Cheraw gazette. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1835-1838, January 17, 1837, Image 1
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f M. MACLEAN, EDITOR & PROPRIETOR. CIIER AW, S. C., TUESDAY, JANUARY 17, 18:57. vol. ii. no! to. -
t. a. pettegrew, printer.
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Kl HAL I:CONonV.
From the Southern Agriculturist.
iUANA(iE."UE.N T OF CATTLE A.MJ iULUJH twwe
St. Paul's Parish, Nov. 10, 1830.
Mk. Editor,?At your request, I ventun
to appear before lhc public as a scribbler
but when 1 recollect that you assure inc
u it is not the manner, but the matter, tha
vou desire," I feel myself somewhat emboldened
in doing so.
1 can readily appreciate the correctness
of your remarks, wlten you observe, tha
"the attention to stock, and the dairy, con
stitute one ol the chief sources of the plan
tor's comfort and income." This, sir
ought to be the case. Our planters ough
to feel, that to supply themselves with thei
own butter, and their own beef, is not onh
adding to their own interest, but to tha- o
the State also. If they did so, we wouk
not now have to give 18 or 20 cents for ou
meat. Our markets would be better sup
plied, and at a better rate. Put to your re
quest. You ask mc to give you for publi
cation, the result of my experiments, in th<
raising of stock, and in making butter.
In answering your question, I would premise,that
my stock cattle, and my cattle foi
tviilL-inrr ?nv> Lr.-nt o-n.'imf/i i?rwl
MiMLlIX liic; < UIV IV. |'l ' V
Stock t'attif.?These I sutler to run ai
large during the day. Mv range for them
O ? P
is u large savannah, or old riec-field, where
they are kept, with one or two boys or men
minding them. At night they arc driven
home and penned,both winter and summer :
the calves in one pen, the mothers in another.
I separate the calves thus, because
it keeps them From being hurt; and, by
suffering the cow's milk to accumulate
during the night, makes them more fa\ by
taking it from her in that state, in the morning.
In the winter season, I feed I hem at
night with straw or corn-shucks, saved for
the purpose. I always keep my cow.pcns
well littered, and in no instance do I permit
the pens to become boggy and damp, for
want oflcaves or straw. By employing a
part of your force once or twice a month, in
collecting litter for your pen, you will gather,
from even a small nnmbor of cows, manure
enough for all your fields. But every
planter knows this. It is of the management
of mile!) cows, that I would offer a
few hints.
Milch Cows.?A few cows well fed, will
afford more milk than six limes tiie number
indifferently fed. This is not a mere
assertion; it is a fact I have experienced.
A few years ago, out of thirty cows which
I milked, I could not, absolutely, procure
butter enough for family use. Some oi
them gave two quarts of milk, but by far the
greater number gave not half so much.
At that time, I did not feed my cows, but
merely suffered them to pick up what they
could from the fields. For the last four
years I have followed a different course,
and one which has perfectly assured nle ol
the truth ot my position, viz., that a few
cows well fed, will give more milk than six
times their number suffered to feed themselves.
My mode of managing my milch
cows is, to have a separate pen made for
them, in a ivann place, with a good cover
over the pen. I have eight cows kept for
milking. These arc kept in separate stalls,
and are fed twice per day.
I always have a parch of turnips, or ruta
baga, for feeding them, and I steam their
food, in a large pot, kept for the purpose.
