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STATE PRINTER. ?' COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA, JULY lO, 1820. *SSS!S| r?fUfJ-IVii Mtmnpir ?***?,P hlUr$pt^U9t(k**nJ0J th?ifMr. -; ? ..;.?TV. Tt* AD VKR TISRM&tfTS UmritdUUf mmai rmltt. U. S. Military Aoadmmv, > Wmst-Poirt, Jurr, 1889. 5 7b f*f Stcretury at bar, Sir :-Xbvttg been invited by you to attend tho examination of the Cadets of this Institution, aa a Board of Visiter*, for the pressot year, and having in that capa city completed our obeervationa and in | quirics, we beg leave to eubmit to your ^Mwideratiaa the result of our labour*. ? The exaaaiaation commenced with the [Mathematical Department, and nothing could surpass the proficienoy of the Cadets in whatever was connected with the science of Calculation. The meet complicated diagrauie and igurse were drawn with the greatest neatness, dexterity and precision; and all the required demonstrations, how over elaborato or involved, were conduct ed with a promptitude and correctness which quite astonished some. members of the Board ofVisiter* whose pfeviousexpcrience enabled them to lodge of such exhibitions. Nor could there Be r fallacy in this, or in* deed in any other l-w* ?>;" tho examination Rince in addition to tho questions proposed by by the examining Professors, many queries and some of thein of tho most abstruse character were propounded by tho Visitors themselves. Alt were answered with equal rcsdln?i, propriety and exactness. In Engineering military and civil, tho attainments of the Cadets were no less Katisfectory. In reference to military ope rations, the mode was exhibited of con structing and arming fortifications, whe ther permanent or temporary and whether Rook jrrorks were designed for attaok or defence, either in the field or on the sea SU KVKRY FRIDAY MOKNINU IN In the civil department was stated the manner ot collecting and preparing the va rious materials used m masonry and carpen try , in architecture ornamental and useftol. in the structure of roads, bridges and rail roadi, in remedying the obstructions in riv ers, and in the formation of canals and ar tificial harbors. While on tho subject of Engineering, however the visiters are bound to remark, that at present tho civil branch of tho sci ence can be more thoroughly taught than tho military; the models kc. belonging to the former being more complete than those ap pertaining to tho latter. But this school is primarily and essentially military. To that the appropriation, which has been come years annual, be continued for the purchase of models, and tho employment ?f a modeller. If this be done for a short time, whatever may bo requisite will be obtained, and then tho expenditure may ccase. To the Mathematical sciences, and their various and important applications sue-1 reeded Natural Philosophy: embracing Mechanics and Optics, Electricity, Mag netism and Astronomy. On these several KubjectH, the acquirements of the Cadets were highly creditable: but two deficien ciencica were noticed. Pint tho entire omission of Acoustics, they not being con tained in tho text bows which are used. Secondly the course of instruction is not tniAciently practical. The laws regulating the proportion of sound are obviously con nected with military manoeuvres, and every Cadet should bo able to illustrate,. by ex periment the truths which ho has been tpughtin physical science. But this ho cannot do wttn tho apparatus at present pos sessed by the Institution. To romody this defect an appropriation was made the last year which although judiciously distribut ed, has been found inadequate, and will hein a great measure lost, unless it be further extended. The Visiters, therefore, would recommend that a small sum bo granted, and a very small one indeed is all that is required, tocompleto in this respect the experimental department of tho Academy. In Efthtcs, Natural ami National law, fee. the Cadets proved the excellence of the instruction which they had received, and the Valuable use which they had made of that instruction. Undor this head con sequently, the Visitors have only to ad vise, first astriet adherence to the direc tions of the law, as it at present stands, with regard to tho subjects which the Pro foseor of this department ie to teaeh; and secondly that this Professor have an addi tional Assistant. This last recommenda tion involves no increase or expense, snd would if complied with, be vt>ry dvsnta gectts. In teaching French, the object is that the Cadets should speak the langusge with the strictest propriety of accent, but that they shouM bo able to translate with cor rectness and despatch any work written in Chat tongue. This ond the Visiters think i? attained. l.