Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1819-1821, December 10, 1829, Image 2
J b ?rrvil)' ul QutKr, that tUe 1?*? ^
the collection *n?i Mtu.iiy uf ike <*< venue
ftrMng fn?m im|>o?u ?m* chiefly trained
when the rate# of duties on Imported jjo-mU
presented murl? le*? tempUIMM l<>t illicit
trade than at pre*rnt ealM?. There UrcitMHi
to heticve, thi?t the*e law* are, In tome re
spect*. ouite in%ulfl? lent f??r the projier m:
curity hi the io\enur, ^nd ihe pMt?cil>iii ?'f
the interim ol tho*e wli?? arc dupoeedtoj
?t?Mr,?>K thorn, The injurious and uvmorul- j
bill.*; tendency ?f a MKc<v?ful ?v?tem of]
smuggling, i* kit o|>v ioui 41 not to 'cqtitrc1
Mmncnti Mul cannot ||? too carefully K?iar?j
d?d ag.iiukU I therefore *ut;gc*t to Con-]
Greaa the p?n|)rwty of efficient
measure* to prevent this evil) avoiding,
hnweter, ?? uuich an |io*?i!>le, every tie*
etssary infringement of individual libei ty,
and cinburraumeut of fdr and lawful buvi
ticw.
On an examination of the record* of the
Treasury, 1 have been forcibly struck with
the large amount of public money which ap?
pe#rs to be outstanding. Of the ram thus
due fiom individual# to the Government, a
lootidtt able portion, it undoubtedly despe
rate} ami In mnny instances, has probably
been rendered to by remissness in the agents
charged with lt?collection. By proper ex
ortiotis a great part, however, may yet be
recovered (and, whatever may oe the por
tion* respectively, belonging to these two
diMfi, It behoves the Government to as
certain the real state of the fact. This can
be done only by the prompt adoption of ju
dicious measures for the collection at such
ns may be made available. It is believed
that a vrry large amot.nt hat been lost
through the inadequacy of the mean* provi
ded for the coilcction ?f debts due to the
fiubllc, and that this inadequacy lies chiefly
n the want of legal skill, habitually and
constantly employed in the direction of the
agents engaged in the service. It must, I
think, be admitted, that the supervisory
power over suit* brought by the public,
which is now vested in an accounting ? fficer
of the Treasury, not selected .with a view
to his legal knowledge, and cneunibered as
he is with numerous other duties, opeiates
unfavorably to the public interest.
It is important that this branch of the
public service should be subjected to the
supervision of such nrofessionul skill as will
give it efficiency. 't he expense attendant
upon such a modification of the Executive
Department would be justified by the sound
eat principles of economy. 1 would recom
mend, therefore, that the duties now asign
to the Agent of the Treasury, so far as the)
relate to the superintendence ai.d manage
TOent of legal proceedings, on the, pat t of
^he United States, be tranfet red to the At
tomcy General, and that this officer he pin
red on the same footing, in all rrspc-tts *s
the Heads of the other Departuu-nis??re
tfciving like compensation, and h iving ?urh
subordinate officers provided lor his !)?
ynrtincnt, as may lie requisite for t!-e di?
charge of these additional duties. The pro
fessional akill of the Attorney General, em
ployed In directing the conduct of Marshal*
unci District Attorneys, would hasten the
rollcction ot dcl)ts now in suit, and, hereaf
ter, save much to the Government. It
might be further extended to the superin
tendence 'f ?H uiminal proceedings for of
f'-nces againtt t!ie United States. In ma
king this transfer, great cure should l?e ta
ken, however, that the power necessary t<.
the Treasury Department be not impaired:
one of its grcatcs*. see unties consisting in a
control overall accounts, until they are au
dited or reported for suit.
Iii connexion with the foregoing view*. 1
V'?uld suggest, also, un inouii), whether
tbc provisions of the net nt Congress, au
thorising the discharge ol the persons of
? debtors to the Government, from imprison
ment, mav not, consistently with the public
* interest, be extended to the release of the
debt, where the conduct ot the debtor is
wholly exempt from the imputation of fraud.
?pbmemorc liberal policy than that which
now prevails, In reference to this unfortu
nate elan of citisen?, is certainly duo to
. ibem, and would prove heneficiitl to the
<0osntrr. The continuance of the liability,
the means to discharge it h:ttc been
?exhausted,, can only serve to dispirit the
debtor; or, where his resources are but par
tial# the wnntof power in the Government
10 compromVe and release the demand, in*
?HgiMe to fi?aud, as the only resource f<>t
Sfecnring a support to his family. He thus
?sinks Into a state apathy, ami becomes a
nielesdroae in socicty, or a vicious member
<ef tt,lfM4a feeling witness of the rigm atvl
4uhumanity of Ills country. All experience
proven, that Oppressive debt is the bane of
? oterprltc} and it should be the care of a
BepubHc not tfo exert a grinding power over
^miifortuneancl poverty.
