Cheraw gazette. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1835-1838, May 03, 1837, Image 1
m. macleax, editor & rropun-toe. CIIERAW, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAI 2, 1831. \ol. 11. xo. 2*.
. _ 1 "HHTtll rwr 1HT? lltiM I HI i l>l r HUM I illMllir ? -mr rwtn I If? - mam
MMrfMn ; i?H *t nawrta??'
t 3: is ?i s.
It* paid within three mouths, . - - 3. 00
1; paid within three mouths after the close ^
ol the year, - - - - - * - - 3. ,?0
It' paid within twelve months after the
close of the year, *) M
If not paid within tiuit time, 0(1
A company often jiersous taking the paper a
the same Post Otlice, shall he entitled to it at
provided filenames bo forwarded together, ?n
companied by the money.
No paper to be discontinued but at he optio;
of the Editor till arrearages are paid.
Advertisements inserted for To cents persquar
or loss the llrst time, and 3? * for each subseoucn
insertion.
Persons sending in advertisements an' requii
ed to specify tiie number of times they are to b
inserted; otherwise they will be continuedti
ordered out, and charged accordingly.
IirThe Postage must be paid on all coniinu
nications
Scalding Hogs.?It is said that to dij
hogs into cold water immediately befor
they are immersed in the hot, makes thehai
and bristles come out wiiii greater case, ani
prevents them from "se:tiug.M
The Wo rcester Palladium says it is chsu
per to fatten hogs with oats, if they arc cu
when just ripe, as two crops may be pro
cured, and they areas good as corn.
BUTTER.
The following remarks upon the raanu
facture and preservation ol Butter, wen
written by the conductor some three o
four years ago. With some slight altera
tions, they are now submitted to the read
crs of the Cultivator, as containg the mos
essential rules to be observed in the man
agement of this important household art
Butter is one of the staple production
of our State; and every hint that serve
to improve its quality, must he useful.?
There are various methods of makin
butter, as from new milk, lobhered mill
and cream ; and there is certainly a grea
diversity in its quality. The cause of thi
difference may partially be owing to th
season, the feed and the breed of the cows
but most is owing to management. On
dairy women are very much like tliei
good husbands, apt to be somewhat con
ceiled, too wise to loai n, and generally be
lieve their own mode the best, and neve
suspecting that philosophy or science cai
have any sort of connection with thi
humble branch of household labor. A1
seem to be agreed, however, upon the fo!
lowing points:
1. That cleanliness is the first rcqui
site, for many and very obvious reasons.
2. That every sort of liquid should b
separated from the batter?because il sue
is suffered to remain, it soon become
rancid, and taints the mass.
8. That the salt used to preserve i
should be pure, because bad salt will no
keep i: sweet?roek salt, and that produ
Kir cn'r?r hr?:mr
best.
4. That 110 more salt be used than i
necessary to render the butler pulatablcall
excess being injurious to the taste, an
aa imposition upon the buyer.
5. That the vessel in which it is packe
should bo incapable of imparting to it an
bad flavor?wood abounding in pyroligni
acid, & red earthen warebcing improperthe
firstgiviuga bad taste, and the latter,b
reason of the decomposition of the glazin*
which contains lead, being in a measnr
poisonous.
6. That when packed, the external ai
should be wholly excluded from the bu'
ter?because the air soon induces rancid
?y.
Our dairy women have added two othc
rules, which they deem all important to th
preservation of good butter, but which
am induced to think are but little know
and less practised, viz *
7. That no water be suffered to com
in contact with the butter in any stage c
the process?because it tends to lessen th
essential volatile matter which gives th
butter its rich peculiar flavor.
8. To have the sJt incorporated wit
the butter in the first operation of worl
ing, and after an interval of twenty-loi
? -i i i. ji_
nours, to apply again me uuiier tame uu
til the whole of the liquid is expelled, b
this operation the salt is dissolved and e
fcctuallv bleuded with the butter, whic
is freed more effectually from buttermill
And iLZ will add two other rules, viz:9.
