Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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v^VJJw t??V? ft ,yvW . *.vV ' ?#g*Vn t.-i* v I 449 **?> ?'', ill Ml nil ill i ? i'i ?. v' &&&*::* 7:vml|M* ?? > - . ~?^y? nH lilfe '*? '* '" ..???vjn ?*<{%? {'a^' .... IP-,--,- ??-/*?*'? j - ^i hi?; \:?'i^"Ty^tiWP,y"' ^ ^ ". '. '" it^sjeeU. Wo It* iXW+i&iW "nt^HHRfr MMtL OTATP PIUNTEIl OOfcWMWA, 8GUT1I CAKOUNA, SEPTEMBER 4, J8?? VOliVHE XV.-MTMBER S DKTOTttir behlndilfabe could: M ritk* Womi, abeahoold (mmA Ibioash Uft. ^^^a? w?v?|P Jtb? Am: My dear, .and aow _ the tail, while 1 at ick by the ear, k #RS'idS,:^al";' ,"v"a"1 The triad and the wMtkit were not to bo blom'd ?al the Am bad lat laa whim, Thai two at a time, wu a toedeererfram'd [eabam'd Forth* Uekof ona Am, m 1m watd quite That two (hoo d be alack upoo blm. ?'^?^e??ey?P'eter,r*Bthleklng we'll trol, Vm (Making wa woetaa/a tba Am, J la the ofconduct,' and Hock to {he AtBefcd b* would eooner be shot, Tbea lift ap a lo? frtna ?? ?Ml. Save Peter, nji be, I'll whip bin a Utile, Try H, my dear,Mp the; [RMii4 BotbamUht juataa wall have whipped a bran Tba Am waa Made ol audi obstinate mettle, Never a aftp moved ho. ?># ? i * I I'll prick bim, mv dear, with a needle, <aya the, Ite thinking he'll alter hlamiori The Am felt tie aeadle, aadap went hla beel, I'M tklakiag, mye Peter, he'a beginning to feel floae notion of moving babied. New rive me the needle, and ril tickle hit ear. Aadeet t'other ead too a going? The am felt the needle, aad upward* be reared, Bat kicking aad reeriag waa all that appeared, He bad ?ay iatentlon of doing: Say* Pater, aaya he, we're getting on alow, [ground While one and l> up. t'other allcka to the Bat I'm tbiaking a method to match bliu I know Well let for aa inatnnt both tall and ear gn, Aad ?pur bim at onee all around. SeMid. ao done, and all baadt ware a spurring, Aad the Ait, he did alter bla mind? For of be tat, like pnrtridfea whirring, And got to the wedding, while all were a itirring, Bm?te/t all hh feed bthind. (Prom the Boston Courier.] AND C COLIC AND CUCUMBERS Tbon brother of Henbane, tboa pleat diabolic, Tempter ead paalaher, pleneuro and bane ; CeaM of the Cholera, nenn of the c bo lie. Tie poieoa toaatthce? bat who can abstain. U yoa will aot be guided by couacil, my male*, [do. Let am tell yoa al leaat, what the Doctor will [platea, UawWeiep where the pals te, red hot pewter Cor what happened to me, amy be aaBerec/by Ua will bleed you, aad throw lathe bar! like a He will nom-Uhyoar body with potioa aad pill And bavlef ill uad yoa ia barheroaa manner, Will thlab ita favor, and bring in a bill [be great Where the pela may be grievous, the gala aboald So Ue better !? faed where the rteh is bat aamll, Nor woold I hereafter, to get aa eat ate. Be ao raab aa to eat a encumber at all. " T".ri* Mi*m* r ?== JEREMIAH SMITH'S CASE This unfortunate man was brought from the Goal on Friday the 21st ultimo to the Court-House, on a Writ of Habeas Corpus, -which was heard by Chancellor Harper. When he made his appearance in the street, he excited the commiseration of err ( one who aaw him. He is an old man, apparently 60 years of age, of an immense frame, broad round shoulder*, bent with tbe effects of age, or of hard labour. He appealed to have Herculean strength, and Ws large and alnewy arms were pinioned by (rots of power and sixe proportioned to the man- Hla irons prevented him from putting on his coat, and It was therefore thrown over his shoulders. His long sandy and grey hair hung about his head, ami completed the picture of utter wretched ness. We have been at the trial for life and dratli of many a man, and sat next to them and witnessed the workings of des pairing nature, but we have never seen one, so deeply agitated or so horribly dis tressed. His massy limbs trembled and the whete muscular system seemed agita ted by some strange convulsion. It appeared upon the return ol the writ, that Jeremiah Smith had been convicted and sentenced to death for some crime In IM1, and was pardoned by Governor Ben nett, ttpon condition that he would remain in prison three or 9mr months and then leave the ttate n^Ver to return. He suffer ed the impr4N*ea*? ?