Sfaeo the l?t Resaion of Congress, nu
merous fraud* on theTroasury have been
discoverod, wh.ich I thought it my duty to
bring under tli*cognisance of the United
flutes' Court fot this district, by a criminal
irosecution. It wss my opinion, and that
f abtn counsel who were consulted, that
to cases camo Wf thin the ponalties of the act
'the 17th Cong?**?si?, approved 3d March,
*13,providing mir the puniahment offraud*
Emitted onlho Government of the Unit
<X9tates. Either from some defect in tho
lti>of in its administration, every effort to
the areused tor> trial under its provi
ifiot proved ineffectual; artd the govem
mot^waadriven toUienseeasity of resorting
to th vague and inadequate provisions of
thee4nmon law. Itiatherefor*!my duty to
rtall yur attention to the laws which have
been psned for the protection of the Trea^
turt. 'f, indeod, thvro be no provision by
which hose who may bn unworthily en
trusted -ith it# guardianship, can be pun
-* ished forhn most llagrant violation of du
ty, extorting oven to the most fraudulnnt
-appropriaon of the public funds to their
on*ji ust>, t ia time to remedy ho danger
?ous ?u ontmion. Or, if the law haw been
^rverted Dim its original purposes, and'
5>4:mi.ialji. decrring to be punished under
fUp,"ovision*havo i?een resetted by legal
to be made ho plain, by i
anienda?''T phviwons, s? to baffle the arts
of pervcrt-x>n, ?nd accomplish tho enda of
ICl original enatment.
Tn oil! of* *1" rnont flagrant rancs, the
f'ourt decided 'bit tho pr mecution w.??
barred by the e?'at?ito which limit* nroac
nition for fraud to ?WO year*. In thine*:**
all the evidence* <f .'raud, and indeed all
Icnowledge that a fauu had lieon commit
Jad, were in mmumkn of *he party aectmed
*mtil after Inn two yearn had elapsed.
HjirHy thectatutr ongVt not to run in fitror
or any ntnn while h? rrfainnafl the eviden
ces of hi* crime in hie own nomemon and,
leant of all, in fcvor of a puhfic INflcer who
<*mtinuc? to defraud the Troaawr and con
oat the tranwiction f r the brief term of
tw<1 year*. I would therefor* recommend
audi an alteration of tho law an will give
the injured party and the Government two
ytftv* after the dMckxiire of the fraud, or .
after tho accused ia out ofoffire, to rone- I
proeeeuHfn.
In COUOftxiuQ <Mt Uu^JflhfrK*, * ?uv*4dl|
tlic attention of Congre# to ft jrcuorul sod:<
miuuttf inquiry iutu the onudltion dfthf I
Government; with a view to MMiUit
what offices can be ilbprand Wftk, what
oipvowi retrenched, and what iaofov*
menta may bo made in the orguiMttai of
it* variiwi part*, to secure the proper re
sponsibility of public agents, and prompts
ctttcirncy and juatire in all its operation*.
The re|>ort of tlie Secretary of War will
I make you acquainted with the condition of
onr Armv, Fortifications, Arsenals, and
Indian AutuN. The proper dlaoUdln* cf
us
Point, tnd the accnsaulation of the means
ol defence, applicable to the Naval foreo
will tend to prolong the peace wo now
joy and_whfeh ?eery fiod
especially Umt who have felt the miseries
of even a rooccsaftd wtito mu?t ardent
ee of this servieo exhibit a regularity and
cheerfulness which becomes the profession
>fuw. There is need, however, of fur
ther IcguUUon, to obviate the inoonven
iencee speciAedin the report under consid
eration: to somo of which H ie proper that
11 should call your particular attention. -
I The act of Congreee of tho id March,
1321, to reduce an < fix the military estab
lishment, remaining unexecutedaeitre^
gards the command of one of the r^
of artillery, cannot now be deenH
to the Executive in making the
pointment. An explanatory aff^pi
ting the darn of officera out of whkh this|
grade in to be dlled?whether from the mil
itary list, an existing prior to theactof 1881
or from it, as it has been fixed by that act
would remove this difficulty. It ia also
important that tho laws regulating tho pay
and emoluments of officers generally should
be more specific than they now are. Thoso
I for example, in relation t<* the Paymaster
land Surgeon General, assign to them an
nnnual salary of two thousand firo hun
dred dollars; but are silent as to allowances
which, in certain exigencies of the service
I may ho deemed indinpensible to tho dis
charge of their duties. This circumstance
has Men the authority for extending to
them various allowances, at different
times, under former administrationa: hut
no uniform rule has been observed on the
subject. Bimilar inconveniences exist in
other cases: in which the construction put
upon the laws by the public accountants
muy operateunoqually, produce confusion,
and expose officers to the odium of claiming
what is not their duo.
I recommend to your fostering care, a?
on? of uur safest means of national defence
tliu Military Academy. Thin institution
ban already exercised tho happiest influ
ence upon the moral and intclloctual char
actor or our array, and such of tho gradu
ates an from various causes, may not pur
sue tho profession of arms, will l*> scarcely
lo?* uhcIiiI a* citizens. Their knowledge
of tho military art will be advantageously
employed in tho militia service; and, in a
measure, secure to that claim of troops the
advantages which, in this respect, belong
i to standing armies.
1 would also suggest a review in the
I Tension law, for the purpose of extending
its benefits to every revolutionary soldier
? who aided in establishing our liberties, and
1 who is uuablu to maintain himself in com
fort. Thcso relics of the war of Indepen
dence have strong claims upon their coun
try's gratitude and bounty. Tho law in
dcfcetivo.in not embracing within its pro
visions all those who were during the last
war, disabled from supporting themselves
by manual labor. Such an amendment
would add but little to the amount of pen
sions, and is called for by the sympathies
of the peoplo, as well as by considerations
of sound policy. It will ho perceived that
a largo addition to the list of pensioners has
been occasioned by an order of the lato ad
ministration, departing materially from the
rules which had previously prevailed.?