When the cream is employed,
should be somewhat sour, though n(
.stale, as in this state the butter more reac
ily separates from the serous or cbces
matter.
10. That the temperature of the crean
when submitted to the churning proces
should not be below 52, nor above 6
degrees?a lower temperature rendcrin
the separation difficult, anJ a higher on
essentially impairing the quality of th
butter. A thermometer with a slidin
guage, adapted to this and other househol
purposes, will co*t $2 or $2 50. Th
temperature may be regulated withoi
bringing water in contact with the crean
by setting the churn in a tub of watei
either hot or cold, us may bo required t
change tiie temperature of the cream.
We sat down to write merely an intrc
duction to two tables, which wo areubot
to copy, and which indicate the tempera
ture at which cream may be most advai:
taseously wrought into butter. It may b
said that these will serve but little pui
pose, as a thermometer is seldom seen i
a dairy house; yet it will show the impoi
tancc of keeping one.
Tbc Highland Society of < cotland u!
A l'ered a premium on experiments cn th
^ temperature at which butter can be bci
ft procured from cream. The following ?.y
blei shew th*n result ct* a ear; of ' cv.cx
i pcrinicnts. The detail may be found in
j vol. vii. of the Society's transactions, [>.
111)4 to -01.
c.( -u ? I
v. > _ w
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. t ~ x r ? 5.o
i, i cl Etv. EO ;
t ! * * i- - .wl 2 '
::oci ?s
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, I tn ?< vi i< ~ '
U x o
V. ?.
'I ft ^
-i Ci ci wi g c
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tv WV ?* "v? C ~'
y. X- X
i X
i . !
i ! ? ?? c a* <c
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I occcccxoc.f I 3 <C
f' ' ? T.
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X
m xix c ? 5^
e I ?: a.
r | OBSERVATIONS.
- ; 44 The butter produced in the first ex
; pcrinient was of the very best quality,
t j bvinjj rich, firm and well tasted.
*4 The second experiment yielded butter
: j of a good quality, and not perceptibly ins
! ferior to the former,
s ' *' In the third experiment, butter of a
- | good quality was obtained, but of an infe5
j rior consistency.
k I 44 The fourth experiment produced soft
it and soonev butter.
s j " The butter produced in the fifth ex.
e ! pcrimcnt was decidedly inferior in every
! respect to any of the former specimens."
r |
r o |> c :i o o
r i 3 i. .u. 0 ^ ^ o
i-j 11?-at of air at
ri I
il , tr
. f-H
s \\ i ot cream. c^S 3 -1 j,
'1 o w w 2
i i i
I
1 Time of churn = ^
e ' I ing. c? 9 2 = jH
h j h ;> c? r: ^ ?
s ,
o
' X
T C2 -r: n s n s
. ~ . c o o o
1 ! >. ^ -r ao cl n o
H 1 -H o"" 5 ^
?
- t- , x tr. tn x *r v> vj
g 3 N -< ? =2 -? =5 =2
J C ~ O O CO L"5 o o
p-H r?i r-* -*
s
i Degrees of heat
-1 j when butter ???525
"! came.
i - - 1
d i 1 nulla nf , _ __ _ -
I ivu v? O O s3 w w
v cream. *"* *"* *"* '""1
c i
- -fci
v Heat of cream. gggggg
, K C f ij) O C
c I " IJ II n 0) ?>
Date. g tc I
| - O 3 * I
ir: *~i O <t
_ < N umber. 1~l ci ? ^ d t*
; No. 1, shows the greatest quantity of
T butter produced by the above heats.
0 So. 2, the best quality of the butter,
j i No. 3. the fine flavor and quaiity of this
i J l
n , Duller couia nui uc sui pa>aL-u.
No- 4, the quality soft, white and mil- j
e, fey-.