All of the potatoes?scraps, and other vegetable
matter on the plantation, may be
cooked lor them. Cows thus led, will yield
milk throughout the entire year; will al
" l i 1
- | Pine; Ited and White Alpine; Bush Al- late
| piti*-- The Aus rian Scarlet is the earliest
| ut known varieiics, and is also of excellent
llavour. The red and white 'Alpine pos
^ sess the advantage of ripening, wlien pro- Ill0:
perly managed, through autumn lill winter; is p
i we have seen a dish of good fruit, picked in.'1
on the first day of December. The bush
1 Alpine possesses the same advantage, and
1 the additional one of not spreading by run
tiers ; it is not, however, a first rate bearer, >
nor is the fruit of the very best quality. des
Propagation.?With the exception of 15,
n the bush Alpine, which is only increased by sini
divisions of the root, all the varieties multi- bee
r ply spontaneously every season, by numcr- is n
ous runners from the parent plant, which, snu
t- rooting and forming a plant at every joint, of\
10 | only require, for the production of fruit in blac
abundance, removal to a bed where they son
t may have room to flourish. Such plants ufa<
will bear the summer succeeding the plant- 40U
? ing, and in the second year will bo in full 50
| perfection. The best way is to supply a day
new plantation, with plants which have been qua
xtaken f|^j> runners andjet jn ntfpt^qrheds Tin
Tffie prcVTous season. Uut wiiere sucn can- uln(
not bo had, those of the present season will con
5 | answer. line
? j Suit (i;id situation.?Strawberries will syri
| grow and produce fruit on almost any soil ly j|
t ; ofmoderate fertility ; but they arc the most thes
j productive on a deep rich loam. They a lc
| should be in an open situation, exposed to rati
5 j the sun and air, and not under trees. The and
i ! Alpine strawberries, however, admit of be- fan
ing placed in a more shady situation, as it self
- I is during the hot and dry season of the year his
? ! that they are intended for hearing; which
t they will not do if allowed to suffer from 1
i* drought; and few are willing to take the eret
>f pains to water them as much as they would umi
f j require. Pnr
i Transphtnling. ?The host time for doing 1" i a
this is in the spring ; but if performed* with Improper
care, tliev succeed nearly if not quite can
as well when transplanted early in autumn, ord<
say in the early part of September. They the
should be well manured and dug, a month sug
before transplanting. The chief care re- shoi
quired when the work is done in autumn, is sitio
to guard against the plants being thrown duc<
out by the irost, which is best euecicu by u.us
t treading the soil closely about the roots. iurtl
i 1 Culture.?The distance of the plan's
I ! asunder, where the soil is rendered sijfii
cicntly fertile, should be, fur tlie larger vai
i rieties, (sucli as Mcthven and Keen's seed- V
: ling,) iwonty inches from row to row and prec
. fifteen incites in the row ; the smaller vari- ach
. cties may be a little nearer together. This exci
dis.ancc may seem too great, but it is much sufli
; better than crowding the plants too closely, keej
which is the more common error. It is nerc
1 only by a Hording sufficient room for the tion
plants to receive the bom ft: of sun, air, and synij
of culture, that the fruit will ripen early, an J of tl
1 acquire a good size and agreeable flavor, of h
Keen, of Isleworth in England, a most sue- the 1
ccssful cuitiva or of this fruit, and who rai. com
scd the celebrated Keen's seedling, says, in the
i speaking of the large distances he adopted A
, in planting,?"these distances 1 find neces- pur]
; sary, for the trusses of fruit in my garden i'ood
ground are frequently a foot lony." The bee
i following is bis method of culture, in his was;
own words : ' After the beds are planted, oper
: I always keep them as clear of weeds as mat*
possible, and on no account allow any crop I est i
to be planted between the rows. I pon the cess
growing of the runners, I have them cut, voul
when necessary ; this is usually three times j *Vcrv
in each season.* In autumn 1 always have men
, the rows dug between; for I Jind it refresh- Carr
es the plants materially ; and I recommend |Css
. to those persons to whom it may be con- 0flj|
venient, to scatter in the spring, very light- anot
ly, some loose straw or long dung between acsti
the rows. It serves to keep the ground NVlie
moist, enriches tiie strawberry, and forms a
' clean bed for the trusses of fruit to lie on ; the i
and thus, by a little extra trouble and cost, neec
a more abundant crop may be obtained, and
A short time before the fruit ripens, I always ]OSo<
cut off the runners, to strengthen the root; crew
and alter iho fruit is gathered, I have what Arti
fresh runners have been made taken off with
i with a reaping-hook, together with the out- ac;h,
side leaves around the main plant, after n()sc
which 1 rake the beds, then hoe them, and cu]^
rake them again. In the autumn, m.less \i
the plants appear very strong. I have some jure
dung dug in between the rows, but if they Uasl
are very luxuriant the dung is not required ; Cons
for m some rich soils it would cause the food
,; plants to turn nearly all to leaf. I also have rc$p
??????u?n?itMM ttmmrrrt n
>r period of the season. But a succession sei
iner fruit than these is produced!)}* cutfing sv.
