Cheraw gazette. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1835-1838, August 30, 1837, Page 166, Image 2
grades far exceec^g; this; can easily b
overcome by locomotive power. .
Before leaving this portion of the subject
I will remark, that a gradual descent of &
to 40 feet tcihc mile'cuul J be made by th<
Valley of Whortleberry -.reek to the river
But this would throw tine Depot at least hul
nii'e out of the limits of the town.
From the highlands oil tire Fast of the
Freedce, the lower line, bv a curve ofaboui
one and half miles radius turns into its gen.
oral direction to Marion Court House, and
traverses ground gen ly undulating, to its
crossing of the Three Creeks. In its course
slight embankments will bo necessary, to
Vaise the line above freshe s iroin tha Bg
Ikjedee. and across several streams; the
most important of which arc Naked, Crook<ed,
and Muddy Creeks. Crooked Crook
is crossed by descending gen ly tbror
Ellerbe's and Murdoch's plaalatious, ' ^
point where its swamp is three qua"
a mile through. The general iev *4ers c
gained on the opposite side by r /Cl ,s n
cent along a branch through * - gentle a.1
plantation, loading near J jdr. Crosiand
house. The swamps of Thomas's ol
vary from HH) to 40r the other streatr
The line "c'rosfcs the r j vards iii breadtl
head of Gen. Car Three. Creeks about tli
its swamp is - .ipbeiPs mill-pond, wher
measured by T about four hundred yard
descent to : Jeberry and Townsend. j
about 35 .t may be affecied at a grade <
land feet to the mile, by a long point (
into* ?the widow Muggins.which project
or the swamp. The eleva'ion is rcgaine
. the other side by the same grade, travel
s' JCl*"another point opposite; which likewis
. ' /rejects into the swamp, and leads the liuj
iiKe Deberry's field. .When a survey i
^v.ade, I rec mmend an examination of th
'Jf . ft reek, with a view to crossing it one mil
Jtlow Gen. Campbells mill dam ; and t
cross Muddy Creel; below the junction <
the forks, instead of crossing each scpara
tely. From Three Creeks to the cross in
of Cat-Fish, a distance of nearly 22 mile:
. . -n?l.. *? ? nmntn.nmtp/l loVpl. fcXCCDt t
IlCtll (1*1 UlKliiVt I Uj/bV\? IV I v.; 4
the crossing of the North and South Ibrk
of Muddy. Creek ; to each of which it" ma
he .necesoary to dpscend by a grade of 3
feet te the mile, and ascend by the sam
grade. The line descends by a grade of 3
tect to the mile, through Capt. J. C Etlei
he's plantation, to Gat Fish, and crosse
I . its swamp immediately * below. Mrs Tart1
mill creek, at whicli point it is 400" yard
wide. It then ascends at a grade of 30 .ft*
to the mile. The (ace of he country froi
Cat Fish to the Little Peodec, is gaapruil
Hat, interrupted by occasional undulation.5
In this distance, Smith's swamp, 220 yard;
. % and Big and Little Reedy Creeks, each 10
yards across their swamps, are cresset
I . Besides these, on!? two or three inconsidoi
" " - 'r? -.i ? r
able branches occur, lociossuje juu.i
Peedee swamp, the line descends its bank b
a grade of 35 feet to the miie, which leac
i a point three quarters of a mile-long,'pre
ting into the swamp. From this poii
line pass' s to the fiver bv a string (
. 4 ' ' islands a quarter of'a mile in leugtl
"ver is 150 yards wide, whli a firr
Or and at the highest water 10 to 1
It can ba Crossed by a trus
ridge of simple .construction, wit
. . feet wide, fo admit the passag
afs. From the river, the lin
<150 yards ofswamp to Sai;
:ch is a bank of white sand
'englh, and a quarter, of
;ed by a grouch of live oa
ing of islands stretchc
1 to the highlands, a'di;
alf miles, of which a inii
islands, and the-rest (
the swamp. In cros
no obstruction shou!
. passage of the wate
uggish stream, an
ii. mp more than sei
e, * X'fore propose ih
ie *5 * * the swamp to b
i stj1 clear the highe:
! swt be built on th
[ the. a double trac
across id. * Forthes
gh to " cypress is r
f should :ng the Littl
ejr, %ith iy Island,
thout ofTei
rndy Islam
Tnts for cross . * ;weon Clu
SVf? the Wac:
of j?hicn' c, const Jt
KS&5 re
. ti
trV>Vicbe^ i x . hllie.
It in >?Pt0Sde, ? doc
l.';? hotf a.n? wtman's add
fU 4^
Itween Jo in
fv, the river swamp, whic.