)t" No. 5, quality injured by long churn10!
in?.
c ; No. 6, quality most excellent, high in
i colour and flavour, and solid as wax.
h From the experiments, as shown in
^ j both tables, it would appear, that the propir
or temperature at which to commence
; churning butter, is from 50 to 55, and that
y j at no time in the operation ought it to ex-'
f. I ceed 65 or fall below 50.? Cultivator.
h I
Letters on the Origin and Progress of Pe_j
lagian Views in New-England, from a
it i distinguished New.England minister of
)t i the Gospel, to one in the South. Publishj
cd in the Southern Christian Herald.
' 1 EXTRACTS FROM
I LETTER IX.
i,1 On the 1 Oth of September, 1S33, a cons,1
vention of ministers was held in East
2 ! Windsor, to take into consideration the exio
pediencv of estabiishing anew Theological
e Seminary in Connecticut. This was a very
ie interesting meeting. Two days were
(r I spent in prayerful deliberation, during j
j | which time, the great Head of the Church, j
1(} seemed to grant them special tokens of his j
u presence. There appeared to be an unitj
sual spirit of prayer. Nothing like a spir- j
r' it of party was apparent in their delibera0'
tions; but great spirituality and harmony
' of feeling pervaded the meeting. Sens;.
b!e ot' the responsibility resting upon them,
]t they acted in the fear of God. 41 The
great and all-absorbing inquiry was, what
do the honor of God, and the intcress of
.. i his kingdom demand? Thev were una::t
1 . O
i lmous in their result, r'uuy satisfied that
; they had discovered the path of duty, they
' resolved to go forward in the strength of
: the Lord."' Accordingly, they organized
r ' themselves into a Pastoral Union, formed a
A* constitution, and appointed a Board of
<? * 7ri|.,;^"- ^hortlv after, the Truces pro.
't CCL':h'i h. ' *"' t C'CCt a
^ ,\ .a 10 '-'care tne Institution, tu .
* 4*ci,|ty?anci to provide tlicncccs&;u*v basin.,
* l!y x ? ? 7* j? L ' ? *' ?
casioned bv an attack made upon the Seminary
in a Manifesto from tbo Theological
Professors in Yale College.?I must give
you sot: t account of this .Manifesto.
The llev. Daniel Dow, a member of the
Corporation of Yale College, having been
appointed on a committee to attend the examination
of the Theological School, and
being called upon to make a report to the
Corporation, at their annual meeting in
September, 1 S31, took occasion to object
to some of the doctrines taught in that
School, and to suggest that the Professor ol
Didactic Theology had taught and publislied
sentiments inconsistent with the creed on
which this Professorship was founded.?
This led to some discussion in the Corporation,
to a conference with the Professors,
and to the Manifesto of which 1 have just
spoken. j
It may be proper here to state, that since
1722 until recently, all the officers of Yale
College have been required to declare their
assent to the Confessionof Faith contained
in the Say brook Platform, which is almost
entirely the same as that of the Wcstmin- j
ster divines. But within a few years past, j
the test-law of the College has been repeal-1
cd ; so that now, neither the President nor !
Professors are obliged to give their assent
to any confession of faith, nor are the
Corporation authorized to dismiss them
from office on account of any religious
opinions whatever This applies to
the Theological no less than to the Academical
Professors, with the exception of the
Professor of Didactic Theology. But the
repeal of the test-law could not affect this
Professorship, because there were certain
i if vvrw
SlipUItlllOIlS Willi llIVy IVUUUU,U, ........ (
beyond the power ol the Corporation to re- j
peal. The principal subscribers to the ;
fund, made the following requisition: "Every
Professor who shall receive the income
or revenue of this fund, shall be examined
as to his faith, and be required to make a
written declaration thereof agreeably to the
following, * I hereby declare my free assent
to the Confession of Faith, and Ecclesiastical
Discipline, agreed upon by the Churches
of the State in 1708. (i. c. the Saybrook
Platform.) If at any future period
any person who fills the chair of this Professorship,
holds or teaches doctrines contrary
to those referred to, it shall be the
duty of the Corporation of the College to }
dismiss linn from omco iorinwuu;?uuu u
they do not dismiss him, then we reserve to
our heirs the risjht to demand the severa!