Considering it an act of legislation, I sus
pended its operations as soon as 1 was in
formed that it bail commenced. ' Before
this period, however, applications under
tho new regulations had necn preferred to
tho number of one hundred and fifty four;
of which, on the 27th of March, tho date of
its revocation, eighty seven were admit
ted. For the amount there was neither es
timate nor appropriation; and besides this
deficiency, the regular allowances, accor
ding to tho rules which have heretofore go
verned the dopartment, oxcced the estimate
of its late Secretary, by about fifty thou
sand dollars; for which an appropriation is
asked.
Your particular attention is requcv:^d to
that part of tho roport of the secretary <4
war, which relates to the money hold m
trust for tho Seneca tribe of Indians. It
will bo perceived that withoat legislative
aid, the executive cannot obviate the em
barrassments occasioned by the diminution
of tho dividends on that fund; which origi
nally amounted to|ono hundred thousand
dollars, and ban recently l?ecn invested in
United States' three per cent, stock.
The condition and ulterior destiny of tho
Indian tribes within the limits of some of
our States, have becomo objects of much
interest and nnnortance. It has lone-(men
tho policy of Government to introduce a
mong them the arts of civilisation, in the
hope of gradually reclaiming them from a
wandering life. This policy lias, howover
been coupled with another, whollv incom
patible with its succem: Professing a do
sire to civilize and settle them, we have at
the mine time, lost no opportunity to pur
chase their lands and thrust them further
into the wiklorness By this means they
have not only been kept in a wandering
state, but l>eon led to look upon us as un
just, and indifferent to their fcto. Thus,
though lavish in its expenditures upon the
subject, Government hss constantly defea
ted its own policy; and the Indisns in ge
neral needing further and farther to the
West, have retained their savage habits.?
A portion, however, of tho southern tribes
lisving mingled much with the whites, snd
made some progress in the srts of civilised
life, hsve lately attempted to ereet an inde
pendent government within the limits of
Georgia and Alabama These States, clai
ming to ho tho only sovereigns within
their territories, extended their laws over
the Indians; which induced tho latter to
call unoa the United States for protection.
Under theso circumstances, the question
presented was, wliether the General Go
remment had a right to sustain thoso peo
ple in their pretensions 1 The Constitution
loclsree, that " no new Stale ehall lie for
ned or erected within the jurisdiction of
iny other Mate, without the d?nsent of Ms
?gislature." If the CfoaeMl Government
i not permitted to tolerate the erection of
tier conavnt, much leas coukl it allow * fo-;
reign and independent government to ee
libm itMtr then. Geurcii became at
RWnber of the wnMtncjr which eventu- >
Mod in our federal union u a sovereign
State, al way siMrtioc her claim to certain ?
limits, which, having Tx-?n originally deft-)
Bed in her colonial cltartcr, andsttbeequrnt
ly recognised In the treaty of peace, aho
haa ever since continued to enioy. ?K?))t
as they have been circumscribed by Iter
own Voluntary transfer of a portion of Iter
territory to the United State*, in the arti
cle* of ccsaion of 1809. Alabama wee ad
mitted into the Union on th* same footing
rith the original Statee, with boundaries
*? mm.. .1 ...
which were pt**cribedby CdmhO.
is AO constitutional, conventional, <
prorkion. which allow* them l**|
?There
orfcgal
m power
within their borders, than
?Mor New York.?
Bine permit the ?
nobacot tribe tn?H
vemment within ?
they Ad, would It not be the duty of the
|General Government to aupport them In
res->t fox such a measure 1 Would the peo
each remnant of
?her borders, to de
clare itself sn independent people, under
the protection of the United States 1 Could
the Indian* establish a separate ie*ublio on
each of their reservations in Ohie 1 And
if th*y were * > dispoced, would it bo the
duty of this Government to protect them
in.tho attempt 1 If the principle involved
in th* obvious answer to the** questions,
lb* abandoned, it" will follow thst the ob
jects of this government are ravwsed; and
I that it has become a part of its duty to aid
Itn deitroving th* States which it was es
tablished to protect.
Actuated by thin viow of the M^Jtct, I
informed tho. Indians inhabiting parts of
Georgia and Alabrma, that their attempt
to establish an independent government
would not be countenanced bjr tVe executive
ofthe United States.and advised them toein
igrate beyond the Mississippi, or Mibmit to
tho laws of those States.
Our conduct towards these people is deep
ly interesting to our national character. ?