\ Chemistry no regular professorship has been cxtitblfshed by the Government, until lately an officer of the Medical De partment of the Army, specially detailed for that purpose, disoharged the duties of his chsir. Those dutie* since the resigna tion of Dr. Torrny, have devolved Upon Lieut. Hopkins, and bow well they have been performed, tho admirable prepara tions of his class Ailly evinced. For this year of toil and responsibility, Mr. Hop Kins receives, in addition to his ordinary pay, at Lieutenant, the turn of eight and fbriy dollar*. Surely this statement of the fret will at once induce Congress to rorrtfet so manifest sn impropriety, by ring ft Profr*???r*nm of < reo4ing and endowing Chemistry, Mineralogy and Geol??gy Hieee sciences are exceeded by none in utility. ?nd surpass all others in tho rapidity and extant of their Improvement. While ?penkktg of the Improvements of the professors, the visiters would remark, thai one nt these gentlemen (the profrsMir of natursl and experimental philosophy) Is rnnch mere highly paid than hie colleagues. 'pLig mAfif>m ?eieK Aft In nmirr tobe.afcenldbe reetHUd. All thepi'uNmiii? .^id h.r? t? proportloa to (Mr respective wants, and be placed upon per* feet equality both as regard* rank and re* numeration. In the examination hall, and dally In tne field, the visitors had ample evidence of ihe skill and dexterity of the cadet* In Infantry tactics. Equal attainments were manifest in drawing; and iu this department, which is fully provided with every requisite* It Is worthy of observation, that on making the comparison, the class of each year surpass* esthat by which it was proceeded. If any one subjcct taught at this Institu tion deserves superior attention, that ire eminence the visiter* conceive should be bestowed upon the department of artillery. The value of instructions in this department, results not only from the Intrlsk importance of this arm of the public defence, uut from the peculiarity of the knowledge which it requires?* knowledge not elsewhere to be very readily attained. Under these im pressions, tho visitors arc bound to state, that this branch of instruction though con ducted with grcut seal and talent by Lieut. Kinsley, labours under great disadvantages. In the fir*t place, the appropriation for the erection of buildingv, Ucc. although not ex hausted from the great economy observed | in its expenditure, is nevertheless inade quate. Seemildly, more time should bo be* stowed upon the management of great guns, the preparation of ammunition, and the study of iivHrtechny generally. Lastly, merit in this department should be more highly estimated, in determining the rela tive standing of the cutlets, since those stu dies will always he the most eagerly pur sued, in which rank is conferred by profi ciency. Having thus, sir, disposed of the subjects which are taught in the Academy, of the manner in which instruction on those sub jccu is imparted, and of the acquirements of the cadets, the visiters will next call your attention to the genehd concerns of the institution. And here the visiters, with great pleasure, remark, that the police and discipline which prevail in the establish ment are admirable in themselves, and are faithfully and impartially administered. But the officers to whom are confided such im portant trusts as police and discipline, labor under a difficulty which the visiters would earestly represent cannot be too speedily and effectually removed. The evil alluded to arises in this* manner; to enforcc the regu lations of the academy, to keep the cadet i?? all things and at all tunes to his duties, is a task which admits of no relaxation, is never agreeable, and frequently bccomes odious. It is not to be sup|iosed, therefore, that officers will either seek such employ ment, or remain in it longer than they arc obliged, unless there Ik- something to com pensate them for the irksomeness of their situation. S<> far is this from being the case however, that an officer whoso days and night* are devoted to the unpleasant duties winch have been incutinm-d;duties, it is al most needless to say, affect not only the prosperity, but the very existence of the academy, is actually in a worse condition than if he wcic at his post, since his chance tor promotion to staff appointments is less. Ann it must, too, be borne in mind, that those officers who are selected fot the da les of which we arc speaking, are precise ly those wfi'tse merits woold lead to the pro motion mentioned. Compulsory service, consequently, on the one hand, and what is worse, frequent changes on the other, are unavoidable, and constitute the most serious evil to which the academy is at any time subjected. The mischief may be, in part, if not fully remedied by a more liberal, and it i? believed, bv a juster construction ot the law, granting officers of companies, wheth er captains or lieutenants, extra-pay for ex tra-services. l'han this nothing can be more proper, and well aware of its weighty importance, the visiter* cannot too stronglv urge it upon your early and most favorable attention. The management of the academv, as it regards the diet of the cadets, their sup plies of clothing, necessaries, &c. has not escaped the attention of the visiters. All these subject* have been cnquiied into, and were found, in every respect, well regu lated, The last topic to which the visiters wouid call your attention, i* tho want* of the in stitution. A large number mi^ht be easily enumerated, but the b mrd well knowing that a sound economy should ever charac terise a wise administration, will mention but tw?