Cheraw gazette. [volume] (Cheraw, S.C.) 1835-1838, December 06, 1836, Page 222, Image 2
mi ii m. jmjii .i
allem io'i, t' a* mer ."<>o ! paper is oT*red ? !
o # * *
to the exis inn 1? a' ; than tuey are able to p<
discount. In I8ld. when tine country was
u!nlost literally flooded witti a redundant o
currency, this allcgahon was habitually *u
made, and with as much truth as it is now.! o
Of tiie spirit of banking and borrowing.: ;i
it may be said vvi.b more philosophy than I
poetry, that it is a monster which derives i:
increase of appetite from what it feeds 0:1.' j t
lkie vcrv act of thro w ing ou excessive is. ;
sues of hank p iper, bv deprecia'ing the val- j 1
ue of current money, creates, to the hill
extent of that depreciation, an increased desire
an 1 necessi y for borrowing, because ;;
an increased <pia?i itv of money becomes 1
necessary to oil* at die exchanges of society.
Tiie constant and progressive appreciation
of all kinds of propeny, which isanoJierj
form ofcxpressing a depreciated currency?
gives moreover a universal stimulus to die i
spirit of overtrading. During the downward
progression every man lines i? to be bis interest
to borrow money and purchase prop,
crty, because money will be less valuable
" " ? 1 . *
and more easily obtained when the uu\ 01
payment comes, than it was when he obtained
the loan; the price of proper y, in
t le meantime, rising in proportion.
The trading community, and indeed almost
ail classes of society, become intoxicated
with the spirit of gambling speculation
in stocks, in land, and in every thing else,
and continue to move on under this high
pressure system until awakened from their
delirium by an explosion, when he liny be
deemed singularly fortunate who escapes
unhurt from the general wreck. No state
of things can be more unfavorable to the
pursuits of honest industry, more corrupting
.0 the public morals, or finally more
destructive to the prosperi y of an agricultural
community. In the final catastrophe
in which it must inevitably terminate, property
becomes depreciated, money becomes
nmw difficult to obtain, and in this state of
things, ail those who are indebted to the
banks, have to sacrifice their proper y to
discharge their obligations. And in the
scene of general ruin which follows," he banks
alone flourish amidst the distress and bankruptcy
of the great body of the people. It
is devoutly to be hoped that the spirit of
sock-jobbing will not spretd from Xow.
York and Albany, to Charleston and Columbia;
and above all that the sys'em of
mutual bribery?which has produced such
fearful and demoralizing results in o.her
quarters, will never pollute the sanctuary of
our legislation.
A very strong, if not a conclusive reason
ngainst giving banking privileges to the
Rail Road Company, will be found in the
fact, that the capi ;;l ofiliebank of the State
of Sou li Carolina, will be increased during
the ensuing year to the ex cat of something
like a million and a half of dollars, by the
sum which will be deposited in that bank
from the Treasury of the I'uitcd States.?
This will enable it to increase its discount
operations at least to the same extent, and
will certainly supply ali the additional wants
of the community for bank accommodations,
hovnrul what can be supplied by the exis'ing
bank capital. And as tlic profits of the
Hunk cf the State redound to the bewfl' of
ttie people at large, it would be very unwise
to diminish tlies 'profits at the present conjiyiclure,
by the grant of banking privileges
to a company of individual stockholders:
i ^
even if tins could be safely done upon sound
banking principles.
It is not easy to perceive upon what plan
tiiis rail road company can be transformed
into a banking corporation consistently with
its original purpose. It is certain that the
same capital cannot perlorm two incoin.
patiblo functions. I: cannot be paid out
and expended in constructing tlie rail road,
and ai tite same time remain in the bank to
redeem its paper. Such an attempt as thi*
would inevitably end in a mere paper bank
as it would be utterly impossibletliat it could
> .... i-.ll., If |r, nlll'i.'lti
reueem its uina w.i u'.muu^.
this objection it should bo proposed to haw
a separate and distinct capital to sustain the
operations of the bank, the plan would sti!
be liable to very strong objee ions. It wouit
bo substantially forming the same body o
persons into two distinct corporations, es
sentially diiiercnt in their character and ob
jects,and requiring entirely different quali
fixations for the conduct of their affairs.