all tiie flower stems as soon as they begin s";j,
dossoin, from their commencement in the '
ng till t he end of June. By this means a
?t abundant supply of the very finest fruit
roduced from the end of Julv "till frost sets 'oc
* to
no
From the Silk CnUurist. ha
MANUFACTURE OF BEET SUGAR. Hp
A c copy the following from the Journal i
Debuts, a French publication, of April
1836, for the purpose of showing the 5in
plicitv of the process of manufacturing T1'
t sugar, and the little expenditure which i*'1
ccessury to prosecute the business on a snr
ill scale. " Four residents of the village c',:
iVallers, department oft ho North, one a
:ksntith and the other farmers, formed, rer
10 months*since, an association for man- on<
;turing beet root sugar, widi a cajiital of cb!
i francs [$75,00] in ldur equal shares of
francs a piece. They were able, every an|
, to make a loaf of sugar of medium
lity> weighing from -10 to 50 pounds.? ft
i fWlowitfi* ft theil simple mode of man- a['
;turing the sugar. They used curry 1
lbs to rasp the beet roots with, and lPv
I n .1 * <
n Dags ior expressing me juice ; me
jp thus obtained was boiled in the tumi- C'IS
ron pot, 011 the blacksmith's lire. By ref
?c simple means they were abb- ;o make ,''c
>af every day." If with this rude appais
tliesc men were enabled to make 40
50 pounds of sugar daily, cannot every bo?
ner, with a trifling expense, furnish him- Cl1'
with machinery for making sugar for rc
own consumption ? PfM
1 ted
'kencii Sugar Beet Seed.?By a ref- exj
ice to an advertisement in another col- ten
l, it will be seen that a quantity of Su- vol
beet seed has been received from an<
nee, and is for sale in this city. We the
0 some of the seed, and, so far as we col
judge, should think it fresh and in good uti
:r. There is also no doubt of its being act
genuine variety for thy manufacture of he:
!ir?a circumstance which purchasers hauld
look well to, as mistakes and impo- t0
us in this respect would not only pro- ful
e disappointments and losses to individ- tw<
, but discourage many from making ron
lier attempts.?Ibid. the
? lflC
''ram Combe's Physiology oj Digestion. COi
CAUSE AND LAWS OF HUNGER. wit
Without pretending to determine what the drii
i?f? nniiditir.ii nf tbn nrrves nffhn stnin. tl'V
is, which, when conveyed to the brain, ant
tes the sensation of appetite, I think it cisi
cient lor every practical purpose it' we oth
) in mind that the co-operation of the mo
ous system is necessary for the produc- chi
of appetite, and that, there is a direct nat
nathy between the stomach and the rest tha
ic body, by means of which the stimulus exc
lunger becomes unusually urgent where wa
jodily waste has been great, although a sicl
paratively short time has elapsed since cor
preceding meal. dis'
imetite. then, beino- <rivon lor the exnrr-ss irrt
II ' ' t ^ c I
joso of warning us when a supply of ani
I is necessary, it follows that its call will stif
xperiencod in the highest intensity when dul
:c and growth?or, in other words, the
ations which demand supplies of fresh per
trials?arc most active; and in the low- n?ntensity
when, from indolence and the hut
ation ol growth, the demand is least. In lax;
[h, accordingly, when bodily activity is tcri
great, and a liberal supply of nourish- the
t is required both to repair waste and to sati
y on growth, the appetite is keener and sile
discriminating than til any other period hi ?'
fo, and, what is worthy of remark, as cor
her admirable instance of adaption, di- hjo
on is proportionally vigorous and rapid: dai
reas, in mature age, when growth is fin- real
J, and the mode of life more sedentary, ovr
ame abundance of aliment is 110 longer err
led, the appetite becomes less keen soc
more select in its choice, and digestion
* something of the rcsisdess power which
. rally distinguishes it in early youth,
eles of food which were once digested llP(
case are now burdensome to tin? stom- ru"
and, if not altogether rejected, are dis- su':
id of with a degree of labour and difti- nK'
/ that was formerly unknown. i0 '
fhen, however, the mode of life in ma- 001
it themselves between the wants of th<
s'cin and the dictates of appetite, are on
y explicable 011 tie; more solid ground o
r own ignorance and inattention.
