As to the hawkers / nr(j ;nd pedlars along the levee, we have an.'ajQ deato what wanJering" tribe theybc-j0ffl >ng; but we arc not sure. As to the ten! arbers, tliey belong to no particular race. [)ro!| riiereure lots of shavers from all sorts of parjj eoplc. o'clc j each From Mexico.?The consignee of a j shot; lexical) vessel which arrived at New Or-1 from ans on the 6th instant, from Campeacby, j of ;h is communicated to the editor of the Cour- [ lived r the following items of Mexican news : at eai " Gen Piedkas, wj.h three hundred Mex- Tl an troops, had re-taken the fort which whicl munnds the bar at Tampieo. Gee. Cos ' lows i' ic-M.i y !j r?rry}*t roe?;. ' 'j ren. Canolis was in Almiras, at the head i rthirteen hundred Mexican soldiers. It < as thought that all the troops in the inte. < or, who had pronounced lor the Federal t jr'siem, would give up, and join the Gov- I rnment parly. A great scarcity of provis- i >ns exist at Tampico." * CANADIAN AFFAIRS. j rom the Detroit Daily Advertiser, Extra, j Dec. 4. < The Patriots.?This morning, about two \ ciok, tliA Patriots, having stolen the steam oat Ciiarnplain, succeed'd in effecting a ( tnding on the Canada shore, a few miles , bove this city, and marched down to Windor, immediately opposite this place, rhcrc they burnt a British steamboat and everal buildings, we believe occupied as military depot, They were opposed by ic militia stationed there, and a skirmish f some severity ensued, after wli.ch the ring ceased ; the British retreated below, nd the Patriots marched up the river. Itein3rcem"nts were immediately expected om Sandwich, and bioody work may be xpected soon. The Patriots, it is said, umber betwen 200 and 300. Loss on the part of the Patriots, one illed and two wounded. AFFAIRS AT IIAURlSBURtf. It has been with unfeigned regret that very quiet and well-meaning citizen has eiTn the official paper of the Administration :i tins city for several days past countenncing and even applauding the unlawful iohaice at IIarrisbur,g, and the interrupon by a Mob of the regular operation of lie Government of iheS ate of Pennsylvan?. It is monstrous to think of, that the "hief Officers ofa Government which, like latofhbc Uni'ed States, depends for i s ex. niption from daily violence so much upon 40 moral sense of the community, stioulJ :nd its aid and rmintflnanr'n t/? n rnnrcp nf roceeding winch goes directly to blunt, and l the end to obliterate that moral sense by hich thus far the Government and laws of io Union have been upheld, and to which iey owe not alone their efficiency, but even ie:r existence. If these things be not only derated but justified here, at the Scat of ic General Government, how long will it e, upon any reasonable calculation, before ie same Mob, which has driven the Senate rom iis Hall, at Narrisburg. will expel /ongrcss from the Capitol, or drive the PreidoHt himself into the Potomac 1?Nat. lull From the Harrisburgh Telegraph, A Rebel Fraud.?The Rebel or Pro. isional Government have already com. ncnccd calling out the. militia to sustain iiem. This morning Captain Thompson, if York county, arrived here with a com-I any of volunteers, and on reporting him- I elf to the commander lie was surprised to j iad that he had nol hern called out. It appeared upon examination that C iptin Thompson had received his orders I oni Adam JhiVr. of Lnnchastcr county. 