It is not reasonable to suppose that tiff
confusion of purposes and contemplation c
d jties, would facilitate or expedite the com
pi :tio!?ofihe undertaking i'or which the com
l?any was organized. On the contrary
there is too much ground to apprehend tiiu
this uoble enterprise would be degrade)
into a mere concern of speculation am
stock-jobbing. When it is recollected tha
tiie Charter of this Company positively pre
lubits it from all banking operations, it .s t
be presumed that some very cogent reason
wiii be roqu.red to induce you to repeal tha
prohibition. Tiie only reason entitled t
consideration, which lias been suggested
is the effect of this banking privilege in st
curing the requisite subscription of stock
liiit it is now apparent, that as iar as w
-- - ?- ? ? I-. tkn ? ? vfii
ran see our way cieur iui mumu^ u.v,
tue means are already secured, if we add i
the stock already subscribed, the subscrij:
tion whiciithe Legislature will doubtless at
thorize to be made in the name of the ?>tat<
at the proper time.
1 will remark finally on this subject, th;
the constitution of the directory, as the cim
t .'r now stands, would boa conclusive ol
j -ction, on the part of the South Carolir
s ockholders, to the granting of bankii
privileges to the Corporation, under its pre
ear organization.
Your predecessors have been at nil rim<
so justly sensible of t.ho importance of ha
ing uniform and equal laws administered I
enlightened and impartial judges, ih*tt tl
organization ofthe Judiciary system has o
copied a due share of their attention,
seems, however, that something yet r
mains ;o he done to complete that orgai
gition, The constitution of the Court
Appeals by the act of 133-j, has render
what was before meR-ly expedient ahnosi
matter of nece^by :?an act providing tii
s kcs'o ?~ of'h it Court shall ho h'-ld r
ns'velv at (V.ambia, for the trial of Aj>rnls
from nil pirts ofthe State.
I nisi also ol the opinion that the great im?
rovemeut which iris heen made in the in iiigrnec;
<>; t'i" people, since the a bo!:.'ion
if the County Courts, renders it highly exi
Ji'.'Kt to re-establish tlr.it system now,
hough ii mav then have been wise to aboU
shir. In Ihighmd and in all tiie older
states of this Union, it is as justly popular
is it is extensively useful, having the high
nrrit of administering justice without delay,
'without money and without price."
There is no Dis rict in the .State in which
in ciiiightciH'd body of Magis.rates could
not he obtained, amply qualified to superintend
the general police of the Ihs'.ric:
and ex -rcise a civil and criminal iurisdie.
tion iir.i t d o cvtam amounts and lo a certain
class of ollenccs.
Jly transferring tiie powers now oxerci
scJ t:y uie i hdin.iries to tisesc Comts, tin
fees ofotlu'e would yield so liberal a com
'vamadou, that persons of tin: vrrv bos
eat'ons cnuU bi.' obtained to act a
Clerks. Though the Justices would re
ceivo no compensation, hut the conscious
. less of" rendering the State some service,'
patriotic citizens of trie highest s anding
would, 1 dot.!)! a ' cry cheerfully per.orn
iiicir several tmirs of dufv in t.hose posts (
honor and usoiiiliiess. And in the cours
of a tl. w years, tiie Circuit Courts would h
relieved of so largo a portion of the busiiies
they now have to perform, that the numbf
of the judges ini'dii he gradually disninishe
to a cousaii rah;.- extent, thus promoting
just and wi>j economy, widiou- impairing
in the siightes. degree, the etliciency of th
general system, or the clnractcr of th
court of final jurisdic ion.
The recent organization of tiie M iitia.
in tlic progress of realizing all the beneii
which were HiitieiuaiediVom.i. As schoo
J I % .
of instruction for the officers, the Brigat
Encampuicn s have been found to he <
inestimable value. I am thoroughly satis
lied, from my observation and expeiieno
tliat witnout these, ti e whole sys em of M
htia musters and drills, would lie worse th?
unprovable. They would he mere hunj
i* * * * f,-? lirinor ;iH Alii
t.J.vum vu iw w. _
. tia exercises into contempt and ridicule, ar
all Militia OnCers into disrespect. Win
: the Coldiicls of Regiments and Captains
Companies are thoroughly competent
driil their respective commands, there
bur little difficulty in preparing the body
1 the Militia to defend their rights. Wi
; such officers, i In-iieve the most iitexpei
< need troops?I mean .Militia, not en!isl<
troops?coaid l?* well pr--pared to tal
the field in six weeks. Kwry tiling depon
upon the officers, and mos'. upon the Ca
tains of Compan.es, 0:1 whom it devolves
teach those elementary principles ai
movements by which all the coinbinatio
ofMditarv tactics arc effected on tlie tic.
; of ha'tie.
Hut it is nbsolufly ess 'ntial to the uiiii
of a drill, that it ho conducted or superi
i tended by a competent officer. Accor
ing to to the true theory and original li
sign of the office of Adjutant and Inspect
General, that officer should be the chief di
. ollicer of the State. lie should be rcqu
i ed to attend the muster of every regime
; in the State once a year, and conduct t
drill himself as the instructor. Ho shot
also be required to attend every Hriga
encampment, and to drill the officers,
the same character; and be vested w i:h t
necessary au hority, without reference
his nominal rank.