Many practical errors arise from over
iking the icla'ion which nutrition ought
o o
bear to waste and growth. Thus, it is
uncommon tiling for young men whe
ve experienced all llie pleasures of a keen
petite and easy digestion when growing
>idiy or leading an active life, to induct
/ere and protracted indigestion, by conning,
from mere habit, to eat an equal
mtitv of food cither when growth is tined
and the system 110 longer requires the
lie extensive supply, or after a complete
mge from activC'to sedentary habi's has
;atlv diminished that waste which alone
iders food necessary. This is, in fact,
2 of the chief sources of the troublesome
>peptic complaints often met with among
jyouthful inliabitants of our larger cities
\ 11
i colleges.
The error, however, is unhappily not conad
to the young, hut extends generally to
whose puruits are of a sedentary nature.
ierc are numerous persons, especially in
ms and among females, who, having their
10 and employments entirely at their own
posal, carefully avoid every thing which
[uiros an effort of mind or hody, and pass
ir lives in a state of inaction entirely innpatible
witli the healthy performance oi
: various animal functions. Having no
Jily exertion to excite waste, promote ciration,
cr s'imulatc nu'rition, they cxpeace
little keenness of appetite, have weak
.vers of digestion, and require but a limisupply
of food. If, while inactive and
lending liitle, such persons could he conted
to follow nature so for as not to proke
appetite by stimulents and cookery,
J to eat and drink only in proportion to
: wants of the system, they would fare
mparatively well. i?ut having no impcrve
occupation, and no enjoyment from
n*n i>.<ri(ti! Oviit*'win f linIP I ir*>n 1m ii/vr.
nu IUJU uo^iui w.\v;i iixijfj iiitii^o
ivily on the r hands; and they are apt to
re recourse to eating as the only avenue
pleasure still open to them; and, forgetor
ignorant of the relation subsisting lichen
waste and nutrition, they endeavor to
ie\v, in the present indulgence of appetite,
real enjoyment which its legitimate gratalien
atiorded under different circumstanPursuing
the pleasures of the table
b the same ardour as before, they cat and
nk freely and abundantly, and, instead of
in" to acquire a hcakhv desire for food
! increased pow ers of digestion by cxcr?,
ihoy resort to tonics, spices, wine, and
or stimuli, which certainly excite for the
mont, l>ut eventually aggravate the misefby
obscuring its progress Oc extent. The
oral result of this mode of proceeding is,
t the stomach becomes oppressed bv
:css cT exertion?heal.!iv appetite gives
y, v. jd morbid craving takes its place?
kness, headache, and bilious attacks bene
fre<jueni--ihe bowels are habitually
ordered, tlie feet cold, and the circulation
ginar?and a state of bodily weakness
1 mental irritability is induced, which coalites
a heavy penalty for the previous ingence.
So far, however, is the true
ise of a!! these phenomena from being
ceived even then, that a cure is sought,
in a better regulated diet and regimen,
from b't'ers to strengthen the stomach,
atives to to carry off the redundant mauls
from the system, wine to overcome
sense of sinking, and heavy lunches to
* * 1 i i
sly the morbid craving wmcn tney omy
nee for a little, Seme, of course, sutler
i greater, and others in a less degree, ueding
to peculiarities of constitution,
do of life, and extent of indulgence; but
ly experience will testily,!bat, in its main
tures, the foregoing description is not
irchargod, and that victims of such dietetic
ors are to be met with in every class of
iety.
SALTXESS OF THE OCEAN.
IVhen a person stands for the first time
in the shore, and looks over the wide
ing waves, he is lost in wonder at the
dimity of the scene. His next movent
is to taste of the water, lie finds it
ae salt and brackish. By chemical denposition
i s component parts are found
be, Linfe 2.9 gr. .Magnesia 14.8, Soda
} tlicre is a very considerable difference in
. the sal.noss of the sea, even where the
f waves arc continually meeting and mingling.