*d then left the state and removed Into North Carolina, not far fife* the South Carolina Ime, and became aeNbenef that State. He was a Mack ftatkh by trade, and in 1827. the people In the e4dtaing neighborhood, ot Houth ClWiu, to that In whiehf Smith lived In liagfn needofa black - r Smith to move Info their It would not be dhnger* and that hit boor*, tb<ry had a fight, and the pcl^ ha*lqg neeivcd the worit of it, bo went oft immediately toGovemov Miller end in formed him of 8mlih'? toning rpaijvA to state, and HU Excellency issu ed ? proclamation offering a reward oi f 300 lor the apprchcnsloo of Smith and his delivery Into Camden Gaol, Smith, In the mean time* had left the State and gtno to North Carolina., The peuoo with whom he had the fight nml two or three other* pursued him toto North CnroUOa* without any lawful authority, and rimed Smith there* brought him into South Carolina aad carried him to Camden, where he was committed to prison upon the affidavit ot pne of the captor*. K\ W. F. Dfauaturt, for the Sheriff, urged that altho' the arrest of Smith in North Car* ollna was without authority, yet his deten tion in thie state wa* Imwful?that the Gov ernor's proclamation did not authorise the captor* to sleze Smith In North Caro lina, but that when once brought into thu State, the proclamation and the magis trate's warrant issued after he came Into the State, and founded' open bis residence here for several years, in violation of the conditions of the pardon. Justified his com mitment. However Irregular his arrest, the Judge could not discharge him upon Ma*?** Corpus, because from the facts now before !??c Court It appeared that he Might to be detaiueu. jn^tho'all the previ ous proceeding* might be ??W? the judge would uow upon motion order hit commit ment. Smith had not compiled with the conditions of hi* pardon, and was therefore s convicted felon, un|>ardoned andunpunish cd, and ought not to be again let loose up on the community, no matter how Irreg ularly he hid bfcen brought within the ju risdiction. The Court ought not at the ex pence of the justice of the State to volun teer in defence of the insulted dignity of North Carolina. The Governor of that State might demand that the captors should l>? given up, and if the forms prescritAd by the constitution find the laws were observ ed, the Executive of this State would Find it necessary to comply. Smith moreo ver might hnvc his remedy against the raptors by private suit for his unlawful ar rest. No comity or international inw re quired that a fugitive convicted felon should lie sent from the countiy in which his of fence had been committed to the neighbour ing state from which he had been dragged ">)? private cltlsens, not public agent*. The case of Howland Stephenson cited for the prisoner did not apply?-he was forced into the jurisdiction ot New York to be arrest ed in a civil action for debt?that to make the ca*e analagous it must be considered ns If Stephenson had committed a felony in England and fled to this country and had then been forccd back to England by unau thorised persons, and after regular com mitment there bv lawful authority had moved to be discharged because he had l>een unlawfully dragged within the juris diction. He cited the case cxpartc Susan nah Scott recently tried before Lord Tcn terden and argued by Brougham and Chit ty. Scott committed a misdemeanour in Bngland and fled to Brussels?an English sdeer of Justice pursued her and she was lelivered to him It seems at Osteml, whence lie brought her to Rngland and she applied to be discharged?Lord Tcnterden refused to discharge Iter, and said it was not an un common thing to siese persons in foreign ttates, who had committed felonies, and jring them back ; and as to this case he aw no difference between felonies and mis demeanour*. Mcur*. Greffg and APCord in reply.? The motion for <M*chargo was not uncondi tionally aa had beatt npMMted on the part offthe State. It was a motion to allow the prisoner an many days an would be ne cessary to take him out of the state. Tho questions involved in the cause were very Important. It was true tho Governor had the right to pardon 8mith upon whatovor conditions he pleased.It would bo more than useless to deny that position aftor reading tho constitution, besides the deci sion in the State vs. Puller. But Smith had become a citisen of North Carolina. Though he waa banished from his own Stato yet he could acquiro citisenship in any Other State. Tho constitution of tho U. S. ?iid not prohibit it; nor did it autho rise any Mate to banish from tho territo ries of tho other states. It was not so in Switzerland, for there by tho Helvetic con federacy, each member of tho confederacy, may baninh from tho wholo territories of Ssitsarbnd. Vattel B. I. eh. XIX. 8. 