Lr on the Western bank,
la mile and a quarter in brt J j
L about 130 yards wide, an . Th
fwith, a Iinrd sandv bettom. an
f the Eastern side of the river, u
Jelevated, and commodious la;
[Cypress Creek, in the distance i
Jmile and a half down the Peede
[e several landings and bluffs, name. >
[press Creek Landing, Little Cat
Munterhs and Dog Bluffs. By crosMe
rlVcr from any of these places, the
Me swamp (as will appear from the ;
Mt?anying map) must be traversed ohMy
; and I understand that it will be w
Msary, by one of the best routes, to nass th.
Me and a half through swamp, and the the
Me distance on isiaiuis, to a'tsin the high- ten
Ms. Also, Chinner's, Brunson, Brown, mat
f Hu iting Swamps, which become wider pose
m\hey approach the river, will be crossed Tf.
MnsidembW below the aireci one. tween
To return to ?he uhm/z Alter he Lc
^mossing the Little Peedee, the line passes . Route,
E\e>r ? ecuutry gradually rising-until it gums Cat Fi
Mrs highest ova'ion b Hween Branson and j Lowe
ng swart" ps. n.en-'v. o. its d'.se<, n.A ?
^ bevond Frown swamp, : ravesse?i g"ou?.J ( ^ ?.
M much L ro .1 rot. Brown i wamp, _ the * 0 ?
m ;j(-\ ? ;\\ o or three a.nes c.l country flic gen. : 1 h
M :..i!\- uiiili.:! tT:i!g.T,amJ gruLLa.hy I'i'oa j //-'
K ievjl pit: ?. i, which extends tcthe iVaea- [ 1 '
f.i'Ws . et. i; I At. en the I. .aire i:; I | ? .'
tii \\ over. sc \?v;.' sv i.nps u.Uv ^ *
k. a (juur.'.'i oi a m.?e " ':'i
V: viwn.!! *? . '
e j kins, which arc from 100 to yards'n
I through. . : a
; j With a view to select a point 0fterniina- c
> j tion ca the Waccamaw, I r xamined the tl
31 river from Con way borough -down to a point, h
. | Jelow which, I)<I difficult/ t [ ftm sntjsfied,; I
f J oxists in the navigation 0f (!l(, rjyer'' Tnc I ll
j first obstruction in the river, a few miles be- L'
; I T<s Cox's Shoal. It is j .
1 I about a quarter <ola )m|u anj extcnds i o
i i V?'?* acr0ic th'j river. A channel about; '<
i j oO teet wide n. a{. j]0WCst Water vary- i ?
. in roni ^ 'iT;et deep, intersects, the shoal j J
! 0 i?Ua /. h*om the right to the left bank, j
j . * 0 4,oxt obstaclcs.to navigation, are two j (
! '* shoals, cacli about o0 leet wide, with '
i W itCr 0 to 7 feet deep; one above and the j 0
/her he'iow the mouth oi the "thoroughfare. | a
1 Pot BlutV, on the W es'ern bank ot the rh- ;
:li i er, is below all the difficulties. I no portion j
l J l . 1 J .. I <1
a ' of" the Bloli" which is immciintciy on me j
river, is about 8 feet high and 140 yards 11
i- -long. Fix>m this extends a quarter of a ; ^
5- mile down the river, but it is separated from j e
's it by a strip of swamp 20 to 30 feet w'de, j:I
d across which it would be easy to wharf to the i ^
is channel if necessary. At the upper part of, ?
i. the Bluff, the river is 60 yards wid and J5 j"
le j feqt deep; but below it becomes bolder, ex- i '
c j panding to the breadth ofl50 yards.- From f'
s, i the B) iff, a dry level pine land spreads out, 11
A atfordingall facilities fora Depo%Store.hoti- ^
)f ses, Work-shops and town. Below Pot Bluff ^
)f is Woodard's Bluff, 300 yards long, from v
Is 12 to lo feet high, and on the channel of s'
d ; the river which is 12 to 15 feet deep. Mrs. (!
r. j Key's Landing is half a mile below Wood- j ^
e j ard's Bluff. It is half a mile long, and n
e j from 6 to 10 feet high. The water at the | ?
is upper end of thfe Bluff is 12 to d4 feet deep, j-'(
e ! becomes shallow below, and terminates in j P
a | a shoal above the mouth of Itothmanler j
o j Branch. At the lowest j.v.rcr, by taking | ]
)f j advantage of the tide, Oh feet draught can j
i- be-had across this shoal. The Bluff orv j
g which Buck's saw mill is situated, is from ; S
s, one quarter to half a mile long. This, and 0
it j all the offers "mentioned, oiler ample ac.!.
s cotmnodations for a Depot. C
y About three quarters of a mile below ;
0 Buck's Mill, is.another shoal similar to that !
e above the mouth of Rothmanler .branch,
5 with a channel through it only 50 feet wide. ' C
% Below this shoal to Georgetown Bar, eleven :
s feet of water can at all times be had, so that ! ?j
's any vessel which can pass the bar can come i
s to this point.' Milling's Landing is below'
?t j this shoal. It is.a bluff 300 yards long,
n j and eight feet high. Wharves, a few feet
v ! iu iength, built From ir would reach into wa- i
;. j ter 13 feet deep. Dry and-flut pine woods
>,' extended buck from the blufE affording room ;
0 , for every convenience and improvement!