>?a bouse to preserve the health of the cadets, and a building for the worship of God. With regard to the first, it it well known to alt who huve attended to Mich inquiry, that se\ ere mental labor, without corret ponding corporetl exercise, wll< undermine the strongest runs'notion. The cause of this r.eed not be here investigated. The fart in notorious, and ha* been observed in thin plucc as well as clsewhere. True it is, that many of the cadets do not die, the mortality being as low as one sixth of one percent. Hut it i? believed that Mime, Af ter leaving the wliml, hwv? ultimately fal len victims to the sedentary habits which have unavoidably been acquired at thisca tsbllshrrent. A ?.?alamity.moieover, of this kind, it mutt be remembered, in more like ly to befall those who are the most emu lout of distinction. With regard to all the cadets, however, it may be averred, that they arc constantly tasked to the utmost, in the way of mental exertion, while from the nature of the climate, for very nearly an entire moiety of the y ear, they are, for till the purposes of recreation, debarred from the use of liieir limb*. A building sufflc lent for the purposes contemplated, may, it ta understood, be erected for some six or seven thousand dollars, a sum altogether insig nificant in comparison with the magnitude and the Importance of the object to be ob tained. ' The apartment at present used for divine worship, was originally designed to answer a different purpose, for which indeed i? li much needed. If this were otherwise, however, more room and better accommo dation are wanted for religions exercises, and a mere expression of the fnct, Is all that the christian ruler > of a christian peo pie can require, when those mien alone arc competent to rectify the evil to bearing cordia testimony to the teal, ability and devoted* ness of Col. Thayer, and the Academic Stuff. Froosthe Colonel himself, and tl?c various gentlemen connected with him, the visiter* experienced individually every courtesy, civility and attends* And the different members of the board will now re turn to their respective dwellings, fully per suaded that this institution, even In peace, more than repays its cost to the nation.? They are yet more thoroughly convinced, should the storms and perils of war assail us, tliat among the graduates of West Point, would still be found the appointed and effi cient defenders of this, our country, so fa vorrd and so beloved. We have the honor to be, Respectfully, your obt. serv'ts. PIERREVAN COUHTLAND. Pmldcnt. ? J. BURNET, W. I. WORTH, Lt. Col. U. 8. A. WM M. DAVIS, CHRISTOPHER E. ROBBINS, J. AUGUSTINE SMITH, TIM. WALKER, E.S. DAVIS. THO. S BELL, LEVI FOWLING, THOMAS CLELLAND, F. W. HATCH, WM. ROSS, WM. LAW, ROBERT ARCHER. Seo^ry. to tlte Board. [From tlir New York Courier and Enquirer.} Nero Pafier.?'Vtit Baltimore Chronicle assrrtn, that a person has passed through from Washington, bearing letters of intro duction to certain leading politicians, the object of which was, to establish n new pa per nt the scat of government, which is supposed to be intended to befriend Mr. Van Burcn, should he be n candidate (or the presidency These rumours of establishing presses (or the advancement of individual objects, are all false; and Mr. Van Burcn and Mr. Calhoun are probably the last per* sons who would encourage aprojcct, which hnd for its object personal aggrandisement , No paper, started with such views, can ev er have influence; they always carry with them a personal identity, a selfish motive, inconsistent with what in exported lrom the free and fearless discussion of independent journals. Sagacious politicians who desire to sour to emincncc, and sit in the high pla ces, never undertake to manufacture their own wings, unless, indeed, they are dread fully wedded to what is erroneously called the American system; and men of legiti mate claims can always obtain the support of presses posscsMng an established charac ter and influence, and resting on a more solid basis than an unsteady individual pat ronage. No now press can succeed unless it takes u wider and more general range, unless it embark* for our principle and the support of our republican institutionH-~thc people will never pay for a paper that start* into existence to support A?or B for any par ticulur office. Such were never the ob ject# pf establishing l'ressca in a free country. However, we are always well disposed from sympathetic feeling* toward* these new presses if they are to be established.? We know that hard heads and long purses arc ueceaaary for their commencement, and painful days and sleepless nights and empty pocket* the consequence of their continua tion;?they are quick-sands in which a man may lose himself; like wells in which you are constantly dropping something and ?vhlch never till v?