288. aving acquired a citizenship in North Carolina, the constitution of the U. 8. cavo him rights which no inferiornowercoulddo prive him of. It says, " Tho citisens of oach state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of ciliMnn in the several states." Would not these constitutional rights protect hiin hero. Did it not autho rise him to como into South Carolina, as u citisen of North Carolina! Tito clause in the constitution was meant to protect the ciUsohs of one state whilst in another stato. As a citisen of North Carolina he canto pure into this state. He eould not bo said to have become a citisen of North Carolina upon conditions. Tho constitution make* nono. Supposo he had been sont into Uiis stato by the State rtTNorth Carolina on pub lic business, or that tin (aid been drafted and sent hare as a soldier, could ho hare been taken out of the ranks and executed! Once a citisen always a Citisen wss not the rule in this country. The discussions during the last war had esplocfed that doc Sirom this country. The eourt waa I bound to enquire into his capture. arrett was mntcrlal to be Set out in (ho as OirpM must annwer the taking as Well tonmuit ykfcj to the ?u no M were ?titdtion had provided 25 him wfcieh.fiMttld hawL. The Governor of (hi* Stat demanded him of (ho Govt Carolina. This wm a comity whim every qivilised nat^ott paid the oilier^ but our con stitution makes it a duty oh tho part of the states. Nations should avoid subject* of oftDM. Vattel B. II. ch. H. 8. 19, and eli.?, B.T8,78, 76. ThisWaifasoandalous procedure, for individitlUi,'' like border (hUnretto ruth over tho Uno into another state and take off their citizens. The court should diHOountonnnco such acta. Tho Governor had roAiscd to pay the reward on that ground, and (he pmoaor ought to bo sent hack. It was better to let a guiUy man eeoape (han (o encourage such con duet. Beside* a* a citizen ofNorth Caroli na he was entitled to trial by Jury. But it would aeem from Mary FuUer'* ca*e, that it wa* only necesmry in these caves to move fot judgment, and tho man i? haugod. His right then as a citizen of North Caro lina, protected him l>om tho effect of a broach of the condition of the pardon. lie could not be tried atjain for tho same of fence. They hoped tho mercy of the Court would bo extended to the prisoner who liad a largo fkmily and was, they hoped, n re formed man, and it wan shocking to hu manity to think of a person thus suddenly ; dragged from another state and executed, on accountof his folly in crossing tho lino, and that too to enable his captors to pocket #200. Tho only affidavit mado against fiim being by one of his captors, the court should reject it as incompetent. He was only entitled to the reward upon having Smith committed and this was tho affidavit upon which he wss committed. Stephen son'* case was referred to. Tim ciiArccr.!,T.on I cannot consider (ho prisoner a* respects (he present application, asstanding on any other footing, than if thft motion were for hi* commitment on tiio evidence lieforo me. Though I ahould bo of opinion that there was not sufficient evidence before the com mitting magistrate to authorise the com mitment, and that lie actcd irregularly, yet if th' charge ho ?ub*tantiatcd now, by nuf ficient evidence, I conceive myself hound to refuse tho motion. Why else in it that now ovidoncu U constantly receiveil, to support or repel the charge,'ou application for tho henoflt of tho Habeas Corpus actl If there had never been heretofore any charge, any warrant, or any arrest, and a' criminal charee, duly substantiated, were now for tho unt tiiuo made, it w?