sums which wo have paid, or may
hereafter pay respectively." The Corpoia:iou
after reciting the foregoing in a preamble,
passed the following vote : ' This
Board dotli accordingly found and estublish
in this College, on said fund, a Professorship
of Didactic Theology, on the terms,
conditions, and limitations expresse 1 in said
instrument signed by Timothy Dwight and
others.
It would seem from the foregoing statement,
that the Professor of Didactic Theology
is required to give his unqualified as-1
sent to the Confession of Faith contained j
in the Saybrook Platform. It was so un-!
derstood by .Mr. Dow when he made his 1
report to the Corporation. But the Profesfessors
in their Manifesto, defend the prin- j
* * ' 1 * * i r
c.iple that a subscription to articles 01 lami,
is made only for " substance of doc.
trine. They admit that Dr. Taylor
does hold and teach doctrines contrary to
those contained in the Say brook Platform.
They say moreover, that while Pfofessor
elect, he "had certain knowledge from personal
intercourse with the founders, that
had he embraced every minute doctrine of
I the Confession, it would have been considcred
a decisive disqualification for the
! office." This is certainly a very exrraordi.
nary declaration; and it naturally suggests
several enquiries.
What could be the object of the foun.
ders. to require their Professor to give his
unqualified assent to a creed, and then in.
form him that if he did comply with their
requisition fully and sincerely, they should
consider him disqualified for the office?
Was such a thing ever heard of before 0:1
the face of the globe? Wliv did thev not
prescribe such a creed as they should be
willing to have their Professor subscribe,
ex animo, and without reservation ? Or if
it was their intention that assent should be
given to the creed on!v "for substance of
C* . *
doctrine," why did they not say so? And
it Dr. Taylor intended to give his assent
only "for substance of doctrine," why did
he not say so? If he had informed the
Corporation, that he could not give an unqualified
assent to the creed, and if the
Corporation had been authorized by the
founders to accept, and had actually accepted
of a qualified assent, the case would be
(iitTerent. But it does not appear that the
Corporation are authorized to accept of any
[ but are unqualified assent; and so far its
I appears, the assent given by Dr. Taylor
! was unqualified. And is the doctrine to be
maintained and defended, that when persons
give their assent to Confessions of
Faith in the most solemn manner, and in
| the most unqualified Vmguage, they are not
to be understood as meaning what they
I o *
i affirm?
Besides?"On what is this ProfessorshiD
i
I founded, and lor what cause are the Cor:
poration required to dismiss the Professor
I from office? The founders, so far as api
pears from their statutes, make it the duty
; of the Corporation to dismiss the Professor
I from office, if he holds or teaches doctrines
I contrary to those contained in the Platform.
Yet it is admitted that the present Professor
does hold and teach doctrines contrary to
j those above referred to. But it is con;
tended, that lie is not liable on this account,
, to impeachment, because lie had "certain
: knowledge from personal intercouse with
; the founders", that it is their will that he
',? t ...vf ?;? >* !? i!*v*tre!C"? c "o'rr v*'?
the Confession to which they have require
I his free assent in the most unouulifie
terms. What then is the creed by whic
this Profeasor is bound? Is it the Saybroc
Pla'Drm, "for substance of doctrine?"But
this not mentioned by the founder
And if we may suppose it to have bee
so understood, how is it to be ascertains
what is implied in subscription to aerec
"for substance of docjrine?" How muc
may oc rejected, and still the substance I
retained ? Who shall draw the line, an
and vherc shall the line bo drawn.
