Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

, '*r_'1''?w*""ni!ypy,y^sptii COLUMBIA, MlTIH-CIMtflUKi, DECEMBER ?MW* . ff -flHOTBNm ? *- '** ? -y#t *- A'#? TBLESCOl'B omen I ? CUurwlHj. 4 oVU k. I' M \ o&sS&KSt Congreai on Tueeday last' at mid-day. It haa bee? transmitted with extraordinary despatch??nd thro* the promptitude attd coatgy of the stage Contractor, Mr. Jon* M'Laii, U ?m borne Aum Camden to this place int hours and 10 minutes, having reached us this mamingat ai quarter before 0 o'clock. The length of ths message fills our sheet, nod the moment of tunc allow d to us pro* hibits any remarks concerning the many interesting topics Which It emhraees. We roust, however, say, that It is a state pa* per which williuimr,opinion, advance the character of Oeneval Jaoksok, as a States man and a Patriot. Upon the all impor tant subject of the Tariff he is brtef?<rwcom mendinga modification of tome of its pro visions. lie ?n#i the constitutional question connected with Its. discussion, in the general remarks which the President makes concerning the ju#t rank of com merce and maoubctAres, cotripared to that of agriculture?we deem him to ho with us. The latter ia paramount in iiuportanco ?the former are subsidiary to it.?but the general government have more than re versed the order heretofore?having at tcm( ted to hoist, by improper means and unwise seal, manufactures-alone to sn un natural omlnendB, upon tlte ruins of both agriculture and commerce.^ . , .We admire the President's retnsrks up on the limited character of the Men*! con stitution sad the sanctity, and transcen dent itnportanco of State Kigtits, ss sound, eloquent, patriotic, and wise. Ilis viows about the distribution of the surplus revenue wo most decidedly disap prove;?but more anon. (From <??? U h l'*l.'ar?|ib (Kiln) of |>#??? |] ' This d y. at 12 o clock, the President of the United S ate* communicated tohmh Houses of Congre ?*tHn following MHStfAGE. Felloto-Citizrna tf the Senate, f-'and Home of Refirruntativt*: It afford* ine pleasure to emlcr my friendly gteetingi to yon on the orr mucin of you? u**crablinR ?t the Scat of G vern , ment to enter upon the import uit ihitic* to which you have been' lilted l?y the voice of our rountrymcn. The l.mk nr volve* on mo. under ? ptovi?iou of iht* I Constitution. to preHent to you. a? the Fciier.il Lcgiktiiturc pf twenty -four ?ov? reign Staten. and 'welve millions nfh.ipp) people, a ?ie ? of our a (Tun; ah?f to pro* poMi ?uch meanure* ?*. in the dutch'tige of my officii*! fbfictioni, h <v<- jpuggetinl thcmselve* k neceaaary to promote the 4>bje< t? of onr union la rnnimiinicathu; with ?tf.?r iho Ar*l it i?, to mo, 4 source tf unfeigned I eatitfirtion, CNllinir tnr mutual gMtuhttion nod devout thank- (o n benign protidoorr, thut we arc nt i>e.ice with all m.inkind. unci' the* our country vthihity the'mo?t cheer ing evidence of getienriwelftire Mil |?i ? > gresme improvement. I timing nut eye# to other nation*. our ureat desire m to two our brethren of the human rjice serurrij io the btaiein^i epjoyed by our?olv<*a, and advancing in knowledge, in freedom, him I in social happiness. Our foreign relation*. although in iheir gene ml character pacific and friendly present subject* of ililJwwre between u* ntxl ether power*, of deep interest, u? well to the country ?t large as to many-of our citigens. To effect no mHusfmenl of thew shall continue to be the object of my earnest endeavours; and notwithstand ing tho difficulties of the task, I do not al low myself to apprehend unfavorable re iolt?. Hleserd m our country is with ?very thing which constitutes nntional strength she is fnlly adequate t" the main tenanre of nil hei interests jndrscharg ing the responsible frost confided to lh<* Executive in thin re*p?ct, it i? my settled purpose to ask nothing that is not eleiirl}. right, and to submit to nothing thnt i?7 aropg; und I flutter myself, that, support ed byth?? other branches of tho Govern went, ami by the intelligence and pxtnot itm if the people, we shall bo aide, un der the protection of Providence to cause nil our just rights lob* respected Of the unsettled matter* bet