As a compensation for these laborioi
1 expensive and most useful service, I
salary should be raised to at least twen
J live hundred dollars. This would cnal
: j you to command the services of a you
> man of military pride, thoroughly mas
1: of his duties, and who would devo e I
?
: whole time to their performance. Such
' mai) would bu worm more lo the .^tate tn
' j any officer in it, civil or military; where
: an incompetent officer, without the proj
; energy and military spiri-, would pe a pc
'! live nuisance.
11
The improvement of our Militia, 1
.. been as much retarded, heretofore, by !
: want of a sui abb and uniform system
"! tactics and regul it ions, as by i s want
organization. The officers of many of i
" j regiments cannot procure books of a
j kind, and all the copies of" Infantry T<
5; ties," provided by the authority ofyourp
| decossors, are exhausted. The 1. ,S:n
* i have recently adopted a new system of
*, fan try Tactics?embracing all the roc
' improvements of the French, prepared
I Major General Scon. to whom the conn
^ is grcatlv indebted lor the means ofneni
J, O ' % I
in!! a scientific knowledge of t!:e miii;;
II art. This new system is a very deci<
'*1 improvement upon any thing prcvioti
0 published, and Major General Macomb
s pieparcd from it, a very judicious abs'r;
lt to which be has added Artillery and Cai
0 rv Tactics and the Army Regulations, (
'?' bracing the whole in the compass of u sn
" I and clicap volume. As we are tmde
constitutional obligation to conform to
u system of the I niter! States, and ns
b1 system tiiey have now adopted, is likeh
? , be permanent, I have purchased five h
u : dred cop'es of this work on? of the npp
l' priation of the last session, and 1 re<-?
c> mend that a sum be appropriated suffic
: to supply all the oftiet rs of the State \
it one copv. The cost will be vcryir.con
r-1 erai?!o, in comparison with the object,
!)- this small volume, costing o.ulv fifty-cu
m is in itsvifa very tolerable military libra
ig : ( hit of the sum appropriated lor that
s- jeet, I have purchased a suitable site
; caused an Arsenal to be erected, in
-?s place, capable of containing 8000 stan
v. arms. When the Magazines and Barrn
>v 1 are completed, tin; whole will be as cret
ic bio to the liberality and forecast of the
! gislature. as it will be conducive to the j
It lie safe? v.
e- I feel it to be niv duty to bring to >
u- view sonic measures for improving the <
o! ditiou, elevating the character and extern
cd the usefulness of the Chief Kxeeutive
a parttnent of this (lovormcnt, which I I
tat been restrained, by very obvious consul
\- t!'VN. f :;)1 SUgC'S itllj 'C ' !' " ?''!I'M* p'U
mm* i j OWWPIf tTT 1?
1 There is no reform in the pracdeal opera- j r
lion of our system ofcoufederatcd Sovereign ( a
1 Communities, and in the state ol {)iib!ic opin-, t
ion connected with it. more important to the i
security ol our civil insli.ulious. than that JI
which .shall restore the lost equilibrium of it
' that system. by raising up the S ate govern-! r
' men s from that low point of depression to j i
which they have been carried by the ad- 11
: verse political currents of the last twenty 1?'
years, to their primitive dignity and power, i
The steady progress of tederal encroachment,
while undermining and carrying <
1 away the constitutional barriers of oar safetv. I
has given a false direction to the public j 1
opinion of our people and the ambition of <
. ' our statesmen. The latter must be thor- 1
oughly corrected, before the former can be
i successfully resisted. It will be in vain that,
we struggle to maintain die grcai conserva-1
. live doctrines of the South, while the Chief j
; .Magistrates of high minded Soudiern States 1
; ?* i * - - i: _ i
- ?;he representatives o; tncir sovereign uig!
nily?.sh;?il descend from their ioiiv c!i:va- i
5 tion. prostrate the insignia of lli-'irolficcsai
- the very fooi-s'oo! ofthc Tedornl Kxecutivo.