1. | which the company can contemplate. The j
r- . river is as w'de liere as at any point above, 1;
[e and hence tofBuck's'Mill, winds very, very
v much, as may bo inferred when stated, that
Is the distance by water is four miles and by ' $
>. ' land scarcely exceeds a mile and a quar* i'
it' ter. ^ .
)fi J. consider it higbiy important that any j
i. j vessel which can cross the Georgetown bar,
n j shenld be able to reach the depot of the , p
1 Rail Road, and no point above Hilling's !
is j Landing will allow this. But should the 1
? i Company determine, that a draught of only
c ' 91-2 feet will answer their purposes, then Pot
e 1 BIufF would be better than any intermediate
i. ; point.
Is The upper line, (through Bennettsviile,) ' 1
a , diverges from t he lower line at Pliill's Creek, C
k and passing over level ground to Billings11,.Q,
ennr's risPS 10 or 15 feet '
3 it: > a vttiovw u uvu.^v) ?
5- in the next mile, and again traversess level ;
ie ground to Naked Creek,- which is crossed |
if between Pledger's 'and Easterling's mills. ' a
From Naked Creek (the swamp which is a ; b
d quarter of a mile wide) the country is much j it
r, broken, but becomes more even after cros- j tc
d sing Little Creek, and thence maintains an rp
undulating character to- Crooked Creek.? a
ie Crooked Creek swamp is only a quarter of j b
c a mile wide where the turnpike road cross, jc.
es if, being there narrower than at any oth- j
ie er point in the neighborhood. Crossing it 11!
k there to ascend at a grade of 35 feet.to the ' t!
;o mile, it will he necessary t<5 make a deep j S
cut, of perhaps 800 yards long, and 15 feet tf
Ie the greatest depth;.or e fleet the ascent by L1
I making use of the creek bank, and a ravine 1 c
D 1 {
> which lies to the west of the town. From ; w
.1, Bennettsville the ground in the next four tl
! miles, is gently fmdulating, and thence to ,
u j the head of Horsepen Branch, is, for the ' is
;r ' most part, flat. Ilorsepeu Branch, by a ; c
g j descent of 40 feet in a m'de and a quarter, p
k ! conducts the line to the swamp of Three ' A
?e ; Creeks, a short distance above Col. Dud- ' r
;e i ley's Mill. Having crossed the three creeks d
e i swamp, which is about 400 yards wide, ' g
;s ; ascend bv a grade of 35 feet to the mile, by 2
i. j means of creek bank and Jenny's Prong, o
3 | and continue that grade two, or two and a j
e half miles. The ground is undulating from IC
. C1 |
A i <rr.<.L-c twn miles bevond the North a
1- | Fork of muddy crock. The lino there j d
j strkes a !o\v sand ridge, which carries it j ti
f ; along trie east side of cat fish swamp to : ri
j | Mrs. Tart's mill creek, which will require ! p
| an embankment 150 yards long and a few ; s
: feet liigh.?Thence to Marion Court House,, a
the ground continues undulating, and is in. I b
intersected by three or four inconsiderable : o
streams. jC
As 1 have been ins'ructcd, that it is the j w
isli of the Convention, rather to ascertain 1 w
i probable cost of the undertaking which ; s1
y have in view, than at this time to dc. j o
nine on any particular route, 1 havecsli- i ^
-d only for .one line ; and for that pur- ' c
have'selected .the Lower Route. J si
;e lengths ofthe oJ^erent routes, be- 1 s
Cheraw-and Hilling's Landing, are. ;F
wer Route. 82.4 miles. Thc L:PI)cr 1 w
joining the Lower at the hek'd l'lu I f*(
i swamp, 84 miles, and joining ! !J
totitc at Marion Court House,
.r 1 I
i. 'ce ut labour I have resumed at ft
wc V* L*r hand n.r day, finding bjcludeu. . $
?ede is lor a Mingle track with a ; s(
c cry live nnies. The Ced.i c
n-oid e>^ neJ 12 ibet wide, and tin? .slopes 'tJ
lVJLvo 'ns and cmbankrneuts, v.Tlh 0. ! ci
t e%c;vN ?e.;;i;cu.aruf 2 1o 2. I U%.vG j
,llS' V A ?R of l!,f' ^'^hi lately ;V * ;
cA^-v:' V, \\ie. s"j:l- Carolina Rail Road* l'
. x*>* - / :o
> *1 11 *
iiiles of this iron is now laid, and appears to j
n swerve^- well. Intelligent gentleman 1
oncur withine, however, in the opinion,
uit the iron should he at least oner-fourth
cavier than even that now us"d. Indeed
am satisfied that economy Will result,' if*'
ic edge rail weighing GO to TO tons to !
ic mile, be used on your road.