ween the Vnited State* and other powers, the nv??t prominent ere those which have, f.?r years been the subject pf negotiation wit Kng land. France, and Spain The lat< pen ods at which our m?m? ers fo tho*e (Jov ernment* left the United States, render tt impossible, at this early day, to inform yon of what has been done on the subjeri. with which they haye been respectively charged. Itelying upon the justice of ..ur view* in relation to the potnts rommitted |o negociation. and the reciprocal good feeling which characterise* our inter coarse with those nation*, we hwo the reemnto hope for a satisfactory ad Stent ofetf*ting differences. Villi Ureal Britain, niike distinguished in peace ami war, wo m ?y Iflok foi ward to year* of peaceful, honorable, and elevat ed competition Every thing in the ron dition ami history of the two tint ions, ?? calculated to inspire sentiment* <-f inutu d respect, and to c?rry conviction to the minds ef both that it is their policy to pre l#erve the moH cordial relations: Hnch in my own vfo?*. and it i? not lobe,dooMed thul Much MM .duo the p cv.tilini; icn'i menu pt our c MlttuejWv. Although neither tinu* nor 4|'portun)ty bat been i.t' Cuidcil f.?r m full iteTelopement of the po licy wliicli the p?Ment cabinet of Great Hrrtain tUnigiit to purtoo l"W ir<u thi? rountry. I indulge the hop* (hut it will br of .1 j?Mt nftd |nn*ilir rhnnulter; mul if }hi* .intt' ipntiop be realised. we tnny look with confidence to * ?needy mid ncco|Hii hie mUii?*tiiH|pl 6C cuf nff-iiw. ? Under the conventmn for regulating tho reference, t? iiibitr.Mioii <>f the diK|iutc<l point* of houmlnry under the fifth article of the tre.ity <?? tihent,the proceeding* bate hitherto been <obi)?teted in thjit up ? rit of rewlor and liberality whicb ought oveif to character*** the art* nf?nvereigu State*, iwekingio u<yu?t. by the mort un i*xcc|?iioii.ibh! mentis. important mid dell'' i ?tttt'eubjert* of contention. I he 6nt M.ttcmont* of the p.irties. have been et* changed, mid the fiuid replication, on our p.irt. m in a coilrxo ofpreparntfon Thie ?ol?je< i has ret-.4 ved the attention dee niualed by its great ml peculiar imjioi t.inre to h patriotic membci ofthia ronfed* entry, The ei|?o?ition o our right*. mI ready mide.i* iuctuae, trointhe high re citation of the ronniMi^nerf by whom ii (n?? iteen pn-inn'd, we li.nl a right to ei pcct.^ 'Dm. imprest* at the court of the m>verign who ha* enured bin friendl) di?pi?ition. hy >i?nuuiiug the drlirpte ta?k ?>f aihifr ition. have been committed t- a c tixen of the Slat** of Maine tvhu*e char acter I dent*, and intimate acquaintiuice with the ?uhj d. eminently qualify him fui ?n re?peu*dde a tru*l. With full con fidenre in the ju?ti<:* of our cause, and in th<- probity. intflliueu'e, and nn' ompro mining independence of the dliKtiioiift ai hitrator, wr ran ha?c nothing to apprc tlftnd from the re*ult Fioin Franro.onr. ancient ally, we have ?i ri^it to expert ill it junoee' whirh he owne* the Sovereign of a pnweitnl int?*l lijjent, mill magnanimou* people Tin; beiirlii ihI efferi* produced by (tin rftni iiiMrrnt convention of lH2f, limited * ir< lit provision*. tre too ohviou* to make ? '?altilaty im|iie*?ion upon tin* mind* ??? thoie who *ie charged with the udmint* trntion <?l hei Government Sh'iuld ihi? remit induce a di?ponitinu to embrace, In their full csicnt the who|e*?>nic priiiti pic* which ronotitutn our commercial jm*|i cy, our mnuMer to tli.it court will bo found inMiurteil to churi?h melt ?? diup utinn. mil lit ti*l in > niidncting il o uieiul prac heal i'oui lu?i u? The chum* of our > i i x?