>uld be tho duty of any magistrate before whom such chargeshould lie exhibited, to commit. But the law cannot require any thing so unmeaning and futile an an order to dis charge the prisoner for irregularities in the proceedings against him, which must be immediately followed by another commit ment on tho same charge. I am to decide then, whether on the evi dence now before me, there appears suffi cient cause for tho prisoners commitment. The ovidence of tho records is producod, to shew tliatin 1891, ho was duly convicted of a capiat felony; that ho was pardoned by the Governor on condition or leaving the State and not returning to it, and the affidavit of Neil M'Noil, is produced,') which is not contradicted, swearing that Jeremiah Smith was in this State, in Ches terfield District, in the year 1827 and 1828. It it objected that M*. foil is an interested and incompetent witness as ho was one of tho captors, entitled to tho reward under tho Governor's proclamation. It does rot stem to me thatM'Neil has any interest in substantiating against the prisoner the i charge of having violated tho condition ofhispardon. The reward is offered by the Governor for arresting the prisoner and de livering him to a proper officer. M'Noir* title tolhe reward does uot in any degreo depend on the fact of the prisoner's having been in Chesterfield in \W27ahd 1928; which is the sole tact contained in his affidavit. If M'Neil did arrest and deliver him, accor ding to the meaning of theCJovemor* proc lamation. he is entitled to the reward, though it may turn out that Smith never violated the condition of his pardon and though ho may bo finally discharged. Tho charge may be established and Smith un dergo the penalty of the law without enti tling the alleged captors to the roward. It Is lor the Governor to consider whether such enarrest as was made in this es?e, comes within tho true spirit and intent of j his proclamation. I cannot doubt that tho evidence Itefore ! me sufficiently substantiates a ehargo1 which requires the commitment of the l?ris-1 oner. Hut tho ground principally reliod on for his discharge, is the irrcKiilarity in the manner of his arrest. He was arrested hv means of a violation of the laws and juris diction of tho State of North-Carolina. I havoalready said ingcuural that when an individual charged with a criminal offence is Iwforo a magistrate, the ?olo enquiry is, does there appear sufficient cause for his commitment or binding him to his answer. No matter what irregularities have oreured in hia arrest or whether ho has ever l?een arrested or no, if it appeaf tliat the law* have been crimlnnlit violated, it Is the do ty of the officer to take measures for vindi cating them by a prosecution. It is certain that no eonccivabln violation of the law sol' our own Stato in pr??curing ^prisoner's ar rest, could authorise the discharge of one who is duly charged Thou gh a house or a city had been fired in order to srrest him as Im escaped from the flames, or any cruel ty or injustice hsd been practised toward* him, the law would say, those who have beengiiilty of such enormities must an swer for their own acta and the prisoner for his. 1 am toseskfor the principle or tho au thority which will make a difference, when the arrest has been by means of the viola tion of the laws of an ndier jurisdiction. The prisoner is chsfgdl with ft Mofcious viola tion of the laws efthi* state: It is answer of the laws of another State, aad therafotrn fcl ought to bs Itoehargeil: I perceive no AOftnexmn between the premises and the inference. Th. Chief argument hi drawn aro . ?(iiStele. Th?n> lJn?>oAncf*^ bcjjtinty'; Convicting Uio 1 fft f<yei?n Government ~*ho has r?-OHtyof a violation of out laws, with in our jurisdiction. Or if ho had mAdohi. 