The superstructure} 1 propose to consist i
f sleepers ten inches, square and eight leert i
)ng,^)i't!ie best heart pine, white oak, post !
ak or cypress, as may.be most convenient, j
>ur feet apart from centre to centre ; on
lese to be laid wooden rails of the best ma- !
>rial 6 by 8.inches, and from 16 to 25 feet '
>ng. The rails will be received in notch- 1
s made in the sills, and covered with a.'
coat of boiled tar at their bearings on the !
leepcrs, in whicli tbev will be firmly ;
wedged. The whole structure should, be j
o bedded in the earth as that only two 1
rchcsof the wooden rail may appear above ;
io surface. The earth beneath the sleep- !
rs should" he well consolidated by ram- !
ling, and in crossing swamps, and on emarvkments
which are liable to settle, mud ;
ills should be placed under them. The
on, if such as is1 used on the South Carona
Rail Road, must be firmly attached to
le rail by spikes driven once in every 18 ;
Hies. The width of the track should be!
>ur feet eight incites and a half in the clear,
or all the streams crossed by the road,
ents must be provided ; and as tiiere is no
tone near the line, it will be for the presnt,
necessary to use culverts and small j
ridges of wood. For all purposes, this
latcrial can be obtained hewed, on the line j
f the road, for $23 per thousand running j
. er. ROBABLK
COST OF COXSTRUC^
TIOX. -
Ixeavation arflTKmbanltmen!,
Grubbing and Clearing. Ctiiverts
and small Bridges, 64,580 00 j
evenly-nine miles and a haif
f Superstructure, including
Turn outs and Depots, 359,053 00
Crossing the Big Peedce and
its flats, the bridge being
22 feet wide, for a Double
Track, 27,894 00 j'
Crossing ltt'le Peedee.and its
o f*'
swamp, 18,775 00
luildings at Depots, Water
Stations, dec. . 25,000 00 ;
' '
495,302 00 j
aid ten per cent.'for Engi.
necrs and contingence?, .49,230 00 j
1 l
Total, 8544,832 00 |
I.
COST OK MACHINERY.
light Locomotive Engines
and Tenders, at $5,900
each, 47,200 00 I
ixtcen Freight Cars, each capable
of carrying 45 bales
of-Cotton, at $600 each, and * I,
and four Baggage Cars at
8400 each, 11,200.00?
our passenger "Cars, each
capable ofcarrying 40 passengers.
at 81,000 each, 4,000 00 j
862,400 00 j
I
SUMMARY,
lotal cost of Construction, 544,832 00 !
'ost of Machinery, 62,400 00
% Ann A I
Total, ^ouv,"?:o"?: uu j
.
In this estimate, I have provided for only j
s many freight and passenger Cars as will
e needed for the present business; as i
increases they would likewise be increas)
meet the demand. The locomotive 1
ower which I have estimated, although j
ble to perform, more work than the present |
usiness would require, would b^ instifti- :
ient for the preseut demand if reduced.
The intelligent Committee appointed- bv'-'
ic Convention to expose the benefits to
tc community, and the advantages to -the ;
;ockolders which will result from this eni
rrprisc, are fully adequate to the task.?
lut as I have had an opportunity of asertaining
a portion of these advantages, I
ill be pardoned, I trust, for here alluding to
tern. j
Cheraw is the point to which "Cotton (
;'brought from part of York, from Lan- j
aster, and Chester, and from the Southern ;
ortion of North Carolina, even from :
lecklenburg, Iredell, Rowan, Monfgomc- '
v, and Richmond ; and Merchants in that (
istrict of country receive their supplies of j
oods through Cheraw to the amount of1
.
5,000 bales per annum; and the up freights ;
n goods to that place is ?50,000 per annum.