*i?? loi depred anon* upou iheir pmpci - ? v. h"*K *lin'? cnmiliill?il under the autho rity. and hi many uttiance*. hy the ex |iriMnlirfri|iin. ot the then eu?ting. Gov eminent ol France. lemain uii?.iti*ficd; ?n<i lount. Hnnefiie. <-ontinue i * luiot*h ? miUje. i of unple * nit .tnuoMion. ami |?o? lible cnlhmni. hH^c'i 'lie two Govern* ment*. I rhumb, however, *lively hope, founded a? well on the validity of those <1 inns and the e*t dihthed policy of nil enlightened Government*, iu on the lmowtrioie^iny of the French monarch. I*-.ilthe injuiout delay* of the pa?t, will And tedtu*? in thr equity of the future Our minuter lia* heen intfructed to pre** thcue demand* on the French Govern ment. Kith all the earne*tne*? which it called for by their importance and irrefu table justice, nod in ? spirit that will evince the reupcct which i? due to the feelings of tho?e Irom whom the ?atufac. tinn ii required. <*ur Minuter rec<?nUy appointed p? S||Ain ha* been nutliotizcil to a??i?t ill re-1 moving evil* alike injurio* to both conn* trien, either by concluding a Commrirci.il Convention u|hhi liberal urn) reciprocal term* or by nri>in^ the nrcept nc* in their Hill client, of the mutuitliy benefi cial provision* of onr iixvigMtion act*. lie h*?? .tl*o been instructed to mnkeM further appeal t? thejuntice of Spain. in behalf of our citizen*, lor indemnity l*?r ?puliation* upon our commerce, commilted under her ??nthi?rity ??.in appeal which the p:ici<tc nml lilicr.il cotine nl*erve<l nn our part, end ;? due ciufAdence in the honor of thit government, nuthmize unto expert wilt nni hi- nwde in v tin Wnh other European power*, onr in terrouii>e 14 on he mo?t friendly looting hi Ku*stn, pinned by her terrdori .1 limit*. |H>|>Qlation, nfxl fre-il power, high in (he 'mnk <>f nwtioM. lh? United Sl?l?> h?w ni??y? found?*\c i r.?-t frifiul. MUkmihIi hor re? enf inv imon of furle;. i?v >kin*'il ? lively oyinp.Uhy f??r thou* wh<i 'I to ttm il. -nl.ition of wai. wit rmtiioi i?ul tnUiiptte (hut ihf renol wi I prove f.ivor iMe In the r*u?p of rivi liy. iion, ,?n?l lo thr proj{re?ii of humwi h ippiur**. The Ire.ity of pe.icc between tho*o I'owcm Imviok heen rntihed, w? mnnot bo iu*i'ii?ibln 10 ihr #rem lo hp derived lo the rommerco of tl|o United State#, fr??in unloi'kiug the n;tvi|(x tion (Iip ltl*ek Sr<i- a free pnMiign into which in nei-ured to till merchant v???el* bound to port* of KuftM.t nnibr n (tig At pence with the Porfp I hiJ idv>tntiige enjoy I'd upon rowhtion*, hy m<>*t of th?* Fmvlfl of Europe,. ha? hitherto been withheld from u?. During t ho punt ram mer, no inter edent. bill un?ni:ce*?fwl itl tempt to btun it. Witu renewed, under <-irctiffi?ttinc?* which promised the mn#t t?ivor.il?ln result* Although ibcue re ?ult? h iyp fortunately been thu? in pnrt jiHnned, further f.inlitie* to the enjoy Uient of thi? new Held for the enterpri? tof our rititeo* are, In my opinion, aalfi ciently <le?irablo to en??ire to them our Our tr?de Willi A tutrix, ulth??iiXH ?C ee > onitaprti :i!nport.inc?. W b?*,n gradual I v mci easing, iind m rib* to oxt?m%l. n? to <le*erve the foMenuf euro of tne limit. A oegociMtty, . oinmcnri?d %ft\ iMMuly eomulMwl witfi that Power* w 'Ilie late AiliniiiiMr.ition hn b??w dfttt vummaled bjt u treaty V ?mity, navigation anH bommeree, whiuh will.be laid before I be'Senate / \ $|SiL . During (he receM of (Who. oar Hi pi?miti.- re|*t on? with Portugal bate l>ecn re?timed. Ttie peculiar *Ut? of thing* in flint country ranged . <Mt*|?eii hioii of Iliu recognition of the Hi*|?rc-?-? ?t i live who presented him* elf, until poituuity was had to obtain Irorn our ? *im1 organ there.. inlor ji.ition rtgnrdiiu the iictu.il. end, m fur .<? practicable. pro *|iecltr? condition of the authority ly which thn representative in qn*?tion w^* ?ppunted, <his information Ixiiuu rr ceived, Iho application of the c*t.ibliMhit| rule of our Government. in liko cano?, wan no longerwithheld. Coniuderabln advance* have been m ade, during the pro?eni year, in the ??iju<t?r??*nt ?if claim* of om ? itizen* upmi Dcriuiirfc for rpohution ; but all I at we b-.ve a figio In demand from that Government, in tboir' behalf, ban not yet been conceded. Pi om ? be liberal footing, however, upon which the Muhject ban, with tile iipprobaiion of the chunanl* been p|:?< ed by the CJovoru ment, toother with the uniformly iu?', ?nd friendly deposition wlikh tin* Geen evinced by Hi* b nith M <jc?ty, there a reasonable ground to hope tha?. thlft'iin i?le Mtbject of difference will speedily b removed Our relation* with the Bxrhary Pow ?*r?rn ttnue. n# they have long lieen I (lie moHl favortiblc character. *t he |?<>|* ??