- craving at Iris hands the miserable honor of
a mission to the Indian tribes, or a pcrtnan-j
ert agency among them, and moving off ,
1 upon this degrading errand, without encoun- j
I i tering the scornful and indignant hisses of
o I the people, whose sovereign honor he has.
e he rayed and tarnished,
s With a view of counteracting these do-!
r i grading tendencies, as well as of increasing I
d ' the respectability and usefulness of his of
a rice in other respects. I recommend that the
salary of the Governor be increased to five \
c thousand dollars?that he he required to j
e reside, habitually, at the seat of Government,'
and that a suitable house be erected tor his
is accommodation. This is almost the only!
s Stale in the I nion, whore a mansion, curls
' responding with the dignity of the office, is
le 1 not provided for the residence of the Chief
)f Magistrate, and w.Vrc tha* officer is not re>
! quired to reside perihauently ai the seat of
i (lovcrnincnt.
i- ! In practice, the Chief Executive Depart
* '-I -1. .
ill | ment o! tins tvato is now cnner un- |;n\.uv
l- j residence of the Governor, often in one exi
; trem.ty of the State, or a sort of travelling
id ! head quarters. In this*statc of tilings, the
*n | people are exposed to groat inconvenience,
of:; 11! the unfortunate often tail to receive the
to benefit which ;hey would otherwise derive
is ; from Iiis ex? reise of the prerogative of mcrof
cv, by the difficulty of ascertaining or of
th reacliing ti?e place of his residence lor the
*i- | time being.
xl ; I also suggest as a measure of obvious
\C expediency, the repeal or modification of
ils that provision of the Constitution, which
p- renders the Chief Magis rate ineligible, for
to four years, after serving one term. As he
id is almost entirely destitute 'of patronage ot
ris any kind, there is no conceivable reason
Id why the people should impose this jealous
I restriction upon themselves, by which it
y ! must frequently happen that they will be tie.
11- ! privet! of services which they would be vry
d- j anxious to retain, to the serious detriment
lo- | of the public service. As th* Constitution
or , now stands, no system of policy depending
ill j upon the Chief .Magistrate, and requiring a
ir- ' series of years lor its execution, can bo suc nt
j cessfuliy accomplished,
he ! I have received from the Governors ol
ild ! several of our confederate Sta'es, rosoltide
I tions on the subject of the proceedings ol
l ?..1 nrinn!vr>r| in the
id j cerium uuwa wu oiau t.>.o - ...
lie ! non-slaveholding States, and i now lav these
to ; resolutions before you, in compliar.ce with
: the request by which they were accompuis,
, nied. Most of them, as you will perceive,
lis 1 are from the Legislatures of slaveholding
y- Sta'es, and ore characterised by a patriotic
>!c spirit, an enlightened comprehension of our
ig common rights, and a firm determination tc
or defend them, worthy of the high sources
. J ' 3
ns whence they emanate,
a I am cons rained, however, to express
an i my sincere regret, that notwithstanding die
:as solemn appeal ma le by South Carolina am
>er other slave-holding States, to ;Ik; States ir
si- which those abolition Societies were form
ed, invoking them to interpose their legisla.
las tivc power fur the purpose of suppressing
he j seditious machinations against our peace
of! and safety, which were openly carried or
of; under the protection of their laws and sov
the i oreign jurisdiction?but three of these State:
nv ' have condescended to notice this np
tc- ; peal, and not one of them lias taken am
rc-1 step towards suppressing the injurious prac
<es tiers of wliich we so jus lv complained,
fn- Considering the fraternal spirit in whic!
ent our application was conceived, and the res
bv peciful language in which it was expressed
trv I cannot but regard the entire neglect win
lit*, which it l?as been tints generally treated, a
irv a silent but significant indication of tin
led j alarming sta o of public opinion which al
sly ! ready prevails, amongst the great body c
lias ; the people in the non-slave-holding &at<$
ict, j and a solemn admonition to the slave-hold
ail- , ing States to guard their institutions wit
;m- I sleepless vigilance, and he at all times pre
lali pared to defend them, by all the measure
r a and .all the means which the emergency
the may demand. After what has occurred,
the ' will not comport wit!) the dignity of Sou
j to Carolina, as a Sovereign S ate deeply aj
on- grieved by the practices in which I have it
ro- ferred, to iiold any further correspondent:
mi- on the subject, with those S'ales that hnv
iont treated our complaints with this total uc<
vitli lect and silent indifference,
sid- ; It is now time that discussion shoul
? ovli.niwd.ul -III
ccasi;. *% J. ui^unit'iu i.*> v.Aiuiiir'n/'ij ?! <
M?s' though wo may 1101 be called upon to "stun
''} by our arms," we should be prepared I
?b- adopt efficient and decisive measures ft
Mid our own security, as soon as it shall be a:
this c r ained that 'die combined guarantees ?
d international law and of our constitution;
compact of Union, are insufficient to re:
hta- tj-.n'n the ferocious spirit of fanatical iutei
Ij-- ferencc, which is now waging war again
iub- oljr institutions. It is no longer to be e!
dureJ that the federal compact. wluc b shou
our be a covenant of eternal pence among t!