But 1 have still another question in re!;
tion to tiiis subject. Can a person be trul
said to receive a Confession of Faith " fc
substance of doctrine," whe? in his vie
that confession contains the most destrue
ivo errors? According to Dr. Taylor, tf:
Say brook Platform contains principle
which lead by legitimate consequence I
"the verv worst of heresies"?"i
universal1s3i, to inf1delitv a?*d to ath1
MrUt/Ui invnlrp flip nn<
id.u, ?-Ul Ui^ll'iVO II IIIVII IIIIVIII'
tions Willis a good thing"?"good in i
self?Ac.
* * * *
In this Manifesto, as I liavc already r<
marked, the Professors take notice of tl
establishment of the Seminary at Ea
Windsor, and endeavor to make the in
pression that the founders and friends <
the new institution are laboring under ad<
lusion in supposing that any important e
rors are taught in the New Haven School
and tiiat under the influence of this deli
sion, they have gone forward to establis
a Seminary which is not called for, ar
ought not to b patronized by tl
christian public. This attack called fori
the Appeal of the Trustees, which I ha\
already mentioned. To this Appeal, tl
Professors repliod in a manner, and with
spirit, which did them little credit. Abo;
the same time the Rev. -Mr. Dow publisbc
a pamphlet, the object of which, is to sho
l?, .lnk Vnit. fTn,*r>n TlivInitV. It
ttliai 13 tuu 1 1UIV11 ^ . , ...... .
made up of extracts from the writings <
the New Haven divines, together with son
short comments, suited to show the nutui
and tendency of their doctrines. Tli
book is very useful to any one who \vish<
to ascertain what the new divinity of No
England is, without looking over the vai
ous publications in which it has been taug
for the last eight or ten years.
1 am Yours, very affectionately,
KEEP COOL?KEEP COOL.
44 Over the heat and fire of blood
44 Sprinkle cool patience."
A singular and most unnecessary admon
o # ?
tion this, you will say, with the tliermomet
ranging about zero, and wood at se\*en dt
lars ? About the greatest difficulty ju
now ;s to keep warm. But stay, not so fa
my gentle reader. What 1 mean to advi
is?keep thy tcmp?r cool?and thou ma
est warm thy feet and nose as opportuni
offers.
; One of die greatest mistakes that a sen.'
( ble man or woman uvcr tuiiiuiiD, i? ^
! warm?excited?irritated. It is surnrisii
what a little friction produces heat. Ri
| your hands together and they arc hot direi
I ly?a couple of dry frosty sticks may
made to burn jn the same manner. A
just so with the temper?rub it hard agaii
any thing and it blazes directly and then i
say things that we had better not have sa
and do thines that wc had better not ha
c
done.
Well, let us talk about the matter.
We hear a great deal said about has
tempers?quick tempers?and irritable tei
pors?And people seem to treat these thin
us natural defects?unfortunate weakm
when the fact is that every thing depends i
on the way the temper is schooled and trued.
There is a difference among men
admit?some are naturally moro cold a
pnlegmatic than others- But you will
much mistaken if you suppose that you c
{judge of the natural temperament of m
by their conduct always. On the contra
you will find in many instances, that m
| once hot. tesiy, and overbearing, Decor
! iiabituaily cool, uniformly mild. They d
i cover the weak point in their characters, a
| so constantly guarJ that point, that ha
I eventually becomes ' second nature," a
J the change that you see takes place.
Let me give you some rules for kecpi
j cool?and if they do not succeed, it will
because you don't give them a lair trial.
1. To keep cool?you must make a po
to be sure you are m the right?whethei
be a matter of business or a matter ofar*
ment, or a point of etiquette. There
nothing that rubs so hard against the te
per, as to find yourself unexpectedly in i
wrong. Examine your way well befc
you attempt to travel it?take care that ii
so straight that you see the end before y
1 set out. And then.