> of keeping nn adequate lorce in lh? WfilchTMhiMD, h? *eeurity for the conn uuuii'c of till* tranquillity. will ho p?>r?e. vored in, h* well m* .t mrnilar one for tin pmtertion of our corrnicrce uvhI fi*herie>> in the I'aulio. The Southern Kepubliah of nur own hemisphere, h ive not yet realized nil the idv nitit^r* (or wlnrh they have been wo long Mitigating Wc iruirt, however, thai the day i* not distant, when the reMoi.tliou oi ptMi'o .md interii.il quiet, under perm i nent xyntoini of government, weruring the liberty, ami promoting (he hHppinein> ol the citir.ens, will crown, with romplet ?uccc??, their long and atiltiotn? effort* m lite cnu*e of?elt government, ami enable iu to fiilule thun a* friendly rival* in til that i? (ru|y gre*t and glnrimw > he recent invasion of Mosn:n, ami the effect thereby produced upon her <lo me?tn poley, mu?l h.trf u controlling n Huence upon the great question of South Ameri< uii emancipation V\ e have ?eun the fell npirit 61 civil distension lebuked, and, pcrhap*, forever Milled inth.it re public, by the love of independence If it be true, iu appearances ?tionnly imli ciitc. tbnt the npirit of Independence i? the master spirit, nnd if * corresponding ??u tiraent prevails in the other Stale*, th?? devotion to liberty earning be without proper effect upon the coikiU of the m ther country. The wloption, by Spam of <t^|iiict6c policy toward* her former Vo lonie*-i-nn event comoling to humnni ?ind >i ble?ing to the world, itt which *ne herself cannut fail largely to p'lrticipilte may be most reasonably ?g peeled. The claimaof our citizen* upon t ho South American Govern mailt*, nuerally, lire in ? train of settlement; while the principle part of thoSe upon Urtail have been adjust ed, and a Decree in Council, ordering bond* to be issued by the Minister of Uhi Treasury for their amount, hap received theaamwon of his Imperial Majesty. This wont, together with the exchangu of the ratification* of the Treaty negotiated and concluded in IHW, happily terminate* all wrioua causes of difference with that Pow er.' Measure* have been taken to place our commercial elation* with Peru upon a better footing than that mm which they have hitherto rested; and w met l?v a pro per ? disposition on tho part of that Govern ment, im|K>rtant benefit* may be secured to both countries. Deeply interested an we are in the pros perity of our abitcr republics, and more particularly in that of our immediate neigh iior, it would be most gratifying to me, were I permitted to ?ay that the treatment which we have received at her hands ban been >m universally friendly as the early and comrtant solicitude mvnifented by the United KfcHe* for her sucee**, itave us a right to exmct. Hut it becomes my duty to inform yiii that prejudices, long indulg ed by a portion of the inhabitant of Mexl eo against the ISnvoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of tho iJnited States, have had an unfortunate influeiic* upon the affair* of tile two c<?uiitrtes, and have diminished that usefulivssto his own which wa* justly to be expected from hit talent* and aeal. To this cause, in a greai degree, i* to beimpnted the failure of acito ral measure* equally interesting to botl parties; tait particularly that of the Mexl Can Government t<? ratify a Treaty nego tiated mid concluded in it* own capital am under its own eyo. Under these circum stance*, it appeared expedient to give t< Mr Poinsett the option either to return <1 Hot, ss, in hia judgment, the interest of hi country might require, and instructions t that end wefe prepared; nut, be lore the c<miM be despatched, a communication wi received from the Government of Mexfa through M Charge d'A(b>rs here, reques ing the ri all of our Minister. fhb wi ly otnnhed with; and a R< preset itive of ranV corresponding with that I the M*a*4in diplomatic Agent near th Gov?fnmont srs ,?ttbe tmL _ Pi _ vcmunmt of Mexico, in it* com ntuiiicMiioti* with thfe V;\. I I confciifW it out* of tlio m<*t <fotfa? to Irine to yoy r uttcntion ?Ijr of that pari of out ^ (ion wbn rvhloa to the cl??ction of Prari dont an J [V ice-Prenidont^ Our tjritein of tiov?run*nt n??, taflllMi an cii >vlded ToJ^ fc?pl? J?**?1 **?? 