Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1819-1821, July 31, 1829, Image 3
(Wt c'^pTTh^Twiciwhin mlSunUwuZ^
from th> C'b?ilf*ioii Mrrcury.? Ko Tm .J
'l'Uo present 0 mdition of (ho principal
nation* of the ivorld pre*ent* any thiug
but a gratifying picture. EmbaniMment*
and difficulties wwru to pre** heavily u|kmi
all, and from everr quarter wo hoar no
thing but one. uniform language of com
[between Runtia and Turkey
I-with varied Kucontuion both
world, howuver ha* boon
Ji the iailurea of the fortnor, or
> unexpected display of epirit
and resources by the latter. Fanaticism
ha* wipplicd the place of di*cipW altho'
oven in disoipUne, they have made consid
erable wogroin. UumIs does hot appear
at our fast accounts, to have materially ad
vanced to tho great object of her ambition',
the counumt of Constantinople. A good
deal of fighting has latoly taken place, hut
nothing important or decisive. Tho Turk*
;tro w?id to liavo suffered severely from di*-1
?-a?e.
(treat Brltahir?ftrat amongst the fore
most in wealth and power, in art* and sci
ence, in refinement and elegance?i* also
pre-eminent, nerhaps, inembarasAincnt ond
misery. Within tho last year, indeed tho
internal agitations which distracted Tier
have fortunately disappeared. Prudence
has yielded, what intolerance, perhaps
would have willingly withheld. Political
convulsion litis been happily avoided, ami
internal tranquility restored. Million* of
her subjects have been redeemedIroin thral
dom; gratitude and lovalty havo succeeded
to discord aud disaffection?and Ireland
instead of being arrayed iu anus, bleeding at
every pore, and drugging upon hcntelnhe
whole fabric of tho empire, uow joyously
eliaunbv "a nation's choral hymn for tyran
ny oertlirown " This'ovent, destined an it
is' to exert a propitious influence upon the
cause of freedom throughout tho world, has
increased unspeakably the moral and phys
ical power of tho empire, established har
mony amongst the people, and '.given a
new lease to the British Constitution. Hut
Britain sutlers, perhaps, more severely
than any other nation, under the general
depression of tho times. Oppressed by debt
tv an almost incalculable extent, she has
not only to support tho most expensive gov
ernment on earth, but also to provide for
tho wants of a superfluous and rapidly in
creasing population. With a dimimshod
trade, her manufactures, the great source
of her prosperity, have also essentially de
clined, and every arrival brings intelligence
? >f extensive ami alarming tumults amongst
the lat>oring classes of her people. Not
withstanding all this, however, itis said she
is both ready and willing fo arrest the pro
gress of the Autocrat of llussia, whenever
the Turkish Empire shall appear to be in
iiuinont danger. Whether such an event
w ill occur, pr whether Ureat Britain will
then umjto&tto risk the loss of llanover,
(as she would do in case of a general war)
and also to incur ait enormous addition to
her already overgrown burdens, for tho
Mike of the advantages that tnay result
from her iuterfcrreuce, time alono can devc
lopc.
trance also partakes the universal em
harassment unci depression. That beauti
ful country, which under a liberal system
of foreign intercourse, would be us prosper
ous a* it in lovely, pines under the influence
? ( unwise legislation. The baleful spirit of
monoply has ruined a very largo a ltd val
uable portion of Iter population, and as in
England, popular riots and bloodshed, ari
sing front distress, disgrace and distract her
government. It does not tteeni, from our
litest French intelligence, that the pro
ject* for the relief of the people, or relaxa
tion of the laws, are likely to terminate in
any beneficial issue. France, however, in
btill powerful and ;ich; and her induct to
Greece, several of whose towns she has
partially-rebuilt, and whtMo government
aided slto has by necessary donations to a
large amount, in worthy ofthe highest com
mendation. She has also undertaken and
buc.esfully performed, many scientifiiMx
peditionv, which illustrate equally her En
terprising spirit, and her patronago of lear
ning.
(ireeet-^ta long tho scene of massacre
and conflagration, of famine and distress?
is slowly reviving from her miseries, and
once more takes her stand amongst the na
tions of the earth. New cities are building
upon tho ruins of tlio old. and agriculture
flourishes upon her blood-stained fiiclds
Education and good gov eminent are work
ing wonders in enlightonitig Iter people
aud promoting the progress of general im
provement. tier children no louger dwell
in caves and slutro with reptiles tho preca
rious sustenance gathered from tho rocks.