ton- States, and a shield to protect their res pec
ling ive institutions from every species of nun
I)e- a! intermeddling, should be used as the coi
invc slant pretext for tin's conspiracy against 01
era- own lives, our proper v. and our charnctc
o !. \V :n;:st !>> per::': t" I a ?' oulv *n error c
ights of property, bu: ;o enjoy ihem'in peace j
.nil security. It is a gross outrage for ;
me community to attempt to overthrow the j
nstitutions of another, crrn hy discussion.
f committed bv a foreign State, it is a just
atise of war; if by a confederated State, it is :
i just cause of separation. In ci:!ier case j
I is a simple question of expediency to de- j
ermine when the evil has assumed a char- j
ic'er to warrant a resort to the ul.imate re- I
nedy.
Such is the rapid progress of the spirit j
t)fabolition in the non-slave-holding States,
that no human sagacity can tell how soon j
that period may arrive. We fatally deceive
ourselves, if we suppose its fury abated.
Oil the contrary it appears from die annual
report of the American Anti-Slavery Society
which assembled at New-York in May
las', that the Abolition Societies had swelled
in number from 200 to 520, since the
report of the preceding year. The Society
triumphantly boasts of its progress, declares
ii-lmni ir denominates
i!s ri'iiuucu hivctv < iiv/*.. -;h?j
"bone and muscle of society," the "hardhanded,
clear-headed free laborers and mechanics
of lite North," and that the opposition
to the abolitionists is confined to ' tiie
head and tail of society; purse proud aristocrats,
and penny loss profligates." It then
proceeds with the infuriated zeal, but without
the piety, of Peter the Hermit, to rally
its partiznns for a crusade against the slaveholders,
bv exclaiming: ''friends and fellow
laborers, the enemy stands openly before
us. I lis foot is 011 the neck ol 2.500,000
of our fellow men. lie asserts the right to
maintain his position and increase the number
of his victims. He begs no longer jurors
from the circumstances of the case ; he boldly
avows slavery to be the best condition ot
j tiio laborer. fc?uch is the enemy we liud
' rampant amidst our five institutions."
j in tins strain of insolent assumption the
American Anti-Slavery Society continues
: through some fifty pages to denounce the
, slave-holders, for the obvious and avowed
! purpose of holding them up to the abhorrence
j of ill--Northern people, confidently affirm.
i "...:ii
ini; that the ^yeomanry oi nie taim W III Ulllll
I in Ilii.s question, and identify their interests
! with those of the slave." That they wil
j "throw away political and sectarian prcdi;
lections, and stand forth on the broad grounc
of human rights." And that ''from this
I class the cause will always gain, and novci
: lose, till slave-holding shall be synonimouJ
with robbery in public opinion, as it is in
j fact."
i I have long b -lieved iliat while a large por
I lion of the men of intelligence and properly
j in the Nor.ii, were oj>posed to every specie:
of interference with the institutions of tin
i slave-holding States, tlie great bodv'of tin
- ? ? I i*
|>'.'0{>l0, llOiUlCil oy tWlt CiilSS Ul uv?|;ciu:i
j*o!i i -ians, who hoi-.t that no charters an
sacred, wouid rinally rally under t!?o ban
ncrs of the abolitionists and carrv every thin;
before them in the elections. When thi
crisis shall arrive, those who now claim fo
Congress the constitutional power to email
cipatothe slaves in tlie District of Colum
bin, will as boldly claim the same power ii
! regard to the States. Their whole cours
,! demonstrates that this is the consummutioi
j at which they are aiming. It is ncithe
I calculated nor designed to convert the slave
"j holders, hut to unite the people of the slave
; holding States in favor of the emancipatiVi
I of our slaves. And it is evident that thi
would not conduce, in any respect, to th
j accomplishment of their object, unless bv
' " *?K\*ou?n 1
I resort io icgisiauve [ioh li ui
Such being the apparent tendency an
,! design of these discussions and proceeding?
j it devolves upon you to decide what meas
: ures shall be adopted to arrest them. I
; many of the popular meetings at the Soutl
p | assembled to considerable subject of the pre
11 ceedings of the .Vbolitionisis, the States i
: which those proceedings were carried 01
; i were called upon to suppress them by pen;
; I enactments, and it was declared that if ih
I redress should be refused, it would be ex pi
i! dient for the slave-holding States to meeti
. i Convention to consider the means of prolei
. j ting themselves. Jn alluding to these pr<
r j ceedings at the South, the American An
; j Slavery Society cxultingiy declares that n
i legislative body in the non-siaveholdin
. States, and hut one popular meeting, ha
5 dared to propose penal enactments again
. thcaboli.ionisis, and yet that the slave-holt
;1 ing Slates shrunk from the execution
.! their threatened call of a Convention. Th
' ? ni; r.nr? of i's sirrns <
ino i^ociuiy s .'is iwini ? --C7?
i encouragement, and adds. "die threat
. grown stale, and i's terror can never I
C* ...