As a general rule, however, in going
. from tiie equator to the poles, the saltness
t of the sea diminishes. It has also in
; many places been found that the water on
> the surface of the ocean is less salt than on
i the Lo'tom. Some of these variations are
r easily accounted for; others at present arc
. on:irely unknown. It is perfectly natural that
, a bay, into which large rivers areconstg^
[ ly pouring a supply of fresh water, sliow^
not be so salt as other parts of the ocean.
. But why there should be difference between
the tropical and arctic seas, or between
the surface and the depths of the
ocean in this respect, no satisfactory reason
has as yet been assigned.
Neither is it easy to discover the origin i
of the soilness of the sea. The beneficent j
design of our Creator is manifest in this 1
arrangement, as without this saltness and
the continued agitation produced by the j
winds, tides and currents; the water would
become tainted, and the ocean would prove
the boundless reservoir of contagion and i
death. J?ut whence comes this saline*??;
Some have supposed it proceeds from im. j
111er.se beds of suit, in the bottom of the'
ocean. Such beds have indeed been ;
found, but they appear to bo rather deposits j
of salt, which tiie ocean has formed by
precipitation. Instead of being the cause, j
they are the effects of the ocean's saltncss.!
The corruption of river water lias been j
absurdly assigned as the cause. l?y this
theory the ocean is represented as a vast |
lake, fiiled by the ceaseless liow of rivers i
of fresh water, which by corruption has'
become salt and brackish. This theory
originated from the fact that the fresh water
which is discharged into close lakes, by i
some process of decomposition deposits j
salt. It is however said, that if this were |
the cause of the saltness of the ocean, it j
would be continually growing more salt;
aud there is no evidence that tiiis is the
fact. This opinion was first advanced by
Ilalley, a celebrated English philosopher,
unci lie inclined to the opinion that there,
was a progressive increase, though necessarily
very slow. 4 Several modern philosophers,'
says Maltc ttrun, 4 consider the
sea as the residuum of a primitive fluid,
which must have held in solution all the
substances of which the globe is composed; :
that these sea waters having deposited all I
the earthy principles both acid and metallic j
widi which they were impregnated there
remains in their residuum (which is the
present sea) some of these elementary!
principles too in'irnutely combined with water
to escape from it; and with respect to
the but ernes? of sea waters, as it diminishes
in proportion to the depth, it can arise
solc-lv from the great quantity of decomposed
and [nitrifying animals and vegetable
substances which float in the ocean, and
which the running waters never cease to
O # J
bring into it.' This is a kind of philoso- i
phising in which we can place but lit.lo,
confidence, for its basis is supposition no '
fact. Men are generally unwilling to ac-;
knowledge ignorance, and the pride of!
human reason is more gratified with any j
theory, if it have but the air of philosophy, |
than with none at all.?Scientific Tracts.
DAVIDSON COLLEGE.
Arrangements are in progress to set in
! operation a new College in Mecklenburg!)
I County, C., which is to have a manual
labor department attached to it. From an J
A
article it) the Southern Christian Herald, 1
giving some account of it, we extract the .
~ ? 1
following :
The course of S.udies. 1
The Institution will consist of three De- i
partments?a Teachers' department-.a preparatory
Classical School, and the College t
proper. j i
i I., tlw. DAi-inr'nir?nt tvvn I i
1
tural Philosophy, Chemistry, Stewart's P4iiIosophy
of the Mind, Palev's Moral Philosophy.
Second term?Astronomy, Hedge's Logic,
Blair's Rhetoric, Sullivan's Political
Class Book.
In addition to the above studies, weekly
exercises in Speaking and Composition
will be required through the whole course,
and the President will lecture on the Evidences
of Christianity.
' Our primary object in connecting manual
lahor with the Institution is, to secure
the health of the pupils. We believe
that labor, especially agricultural labor, wiU
give to tlx; pupils a healthful exercise, and
at the same time make some considerable
deduction from their expenses. Every student
will be required to labor three hours
in the day.