2. (io quietly 011. If you have an ar?
j meat on hand, dont rise from your se
I your temper will rise with you?Do
| stretch out your hand or it is half over w
lift- tin v/y>r VOiCe. Or YO'J ?1
J ^ U ivv-'i i u i tiii U|y r
i gone. That's what I mean by " quietK
! D'J you ever notice the (act, that if you ke
1 your nerves composed, and your voice up
its lowest key, you never get angry ? ll
so?there is just that arrangement bet we
; the physical and moral powers?-just so t
{ one acts unon the other.
| d. It'it be possible?keep?deterini
: to keep?hi a good humour. Some m
1 try to keep down their tempers by laughii
through a discussion or difficulty?But t
laugh will occasionally degenerate into
sneer, and ihen the effort at good humor
seen to be rather a laughable uflair. I
does tnis seem like begging the question
; squints a little that way I confess?But;
there is something in it. Yon grant me t!
vou feel in a good humor sometimes. \\
yjs'dien le' run ask yo.i, if it isn't a v,
:d comfortable tooling?and if you are not con- j
;d vinced that it would bo an excellent attain- j
:h meet always to feel so. It'you can't grant
ik me this?owhy then there is not inyournu?
ture, a ho k to hang one chance ofrcformas.
tion on.
in Well, now, you are in a good humor.-1
:d Will you be so good as to tell me what use i
:d there is in getting angry ! 1 think I have !
:h you with that question. Do your debtors ;
>e run awav?will vour anger catcli them ?
9 9 O
id Doos your business go wrong?will it go '
right if you get in a passion '! Can't you ]
i- pay your debts?will any creditor give you
ly a receipt in full, for vour ill-nature ! Docs
* *
>r your wife scold?your children cry?or
w vour neighbor abuse you-?will vou mend
t- the matter by getting cross about it ? No
ie ?you will only make yourself unhappy?
:s and your condition worse by it. Then 1
to say keep in a good humor.
'0 But once more?thev have a phrase '
s- down east, as familiar as a household word?
1- 1 like it. It is "calculate." And whenevt*
er a case arises in which you see a possibility
of"losing your temper" as we have it?
or " finding more of it than is neccssarv for
o >
2- the time?-just calculate, about as long as
w you could count ten, whether the occasion
st is worth the quarrel?whether the game
1- w.ll pay for the powder?and even if it will,
of then whether the powder will fetch the game,
2- is another question :o be solved.
r* By a little observation and attention to
1; this subject, its importance and the utility j
J- of the rules proposed, I think will become i
?h manifest. 1 commend them, reader to your I
'd consideration.?Trenton True American.!
th
Remarks of Mattiiew IIkmiy.
When we are about God's work we arc j
^ under special protection. God is with us, j
while we are uith bim; and if he be for us j
>(j who can be against us.
The comfort which saints have in holy
ordinances, is not so much from Bethel, the
3f house of God, as from KUbethc.l, ike uoa
je ?f h?usere
God will appear to them in a way of
js grace that attend?on him in awav of,
is duty.
w There arc many who are more solid-1
.j. tous to preserve their reputation who men,1
than to secure the favour of God anJ a j
conscience. Lest we be shamed, goes fur- J
ther with them than, lest we be damned, j
,
TIIE SEARG2AXT S WIFE.
It was night. The soldiers in both the |
hostile armies were hushed in quiet slum- j
hers, and no sound was heard, save the
sentinel's measured tread, and the occasion-j
al cry, "AIV$ well.'1
^ A muffled form approached. "Who j
comes there?" demanded the sentinel, j
st "A friend," answered a timid voice softly.
"Advance," said the sentinel,"and give
v the parole." The same soft and timid voice
-* cni,i renlied thesenlin
{v a.w.x.. ' ~ I
* el, ''Love is not the parole; you cannot pass;
j it would be more than mv life is worth to
t let you puss.' "Indeed!" exclaimed the
1 ? stranger, "tis' cruel not to let a sergeant's
Lib w'fe l)ass t0 ta^e' Per')aPs? a 'ast farewell
of her husband. I beseech you, sir, let
? me pass. The battle, you know, is cxpecncj
ted to-morow; it may be the last night I
lst can overspend in my husband's company;
ve and I have travelled forty miles to see him.',
:j 'No more. I can't let you pass." ** Nay,
' sir, bu'hear me one moment. Have you
a wife that loves you with all her heart?