, restored.'' The intention is finally declan
li of urging upon Congress the immcdia
n abolition ofslavery in the District ofColun
L> hia,and the hope is expressed that the t
|. j hies of that body will "groan with a tenfo
(f! weight of petitions."
i, 14 It is quite apparent that as long as tl
: .halls of Congress shall he open to the di
ih cession of this question, we can have neitl
.. j or peace nor security, and it is still mo
s apparent, that whenever the federal legisl
ture shall usurp the power of emancipatir
it thesla\es in the District of Columbia, tl
li only security of the Southern Sates will co
r. sist in promptly and peaceably withdrawn
from the Cnion. With a view, therefor
:e ! of warning the people of the North of tl
. hcm i iti;i (Jnil. til
c ! conseqiK'iu-tr.s u? Ull U 7III |'UMV7 ...
r. they may be; rest rail jed from longer agi'atii
! a subject so deeply involving our very e
j istence as a people, I suggest to von the e
j j pediencv of making a solemn legisluti
((j J declaration, that Congress has no right
(0 abolish slavery in the J)is rict of Columbi
)r ; and is under no constitutional obligation
. i receive the petitions of the people of any
n,(*J the States, praying for such abolition; a
a| I that whenever Congress shall cmancipi
s. I the slaves in the said i h strict, or in any
r. I the Territories of the I'nited States, Sot
... i Carolina, in common with the other shn
j holding States, will he absolved from
;j I constitutional or moral"obligation to reinr
1C. j any longer in the Union, and may righltu
: and peacefully withdraw from it.
u- While Sou'h Carolina is thus indignan
i- repelling all foreign attempts to violate t
ur i sanctuary and endanger the existence of I
r. ' domestic institutions, it becomes her, in
p.-fMiiar ii]'!iitiAr. *<? nbs'am I fm; < very s
*
of intorlerence with the domestic concerns m
or domestic controversies of all oilier S.ates,
foreign or confederate. The doctrine ot a
non-interference, is one of the most impor- [,
tant in the code of international law, and 0
there arc 110 communities on earth who tj
should hold it so sacred as the slave-holding r.
States of this Union.?If by their example
in giving countenance to the unlawful en- ,
?* L " * Si
terprizos ot their own citizens against a
neighboring and nectual power, they should c
weaken the influence of that principle among 8
nations, they would commit an offence a- 0
gainst their own institutions, by impairing 5
the sanctity of their surest guarantee. o
" - : i i i./
rilllcrrailmi^ uicsu u|jimuns, i iiuvu iuum.-u v
with very deep concern, r.ot unmingled 'j
i with regret, upon the occurrences which ^
have taken place during the present year, L
in various parts of the United States, relative
! to the civil war which is still in progress,
between the Republic of .Mexico, and one of
i her revoked Provinces. It is true that no *
country can he responsible for the sympa- 1
! thics of its citizens; but I am nevertheless 1
i utterly at a loss to perceive what title cither <
of the parties to this controversy can have, t
to the sympathies of the American people. (
: If it be allodged that the insurgents ot Texas i
are emigrants from the United States, it is (
obvious to reply that by their voluntary expatriation?under
whatever circumstance of
| adventure, of speculation, of honor or of
infamy?they have forfeited all claim-to our
fraternal regard. If it l>e even true that
' thev have left a land of freedom for a kind
i of despotism, they have done it with their
i eyes open and deserve their destiny. There
j is but too much reason to believe that many
of them have gone as mere uuvemurui-s,
'] speculating upon the chances of establishing
an independent government in Texas,
and of seizing that immense and fer.ilc do- '
; { main by the title of the sword. But be this
i i as it may, when llicy became citizens of
j Mexico, they became subject to the const i.