Their present condition, contrasted with
what tney once were, makes a most pow
erful appeal to our sympathies. Our an
cestors found them the uncontrolled posses
sors of these vast regions. By persuasion
and forcc, they have been made tb retire
from river to river, and from mountain to
mountain; until some of the tribes have
become extinct, and others have left but
remnants to preserve for a while, their once
terrible names. Surrounded by the whites ]
with their arts of civilisation, which, by i
destroying the resource* of the savage,
doom nim to weakness and decay, the latu
of the Mohegan,the Narragansett, and the
Delaware, is fast overtaking the Choctaw,
the Cherokoo, and the Creek. That tin*
fate surely awaits them, if they remain
within the limits of the States, does not
admit of a doubt. Humanity and national
honor demand that every effort should l?e
made toavert so great a calamity. It in loo
late to inquire whether it was just in the
United States to include them and their ter
ritory within the Ixtunds of new States
whose limits thoy couldcontrol. Thatstcp
cannot be retraced. A State cannot be di?
memliered by Congress, or restricted in the
exorcise of her constitutional power. Hut
the people of these States, and of every
State actuated by feelings of iuhtire and
regard for our national honor, submit to you
the interesting question, whether some
thing cannot be done, consistently with the
rights of tho States, to preserve thin much
injured raeo 1
Aa a means of eflbctlng this end, I sug
gest, lor your consideration, the propriety
of aettinr apart an ample district Wc?A>f
the Mississippi. and without the limits oi
any State or Territory now foroud, to Ik?
ES ntccd to the Indian tribes, aa long aa
ihall occupy it; each tribe having a
rt control over the portion designated
for ita use. There they may bo accured in
the enjoyment ot governments of their own
choice: suhiect to no other control from the
United States, than such aa may ho neces
sary to preservo'peace on tlie frontier, and
between the several tribea. There the
benevolent may endeavor to teach them the
arts of civilization; and bv |>romoting un
ion and harmony among them, to raise up
an interest!rg commonwealth, destined to
perpetuate tho tooe, and to attest the hu
manity and justice of this Government.
Th(a emigration should be voluntary; for
it would he aa cruel as unjuat to compel the
aborigines to abandon the graves of their
fathers, and aeek a home in a distant laud.
Dot they should be distinctly informed, that
if they remain within the limits ot the State
they must be subject to their laws. In re
turn for their otwdience, aa individuals,
they will without doobt, be protected in
tho enjoymeat of those possessions which
they havo improved by their industry. But
it seems to me visioifturr to suppose (hat.
in this state of things; claims can be allow
ed on tracts of country on which tliey have
neither dwelt nor made improvements,
merely Itecauao they have seen them from
the mountain, or passed them in the chaae.
Submitting to tho laws of the.States and
receiving, like other citizen*, protection in
their nertona and property, tbev will, ere
long, become merged in the max* of our
population.
I he accompanying report of the Hccrc
?y of the navy will mailt*; you acquainted
with the condition and ueeful employment
of that branch of our aervice, during tlio
Sroeant year. Constituting, aa it doc*,
le heat atending security of thin country
against foreign aggression, it claima the
eapccbl attention or Government. In thin
spirit, the measure* which, since the term
ination of the laat war, Imve been in opera
tion f<* ite gradual enlargement, were ad
opted ; andit ahouhl continue to be cher
ished an the offspring of our national expe
rience. It will ho aeen, however, that,
notWithatanding the grant solicitude which
haa been manifcetcd lor Uia perfect organi
sation of thia arm. and the liberality of the
appropriationa which that eollettudo ban
sugguated, thia object h*a, in many impor
| tant reapecta, not neen aecured.
In timo of peace, we have need of no
more ahipa of war than are requisite to tbn
protection of our commerce. Thoac not
wanted for thia object, muat lay in the bar
bora, where without proper covering, they
rapidly decay; and even under the l*at
prceMfiona for their preservation, muat
become uealeea. Kuch la already the caae
with many of our fineat veaaela; which
though unfinished, will now require im
menae aumaof money to be restored to the
condition in which tney w?rr when com
mitted to their proper element. On thia
?uhket there can be but little doubt that
our beet policy would be, to discontinue the
building of ahipa of the first and second
claee; Md look rather to the poaaaeaion of
?mpl? material* prepared for the emergen
efeaofwnr, than
irtilrh wt cart float iif l
the Imhi of our neVal
deposit** in Navv yard*, of timber and
m materials, iMnkinrd under Dm hands of
skilful workkmen. and fitted for prompt
application t? their various pUrpuese.
would *nable ue, at all lanw, to construe!
Vessels as fast as they can be manned, and
save tho hoary espouse of repairs, except
to such vessels as must be employod In
gusrding ouroommsroe. The proper points
for the establishment of these yards sre in
i dicated with so much force, in the *
i of the Navy Board, that, in recoara
! it to your attention,.! deem it unnecessary
I to do more than express my hearty con
currence in their views. The Yard m this
District, beingalready tarnished with taost
bulld
??ly ofthel
ho supply ofthe
as the beet for
Ion of, materials; and from
the facility and ccrtsinty of communica
tion between thorn, |t will be useless to in
cur, at these depots* tho expense of similar
machinery, especially that used in prspa
i ring tho ususl metallic and wooden Atmi*
1 ture of vessels.
J Another improvement would bo cflected
? by dispensing altogether with tho Navy
tfoard, as now constituted ; and substitu
ting, in its stead, bureaus, si mils r to those
already existing in the War Department,
'tiatii member cw the Board, transferred to
tho Itesd of a separate bureau, charged with
1 specific duties, would feel, in itspUgbset
| decree, that wholesomo responsibility
I which cannot bo divided without s far
1 more than proportionate diminution of its
force. Their valuable services would be
come still more so when separately appro
priated to distinct portions of the crest
interest* of the Navy, to the prosperity of
which each would be impelled to devote
himself by tho strongest motive*. Under
Mich an arrangement, every branch of thia
important service would assume a mure
simple and precise character ; its efficiency
would l>e increased, and scrupulousecono
my in tho expenditure of public money
promoted.