- ' i -i !
ill this produce arid mercriauaize, ana me i
Jotfon .raised in Marlborough and Marion,
ud the goods tor Merchants i:> tliosc two !
istricts depend on the Big Pcodec Ibr their j
ransportation. From July to January, the
iver is frequently so low, that boats are '
revcnted from running. Sand bars and ?'
nags offer impediments to the navigation,
nd sometimes arc the causes of considerale
loss. At this present time, the wreck
f a steam boat lies a short distance below :
Jheraw, which was lost a few months ago,
nth a valuable cargo. The Cotton Planter
r'ouid generally find it to his interest to
end to market in November, that portion i
f his crop which he has prepared. The j
lerchant in Choraw has frequently, by the j
nd of the month, made half of bis purcha- J
cs in Cotton, and should have received his j
applies of Goods to exchange for it.? j
,ven when the river is navigable, several j
*eeks frequently elapse before Cotton can 1
each its market in Charleston. Sending i
, as is now the case, to Georgetown, much j
clay there frequently occurs, before it is i
awarded. By the river, the rates of J
erg/:t arc variable, frequently as high as J
1 23 per pale, to Georgetown. At pre- J
;nt it is 75 CfcUts per bale, and is scarcely ;
ver less. To the fricght must be added I
te insurance to Georgetown, which is 25 j
en's on each bale.
Bv Bail Road, the time Gf transportation j
i:tv be certain, and the freights invariable.
'reduce placed cti the. Fro'ght Cars at
u--.... c y >ji' cigb-t hours arr!vr'
i , - j
# 4 , ' t
at the Depot on the Waccamaw, and thence
he shipped by Steam Boats and other ves- j
sels, to "Cliaries'on or any other market.?
These cOnskJ^ra'ions would operate as inducemenls
tlierefb're to the merchants, to ,
prefer the. use of the Bail Road, which could i
always carry at -rates never exceeding and ;
generally less than by the river. An addi-j
tional inducement.is Ike wise held out in .
the saving of insurance ; as the Rail Road '
Company will be responsible for merchan- j
dize and produce conveyed by-it.
. From the Petersbuai and Roanoke Rail i
Road, a branch is nerrly completed trom i
i i . . r< #lw? X> r',vnr
Deineiu lO i_xus?m, UII uiu uuauu ivw
It is proposed to connect Gaston with Raleigh
by a rail road, aid at the last session
of the North Carolina Legislature, a char,
ter was obtained to buld a road from Ral.
eigh to the South Caiolina line, in the di- ;
O ,
rection oi Columbia, intending to pass.)
through the town of Clcraw. This would '
bring to Cheraw a great accession of trade j
from the Southern par. of North Carolina, i
In the article-ofCotton, Cheraw would have !
the advantage over anr port in North Car-1
olina'; for it is a fact, that Cotton shipped1
from South Carolina, commands, in the |
foreign market, from one Cent to .one cent (
and a half more per pound than when ship. I
ped Irom North Carolina. *
A connection with the Petersburg Road, j
will complete nearly a continuous line ot ;
Rail Road from Cheraw to Boston. A line
of Steam Packets,- established between the
Depot on the .Waccamaw and Charleston,
would be the last link in the chain of rapid J
and easy communication between Charles
ton and the North ; ol winch the only portion
by sea would be from Charleston to
the Georgetown Bar. a distance ol* about
GO miles. Many persons who now travel
bv s'cam boats and by packet ships to the
North, will doubtless prefer this interior line
of communication by Rail Roads. The
General Government will rather send the
mail on this route, by which it will be transported
every day from Charleston to Cheraw
in ten hours, instead of every o'her day
3G hours, as is now die case by.die way, of
Georgetown; or 43 hours by the way of
Columbia. I-leave the further discussion
of this subject to the committee, satisfied
that they are fully adequate to appreciate
' ' - ?i 1
tne auvantages ; uiiu jnueccu uu?r <-uw
sider the probable income of the company. ;
IJy the Hail Road, Cotton can be transported
to the Waccamaw river, throughout
the year, at 75 cents per bale. Whence to
Charleston it will not cost more than it now |
costs from Georgetown to Charleston.?
Goods can be carried at the-lowest river
prices. An average number of20 passengers
per day now pass through Cheraw by
stage. I will as'ssumo this number only*
in making my estimate, although I am satisfied
it is a minimum. The Singe tare from
Charleston to Cheraw is*now about 817.- I
will assume 80 as the fife from Cheraw to
the Waccajiiaw ; -and from the Wacamaw
to Charlestor, by Steam Boat, it will be, I
presume, not more than $9 lor each passenger.
Then the business of the company may
be estimated as follows, per annum-:?
25,000 bales of Cotton from
Cheraw to the Depot on
the Waccaniaw* river, at
75 cents per bale, 818,759 00
Up frieghts on merchandize,
&c to Cheraw, 50,000 00
Seven thousand bales of cotton,
at 75 cents per bale,
from Marlborough, and that
portion of Marion which lies
to the East of the Big Pecdee,
' 5,250 00
Up freights to Marlborough
and Marion, 5,250 00
For 7,300 passengers, 86
each, . ' 43,800 00
Transportation of the mail from
the VVaceamaw river to Cheraw,
10,000 00
Gross income, * 8138,050 00
From this amount deduct the
current yearly expenses of
the Road, for which I make
an ample allowance . 90,000 00
Which leaves a net in- " ;
come of 843,050 00 j
And gives on #007,'J3'?J uo, me prune cosi
of the road, a dividend of rather more than
seven percent.