History of what we have done.
1. We have purchased a valuable f;irm*
2. We have obtained donations and subscriptions
to between thirtv-five aud forty "
tain
iliousami dollars.
3. VVc have elected a President, one oth
cr Professor, a Tu or, and a Steward and
Superintendant of tlie farm. The Rev. R.
II. Morrison, of Mecklenburg!), N. C., has
been elected President and Professor of
Moral and Mental Philosophy, and tlte
Evidences of Christianity. The Rev.P. J.
Sparrow, of Salisbury, lias been elected Prolessor
of Languages, and Mr. Mortimer
Johnson, a graduate of Jeftbrson College in
Pennsylvania, Tutor. Abel Graham, Esq.
of Kowuii county, N. C., has been elected
Steward and Superintendant of the (arm.
All these?with the exception of the Tutor,
from whom we have not yet heard?have
accepted the offices to which they have
been elected.
4. The buildings necessary to carry the
Institution into operation are far advanced,
and will be completed as soon as the weather
will permit.
o. Wo have pureliased some books, and
obtained others by donation?some of
which arc very valuable.
Prices of Tuition and Board. The
year will be divided into two sessions of
live months each. The price of tuition in
the preparatory School, and College, will be
fifteen dollars per session; in the other de- *
partmcnt ten dollars per session. The
price of Board, (washing and light not included,)
thir.j dollars per session. From
.1 ?,i.~ ,1^,.
lllt'SU C.\|H,'U3< 9 lilU IUiiU)MU^ UbUUbiluilS
will be made for the labor of the pupils.
The students will be arranged by the Professors
and Steward into three classes, according
to their respective abilities to labor.
Each student in the first class will be cntitied
to a deduction of fifteen dollars per session
from his expenses:?those in the second
class, to a deduction of twelve dollars
?those in the third class, to a deduction of
nine dollars per session. If any student's
labor shall be deemed by the Professors
and Steward more valuable than these de.
ductions, he shall be entitled to its full
value.
We have resolved to commence the
exercises of the Institution on the 1st day
of March, 1837.
M
LEGISLATURE OF NORTH CAROLINA.
Senate.?Tuesday. Jan. 3. The bill to
restore to credit any person convitced of
an infamous crime, passed its second and
third readings, ami was ordered to be en1
grosscu.
The bill making an appropriation for car*
n ing on and completing the capital, was
read the third time, and ordered to lie on
die table.
The bill fo confer on the stockholders of
the Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston
Rail Road Company banking privileges,
was read the second lime, passed, and
made the order of the day for Thursday.
Wednesday, Jan. 4. The bill to lay off
and establish a county by the name of Gaston,
and the bill to al cr the time of hold,
ing the Superior Courts in the Ncwbern
Jistrich were read and rtjee'ed.
Mr. Sanders presented a bill concerning
special magistrates in this State; which
passed its three readings, and was ordered
to be engrossed.
The bill making an appropriation for
" " oil
carrying on and completing the capitol of
the State, was read the third time, amended,
an .Mr. Polk's motion, so as to appropriate
B120.000, instead of ?75,000; and onMr.
Edward's motion, so as to provide for
the famishing the capitol, passed, and ordered
to ho engrossed.
Friday, Jan. 0. Mr. Joyner presented:he
following bilis : A bill to increase the
?apir;il stock of the Halifax and VVeldon
Lva.il Road Company ; and a bill to amend
the charter of the Portsmouth and Roanoke
Rail Road Company; which were reud,
the lirst named bill three times, and ordered,
[o bo engrossed, the last the first time and
referred. #. ,
Mr. Moore, from the committee on private
bills, to whom the subjects had been
referred, reported the bill to authorise the
count v courts of Cumberland to lay ofFthe
- 1 .1- ? L?l! ...
public roads into districts ; anu me uiu 10
incorporate tbe Caldwell Institute, without
amendment. Whereupon said bills were
read the third time, passed and ordered to
be engrossed.