I would also recommend that the marine
corps be merged in the artillery or infantry,
na tliii A ? 1 * *
as thv ben mode of curing the many defects
' " (animation. But little exceeding
er any of the rcgiin nts of infantry,
that corpa has, liesides it* Lieutenant Colo
hi numlier
* *nyn nun, uenitien IM IjICUienaM UOIO
nel Commandant, five Brevet Lieutenant
Colonels, who receive the full pay and
emolument* of their brevet rank, without
rendering proportional Kervicc. Details
for marine service could as well bo made
from the infantry or artillery, tliore being
no iiarticular training requisite for it.
With thoso improvements, and such
others as scalous watchfulness and matute
consideration may suggest, thero can Ih?
little doubt that, under an energetic admi
nistration of its affairs, the Navy may soon
be made ever) thing that the nation wishes
it to lie. Ita efficiency in the suppression
ol piracy in the West India was, and
wherever its fKjuadrons have been employ
ed in securing the interest of the country,
will appear from the reportof the Secreta
ry, to which I refer you, for other interest
ing details Among these I would bespeak
the attention of Congress, for the viewa
presented in relation to (he inequality be
tween the army and navy un to the pay o|
olhcers. No such inequality should prevail
betweun these brave defenders or their
country ; and where it does exist, it is sub
mitted to Congress whether it ought not tc
I* rectified.
fbo report of the Postmaster General in
referred to us exhibiting a highlv satisfac
torily administration of that Department.
Abuse* having been reformed ; increased
expedition in thotr importation of the mail
aocurud ; and its revenue much improved,
lu a political point of view, thia Depart
ment is chiefly important aa affording the
means of diffusing knowledge. It is to the
body politic, what tho veins ami artcriei
are to the natural, conveying rapidly and
regularly, to the remoteat parts of the sys
tem, correct information of the operations
of the Government, and bringing hack to i<
the wiahea and foelings of the People -
Through its agency, wo have secured ft
ourselves the full onjoyntcitt of the bless
tngs of a free preas.
In this general survey of our affairs, a
suhioct ot high importance presents*itsell
ui the present organisation of the Judicia
S. An unfonn operation of the Federal
rv eminent in the different States is cer
tainly desirable; and. existing as they dc
in the Union, on the basis o perfect equali
ty, each State has a right to expect that
the licneffu conferred on the citicens of
others should be extended to hers. Tht
judicial system of the United States existi
in all its efficiency in only fifteen members
of the Union: to three others. the Circuit
constitute an impoitant part
of that systom, have been imperfectly ex
tended ; and to the remaining six, altoge
ther denied. The effect lias been to with
hold from the inhabitants of the latter, the
advantages afforded (by the Supreme
Court) to llieir fellow-citixeiu in other
State*, in the whole exteut of the criminal,
and much of the civil authority of tho
frederal Jufpary. That this state of
things ougH^to be remedied, if it can
be done consistently with the public
welfare, is not to bedoulitcd ; neither is it
to Ihi disguised that the organisation of our
judicial system is at onco a difficult and
delicate task. To extend the Circuit Courts
equally throughout the different parts ol
the Union, and, at the same time, to a
void such a multiplication of members as
woukl encumber the Supreme Appellate
Tribunal, is the object desiiwl. Perhaps
it might be accomplished by dividing the
Circuit Judges into two classes, and provi
dins that tne Supreme Court should he
held by those classes alternately?the Chief
Justice always presiding.
If an oxtension of the Circuit Cnur sys
tem to those States Which do not now enjoy
its hen*'fits should bo determined upon, it
would, of course, lie necessary to revise
the present srrangement of the circuits ;
and even if that system should not txysn
larged, such a revision is reromssended.
A provision for taking the oensus of the
People of the United States, will, to ensure
the completion of that work within a con
venient time, claim the early attention of
CongreMl.
The grest and constant increase of bnsi
nets in the Department of State, forced It
self. at an early period, npon the attention
"I the Rxevutive. 'thirteen years ago. it
?vas, m Mr, Madison's last message to Con?
Kress, made the subject of an earnest re*
rooimendation, which has been repeated
by both of his successors; snd my compara
tively limited experience has satisfied me
"fits justness It has urisen from many;
? atlses, not the least of which is flie large |
?dditlon that Has been m?de to th# family
r>t independent nstions* and the proportion-1
ste extension of our foreign relations. Th* I
iencv to InctttH ttadwilr ana ?pwMp
? iWy'.hc lr?lr>~?roo,,?u{*.
usposed to reel ? ?th* rteoeimewUtfen J but
tat not th? leaf impre??<l with the imwor
Imkd of m?r|?nltiiif that Department, that
its Secretary m?) dt vote mora of hto time
to out foreign relations. Clearly utMM
that the public-good ?ould ba pn?aw*ed by
tnme suitable provision on the Mibtoct, 1 re
spectfully invite vour Ntteatian to it
IV ikdrter of the Bant of the United
State* expires la 1856, and knstockKoW?rs
will moat probably apply lor a renewal of
their privileges. In oroer to avoid the avlla
resulting from precipitant) In a mewurt
Involving snch important principles and
such deep pecuniary Interests IM that 1
cannut. In Justlc? to the partlea interested,
too aooo present it to tha deliberate consid
eration of the Legislature and tha People.