In tliis estimate, I have endeavored to
exclude any thing which may be deemed
contingent. In estimating for Marlborough
O O O
and Marion, I have supposed that much of
their Cotton and Goods will continue to be
carried on the river. 1 have not take into
the account the Cotton, Bacon; and 'other
produce from North Carolina, which I have
been informed, descends the Little Poedee.
From an intelligent source, I understand
that perhaps as much as 30,000 bales of
Cotton, per annum, are now brought down
the Little Peedec, and that in one day 500
bales had been seen to pass. Nor have I
taken into consideration the resources
which, in this region of country, still lie
undeveloped, but will shortly be brought
into use by the spirit of improvement which
is now awakening in every part of the coun
rrv. ^eilUCI uuto my tjiuunn, vuiDiuv/V,
any of that great influx of trade and travel
which will be the result when North Carolina
and Virginia arc linked to our State?
when a connectien by Rail Road with the
Petersburg Road shall be effected. I have
made a statement merely of the business
which the Rail Road Company may depend
upon as certain, if even a connection with the
North should not be effected, and if the
neighboring country should cease to nilprove.
What may bfi the result under
these circumstances, I leave to the conside.
ration of tnose gentlemen who are more
conversant than 1 am with th<; resources of
the neighboring States.
Accompanying this Report is a map of
the Country between Cheraw and the navi.
g ddc waters of the WY.ccamaw river,
wnicli I have combined from The District
* An average number ??f H> passengers per
day were raiHisported on tbe ^owi: C.irolnra
Hn:' K )?d. d,:r:.::g tbe.vtw I "*'<"? ! :
V
X ' ' V
' imps, making such corrections and ad.dii
tions as came under my observation,-and
was suggested to mc by* individuals con.
versaut with the country!
. I wi'h pleasure take this opportunity to
tender my thanks to 'the gentlemen, who,
' , t O , ; * j
by li.eir pobte attentions,- much facilitated
my operations while engaged in the Keconnoissance.
.
I have, sir, the honor to be, ' - *
\ our verv obedient servan%
EDYV'D. B. VVIIITELife
Mattrasses.?A Most Important
Invention.?A more valuable invention
tor the saving of human life, than Macintosh
s Life Mattrass, has never been
brought before the American public,and we
congratulate the ingenious inventor, as well I
8n i i ii ?. I
as ail <1Q UQWI) Willi onijja uuu uiv: jiiuui i
deep, upon the perfect success of the ex-!
periment which was made in the Delaware
ycaicrday afternoon.
About four o'clock, a party of thirty gen
tleman repaired on board the Citizen steamboat,
where t hoy .found the inv^n'or, Mr.
Macintosh, in readiness with his mattrass?
an invention, by the way, of the simles'
as well as of the most efficient character.
The Citizen then" put off into the middle of
the stream. Mr. AJ. unfolded the mattrass,
which is exactly suited tor tlie berths in a
ship or steam packet. It forms a double
fold, between which falls a hag somewliat
in the shape of a small boat, having in its
bo'toni, two cases for the legs, resembling
"trowsers. Mr.. M. having got into the bag
and placed his legs in the cases or trow.
sers?the work of a few seconds?boldly
I jumped overboard,'and floated down with
| the tide, resting in a half sitting and half re.
cumbcnt position in his excellent life-hoat.
|' Ho left the Citizen and made a voyagej
of at least half a mile before he was taken
up again ; sufficient to prove, beyond the
possibility of doubt?the infallible ultility of
! his invention. As the mattrasses are. principally
stufled with b'air, and the bag and
leggings are not water-proof, no danger can
! ans^ from their being partially torn ; and
| we are convinced, from the action of the
i Life Mattrass or Boat, as she passed over
j the swell caused by the steamer, that she j
i would live in a heavy sea, as well in a calm J
! water. In ouropinian, none of the Kuro
i i n i/_ ?.:?i . i
pean or otner pacKeis snouiu uc wimoui
thsse niattrusscs; and more particularly
would they be serviceable on the waters of
the Mississippi, where accidents from fire
and snags, are of such constant occurence.
?Phil Inquirer.
Earthquake.in Syria,
i Extract of a letter to the Editor of the Charles
j ton Observer from the Rev. John F. Launeau,
j formerly of Charleston, Missionary of the
American Boird; dated. Jerusalem Jan. 2i
| 1337.
I In Naples, Acre, Nassarefh, Swur, Sidon,
Beyroot, Mount Lebanon, Tiberias, and.