Oppression has ceased to blast aud burn,
ami tho spirit of liberty is fast repairing its
cruel devastations. (ireeco is the only
-country, perhaps, which forms un excep
tion -to our first remark. Philanthropv
can turn to her with pleasure, although it is
hard todcterroino wliich is tho most grati
fying subject of reflection?the constancy
and heroism with which she fought and suf
fered, or tho animating lovuliii'-fs ami vi
gour with which she is now ri?tng from her
ruins.
&'/tain, loiiff poor, powerleM, ami howcd
ilown by despotism, hns recently been the
theatre of disastrous visitation*, whicli have
l iid in ruinit itiatiy of her towns and villa
ges, mid crushed nciieath litem vn*t multi
tudc* oi lier people. As a l.ist dying effort
1>r the resuscitation of her tr;??lc, tho Port
of ('adisr. has heen declared to h<> free, lint
not content with this, the ambition of l**<sr
<iinand appears to rise with tho desperation
of his fortune*, and, if recent account* are
to l>o credited, lie has actually undertaken
the re-conquest of Mexico. We have al
ready expressed our opinion on tho absur
dity of this enterprise. The caatlo of San
Joan, it will he found, cannot he easily ta
ken, nor any thing important affected l.y a
oaltry expedition of Tour thousand men.
Thin expedition to he wire, i< to lw fol
lowed by other*? Hut Vive* will find that
tho Mexicans are not a* wearv of freedom
at HoMlppOM*, and Ferdinand will wkiii he
l night, that, however divided or utiAl for
liberty amongst themselves, they spurn the
idea of foreign subjugation, or of exchang
ing dear Inxtght independence for their for
mer condition of clomal thraldom.
In Ptftufit, proscription ami cruelty
arc Mill 0M order of tlioday, ;?n*l ilifttrunt
and autfpNHQn univonuilly prov.iil Not
vnrjr longancoit wuwM that Spain had of
fered to ftUpport Don Munrm. on ?!???
thronn in opposition to Iho determination
of Dow Phono to dethrone him, niul to *??
aert the light* of the Uucon hi* daughter
U wm ?Uo Mid that England would prolm
Mjr interfere in conjuneQon with l>.?m IV.
n*ft A tain it WW reported tluit Don Pk
t?*o had abandoned hi* Intention to anp
v?tt flh (jf no ? In ?n*hir i
banco* in his own empiro Of BruU, Uv
nowajraiu itlsaaidthat DoivMiovai.li
about to luanry the Queen, but that Um
Emperor of Bnueil resists the union. Al
accounts however, concur in reprasentini
thu kinnkwnaa In a most deplorable condr
l tion. The catbasaadora of foreign powen
(have been recalled. and all intercourse on
oil; commerce, both oxternal and interna
uals obnoxious to the despot. Is it noi
strange that, whilst the *reat powers ol
Europe havobeen generally so alive to tho
principle of logitii.iacy, they should bohold
unutoved the usurpation*>1 Miui-kl., and
thu terrible disasters which havo followed
in its train. But, possibly , the Ein|M*roroi
Brazil mny hereafter seriously assert hit
dsufrl iter's title to the crown, in which caw]
Knalnml can s?**rccly refuse, i-ousistentlj
with Iter principle** and declaration*, to ah
the undertaking. "I'lio young Queer
now reside* in Lngland where she Iius fiw
some time been entertained aud honored I
a sovereign.
In Xtut/i America, contention ami rovo
hi lion are continually changing the asMi
ol affairs. The Southern Itepublica, indue
;?|?|?car to havethrott u ?>f|'u foreign, only 1
la* torn by domestic yoke*, and to have a<
uuired their freedom only to deatroy ?
They <to not comprehend, and aronot fltfo
liberty. Ostensibly free ax their inxtitu
tiouH are, they are in reality the xIiivcim
denpotn. Flections are decidcd by the bay
onel, ami the ruler lor the time ascend* f
power, not hy the will, hut over the bodia
of the heople. Ignorant and governed on
ly by lueir passions, they are easily capti
vated by military ftlnre, and seduced h
the art* of ambitious demagogues. Voa'i
must yet elapse before their institutiut
nettle down to calmness and solidity, o
before they understand and regulate
dom, unit is understood and rogulated
The hearts of AmericanH are with t
however, and will hail with delight, ever
symptom Hi improvement.