'jWfc oi <u*i ing thou Chef VUgislratty; it was neve 'I- 1 - JHMk designed #?t thairohoice should, in.any ca.su, lie defeated, cither by the intervention of eleetenil colleges, or by th6agency con fided, undft certain contingencies, to Up House ofUtoproaentatives. Experience proves, that, ill proportion ait agent* to execute the will of thu People aro multl fdied, tlicre U daiiger of thoir wishes bein? rustrated. 801110 may be unfaithful: all aro* liable?|o err. 80 Ur, therefore, as toe People eaQ, with convenience, speak, it la safer lor tbeni toexpress their owi- will. The number of aspirant* to the Presiden* cy, and the diversity of the interest* which may influence their claims, leave little reason'to aspect a choice in the fiiitin> atnnce; and, in that event, the election must devolve on the House of Kcpruseuta twves, where, it is obvious, the will of the P?opU ma^ not be always ascertained, or, if ascertained, may not lie regarded. From the mode of voting hy State*, the choice ia to be made by twenty-Hair vote*;,and it may olton occur, that one of these may be controlled 'by uu individual Itcprescnta tive. Honors and offices are at the dis poaal of the successful candidate. Ra jieatod balloting* may make it apparent that a singla individual holds the cast in his hand. May he not bo tempted to name hi*tewnrdt 'But oveh without corruption? supposing tho probity of tlia Kepresenta-1 tivo to Ik.* proof against thu powerful mo tivoa by which ho may lie assailed?tho will of the Pcoolo instill constantly liable to be misrepresented. One may err Irom ignorance of the Wishvs of l|is constituents; 1 Another, from thu conviotioh that it is his hitv to bo governed by bis own Judgment 1 if tlie fitness of tlie candid tea finally, dil tboiigb all were inflexibly honest?all ac curately informed of tho wialios of their coiiKtituents?yet, under the present-mode of election, a minority m y often elect the President; and wlicp this pap|*n*< it.Uiay reanonably be expected tthat eftbit* wtllb* made thw I But l, thou Id result from audi a perversion first principle of our aystetn?"'"/ #/??? ma? ferity U to ffovrm?it must be vary certain that a President elected by a minority, cannot enjoy thu confidence necessary to the successful discharge of his duties. In this, as in all other matters of public concern, policy requires that a* few impe diments aa possible should exist to the free operation of the public will: Lot u?, then, eudeavor so to amend our system that-the office of Chief Magistrate May not he con ferred upon any eitlton but in pursuance ?>f a fair oxpreiSHon of the will of the ma jority. '* ".Vi *' *- ?/? I would therefore recommend ?uoh an I amendment of the Constitution a* may re- ] iuovp all Intermediate agency in the elec tion of Prenident and Vicc-Prenident. The I mode may be *o rsg&ttt&Mft to preserve to! each State it* present relative weight in j tho election ; and a failure in the lirnt at- ? tempt may be provided for, hy confining | the second to a choice between (he two! highc*t candidates."'"Ill connexion with Mich an amendmeiHf it would seem advisa ble to limit tho acrviee of the Chief MagM^ trade to a single t?rm of either four or six year*. If, hoWevH^J It Should not he adopt ed, it la worthy of eott*kl?ration whether a provision dtaajmUfying for olRce the Re presentatives it?.Congress on whom such an election may have devolved, would not be proper. WliUe number* of Concrete ran lie con stitutionally kppolnted to office* of truatand profit, it wUII be the practice, even under the mml ron^tlrntloflaitdheicttce to duty, to ?ceicct them for Mir It *tahnni? fia they Hi* l?elieveil to lie better qu iliflcd to fill than other riti?? us { bin the purity of our go vernment would doubtle** be pr?