! Suffer, the greatest injury has been sustain-!
led. lu the latter towns, as mentioned in
i my last under date of the 12tli inst. the
destruction of property and lives has been
awful. In Tiberias a number of houses
have fallen, and several hundred lives-' lost.
; But in Sallet, about 30 miles North of it,
j the whole town isony heap of ruins, and at
| the*least calculation, three thousand jxrsons
have been crushed to death. Tin's town
' vju mav perhaps be aware, was one of the
r i 1
I tour places winch the Jews- cons uereu
-s-cicrcd or hofi/ in this country,' viz: Jerusalem,
Hebron. Tiberias, Saffet. It has derived
ifs sanctity from the fact, that several |
u f their great Doctors of the law, who lived (
in tiie time of the second Temple, are said ,
to have been buried there. For years if J
not centuries, they have had a Univesity!
there for the education of their Rabbies, of I
whom there were usually a number from i
i different countries in Europe. For sotiiei
time past also, "there was a Hebrew and
Arabic press in operation among them, and
j on the whole, it was as .celebrated among
the Jews fur its peculiar sancfity, as ?t was
di-itiiKTiiisliprl (ni* its snlendid situation, com
, ?...... -r; ? -i _ f
i mandmg from its lofty position the whole
! country around. It lias been supposed
j by some commentators and travellers
| to be the "City set on a hill,v which the
| Saviour had in view, when, in his Sermon
| on the Mount of Galilee, he compared his
disciples to such a "town which could not
i he hid." The. Jews have a notion that
their Mesisah will reign here forty * years
before he will take up his residence in Je!
rusalem." What effect this dreadful catas1
trophc will have upon their faith, remains
| to be seen. The calamity has fallen most
: severely upon their nation, as a large prol
portion ofthe inhabitants were their kinsman
| according to the flesh. As soon as the
! intelligence, was received here, messengers
; and individuals with.money, food and clothI
ing, were despatched to relieve the sufferj
ings ofthe whetched survivors. A subscription
was also opened in Beyroot, and
; a large supply of the necessaries of life,
j and medioinee were forwarded, in charge
j of the Rev. Win. M. Thomson, one of our
i Missionaries, and Mr Caiman, a converted
Jew and Missionary to the Jews in Syria
and Palestine. We have not yet received
their report, but a Jewish friend returned to
day from a visit there and says that the sufferings
of the survivors have been distresi
Unt./v..,] i?a.icnn> \f.mu have died
U'.N U1IU IllViUOUl^.
i tor want of clotliiug and food, and others
: from their bruises and wounds, and the
' number of the dead yet beneath the ruins
are so great, that they are apprehensive
that unless soon relieved they may occasion
a pestilence. One difficulty in the
way of their speedy removal is the abomi- i
nable regulations of their goverment. When |
I sucli a public calamity occurs, the law is
' that a s one must not bemoved before an order
from Sultan or Pasha, and the arrival of-a
proper officer of goverment, as one half of
j the ruined property is confiscated to the
: powers that be. You can readily imagine
j the effects of such an outrageous violation
! of the laws' of humanity; but this is but a
' specimen of the character of the goverment
| which Iras reduced one of the finest coun!
tries on the globe to barrenness and desola.
* < *
i-tion,
on- place? Tjigjt tar. ^-t:F.a
-* -. . ? - & \ y ->
. : " " ~ ;-T jM
' Church full on the inhabitants while they ft
were at prayers, and destroyed about two .* *
hundred of them. They were Maronites . ? d
or Roman CathoJcs. Language is unable . '
to depict all the horrors of such scenes,
and -the distres attending them. What. . r *
must be the feelings of those who had esca- \
[)ed destruction when they think of the fate of '
those who were* near and deaf to th'em.?*
Parents weeping over their ehildren, and \
children mourning the loss of their parents. . '
Husbands deploring the aw fal death of their J
wives and wives that of their husbands?
and perhaps some of them almost wishing
tha* their own miseries had been ended in
the same grave. " ^
. I had often read of similar scenes, but
never, my dear brother, have they come so. ; f
near to me as at present. Never shall I -4
forget my feelings when the massive stone
walls of our Mission house shook like the . _
leaves of the "forest; and threatened every ^ moment
to bary us under their ruin*. . We . * .
, had no place to which we could flee for.
i safety. Our house had two yards attached t
t # V if 1 ? lt*n A I r\ Pi .. n .1 .1. ^4 maa! L ..1 - * ? 'I
11. II naa juuy unu ITIO sirt'JBl ueiow
was only six of eight feet wide, and the dan-'
ger there was greater than within. ToGod
alone could we look; and in that mo-- *
ment of unutterable emontions,'we tried to
cast.ourselves on his Almighty arm, and
blessed be his name, He interposed in our
behalf, and said to the heaving earth "be
still." % You can* better imagine than'-I describe
our feelings, when that mandate was
obeyed' and we were permitted tQ return to
the' room from which.we.had fled in terror.