If she should leave her babes, and walk for.
,t tv miles just to see you the night before a
' battle, ar.d ""I*ass, friend?all's
well!"
S
Follow i!iat fond, devoted heart to her
' husband's pillow on the cold ground. Ho?
; starts to lind her mere, but presses her ten.
j derly to his bosom, and enquires anxiously
nt| for the the little ones she has left behind,
e They talk of the lew fleeting years they
had spent together in wedded love, before
cn war had dragged him from his home, and
rv the wife weeps bitterly, as she thinks of the
en morrWThe
hours of night steal hastily away.
jg The dawn forces Laura to bid her bus.
nj band farewell; and as she retires with the
kjt fondest messages for the little ones at home,
j thesignal is given for the soldiers to prepare
for battle.
nfT It was, indeed, her last farewell. She
withdrew, but lingered near the scene, and
watchedjfrom a neighboring hill,every movejnt
ment of the two armies, till the battle cans.
jt ed and all was quiet once more. The
PLU shades of night hang in gloom over the
'jg battle-ground, and forbid all search for the
wounded, the dying, or the dead. Morn
he | approaches; and with its earliest dawn,
)ro Laura with a throbbing heart, wanders
js { over that field of slaughter to see ifshecan
ou j discover the father of her babes among the
slain. Alas it is too true. There he lies,
PU< all covered with go re. She sinks upon his
'aj bosom m a swoon and rises no more.
n?t Children, what if that father, that mother
Ith had been your own? Teacher, what shall
tre j save you and yours from a similar fate?
Blessed bo (Hod, for the gospel of peace!
Cp j Send this peaceful principle through the |
on world, and wars shall be no more.?S. S.
js Visiter. j
en
he 33ipobt.\nt '.xve.xt.'On. j
Philosophers have long known the power
nc of tlie magnet, and many have been their
en attempts to apply tit power to the propuln?
sion of machinery, but heretofore all these
he attempts have been vain and fruitless. The
a great difficulty has been that when attached
' is to the poles of the magnet, the needle or
Jut iron became stationary; to neutralize the at!
It j tractive power, ?r to cut it oil* at the point
yet! of maximum attraction, has been often at* j
hat i tempted, but in vain, and the turning this
'ell i power to any useful purpose in mechanics
ry had cJme be considered al *;* as
blc as the discovery oi perpetual motion,
when a Mr. Davenport, a simple blacksmith
of Vermont, succeeded i.. discovering the
long sought for secret ofehuugiug ti*e poles
of the magnet, so that at the instant it arrives
at the point where hat lor its poies
being changed it becomes stationary, tins is
aecsmplished, and repulsion immediately
takes place. The j>oles can thus he changed,
if necessary, ten thousand times a
minute, so that attraction and repulsion instantaneously
succeed each oilier und p.-i pel
the machine.
We saw in New York, the other day, a
smv.il machine about the size of a man's hatr
put in operation which raised a twenty-four
pound weight, one foot per minute. Tim
machine is of the most simple kind imaginable,
being merely an upright shaft with
four arms of equal length, made ol soft
iron; around these shafts are two semicircular
magnets together forming a circle, but
kept separated. The shafts, were magnetized
by a current of galvanism, are of
i i . _ _ _ i _
course strongly aurijcieu 10 me poies ui
the surrounding magnets, and like the net-'
die, will turn round till they arrive at the opposite
poles. At this poiut the poles are
instantaneously changed, and, as we before
observed, repulsion takes the place of attraction,
and vice versa. Thus the revolution
of the arms and the shaft are kept up,
with a power and velocity corresponding,
with the election magnet power.
The galvanic battery from which the
stream is produced may, for a pretty large
machine, he contained in a quart cup, and
this is ail the U:e| necessary to propel the
machine.