>moted by i their exclusion from nil appointmenta in the ?ft of the Present In wh<>*e election they may liftff ben Officially concerned The Mature it the Jodici d office, and the nerea* *iti i.f srriirliifi in the Cabinet Mid In ditilo uatl. \t;itf"Wt of the highest rank, the Item t.111 ms Hid politirnl experience, ahonld, perhaps except these from the rx<-lu*i??n. Thee *rc perhaps few men who can, for :?oj great length "f time, enjov office and power, without being more or lea> under the influent a of feeling* unfavorable to * faithful discharge of their- public duties. Their integrity may be proof Aglijnstlmprop cr consideration* immediately addressed to themselves but th?y ire ?pt to Acquire a ha bit "f .??ok>h)r with ndiffcrenceuponthetMib lie. intercsta, and < f tolerating conduct fr"m ??hi( h an unprtt lined man would revolt.? Office u considered ua a specie* of proper i \ $ and Government, rather an a mean* ?i ,!rom -ting individual interest*, thwn a* an m- trument er?ated solely foe the itrvke of the l*eop\e. Cnrrnptlni In some, nod, ir other*, * j>erver*lnn nf correct f:ellnga *n<1 tirinclpli'S, divert finV*tnmcnt from its ie [Itimatc endyand muke It an engine f? the support of the few at the enpenac ot th? mm* The duties of *11 poWlc officer* are ? i, at least, admit ot being made, *o ptuh and simple, that men rf Intelligence ma; ? cadily qnnlify tMemaelve* for their per (ormanre j and I cannot fntt beHtfro tha theirf??r?V to the ttt' irj wsm ?oltli for the benvfit of the V man hasany moretotrWr rigHl station than Another. Officcs established \?K\sc support to iMiticnlnr men ut the public expense. N?> wron* U ihnetorc done by renjAval, kim* ?itticcj M matter of right. Ittf incumwrut l?ec;?mc an officer with a view tn |>ut>I?c benefits; wA when?hc*e inquire 1iU' fino not trtbo A*erific< Mjt> prisuitt t Is the people, ??d they alone, nomphiin, whetk A bad for ? gnog*. one. ''HSt VHP the obtaining a trvhig thnt are fet^joyed by the millions who never held oflfc*. The pro posed limitation would d cat nay -the Idea of propcr*y??wiM? generally ? onnected with loptwM station | and Although individual dist rcu may be sometime* prOtuied, " would* bv promoting that rotatiqii which constitute* ? lending principle in the repub lican creed, give healthful action t6the ays MMLa ' w. ? ' -I ' No very considerable change hasocrur red during the limi of CuMrrtu, In the ? audition of either our AgilcolVmi Com mercc, or Muhuftcturcs. Th?; o|j*mtlon of the Ta riff has not proved to i?Uurl.nW to the two former, nor us beneficial to the latter, a* was Anticipated. Importations of foreign go<xN have not been sensibly diminished; while domestic competition, under *n illa tive cxoiumu-nt, bus Increased the produc tion much beyond the demand for home consumption. The consequences have been low pHctw,.temporary embarrassment, and partial I< m?. ..That *uch of our manu fit taring e*t?Dll?htuii>tn at are b<ct<*d upon capital, and arc pi udentlv managed, will virvive the nhnck, and l>e'ultimately profi table, there it no good reason to doubt. To regulate it? ? induct, an a* to promote equally the prosperity *?f iliese three cardi nal interests, it one of the most. dilUruit taikft of Government ; and it may be re gretted that the complicated restriction* which now enibarraM the intcrcotp-se of nation** could not by. common c?n*e'tf he I abolished, a'jid commerce nil >wcd to flow in. those channels to whifhJndiwdunl enter I prise?alwa) s it* surest guide?might di ; rect it. But wc must ever ex|?ec4 selfish legislation in other nations, and at e there J fme compelled to ad<ptour own to their regulations in the manner best calculated ! to nvoid serious injury, nnd to harmonise : ? lie conflicting interests of .?ur agriculture, [our commerce, and ?mr mmiufictore*,? Under t|te*e impressions, 1 invite your ut tcntion to the existing Tariff; believing that some of its provisions require modiflcM IfHfc ?**. : r .J ' The general rule to be applied in gradu ating the duties upon urticlr* of foreign growth or manufacture* is that which will place our own In tyr comtootHMB, with those of other countrir*} and the induce ments to advance even a step tejrond this l^oinf, are controlling in regard to those a nicks which arc ot primary nccvaslty in time of par. When we reflect nj>ou the difficulty and delicacy ot this operation, it U important that it should never be attempt ed but with the utmost caU*k>n. Krrquent legislation la regard to any branch of Jndua try, uflccting Us value, and by which its cajUtal may be transferred to new channels, must always l>e productive of has^rd ms speculation and loss. '?