Ah regards our own country, it is n
less to speak ufevents that are familiar"
all. W ittiin the last year a great, but blor
less, revolution has been effected, by whi
til J right of the pco pie to choose their l_
lent has been decisively asserted and a cum
pleteoverthrow given to the unholy anibi
tion of individuals who had improperly ob
tallied and dangerously abused the nowei
of the government. Long and hitter
the contest between liberty and powe
liut the spirit of freedom finally prevailed
and the people are now emphatically goy
crned by a ruler ehosen oy themselves
Kealir.ing fully the ample expectations o
the country, every department of the got
eminent has been "purified and invig< rati*
hy his energy and ftnnness. Corrupt am
iui'om]Mdent officer* have been removed
and upright and competent men substitute
in their places. Mild and conciliatory i
his deportment towards foreign nations, h
has refuted the calumny which predicts
that he would speedily involve the countr
in a war. Recognizing the rights oftt)
States as Sovereigns, he has admirably ttil
initiated a painful controversy betwi
some ol them and the Federal (.ovt riunen
?and thus given u new life to the fedi
tive principle of our Constitution. Ener
getic ami industrious himself, ho has infn
sed energy ami industry into every branch
of tlii) public service; Shunning norrspon
Nihility, he performs hisown dutieafearlemi
ly, and cauM-s all under Itiin dilliceutly am
faithfully to discharge theirs. The peopk
are satisfied that they now have nnahleajM
honest administration, and hid thnin pento
vcre, notwithstanding the outcries of a di*
appointed faetion.
Itnt, even thu li. KtuU*?thus revellin
in political liberty and rejoicing In the to
milintion of thu Presidential contest, alftJ
sutlers under the evils of narrow and con
tracted legislation. Kven in thiH free roun<
try, and in this enlightened age, the lib*
ral doctrine of free trade has been made tc
yield to the avaricioun spirit of monopoly;
One section of the union has heen heavily
oppressed for tlh>'benefit of others, andov
erv gri^it intercut severely taxed for the
support of one, which could only thrive
upon tlie ruins of the rent. Undnr thiH ?K?r
tial and iniquitous system the results havt
followed that wore confidently predict*
Agriculture languishes?commerce has lei
our shores?and pecuniary emharassmon
universally prevailii. The national re von
ue has a) irtuingly declined?and even th<
manufacturer* flienuwlvm, for whose exclu
uive benefit this system was establUhm
are ruiie d or distressed. For til/* rented
of these evils, we look to Congress. KlintlU
that ImmIv again disregard our MifVcrinfl
and still persist to roh us of our right**-!
will then Im coihc the ini|>emtiveduty of th
Southern States, whose very existence :
involved in this question, to couxider wri
riously anil to determine finally, thecoitni
that may he demanded by their intereftt
and honor.
T i- ifR.???!?? nn'l vildim of tb? rpvolatii
?vli i y I wviv, *vf'l ho (i!?rt?<vl with the ipi
null <>t ? nf ill ? I t'owlnar ntrurt ? C. ,
tiii: KKi.iiiKits or tiii: ?i:vom;tio*.
lixtratt from an Oration ric/ivrrrd
(irrtiib'is/i. A*. V. July f, M29, Aj
./mnr? (I. lir of the J\'riv- Yot
Courier oint Enquirer:
" Hut if is hot ours to look forward
through dark .tin) shadow v futurity, to
? In* fahri<- o|' Aimriran lihi-rty toeing on
Ihc WiitiTs of limitation? la-t u? not |iro<
iilio^y tlnj gloom, nor forrti'll tin- li>ni[iMt.
t'omi' they munt?Ami diwmiy, ami prrit,
ami di'struction mint cnmo with thciu. It
in nn iilli* dream to attrihuto immutnhility
and identity to tho institution* of man*.
Wiwlmn inay forMM-u?genius may dir?*rt?<
ami valor way uphold?hut hooiht or later
Ihu voire of dcNtiny goea forth, and tlioy
fall to mdirx at it* 'awful sound hd <m
on joy the (iri'Miit, and Iiojio for our postrri
ty that tho gray twilight which romi-tltl
from afar, may hi-slow in it* approach to 1
this laud of froidom '
'? Look around, fellow riti/.en% and
Ik'!ioI<I your present Metwinn*! Hcliuld
your immense dominion*, xtretchinK from
tho Atlantic lo tin* 1'acilic.?-Beliowl the
fertility of y?mr noil, tl??? power of your
arm*, the incroane of your population; tHo
peace, tli?* happiucsM, Ihr prosperity, which
sparkle liko sunlight ;ill over your land.
C'ompare th? situation of youreonntry now
with what it wan fifty pear* a*??, when Mb
worn wutrd l?y war?it* wouMl
fading with famine, and it* *m? with m?re
liance hut in (hid ami their own just ? uuae,
waring An uncertain contort with tht
miKntiMrt nation in Kumpe l<ook on th<
picture and exult--for ncwr hail arty |?eo
pin higher cause for exultation.
" 'Inis in a I.right view Ixit titer* i? a
dark one to b? exhibited, at which honor)
turna pale, ami humanity shudder* To
whom are fuu indehtod for your IMtlfl
%e?il i's ' ?n?*?mHant bteeainpil ?Whora are