Mr. Taylor presented the following resolution,
which, on Mr. Marstellers' mo ion,
was ordered to lie on the table, viz:
Rcsnlccd, Tbat the act of Congress, ap.
proved the 2nd March, 1833, commonly
called the " compromise act," was passed
in good fai'h, and ought to be observed;
and any act on the part of Congress to disturb
its provisions, or frustrate its operation,
would bo regarded as unjust, and a violation
of good faith.
The bill to amend the charter of the Cape .
Fear, ^ adkin and Pi dee Rail Road Comp:?nv.
orT'fNl to be enroled.
la III H?V* X C J'VJ/mi h?, w w.#- . .
jects arc contemplated-?instruction in the i <
various brai nes of a common English Ed-!
ueation, and the preparation of young men I :
intending (o become teachers of common |
Schools. Tin's department will embrace j I
the following branches: 1. Reading; 2.!
Writing; o. common Arithmetic and Sur- <
voying : 4. English Grammar; 5. Geog- { I
raphy ; G. The most approved method of j <
teaching common Schools. J
2. The preparatory Classical School. |
The studies in this department will !>e ; Lit
Latin, Adams' (Gould's) Latin Grammar? <
Hooper's Prosody?Liber Primus?the first
four books ofCtesnr's Commentaries, and I
the whole of Virgil; 2. Greek?Valriev's <
Grammar and Delectus?the Gospel by .
John,and Acts in the New Testament; A. 1
English Grammar; 4. Arithmetic; 5. j
Geography. All students will have to ; i
stand an examination on the studies rtvjui.! i
red in the preparatory School, previous to j ]
admission into the Freshman Class in the
College.
3. The College. I
o
Fivshman Class. j <
First term?-Sallus', Grceea .Minora,!
Fay's Algebra.
Second term? Cicero's Select Orations. ;
Historical part of Grrcca .Majora, Day's
Algebra completed.
Sophomore Class.
First term?Livy, first volume of Gr:eca I
Majora completed. Hue lid's Elements.
Second term?1 Jornee through the <>dos, |
Orieca Majora, second volume,Plane Trig- |
onometry. j <
Junior Class.
First term?Horace completed, Graca I ,
Majora, second volume completed, Conic j
.Sections.
Second tenn?Tacitus. Homer's llliad, I
Spheilcal Trigonometry.
Senior Class.
Fir * t?rm? 'ivmil.H*vr*":"*s I'Ikv!. \a-'
3, Sulphuric Acid 11.4, .Muriatic Acid
7. The '.valors of the ocean arc gene,
v composed of these ingredients at all
es and in all places, hut not always in
same proportions. By boiling seator
common salt is precipitated. The
Icrs of steamboats have sometimes been
irly filled bv a solid incrus'ation of salt
losited u[)on tlieir sides. Immense
mtitics of sail are manufactured every
tr, by evaporation of sea-water in the
rn air. In this way natural beds of salt
immense extent and depth have been
incd. In the colder ia'ittides, the saltis
of the sea is, in general, less than
ween the tropics. There are however
options, and i lias been observed that
se large gulfs into which many rivers
pty are less salt than other parts of the
an.
Dergmann, a celt bra'od Swiss naturalist,
i with great care made the following
c o
i'TVitliullS.
ar Iceland li?e sea contains of salt one
we!I'di to one fortieth of its weight,
ar the coast of do. one tenth to one
seventh.
the Categat one tenth.
the IJaltic sea one thir.ieth.
tiie Irish sea one fortieth.
t!ie English channel one thirtieth.
the Atlantic on the coast of Franco one
hirty-secoml.
. do. do. coast of Spain one forty-sixth,
o Mcdi.erranean near Castigiione one
twenty-fourth.
. do. near Malta one iwon'y-sevcirh.
From th??c r>!)<:er\*ftt?< n * i' net'ears that
age is active and laborious, and the to '
to matter thrown out of the sys'em is 90.
sequently considerable, the appetite for 97.