Both the constitutionality and the axpedl*
ency of tha law ureal tog this hank, are well
questioned by a large portion of oar ffellow
citixens | and it must be admitted by all,
that it bus foiled In the great end of eatab
lishiug a uniform and sound currency.
I Under thtse oircumsUnces ?f *ttch an
Institution in deemed esaeatial to the fiscal
operations ol theGovrmmcnt, I submit to
the wiuiom of the Legislature, whether a
national one, founded upon tho credit of tha
Government and it*revenues might not be
devised, which would avoid all constitution*
at difficulties and,at the same tla>e, secure
all the sdvantfgcfs to the Government and
country that were expected to result trom
the present Bank. *
" I cannot close tbia communication with
out
the rer
hii
capture of the frigate Philadelphia, undei
tho heavy battcriee of Tripoli. Altltougi
so rouble, as a general rule, of the improprie
ty of Executive interference Under a Gov
ernment like ours, where every individual
enjoys the right of directly petitioning Con
gross, yet, viewing this case as one of a ve
ry peculiar character, 1 deem it my duty t<
recommend it to your favorable conside
ration. Besides the justice of this claim
as corresponding to those which have beet
_!? .?j _nj wl|igg0j> || ii th<
itriotie and chivalrou
since recpgnixed and aatisAod, it is thi
fruit of a deed of patriotic and chivalrou
daring, which inAised life and eonfldenc<
into our infant Navy, and contributed, ai
much as any exploit in its history, to ale
vate our national chsracter. Public grati
tude, therefore, stumps her xeal upon it
and the meed should not t>e withheld whirl
may hereafter operate as a stimulus to ou
gallant tarn.
I now commcnd you, I'ullow-citizens, t
tlio guidance of Almighty God, with a ful
reliance on hismercilul providence for th
maintenance of our free institutions?
and with an earnest supplication, thai
whatever errors it may he my lot to com
liiit, in discharging the arduous dutie
which liavo devolved on me, will And
ruutody in the harmony and wisdom <
your counsels.
ANDREW JACKSON.
k % I) era authorised tn ^niwuiitrc ItOHKKT
M I) KI.IJSON ?? a l??r r # ? IBce
? ?f t'lrrk ?l the t our I of Cpmnt'xi Plrat, lor Fair*
fitnl Ui-trn:t
r H 51 nr
? % ' K air au'lioi aed to announce \\ K l'KMl
T f SON. a eanJidale for the office I ciodi ??f
the mart ol PeirficldlSHtricI
Dancing Academy.
V| K THKUl) ? rWOLI.K ?. theplea
lTJL ?u?e ?< annonaelng to hi* trieaU? Mini the
nhabitaot* of Columbia ?nd ila vicinity, (bat he
h i? taken that cnaimixllou? anil cautral liuildiuy j
in Main ?t?ect, above the *tnr? ot Mr Snow.'eu |
It Co. Th? School will be opened ou Monday
<111 December
DAYS OF TUITION
Monday and Wednesday, for jouos ^ntltwct I
Tae?day ud Thurtday, for young ladio*.
Saturday afternoon* will lio devoted in (ho j
>ii|?i?*of both aeset a* pracliting nut only U>?n.
cloy, but grace ajid manner*, a* ?-oo ft ihe pupil*
will be ?uffeiently advanced
MUSIC LESSONS.
Mr*. THKOI). FAYOM.K will dovoto hoi
time to the tuition of the I'iano Forte andSpanish
Oultar, attending particularly ?? the art ol Smg
Uf
Mi P ha* on hand a eboce Mlerlion of Guita*
??n< 1 Piano Mtt*tc j Oultar*; Strinfhfov Violin
nod Guitar.
n B ? Mr F will Time Piano Tortee
For further |iartlrular*, apply || Mr l'*t?r
flmey't, Main tire*
D-c n ?i a
zOVTH UAROU/fA t r.H.ILh lAftTIILIX
UR4 JULIA PIKHPOM WARNK (lata
I'rineijial of lb* S|iaita Academy, Ueorgi
a,J xrill tie ntUKtaled with tbn ln*titute, from
lbo let J ouary entiling J
P.I.IAS MARKS, M, D. "0"
Piiuriphl
Ort 8 40 tf
Til* editor* of the (iroenvllle Mounianeei.
Camden Journal, IVndMoh Met enter, and
Kdgefleld Carolinian, will ba |>lra?ed in give ||**?
miliiaert^n sandforMaid Ibelraccoant* to lM*
, ?iffio? lor paym< nt.
EDWARD DE LORME,
INPOHMft lii* (< u ml *n<l M>? | u' \>r *?? R?ticr?l.
?i.ni h> will mtrndlo thr H'p*lt<ii? <?f Mu>r
e?l ln?r'im*ut?, either in Town <?e fonnirt. aixl
e <n he fcttiMl at lh?- Mix* of Mr Jernh Lon^inotli.
opi??*ite (n Mwii Wallace k M'l>
far Piaiio'a Toneitat I ho ih>rte*t notice.
f)rr ? h I If
IsQUADKON OKDI-RS.
titaleiburg, JVbvrmhrr 28, 1829.
rpllT. Low# r rqu .<1ron I lh?- rtt , R- lincnlof
I Cavalry I* horeby orrferait to paraif*, proi
f*rt)r ermed mirf aeeontred, ?? Columbia, on
?>urwl?y (Ii? I7ib IIcrcan11 r nril, a< V o'clock
\ M. M V W- 'MAN.
mithic IjRhhiinm.