0SC*J* from our Jurisdiction, and by nny accident Were thrown within it again; if ho ou,?yr 00Mt'or ftaudu |*)l,uccd to land, by a representation # ?iiOT* * W01* territory with a view tohMheingpven up to prosecution,there would seem to bo no reason for exempting him from responsibility to our laws. In tho caso we are considering, the prisoner is found in our jurisdiction |n consequence of a {awes* act of violonco uxcrcised uikjii hint by individuals. Tho tnto cause of oflbuco to tho foreign Government is Uio lawless violation of its territory. But a similar vi olation ui .. foreign jurisdiction might lio mado for other purjKwes and it would not 2 .. iwwer of our tribunals to afford satisfaction An individual might lw kid napped and brought within our territory for tu#,purposei of extorting monvv from him or inunlonng him. It would not seem to be au appropriate satisfaction to tho injured Government, toexempt a penon justly lia ble to puuishnient undor our laws, when wo have no means of giving up to punish ment tlioso who have violated its laws. But there is no difficulty among the States of tho union. I non demand by the State of North Carolina, those who have violated its lews will be given up to punishment. The caso of Stephenson in New-York has been quoted, and I suspect that ease has suggested the point tnadc in this. There is however no analogy in tho cases, Ste phenson having been brought into the ju risdiction of New-York, by unlawful vto once, was arrested in a civil tuit, by a sub ject of Great Britain, who wns accessary to the violence that hud l?oen used. It is es sential to tho existence nf a civil suit that process should be regukirly served or tho arrest regularly made. If these aro shown to liavo been irregular, tho suit is at an end. A person may be sued in a transjtorv ac tion wherever he is found, but even within Uio kmito Mate rf a Plaintiff, conceiving himself likely to gain an advantage by su ing the Defendant in a different District from that wherein he resides, should have him carried by force across the boundary ill order that the Sheriff might arrest him, no doubt ho would bo discharged, so per haps if he were induced to cross the boun dary by fraud. For many other causes, Hie service of civil process will bo set aside. But all this has no rotation to a criminal proceeding, nor ran any argument of anal ogy be drawn from one to tho other. Sher iff Parkins, a British subject, might, by the courtesv of nations, sue in tho Courts of New-York; but ho was hound to uso the privilege fairly and could not entitle him self to it by fraud or violence. Stephenson had comrtntted no violation of tho laws of NowYork or undoubtedly ho would nqt have been permitted to go with impunity, because a Bow-Street officer had been guil ty ofan act of unlawful violence towards him. Tho newspaper roporl of an English decision seems to bo in point. An individ ual against whom a lull had been found for perjury, was arrested by an officer hav ing a warrant, ill Brui>sel*. Neither tho officer nor tho warrant hndany authority in Flanders, and it would l?e no more than an arrest by any other individual. The opin ion of Lord Tenterden seems to intimate that the doubt, if them was any in tho caso arose flfom the circumstanco. that the pris oner was charged with a misdemer lor and not with a felony. Perhaps from iho con R"deration that a private person is not au torized to arrest one who litis I>ec!i guilty of a misdemeanor, though lie may arrest a felon. Ho states however thut ho had known sevoral instances of persons so ar rested tor felony. Certain it is, that in this Country, hundreds of similar instanccshavo occurred. Formerly, when the laws were less rogularly executed than at present, nothing was more common than tnat pri vate individuals should pursue felon*, horso theives and negro theives, into other states, and bring them bacTTTo thiT jurisdiction in which their offences had been committed. If I mistake not then; are similar instances of daily occurrence now?particularly Imv tween tho principal cities of different States. I think the abuses of ?uch a practice arc ft* well guarded againt an human laws can ?*ffcct. Whether the prisoner be guilty or innocent, his captors have violated the laws of North Caiolina, and may be given up to poniihmcnt. They arc also liable to him, In a civil suit, for the violence committed there. If it shall turn out that he is Inno cent, they will have incurred similar re sponsibility under the law* of this Mate. I need not observe that the prisoner's being brought by force into the state can not constitute any violation of the condition of iiis pardon. If the fart of bis havme re turned to the state heretofore be denied, or excused as having been involuntary, that must lie shown to the court which will be calleil oii to sentence him. If