I ! tution and laws of that country ; and what- |
: ever changes the Mexican people may have \
. since made in that constitution and those
i j laws, they are matters with which foreign
; i States can have no concern, and of which
I! they have no right to take cognizance, i
. 1 trust, therefore, that the State ofSouthCaroI
lina will give no countenance, direct or in>
I direct, open or concealed, to any acts which
r may compromitthe neutrality of the United
? ? . a ;
3 States, or bring into question their plightea i
1 . faith. Justice?s'ern and unbending jus|
tice?in our intercourse with odier States,
. should be paramount to nil the considcnt;
tions of mere expediency, even it were pos3
sibie that these could bo separated. Cut
2 they cannot. Justice is the highest cxpe2!
diency, and I am sure South Carolina is
e the last State in the Union that would know- 1
2 . ingly violate this sacred canon of political
.' morality.
g J If any consideration conld add to the ins
, trinsic weight of these high inducements to
r j abstain from every species of interference
- with the domestic affairs of a neighliormg
- and friendly State, it would be the tremenfi
; dous retribution to which we are so peculiar,
e i |y exposed on our Soutli-western frontier,
n i from measures of retaliation. Should Mexr
ico declare war against the United States,
' and aided by some great European power,
- | hoist the standard of servile insurrection
n in Louisana and the neighboring States,
s how deep would be our self-reproaches in
e reflecting that these atrocious proceedings,
a received even a colorable apology from
j the unlawful conduct ol our own citizens;
d i There is one question, connected with
tliis controversy, ol a definite character, tipi
on which it may be proper that you should
n express an opinion. You are doubtless
'? ! aware that the people of Texas, by an a!most
unanimous vote, have expressed their
11 desire to be admitted into our confederacy,
b ; and application will probably be made to
; Congress for that purpose. In my opinion,
1S Congress ought not even to entertain such
3* a proposition, in the present state of con1,1
troversy. If we admit Texas into our Union,
while Mexico is still waging war agains:
]' that Province, with a view lo re-establish
her supremacy over it, we sJiall, by the very
0 act itself\ make ourselves a party to the
? } war. Nor, can we take this step, without
d j incurring this heavy responsibility, until
st Mexico herself recognize the independence
l'* , of her revolted Province.
|*;
. I Wc have no official information of the
precise state of our relations with Mexico.
Enough is known, however, to satisfy us
* 1 that the conjuncture is eminently critical.
, Let us be scrupulously careful that we do
" nolhinir lo countenance, and all we can to
? 1 p - \v,. ,,r?
7 ! prevent the calamity oi a ?ai. ??v,
? ' now enframed in a fearful and doubtful structd*
J o ^ o
jj gle to reform our federal system of govern!
menf, by throwingotrtbecorruptions undci
I which it is rapidly sinking.
s. ! In this state ot things a war with any
|j. I country would be the greatest of calamities ;
re for we could scarcely hope to come oul
a. of it with any thing but the men? wreck
)(r of a free constipation, and the external forms
)e of a free government.
n- But may Heaven avert these inauspicioiu
ig omens, and direct all your measures to th(
e, advancement of our true glory and las in<j
he happiness as a free and a favored people,
at | GEO. McDUFFIE.
* "Tr 4 nmmrrr
*;: CliEKA VV tjrAZiX.X X XL..
ve TUESDAY, DECEJIIIYK G, 183.1.
10; ? in,
Although the Governor's Message was pnn
to ted and distributed in Columbia on Tuesday an<
of i was received in Charleston on Wednesday
rid J we received no copy of it before Saturday. I
ite [ came in the Charleston papers a few hour
ot after we received it directly from Columbia
: We are indebted to the industrious exertion
! of our printers for getting it into this week'
. | paper. It excludes all news, of which, how
1111 i
U ' ever, their was but litte to give. Nothing c
' any importance has yet been done in the Leg
jl I islature of either this State or North Carolinr
j,"e In the Senate of this State Patiick Noble <
,cr , Abbeville, was elected President; and in tl:
a House of Representatives R- !- Wardlav
a!?o of v,Ka. j5l.\ Streaker.
ESSAGE OF GOV. SPAIGHT, OF .1. UBunna*
This document, after adverting to the attention
feeling growing out of the late contest
etween the East and West, on the subject
f amending the constitution, and expressing
le strange opinion that it may not cease duing
the life of the present generation, recomlends
a change in the judicial districts that
hould lessen the labor of the Judges. It reommends
such alteration of the criminal laws
s shall secure a more speedy punisliment of
Tenders. It states the literary fund to be
>242,045 09, besides 141 shares in the Bank
f Newbern, and 2S3 shares in the Bank of N.
Carolina; and suggests an increase of it.?
The fund for internal improvement is stated to
ie 837,417 89, besides outstanding bonds and
tividends on Bank stock; which will be inTeased
by the proceeds of Cherokee lands not
sold at former sales. The total amount received
into the Treasury during the last year?
? A \ d. OA m ?rif? frnm ln^Tl sunnnnft:
S X U V l/it 'i VIII ^ ?W^W? J
rom taxes, $71,382 85; from Bank dividends.