MR8 \NN SIMS will give Mntle l^.??n?o?
ili? PlMO FnrtK, i>i youn* l,*Hit atf 10
l?r qanrtar, eommeaclnft on the fU?t of Oatotier
acrt
<"ol.iwh|(i. Sep! II lR*f. V if
|*HK KXAMINAIION *1 the Hoyileol lh?
' Columbia Male \rnde?ny will Ik on Tn??
ley ?nd Wt-dnetday |lm |Hh mid |lhh inat-nt
P?r??l?, (iturdla* and the mNIo generally,nr?
?e$p#etfn||t invited to attend
fW *, r?
*?h Nov. UHI.
To tk* PUmUn <md Mmxkmto
C. and Ueo. -
^ ^ CAi TiON. W1L
11HB Bo*ril (4 DifKin ?Wo? ita toif mm
. lo tbeuwalft# nod u? oi ike IhA
oltHU bank, tu?ai? lotto PubUc, ibat o
tai Iwm lot mad Ik ikiM community, tl* eb)*et
ul wbtab M lo tboto i-obik cv4ifi?tenc? in tbo
i 0f Ik* inttiiolioo, nod bf afeatiotf ?
llMl uomoanjo l?M ifca Ptaoioc* lo Hoc* tbWr
Cohoo, otHUto dynabi id prioo io tbu lowau
c2sL*j\u^SEBs'tz^
I or
?f Mob ofoaolft
l.rfbullaU ftf It* r*o
wMUhwdSM
C RmtaitcM, wbiab bar* tP
tbo koowWfotftbtoUofdl
o. Ilio Luc
XSkfc'tlSSTtba?iiKn %f?l?Zmnt+
oiocai <H *"** WfWtOh INrMM of tbot
in*ii<irtk>n, and tboac individual*owning aUrco
amount of tudtook war* oppoacd to tkfc
?fru rwolation.
Ootba ?ama day tba molwloa pond Cireu
Itn warn tuueU by ?.t? -.1 Itatt, of tba boutoa
rtli'irtd lo (oufagod 1* Hi* Wbic-Hoomj aoA
Commit*too Vmnm) to Ikrir irh?4* hi tbo
country, ib? |Mjr|?ort ol which ?? |u yrajudico
ibcui ifiiut tbo bill- uf ihu ioMiluUoa.
Fnafing indignant tl tncb M uubaard of pomk
cation and having parted confldeoeu hi tbo ubiti
ty of (be MaiebaoU' and PUo<er?' Beak, to mm
all dotwand* that coo bo b?ought again*! it, |bo
board of Dimctor* bava thenght ba*t to adoft.
i! tbia couraa to pot you oo vour guard again*
, j tba mulu iom and wilful Jrakoa of' ba<j aaan
and to i^ravaot tba innocent and onwnrj bolder
ofoor bill* from patting wiibthem at adiacoutt.
JOSEPH WHEELER,
Ptftitnl, M. + P.JforflK
Kt tract fioaa the ulnntt* of tbo )
Board ?.f Director*. (
JOHN V LLOYD. Cathitr
mh-r I 4* 3t
? To the Public.
IN My Circular fktad btpiemtorr 8Stb, IMS. I
|trn. laim**!, thai no unsound currency ?mmM
1 b?.- t omitri anr.ed I* ibli market, ami ehoald any
' br thrown into Circulation, or any Bank *hod!d
? beyond what mifhl be eonatdrrnd pendent,
8 immediate notice thereof WoeU be given, with
I ? oat fear or favor. From tlirco to Mr hondrni
- ??!?* Colton, are received hi tkhftwiM MV|
? and alw>ut three fourth* of H M paid lor is Nb
;. . f thr ?1rrcbaai?ani) Plentrra Bank of Angnata,
1; J<wph Wiwrhr, FimUtai. tbt totndiiMt of tkb
t Bank it doubted, to moah to, that tba Bank of
&ucu?ta refute* to raaeive Ha bill* in payment,
n and I hereby give notice, thai from tbU day, (bo
II Mil* of thai baak, will Id bo received by ma lo
' payment for hou*e re*t, aloraga of Cotton, or
0 otherwise. It t* wither latere*, nor nrrlndlco
" that pro-apt* ma, (bare are four bantu in Aogw)>
? K.fnun which mi* market I* tupptled wll|i fnnd*,
>" , an J I have neither Mock not dbcount dire city
? nor indirectly in them bank*, aor do I owe ono
n iiollar to either of t^iem, but it ia in order that
A 'lie Planter aball have no good eanaa again lo
>ay, that ha ha* been wronged fa Haatburjt, ont
<>f hi* I weire month* tabonr, in reeal vlncnnaoonA
and depreciating currency, la piysent ft* bit
property, for money i.(?ndottbl(4l bank*, may bo
hail, and round |*operty ought t<i jfrvdoca o
??nml ictirenev
IIF.NRY SHUl.TfiS.