1 lie command r- .r. cuief of the rebel forces, j Japiain T. felt highly indignant at the raud practised upon iiinirof which he made ! *i affidavit, and has ordered his men home. ! Wc had cocas on to surest the o'lier | iy, hypo helically, that oft c vast amounts ' f money nppropsiuted by Congress nomin- ? liy for the Indians, a great proportion went ito the pockets cunning and grasping ; liitc men. ?Ve had not then seen the pa-j :t from which we copy the following,! I roving that monstrous abuses in this re- 1 i jec: do at least sometimes occur :?Nat. { ! ltd. I i ! j lOM TlIE sr. CHARDES (MO.) CLARION, DL- ! I CEMBF.R 1. ( Several gen'iemen present at the pnyenl of the Indian annuities at Prairie du iiien represent the afnir to be managed in 1 ich manner as almost entirely to d prive ' e Indians of any benefit from the payment oods of a qu lity unsuitcd to die habits of j! e Indians, such as superfine clo li dress- ' ints, saddles of the finest quality, &c. fro lid out to them at their highest value, 0 hilo numerous individuals arc among the I1 dians purchasing these articles for not a ore than one. fuurtli of their cost. Claims p a vast amount, alleged by persons acaintcd with die business of the tribe to be ,l just, were allowed and paid. In one in. nee, after a claim had been sworn to, a ^ izen declaing that the testifier was absent J: the time certain articles were repr^seated the claim to have been delivered, the al imant without hesitation eras d these ar. Ics, amounting to five or six thousand dol- s< s ! Such a loose wav of transacting a( iiness will soon impoverish every nation j Indians treating with the United States, ?c. I enrich the traders at the expense of the tH lians, and a for eiture of whatever good stl ne it may possess, as far as its justice a.c ards the Indians is concerned. .1 16 n addition to this injurious measure ad? ed hy Governmens agents, there is a ig, of beings in the shape of men, claim- AI to be gentlemen, walki- g about among Indians, actually begging them for icy, without any thing in return. So cl; jghtless are the Indians for the future, they often authorize the agents to give 60 ;esums to these soulless beggars. fro 7atal Affray at Columbia, . Tenn.?VVe n trom the lNasliville Whgthat Kich. pa II. Haynos, Attorney at Law, residing oiumbia, Tenn, and son of 0. B. Hayes, the fashvillc, was killed n a street recoun. a Columbia, with Wm. Polk, of Maury, pre her of the Hon. Jas. K. Polk. The es met on the public square about four att< >ck on Monday evening, the 3d instant J armed with pistols, and exchanged 1 > almost simultaneously, a buckshot ceii Mr. Polk's pistol piercing the brain ^ is ilLfated antagonist. Mr. Hayes bor through Monday night, but expired 1 rly hour Tuesday morning. o u| to Whig states the circumstances ^ t led to this melnncholv affrat, as fol. rcPc ... f 100 [V h'd !v '.n 5 ' rash and melancholy meeting are, wo un# Jerstand, as follows : On friday, a diffi :ulty originating in a jest occured between he parties at the dinner table Inn. Hayes laving unintentionally, and in a sportive renark, wounded the feelings of Polk, a flight altercation ensued, which ended in he tender of an apology from H. Whether t was accepted or not we cannot say, but nfer not, as Polk proceeded on the same evening to I Iaye's office, and, after calling him out, inflicted personal chastisement with a whip. Here the affair terminated, cm Friday. On Monday c\ening the parties ngain met on the street, and with the the fatal result just mentioned. " Thus closed the fifty bloody street tragedy in Tennessee for 1838. How many more we may be called upon to re~ Cord in t' c few davs that are left to the year, it is not easy to foretell. In the ease before us the circumstances are such as to shock the public mini beyond any event of the kiud of the kind that has occured in this section of the State for a series or years. The principals and their connexions are all highly respectable ; whilo the unfortousto ** victim has been hurried to a premature gravo in the first years of manhood, full of promise, and in the free enjoyment of all the comforts and indulgences of life that a fulher could bestow. To that father, now absent in the Eastern cities, and to hisfam. ily here, indeed, if the sympathy of the com. munity can do ought to soothe their grief, they have it io the general regret with a bereavement so sudden and shocking is calculated to call forth." I ATEST FROM CHILI. The barque PhiilipHone arrived at New York on Wednesday in the short space of 84 days from Valparaiso. On the 17th ult., in lat. 8 degi. 40, long. 44 degs. 6, a very severe shock of an earthquake was felt on hoard, which lasted 112 minute. Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce, Valparaiso, Sept 17, 1838. VVe have advices from Lima to the 25.h ult. The Chili expedition landed at Ancon on the 7:h, and, after various unsuccessful attempts at ne?ociation with General Orbe goso, they ended by the latter declaring war against Chili. The Chilians entered Lima on the 21st, defeating the Peruvians. Gen. Orbegoso fled to Turin, twenty miles from Lima, with about 500 cavalry, and Gen. Nieto retreated to the Castle ofCaL Ion w th about 600 men, without firing a, gun. fl'j was there deposed by his own troops, who declared in favorof Geo. Santa Cruz. The Chilians lost about 200 men, and the Peruvians the same number. At- last dates there were about 1,200 men in the ensile, and should the Chilians not succeed in defea'ing them their situation will be very precarious, as Gen. Santa Cruz was said to bo within 20 days' march of Lima with 9,000 men. The general opiuion is that the expcdiiion willjje a failure. This Government are now preparing 2,000 men to send down to the relief of their army at Lima. MEETING IX BEHALF OF COMMON SCHOOL EDUCATION. Pursuant to notice, a Meciing wis held on Thursday evening in the R'-prcsentives Mall at the Capfol, to listen to somoaddrissos ori the improvement of the existing sys? C . c i_ i i . uui Oi v^nniiHO!! ounooi IVJUCntiOn 10 the Untied States. The aitcndanctyvas large, \nd of the most respectable description. Many members of bo It Houses of Congress, and otiier distinguished gentiemon, were present, besides a crowd i (ladies. On mo. lion, the chair was taker* by the Hon. VVm. Co>t Johnson, of Maryland, a gentleman tvhose efforts in the House in behalf of this musc wilt he remembered by our readers,. Mr. Stansbury wis appointed Secretary. Vftcra briefs a ement by the chairman of he object of the meeting, the audience was ddrosscJ by J. Orville Taylor, Esq., Pro. bssor of Common School Education in tlie Jni'T.rsi'y of New York. His a !drcss was fa very impressive character, eminemly radical, abounding in original thought, od occasionally very eloquent. It was lis?ned to with profound interest. James {arbour. Esq , of Virginia, (former Secre? iry of War,) followed in nn animated pt-cch in support of the general views adanced by Professor Taylor. Col. W. L. Stone of New York, and Francis S. Key, Isq., of the District of Columbia, afterwards ddressed tlw assembly, the latter propoing the establishment of a society at the tat of Government auxiliary to the parent iriptv Jit New York. h?uinirihft ? - ? - - - ?j M|1' ^IIIV iaUw ible end in view, viz. ihe raising of the laractcr of our Common School Educa:>n througiiout the Union. Wo undcrand tbal a full report is preparing of the Idresscs and accompanying resolutions, e whole of which will be printed in pamphi form for wide distribution.?Nat. Intel. 'PARATUS FOR EDITING AND TUBLISAING A LONDON NEWSPAPER. Every London newspaper of tho firtf. iss has? . An editor with a yearly salary of from 0/. to 1000/. A sub-editor, with a yearly salary of m 400/. to 600/. From ten to fourteen regular reporters, id from four to six guineas weekly. Froni thirty !o thirty.fivc compositors in t printing office. Several peisons to read and correct the iofs. A. certain number of men and boys to * -? * na trie printing machine. \ publisher and sub-publisher. \ number of clerks in the office to re,*e advestisements aud keep accounts. Various oiher individuals engvged in sudinatc duties. rhc cost of reporting generally amounts ward of 3000/. yearly. 'hesalaries paid weekly to the editors, >rtcrs, and others do no* fall short of * 1. d-i {. o oxpppscr-- of< 'vaswia*. ivimrdna * v f _ * - i.