5?115,033 50. The disbursements amounted
;o ?589,086 62; leaving a deficiency of $2,370
38.' 11 is recommended that some change
be made in the mode of assessing land. Under
the present mode, every man assessing his
own land, the conscientious pay their fall proportion,
but the dishonest do not. It is recommended
that a longer time be allowed for
the Treasurer to qualify, and that the amount
of the bond required of him be reduced. A
reform of the Militia laws is recommended, but
no specific change proposed, except some provision
for appointing the officers of volunteer
companies, if called for by the President.
The message suggests that if the General
Assembly receive the share to which the State
may be entitled of the "surplus revenue" of
the United States, it be invested upon unquestionable
security, which would provide for the
return of it when demanded, and enable the
State to use the interest for promoting education,
or other objects.
The Governor, in connection with this subject,
takes occasion to express the opinion that
the act of "compromise between Nullification
and a protecting Tariff!" under the operation
of which the surplus revenue accumulates,
ought to be repealed, or altered. lie admits
it was a compact, but Jakes the ground that
I*/-* twAnln / iwl nnt authorize such a compact.
|/VV|/iv u?u
and that therefore it may be violated.
lie states that he issued a writ of election
to supply a vacancy in the Senate, but doubts
the validity of the proceeding, because the
law which authorized it was passed in pursuance
of a provision of the new constitution,
before the new constitution went into opera|
tion, and whilst the Legislature was sitting
! under the old constitution, which provided a
: different mode of supplying vacancies in tho
; F^rrislature.
I The remainder of I he message refers to do;
cuments sent to the Legislature.
j Mr. Mangum, U. S. Senator from North
j Carolina, lias resigned.
Semixole War.?It is stated in the
j Charleston papers that arrivals from Jackson.
ville (E. F.) bring intelligence of two battles
by the Tennessee and Florida volunteers with
i the Indians, in both which the Indians were
defeated. The first took place on the 16th
} Nov. at Wahoo swamp, and lasted about an
; hour, when the Indians retreated, having lost
; 20 killed; number of wounded not ascertained.
They were pursued nc.\t day and overtaken
j near nightfall, when another engagement of
j more than an hour took place, after which
they again retreated, carrying their killed and
woimdpd. I,oss of the whites in both engage
I
i ments 5 killed and 10 wounded. A negro
j who was captured states that about half the
; Indians were in the engagement; and that
they are short of provisions and inclined to
terminate the war.
Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Rail
Road. We understand (says the Knoxville
Register, lOrli inst.) the Commissioners have
transmitted the amount of stock subscribed, to
Gov. Cannon for the purpose of obtaining his
subscription on behalf of the State?ana we
are happy to learn that the Governor will
promptly subscribe for one third of the estimated
cost of constructing the road withm the
limits of this State?this third will probably be
about a million of dollars.
The following is the total number of Shares
taken in the different States in which subscrip*
1 ^ Q/>iitli Pamlina.
tions nave oeen upt*ucu. ,
83GJ; North-Carolina 1026; Tennessee, 8,554;
! Kentucky, 1871; Ohio, 122.
Tiie Legislature of Tennessee, at its recent
session, appropriated five thousand dollars for
the purpose of surveying through that State
the route of the Louisville, Cincinnati and
Charleston Rail Road.
Greenville, Nov. 19.?Meteors?again
^ We learn that the jieople in the neighborhood
of Maybinton, Newberry District, witnessed
' the fall of an immense number oi Meteors, which
! made their appearance at about 12 o'clock on
Saturday night last,and continued their descent
5 until daylight the next morning. It is said
. their number was not near so great as the
\ "falling of the stars" (as it is usually termed)
' three years since; but the spectacle is repie
seated as having been very bnlJiant ana unusual.
It will be recollected that last Sunday
was the 13th;and that this last Meteoric display
of nature's fire works took place on the same
day of the month and at about the same hour,
as in 1833. We have not lea: n\ whether these
. Meteors were visible at any other place than
the above, but presume they were.
I The Meteors.?We sec it stated that on
the night of the 13th inst. being the anniversa'
ry of the brilliant shower of meteors in 1834,
the same phenomenon was observed in various
s places, though in a more moderate way. The
.. fact is now pretty well established, that an ans
nual repetition of the phenomenon may be expected
on or near the 13th of November in
b each year.?[A'. Y.Jour. Com.[
e Bostox, Nov. 18.?The A ffair at Smyrna.?
} Captain Inglee, of brig Banian, from Smyrna,
r" states that lie entered a protest before his dei.
parlure, against the unwarrantable detention
3f of his vessel by the command of the French
squadron on that station; which, with a repre1C
sentation of the affair, has been forwarded bytlic
American Consul, Mr. Offley, to our govcrn?,)
*?>?. will bo recollected t'iaf the French