* In deliberating, therefore, on tltese in teresting 5ubjecfs, local feelings hi,(J preju dtof* should he m*rg<A inihe p*? rim icilej eli mination to promote the grtut intere?ts of the whole. All attempt* to connect them with the party conflict* of the day, are ne cessarily injurious Mid should be djscountr nanccd. Our action upon the in should be under the control of higher *ml purer mo tives. Legislation, subjected to Mich Influ ences, e#n neverbe iust, and will not long retail^ the sanction of a People, whose ac tive patriotism la not bounded hv sectional limits not insensible to that spirit ofcOuees siou and forbearance, which gave life to our political compact, and Mill sustains It:? Discarding all calculations of political as cendancv, the North, the Soutn, the East, and the We?tv. should unite in diminishing any burthen, of which either m*y Juatly I complain. The agricultural interest of our country is s?? essentially connected with every oth er, ami so superior in importance tn them all, thai it Is scarcely net cssurv to invite to it your particular attention. It is prutti pally as .manufactures and 90m neroe tend to increase the value of aaHiuitnral pro durtioftt, and to extend their application to I the want> and comforts of society, that tliey deserve the fostering care of giwernment. Lookiug forward to the period, not far distant, when a sinking fund will no longer ho requited, the duties <?n those articles of importation which cannot Conic in competi tion with our own production*, are the first that should engage Hie attention of Con gress in the modification of lite tariff. Of theee, tea and enffee are the most promt* nvnt > they enter largely into the consump tion of the country, and have become *rti< oles of necessity to all classes, ,/i rednr tion, therefore, of the existing duties will he felt as a common benefit ; hut, like all other legislation aainec ted with commerce, to he efficacious, and not Injurious, it should be gradital and certain. The public prosperity, is evinced in th* increased revenue arrising fiom the sales nl the public lands, ami in the steady oiatnte ?nance of that produced by impoMs and ton nage, notwithstanding the Additional dutiti imposed by the art of 19th May, 1 Qh, Hik the unusual importations tn the early psr of- that year. The balance in the Treeanry on the 1* of Januarv, |M9, was five million*, ntw htmdred and seventy-two thousand Ion hundred and thirty-five dollsrs and eighty on? Ctnts. t he' receipt* of the enrren ear are estimated at twenty-four million* if hundred ami two thousand two hnndre *hd thlrfvflhWer*) and the expendKum t* ttmv >? B ^ v** f ? '*?*V1' nSKw'i tMr nmi time st twnrt)ribt' ?mM^?W> hundred and *ixtv-four thousand* five l*rtt dred snd ninety-five dollan? j leaving a bal* wee In the TreMMlty ??? thr tat ef Imwiwy > next, of four orillkxis, feur hundred and tsft f thousand and tahtuty dollar* mi ^jjiy t one cents. K teujs; reducing the whole debt e vcrnmrnt, on the first ol ianu?rf iorty-elglit mill lop?, flee hundred i five thousand, four hundred and and fifty cent*, including seven five percent, stock, suWrH nf tU? United Htntcs. Tlie count of the public debt, m* ^ , of July lust, ?as eight militant. ween hun dred itnd fifteenth oussnd, fourbtutdred in(f ?>xty<two dollars end eighty-seven cents^r It whs apprehended that the sudden with* draws! ?/f So large a sum from the bunks Ut1. which It was deposited, at a time of unusn sl pressure in the money msrket, cause much Injury to the interests <* cnt on iHtuk ajxortimodationa. But 1 was wholly nverted by an early anti of it nt the Treasury, aided by tlie J irraneementsof the offlccrs of the Bank Of Tlie united Btstes i : ^ This state of the finances exhibit* the re sources ot the nation' In an aspect I' fl ittering to it* industry, nod ausphH the ability of Government, in a eery time* to extinguish the public debt. ' this shall be done^ our imputation relieved from a considerable portion _ present burthens , and will find, not only' new motives ?n patriotic affection, but