! and the power of digesting it are cor- r^'
ondingly strong; for in general it is only ,im
n the mode of life is indolent and inac- l'to
and the waste consequently small, that ua!
appetite and digestion are weak. So "ul
iral, indeed, is the connexion between 1102
wo conditions, that c.vcrcisr is prover- (,cl
v the first thing we think of reeom- fllK
ding to improve the appetite and the }'cs
of the digestive organs, when tlicse are ?PC
irved to be impaired; and where posi- ("
disease does not exist, no other remedy f?rl
ilf so oiFectuual. ncs
is highly important to notice this natu- ^et
elation between waste and appetite, and ( XC
;een appetite and digestion; because, if 9k>
; real, appetite must bo the safest guide cm
:an llllow in determining when and how 0Cl
:!i we ought to eat. It is true that,] '
I the factitious calls and wants of civil- ' na:S
life, its suggestions are often perverted, 0',:"
that lie-nee we may err in blindly lbl- Nc
r.g every tiling which assumes its seni- t
cc. The conclusion to be drawn from Xe
however, is nonhat the sense ofhunger i
if trusted to, generally mislead us, but In
i * . 7 that
we must learn to distinguish i s In
dictates before we can implicitly rely on In
t'.idancc. If, when fairly consulted, its In
ties are found to be erroneous, it will In 1
-titu'ehhe onlv known instance where the j t
iter has failed in the attempt to fulfil his Do
design?an assumption not only rep tig- Tit
I alike t?? feeling ami to reason, but in I
altogether gratuitous. For tlat appn- [ Do
to remark, that me uung useu ior mumue wiie
should not be too tar spent: fresh dung fjve
Iroin the stable door, is preferable to spit jj1L. .
dung, winch many persons are so fond of." natu
In thus recommending a tliorougli moth- the I
od of culture, wo would by no means wish biall
i to discourage those who have not yet at- men
tempted raising this excellent fruit, and who tone
think they cannot afford to adopt such cul- obst
ture, from attempting it altogether; indeed, tive
if proper varieties are obtained, good crops is Ik
may be had with little or nocare after trans- it
: j planting; we have known beds almost tin- ral i
touched for years to yield plentifully. Nc- beiw
vcriheless, we consider tlie cheapest method, it be
ul'imately.of raising this fruit.is by thorough we c
culture: that the greatest amount of fruit is j muc
obtained in this way for the care and labor j am a
... , i . ,
, expended, and that, the quality is so much 1 n:eu
superior to tijat obtained from slight cnl'tnv., nnd
as io give the former practice very decided j lo vi
advantages. blan
When the beds have much diminished in ! this,
. their produc*, new plantations must bo made ' wiii,
; j to supply their place. This generally tabes j only
place in four or Jive years. j true
j il.sg
*LindIev says, in speaking 01 the Alpine j diet;
! strawberries, "]| the nnmers arc planted out | co.);
p in August or the beginning ot September, the j (?.c>.
} beds will be covered with runners !?v sj ring ; ;
these should not bo removed as directed ior "1
the othMr class; s, because the !iiv1 and strong- ,3 I,:
est ot tliem will prodtic" tra.f daring 11? an- !L'I
and .v;t:u*<'- in '
ways keep tat; win nave gooa caives ; anu
make more manure, if their pens be well
littered, than a dozen cows that are not
kept like them. In a week afer such cows
calve, their calves should be separated from
them, and fed, and only permitted to be
with their mothers when milked.
I am astonished, Mr. Editor, that a greater
number of our people do not turn their
attention to the raising of stock, particularly
in our parish. We have immense rice
fields and 41 cane brakes," which are now
mreivin<r no sort of onltivntinn. siniL 1 nm
sure, upon these as fine ca'ile might be raised,
as in any part of Kentucky. In another
number, 1 may write you more at length
upon this subject; until then, I remain,
your obedient servant. j. V. \\\
From the (itnessee Fanner.
ON TIIE CrLTl'RE OF STRAWBERRIES.
As the time is now approaching, when
those who intend to form beds for raising
this cheap and delicious fruit, should make
the necessary preparations, a few brief instructions
011 the subject may not be unac.
ceptable.
Varieties.?The following are a few ol
those which rank among the best and mos!
desirable varieties. Austrian Scarlet, 01
Duke of Kent: drove Knd Scarlet: Rose.
'w'P'v; Scdkng: McT.vcn f