Should the inventor of this mode <f implying
magnetism to the propulsion of machinery
be able to increase 'die power with
a corresponding increase of the size of the
machine, and we can sec no reason why
this is not entirely practicable, the invention,
is most unquestionably destined to supercede
the use of both steam and water pow.
er; us the expense of running it is nothing,
there is not the leas: danger attending it,
and it is so simple that a boy of ten years
old cuu take charge of and regulate it. As
the weight of the machine, in proportion tt*
its power, is much less than that of a steam
engine, and as the galvanic battery necos- ,
sarvtothc engine of two hundred horsepower
would not occupy a space of more
than two feet square, we cannot see why,
in case the pow er can be increased with the
increase of machinery, it may not be applied
to propelling vessels over every part of "the
wide expanse of illimitable waters," and.
thus effect what has long been "a consummation
devoutly to be wished," short uud
certain passages to Europe and other parte
of the world.?Philadelphia Herald.
OcZOLAy THE INDIAN WAJtBIOS.
EY N. 31. COHEN.
Tiiis gifted individual is about thirty years
of age, live feet ten inches high, rather slender
than stout, elegantly formed-of remarkable
lightness of limbs, yet capable of iron
endurance, something of the Apollo and
Hercules blended, or rather the easy grace,
stealthy step and active spring of the tiger.
His grandfather was a Sctchman. His.
grandmother and mother were full-blooded
1 ' C ? L..J*
Indians, ins minor wusui course a uu.,?
breed; and Oseolu is therefore a quarterblood
or one-fourth, which bis complexion
and eves indicate, being much lighter than
those of the Indians generally. When Conversing
on topics agreeable to him, his
countenance manifests more the disposition
of the white than the red man. There is u
great vivacity in the play of his features, and
when excited, his lace is lit up by a thousand
fires of passion, animation and energy. If is
nose is Grecian at its base, and would be
perfect Phidean, but that it bocomes slightly
arched. There are indomitable firmness
and w ithering scorn in the expression tt"
his mouth, though the lips are tremulous
from the intence emotions which seem ever
boiling up within him. About bis brow,
care and toil have traced their channels anticipating,
on a youthful face, the havoc and
the furrow work ol lime.
To those who have known Oscolak)n?,?
iiis lame does not appear as a sun-burst, but.
as the ripening fruit of early promised blossoms.
For years past he has enjoyed the
reputation of being the best player and hunter,
and the most expert at running, trrcs-.
teiing, and all other exercises. At such
times as when naked, his figure, wliencc
all superfluous flesh is worn down, exhibits
the most beautiful development of muscle
an J power. He is said to be inexhaustible
at the ball-play, an exercise so violent
that the struggle for mastery has been
known to cause the death of one of tlte
combatants* When this occurs in a con-,
test, the survivor is not punished for murder,
as in all other cases of taking life. On
one occasion, Oseo'a acted as guide to u
paitv of horsemen, and finding that at starting
they proceded slowly, he inquired the
cause. U? being told that it was on his.
account, with one oftbosc smiles wnicii lie
alone can give, lie bode them proceed mor?r
rapidly. They put their spurs to theirsteeds,
and ho, albot, kept up with them during
the entire route, nor tli.i he exhibit the
slightest symptoms of fatigue at the close
of the day, but arrived tit the pditt proposed
as carlv as the mounted body.
Os'*o!a lias two wives as is common
with the Indians, but they are rare Trig*
amists. His two better halves live in per,
feet harmony, having one table in comaion,.
but occupying separate 'lodges.' They arcbotli
young and comely. Due of tliein is
particularly pretty. They yield passivo
obedience to his vigorous intellect and ex.
pressions, which partake 'of the character
i of his mind. His words are very few, bu:
apposite. At the conclusion of the talk,
i 1 have sketched his mien, and manly bear-*
hic. lJ:s address is courteous and affable*