In the evening we sat down to the'table- of V-*
the Lord, and endeavdufed to sustain our* - ^
sinking spirits with .the memorials OF tlie . ' mi
Saviour's iove. May my life thus mercfc . . V*;;
j fully preserved, he devoted more entirely,to
i his service. GENERAL
JAGKSOMS LETTER'S TO *.
THE EDI TOR OF THE GLOBE. \ -;
Hermitage, July i>, 1837.
i u. Now is tjje lime to separate the Gov|
ernment front all banks?receive and dis-.
burse the /eventie i h NOTHING BUT
GOLD AND SILVER'COIN, and the
circulation ofourcoin through all public
disbursements will regulate the currency
forever hereafter?keep the Government
free, front all embarrassment, whilst it leaves
| the commercial Community to trade- upon
! its own capital, & the banks to commod-y
ate it w ith such * cxchance and credit, as .
: best suits their own interes's?BOTH BE
L\G MONEY-K1A&1NG CONCERNS,
DEVOID OF PATRIOTISM, LQOK1NG
ALONE TO THEIR OWN IN.
TEREST, -REGARDLESS OF ALL
OTHER. It has been and ever will be a
CURSE to the Government to have ANY
entanglement or INTEREST with either,
I or more than a general superintending cure
! of nil. But the commercial community
! hitherto has been fostered by the Governi'menf.to
the great" injury of the labor ^f the
: couiitry, mrii tne mercantile aristocracy,
combined with the banks, have assumed
! the right to control and manage the Government,
as thc:r paticular interest requires,
regardless of the rights of the great dcmo;
cracy of numbers, 'who they believe ought
! to be, and they are dolcrtniucd they shall
j be, hewers o'f wood and drapers of water.
I repeat, that 1 am proud to seethe FIRM '
| and NOBLE stand taken by thoEXECU'T1VE
GOV ERN MENT on this occasion.
The people are wi:h it, and will support
1 it triumphantly.
" The history of the world never has re.
corded such BASE TREACHERY" and 4
PERFIDY" as has been committed by the
DEPOSITE BANKS, against the Gov.
erurnent, and purely with the view of gratifying
Biddle and the Barings, and by the
suspension of specie payments, degrade,
1/1 thoi r nu/n
v;uiuaii^0O) uuu lUiiif mvj vvuim *??w* ^ * ?
j counry, for -the selfish views- of making
large profits by throwing out millions of dopreciated
paper upon the people?selling
j their specie at large premjgpis, and buying
up their own paper at disccunts of from 20
j to 50 percent, and looking forward to be in|
dulged in these speculations for years to- \
come, before they resume specie payments."
[private.]
[. HERMITAGE, July 23,1837. / >
My Dear Sir :?I have just received'
the Globe of the 13th, am pleased todiscovv ;
erfrom it and other papers the democracy
are uniting upon the plan of separating the
i Government from corporations of all kinds,
: and to collect the revenue keep and disburse .
it, by thei- own agents. This alone can
secure safety to our revenue, and control
over issues of paper by the State banks.
' This revenue, reduced to the real wants of
j the Government, payable in GOLD AND
j SILVER, COIN, (NO CREDITS,) to be'
i disbursed by the Government in GOLD
1 AND SILVER, will tjive us an UNTD?V1.
1 ATING METALLIC CURRENCY, pre.
| vent hereafter overtrading, and give pros;
perity to all brandies of business ; whilst the
banks and the commercial community wj! 1 i
be left to manage their exchanges, and al l * : '
' matters between them in their own way.
! I hope and trust that the whole democr^c\ !
of the whole Union will unite in adoptipjj/rr
1 these measures and the demoracy of nun.
I bers will never have another contest will*
j the aristocracy of the few and their papn ^
: credit system, upon which they at present
j rely to rule the country.
I hope no Treasury notes will be issued.
The Treasury drafts upon a^ial depos:?e.
arc constitutional, and do not partake of pa- '
per credits as Treasury notes, which me
subject to DEPRECIATION by TJ.K
MERCHANTS AND BANKS AND
SHAVERS AND BROKERS; and will
; be issued, and the Government cannot
avoid it. Different must it be with Trca.
| sury drafts drawn upon actual deposits and,
| from the conduct of the baiiks and the MEP?
; CHANTS, they d*skrve.no favours
from the Government, which they I avo
attempted to disgrace, and to destroy i:*
credit, both at home and abroad. It ivth<?, ?v
great working class deserves protection
from the frauds of the banks. ^ ~ . *
Height of Nonsense.?For two tn u ;
t.composed of real flesh and blood to f=tui U A
up like two targets, to bo skotat uppp
:l horitrr.