addi tional mean* for the display of individual enterprise. The fiscal p.iwerftf the 8ta" will also be increased, and may be more< ttnsively exerted lit favor of education ? other public ftyects; while ample meu_ will remain in the Federal Government to promote the general weal, in all the n*fcle? permitted tofts authoiity. After the extinction or the public debt, ft is not probable that any adjustment of the tariff, upon principles satisfactory to the people of the Union* will, until a remote period, if cvor, leave t,hegovernnei|t with out a considerable surplus la the Treasury, beyond what may be required for it* qurreat service. Ah then the period approaches when the application of the revenue to the iwymeut of debt will cease, tin- disposition of the surplus will present a subject for the serious dellberatiop ol Cingrew; and It may be fortunate for the country that it la yet tobe derided. Considered in Connexion with the dHBcultics which have heretofore attended appropriations lor purpose* of In ternal improvement, and with thos# which this experience tells u* will certainty* arise, whenever power over such subject* may bo exercised by the General.Governmental i* hoped that It may lead to the adoption of som?? plan which will reconcile fife diversi fied interests of the States, and. strengthen the bond* which unite them. JLvtry mem* ber of the Union, In peace ami In war, *Wl' be benefitted by the improvesaent of I na*ination and the construction of ? way* in the several States. Ln tie- i endeavor to attain this. beoifit (n- 4~n which will be sntiafactorTto all. * hitherto adopted has, by many of our i cttixens, been deprecated i the Constitution, while by l __ viewed as inexpedient. All feci that H ha* ^.T?w.,.,cXsr,? To avoid theae evil*, it Wpcara to *?!??? the most safe, juat, and federal disposition which could be made of the aurploa reve nue, would be ita apportionment among** several States according to their ratio ?f representation j and *hould this meaaui* not be fuund warranted by the Constitution, that it would be expedient to propose to she States an amendment authoriaiiw h. I re gard an appeal to the aoorre of p. eaaes of real doubt, and where ita ? is deemed JndispMatble to the general i fare, as among the most aaec obligations. Upon this couai any other, ltaa, in the provf been east the r ^ to It will be extinguished. intended to he a Government < specific, and not general powers. admitted bf all; and it Wear dnty serve for it the character !afend<? fratwra, If Mtnericnco polnUouttl cesMty for an enlargement of these pc let us apply for k to those for'wh it is to be exerehed % and hoi tire whole system be a reaort to ed constructions. The achem? hmil well. It has exceede<t the hopca/ who devised, and become an objee ration to the world- We are reajj our country, and to the gleriousj aelt-govcrnment, for the p1 great a good. The-great lion relating to our internal affafy jr*? In tended to be left where the F< It ion found it?in the State G Nothing is clearer, in my vf< we are ohiefly indebted for Ae the Constitution under whlcr acting, to the watchful and/uxlffar* ope ration!* of t?*e State authfities. Thla I* not the reflection ot a dayjbut. belongs,to the nrnst deeply rooted ey? vidians of my rtHnd. I cannot, therefop, teost ronglyor too earnestly, for my owsfcaew Hs Import ance, wam you agiamst ill Wemachmenta upon the lefrhimnte *plere of State iove?* reiKiitv. Sustained byA? healthful and h? \igorating influence, /he federal ijHtem van never fall. / in tlw "Collection n^he revenue, the Jong credits authorised (4 Roods imported from beyond the Cane ft Grtod Hope at tho chief cause of the Nm at pres?mt sustain ed. If these were shortened to six, nine snd twelvu montlw, and frarehouseenroVl ded by Governnwnt, sufficient to receive the g.mds offered In depoaKe for aecfetlt/ md debenture; ?nd if the right of the tTnf ted Stales to a priority nf payment outet the estate of Its Insolvent debtor* were I?? effectually secured thl* evil would, In a i measure, be obviated. An au construct *weh houses, is, there the proposed alteration of the ?rommended thvftqr attention.