facts arc dis puted I tuptime he will bo tntitled to have tlicnt tried by a jury. The prisoner was remanded to Camden, where we understand the case must be heard again upon the motion to pass ?cn tence. LIB'! .Jig. iff Jl ... . . .'J?19 TARIFF. [Kmw lh* PrMTr?it? Ailroc?t? ] THE TWO TONH OF COAL. In n couvernntlon the other tUy with a frien<l in relation to the"American ?y*tem," he undertook to elucidate the doctrine of the employment of domt*tlc induitry, in (He following language:?" In my hoone 1 bum the Schuylkill coal, and in so doing, I give employment to/fleen different indWiduaK wft?rea* If I Were to bom Liverpool coal, 1 should only give employment to tfj* 1 prove thU at follow*. At the coat mln? one man i? employed to break the coal frort Ita bed?a nrcotd to wheel ft to the trout! U"V<r - f - tt-'nki I '' of the pH^nhnftoM it In i waggon? to It d?wn to tha' canal,?a throw tot cool out on tho wharf a eighth to loud ft Into a cart?? ninth to hanl It to tho coal yard?a tenth to put it up in pitta 7-00 eleventh to .weigh it?a ttoelfihXo put it again into fc cart to bring to my dwr>-? thirteenth to throw it into my collar?n fourteenth to break it op there into amali pieces? and 0fifteenth to pile it away rea dy for use. how, if I were to dm foreign coal, I should only employ one man to weigh it at the wharf?a second to loud it into a cart?a third to haul it to my doer ?a fourth, fifth, and otxtht to throw it in to my cellar, to break it up, and to pile it away." All this appeared pretty plausible, and ?ulte conclusive to aomc of the company, met the argument thus. "I admit that all your positions are corrcct, but Mill you , have not proved, that your burning Schuyl kill coal affords more employment to domes tic industry, than the burning of Liverpool coal. This 1 wilfyrove to you, thua. The Liverpool coal did not drop from the clouds down upon the wharf, where your supposi tion finds it, nor was it crcated there by magic. It was placed there from the hold of a ship, and the manner in which it got intothe hold of the ship, I will now explain; and you will then ace, that quite a* many individuals in your own country were em ployed, to bring it to the wharf where it ww landed, as are employed to bring the Schuylkill coal to the wharf where It is usually landed. The process, to l>e sure ia not quite as direct in the one caso as the other, but the pi inciples of both urc the same. "In order then to produce this Liverpool coal, one man is employed in ploughing the lnnd?* second in sowing wheat?a third in harrowing it,?a fourth in reaping it?a fifth in binding up the sheaves?a sixth in hauling it intothe barn?asrixnfA in thresh ing it?an eighth in carrying it to the mill? a ninth iu grinding it into flour?a tenth in cutting down oak trees?an eleventh in ma king staves?a twelfth in making barrels to put the flour in?a thirteenth In packing the flour?a fourteenth In hauling ittothe flour factor hi the citv?a fifteenth in inspec ting it?a sixteenth in piling it away in store ?n seventeenth In coopering it?an eigh teenth in draying it to the wharf to be ship ped"?Here mv friend suspecting that I was about to take my flour to Liverpool to be turned into coal, by that sort of magical process called eommeree, which, huving greater power than alclivmy itself, can transform any one commodity into any oth er that may be desirable, and can convert n barrel of flour into a ton ot coals, much quicker than a chemist can convert char coal into diamonds; suddenly interrupted me by saying, thst the British would not receive our flour, and that therefore, I hnd not the power to do what I proposed. To this I replied. *' Very well, 1 will then ar rive at my object in another way; and in so doing I will give domestic employment to twenty others, that I have not yet mention ed. I will take my floor to Charleston, anil will there turn it Into cotton, which I will then take to Liverpool and there convert it into coal, and bring it to Philadelphia. In doing this, I will give employment to three ships' crews, to pilots, to stevidorcs, to draymen, to the cotton planter, to those who till the land, plant tho seed, cultivate the plant, pull tlw wool, gin the cotton, pack into bales, grow the hemr</. make the ropes