Founder ami Proprietor '?/ Hamburg.
Ilnm>>?>?/. 8 C. I)>*c l*t, I8i9 49
Fellow Citizens,
IT ia a well kunwu (ad, that tha Merchant**
and PlaaUrt' dank of Augvata, has of lato
inundated oar Tow n,u Well ne Urn eonotry, with
their bill*. ? moptoton of l|tlr gondne* U alreaiftr
hafora the publle, and the twa contiadictory
rhirjaa mm l?p ike board of that Bmmk miMI
the Angotta Bant, Ware|lou?e nan and oihorv
now In my powttaion, haaeoolrnird mo in (hat
?wptcion. It b Ilia dttljr of every comaanity to
Ctrd again?t intruder* which may prove <?ia
u$, and It thia bank ie enthormrd hy Law to
; P,ut WH?, U ?? In Oeorna, bot not id Bo nth Ca
roling, and tb??a Ulla belug rejected by oka ??
I tba Aral bank* In lb* M?i fUta u acknowledged
) by thennelraa, ii * t?(Bci?nt notiro lo tba pub*
Hc.oftUalr not belug good, the Handing o( that
Institution nival ba better known nl home, than
I it eon U abroad, and tha responsibility of circu
lating any unisuad currency inrolvm on th?
river, not on tha rece1 ver, and morn an, M bo t>
Mowing toiba fact, thtrtfbro aond their notes
home .and my totkta na Ibty would my to ye%
your natd must ba pctthnrprotueied.
llRKRf 8HUI,TZ.
Founder and proprietor of Member*.
ffmtwy.l C Ak> w IN9. yo ?f
W J, MYDDLETON fc to.
HAVK n ftMril hmiIbidI of
Qmttiin, * bleb bare Iwn Nltcbd wkh
ear*, aad ofbr I beat to tbalr frkmh aod ha
generally, mIowm Mcb arllate* can bo
aflnrdad.
Ilymn, laanerial ahd flan powder tee, la
cb+?i>, ( do, Cadie* Mil tint-Mi, Black M,
H'Mrm itnd Cbooolatc, b#at double reftoed Loaf
Bogar, (team refined do, Um d*. Wbile lla
vnoaa >T7>, Wr- Oni* mm! New Orlaani do.
Moloml, Co?nlo? Brandy, Jiplw tod 19.0.
Ran. Holland and Moribero Ota, old It fob WhH
key, tirw OrlraiH.??>, Peooiylvaaia Jo, Madeira.
Tenuefe and Malaga fViwa, Port \Vm-\Clar*?,
In ra?*f anl r*?k?i Cordial*, inortfd, Loodea
Porter, Philadelphia Bear, nie? Halt, hi *acfct
Allaai Bull and Hock Hall, Ball Patrc, Copmr,
: Allam. Britmione, Indigo, Olaober .Vails btarrh,
?wiila an<l Mar, Pep|?r, All 9pW.ro*! and
1?i (Hind Ginger, daemon, Mare, Clove* and
?Vitaii p', I.<>imIon Marfan), Carrie powder, Ver*
i.ricilli, 4Moilm?nt of IVklea, njptn, WalnOt
1 -traji, Knglhh aad Nor!barn Cbceee. B?ep?
'ge and *niall bora, Bpenfteelii aad Tel'ow
< aoiller, aiMirted *toee, Aaall'* faaitly floor,
HnUint, Curnlat* and Alramide, Oia Powder.
Lead aad (Ian Kliale, nreertOMOt of fiock
..iv wire, | wo dinner ?*<e of Bloaa CMtiO, Jo,*,
Jtft uml Pitcher*. I,*ndrum wore. Myer*' l?e?t
< ltO?lnc 'l obarrn, do, ftpani'h and
| Air.. ? ?fan Cigar*, bar Irno, from || In 8 ioehea
* I'le, ?qttar# unit roond do. Hood aad hnop <lo.
Oar man aud Cart Steel, Col Neil* and Brarb,
aworled Wmoght Nail*, Trace (hem*, Cotton
Batirn, lla|# rojva end1 win#
. 'W 1 (0 If
To tho Pub*. 3.
HAVING htm tofor*?d by *UH<m P.fan
?hut John Thomti, of Union l>M(rid, ?t
Upi<? ? nurl IIimm*. it tli* I Ml novel, on Ml
itt.i' mi interrngnt*) c?n Mibwl?<n> cfWa.
Kpwt'?-harnrt?r m ? man <>f l?#<H i mm) thtt k?
( iho?n??,) aotd, among otlwtMnpMllftt b?he?H
m??aylh*t Wm Km*! lind twnm to a I* nl N*t?
btrty Court Hnu?V, U ia?w eortntn mm (hat
tri*?l a that cnort?ldo mo?t poaHivoty d?ny
having mlrf Thoinn* any mtli thtng, or
havti.g liadlny cnnwrntK* with Mm o
el ??f Kppr? dharartcr.
Wtf.UA ? MAVBIN
fi a r>?
MuNa. GOUA.t koY "
Iuovt hi ( iilumhta (l< xnonipo a u
w o Wt.h to r*eotr* in*1rartio?t frow him ?
K*k?cm, ?ill plMM Uare tbolr >wn with M'
M Anto?i<>. ? '
n*? si