nnd liagging, haul the cotton to market,? sell it there and ship It. ft we also take into view, the hundreds who are employed in ship building nnd rigging, and furnishing; all the articles requisite to navigate a ves sel, we lliould swell the list to a verygrcat' length. Now, when I see a ton of coal landed from a Liverpool trader, I cannot but regard it, as a parcel of flour, which by a certain course of manipulation, has changed its nature as well a* its colour. If a iump of coal could speak, and give un ac count of ita pedigree, it is as like as not, tlint there Is many a one now here, looked upon os foreign, which owes its existence to domestic industry, applied In the first In stance to the surface of the very land In Schuykill county, which is now.embowcll cd by the operation ot the miners. It is impossible to import a foreign commodity without giving for it in return an equivalent domestic product. So that whether vou burn Schuylkill coal to the value of ten dol lars, or Liverpool coal of tho same value, an equal coutribution is paid towards the support of domestic industry. The only dlffcrencr l>, that in one case, the process is more direct and visible than it is !n the ! other." [From Boll'* Weekly In running through the official account of; thctrade of the country, we are moit struck i with that which is carried on bctwtrn the ! United States and (ireat Britain. The im- ( ports nearly balaucc the exports; the form- ! er amounting* within a fraction, to eight millions ami a half. What then linn the American tariff done in the way of restrict ing; the 'two countries? Notwithstanding the tariff, there appear* to he no decline in our trade with the United State*. Till* prohibitory system has l?een In operation more than fourteen months, and yet In the cotton, woollen and hardware districts, which contribute principally to the supply of American commcrce, there has been no abatement of activity or speculation, not withstanding the decline of wages. IIuw is this, it willbe demanded? Mutt not our foreign export trade suffer in those articles of manufacture which America has so high ly taxed? Can wu be expected to sell as largely when our goods are taxed at 100 per xent. as when they were only rated at ho?f Our answer Is* that high duties defeat themselves in two ways, aud react upon the country which Imposes them. In the first place, when laid upon necessaries or on luxuries which 1t*ve usurped the class ol necessaries, It la not * high duty whlah will shut them out ot consumption. And, ae condly, If the doty b* too high for lawful 1 traffic, h fa alwaya evaded bv Illicit trade. Therefore Wo arts -mraOaded that In one ol there ways wMI BmMi manufactures con. (tamo to fto>w Into America with tfce cesto maty ebemtanecw Thai a high duty la no (jMtvHn, * ? <WV> aesirnos or rawing it* whole rtvl )U custom., and avoiding the n< toncwilir % Awi^u entii*. It eann ?hot out British mnmifsctiirc*, which am the largest source of revenue. Bett whst ever the ultimate effect tnay be, if we cnn credit the accounts published hit govern ment, onr commerce has hitherto Miataincd no injury. If the tariff has been meant a* a jealous and vindictive measure, >ltTi a spent thunderbolt^ end if It were lot ended as a means of revenue, America lias,taxed herself, as she had a right to do, and caus ed no injury to British commerce. [Bell's Weekly Messenger map well bo satisfied with these mailers, for what has England lost ? But where is the tovenue oi' our government.* The Custom Houses nt New York, lloston, Philadelphia, Charles ton, &e. have given a sad answer *? tlii* question. Where will the intermit im provement men of Ohio andPenasjrlvanla ?of the West and the Middle 8talee?pro cure the one thing needful ten keep up th<* system of political bribery? ..Had they not rather sacrifice the Tariff whieh doda good to nobody, Uut injury to all?> W* tfhall no tice with some interest the bearing of thb class of pcopl? at the next session of Con gress.?Ed. Tkl.1 > > ? ;? *? ,, ... . -?i . I*rtnrh Iron.?It appears by an official inquiry lately made into the 'state of forger anu furnaces in Francc, that the prohibitory system adopted in France in the year 181*. for the protection of the FrenchJmuiufar ture irom foreign competition, although it has increased the production of Irow ib that country, has not benefited the manufactur er; since the price of wood*: which enter-* ho largely into the forging and casting ot iron, has undergone a corresponding in crease. It also appears that the manu facture of iron or^Mnus qT coals in stead of wood-Is gaining ground In Frtncr, and threatens destruction to the fatter pre - VAUIKTY. aci 1 ill ? r I Front ilir free Trade Adt ee?to.) Southern Feeling.-y We copy Unlay from our southern paper*, sonic nrtfclc* evincive of the feeling* of our fellow cititctisof tho south, in reference tq the policy whic1? they consider to be subversive of their ^ros i?enty wnd their liberties. We are perfect - ly acquainted with that air and manner of contempt, with which the complaints of that district of country have been hitherto regarded by the ** American system" philo sophers of the north, and we can very well imagine the existence in Great Britain pri or to 1776, of a party, who, regarded the complaints of the North American colonist* with the Mine haughty indifference and scorn. Self-conscienciouMtcss of power to cocrce, has often usurped the *eat of justice and there have been too many examples in the world, of attempt* to silence complaint by open or tacit Menkens of force, towpeci that conciliatory measure* will be at one e rcaortcd to, when it is the weak jrblch complain* against the strong It is a con solation, however, to reflett, that In our happy country the seeds of justice arc too widely sown and the feelings of patriotism too deeply looted* amongst the people, to lead them to endanger the Union, merely that a ?mull fragment of the nation *ha!V be saved from theoulamitic* which they have brought upon themselves, or that any individual or party shall ride into power. Hut whilst wu say thll, wc feel ourselves (onstraittcd to say, and we pronounce it, Utter much delib eration, and the fullest conviction, that no thing but a change in our national policy, founded upon a recurrence to th* first) prin ciples of tho government, which te*ch that " the powers not delegated to tho U. States, by the constitution, nor prohibited 1?y K to the states, are reserved to tht ttate* respec tively, or to the profile" can preserve us as an united family.?Free 'frmdt Advocate. *utciac.?we leant from the JVew Or (tavt Ar^u* that Mr. WlLLiA* M'Fat. i.ank Saul, Cashier of the,bank of New - Orleans put an cud to hit oxfttcnoe on the afternoon ot the 3d inst. by shooting him self with a pistol. The ball entered the left tide, passed through the heart and was extracted from his right side. At the mo ment he committed the act a committer of the Hoard of Directors was occupied in examining the quarterly nccounts and oount - log the cash. On the tabic in the direction, where he committed the suicide* a letter wns found, addressed to the board, in which Mr. Soul stated himself to be n defaulter to the Rank in the sum ef eight thousand dol lars, and that he had no means of paying ??. Mobile fia/icr. A correspondent of the Milledgevillo Journal xtitm that two (Jold Mine* have been discovered in Hsbersham County, Georgia. The editors express the opinion that it will !"? a sad day for that State when the precious mutals am found in any great abundance in her soil; and suggest the pas sage by the legislature of a law prohibit ing, under sovere penalties, tho working of any sold or silver mines in tho Mtatc.? South. Par. Ffcontr?A.?'The Talh?ha**rc Advoealn of tho 25th ult. congratulntes sll concerned upon tho prtmpect of alxindMt crops throughout Florida, and adviadl all who arc desirous of emigrating to ? salubrious climate awl reaping a riw harvest to go to Florida. One planter offers 10,000 liush ets of his present crop at 29 cents. It says ?"Tho planters all wear smiling faces, particularly those that arc raining Sugar Cane; and it is a fact beyond dispute, from ths experiments already made, that uurh gentlemen as have the means and will en I .tea with spirit into raising Sugar, cannot 4 fail in making largo fortunes. f ?. ?? JH Devrrrux. ?-Messrs. I.tel. Harper* of . New Yotlc have received a copy ?f this ea tl aerly looked for novelty the author ofP'il |"am. arid will Itnti-dtatel*.