-they arc tike overtrading and overroanui>fturiiig; without good mnn ngetnent and i'ndoubted support they are /irq/ltlfi plagues to their funndors and inventors. The National Journal at Washington is carried on we should infer at a great annual loss, and if the National Intelligencer, had all that was due to that establishment, the worthy editors would never be compelled to stand on deck with ropes in hand, ready to trim ship to every breeze. There is no profit, then, in starting a pa per at Washington, and no where else, if we are to iudge from the signs of the times. We have In our own city, within two years, the evidence of " The Chronicle," "tne Timet,*' " The Telej[rafih." " The .Advo cate," and until the late arrangements, " Tmk. Coumkh," th-?t thousands and ten* of thousands must necc*.? :ly be lost before a paper can be established in this city, and even when considered established, one lulf of the daily papers but add to their original losses. But if public men will be generous, if they will say. " We will throw away 430,000, which must be sun!: or lost on a paper in its commcncen;rnt," there is no checking such genet ous ambition, and if mo ney is to he thrown u way, it cannot be better done than in newspapers. (From the importance which tho case of Tobias Watkins has acquired, arising prin cipally front tho character of thu man, tho intermit taken in liiin by the frienda of tho coalition, tin- necessity of punishing fraud ulent and dishoneat public agents, and the strenuous effort* of the accused to evade punishment by tho mcrett technical excefi /tone to the/orm of Indictment, wo nppre hend tho following account of thn true me rit* of the caso, upon which we rely, will bo acceptable to the reader* of the Tele* copo.) [Prom the Baltlmnro IN pnMicsn.] LKTTEU I. H'athington, June 22, 1829 Sir, Observing that yon have honored my communication of the lath Inst. with a place is your columns, I shall proceed to give you In detail, the promised facts. The earliest and one of the most simple cam of detected fraud committed by Dr. Watklas, bear* date March 6th 1857. On that day he addreaaed a letter to the Secre tary of the Navy, of which the following la a copy. " 44* Auditor1* Office, 6th March, 1M7. "Bia?I will thank you to eaaaaa requisi tion to be Issued Inlavor of Purser Ramble ton for jsoooi? under the head of " Fay Afloat,w made payable to my order, at the request of! |r. f f amble ton, flijr the put post of paying his drafts on me to that amount T. WATKINS." 'Secretary ot the Navy.' * Without any other Authority tor the act, Mr. Southard endorsed ui>on the letter in pSc?. OTE*TUT. <&.ifiil! money waa drawn from the Treamy by Dr. Watkins and charged to Summit Ilafn blston on the l>ookt of the 4th Auditor's office. There I* no order or request of 8. Hambleton, and no drafts of his paid by Dr. Watkins on file in the NawJjfcpart ment, or in the 4th Auditors Officer nor has Hatnbletoo ever charged himselt with the money, or in any manner acknowledged its receipt. If Dr. Watkins had such a re Suest from Hnmblrton as he all edges, or ' he had paid any of his drafts, it was his duty to file them in his office, as hie au thority for charging that gentleman with the f9000. The absence ot every paper' of thin description, and Hambleton's omis sion in al) the accounts rendered by him since March 1827, to charge himselt with the money, or in any way to notice It, or the1 drafts alluded to by Watkins, afford the strongest presumptive evidence, that oo such request way ever made, that no such drafts ever existed, and that Hambleton was wholly ignorant of the whole transac tion. With this evidence the ease was present ed to the Grand Jury. But that body re fused to act upon it, on the presumption as' 1 understand, which was ccrtainly contrary to every reasonable and legal presumption, that Dr. Watkins might have had authori ty from Hambleton! Surely, they might as well presume that any culprit whose case isprescntcd befori tlicm in the mostaggrava ted colors, ha % a good defence which nobody knows any thing about, and on that ground refuse to indict him It was proved that Watkins had drawn $2000 of publio money and charged it to a distant Purser, without exhibiting the slightest authority for doing so. The only reasonable presumption was that he had none. But if be had any which he had carelessly or criminally neglected to file in the public offices, it would have formed good ground of defence before a Petit Jury. It was not the province ol the Grand Jury to presume lie had authority when it was proved there was none in his office, the only placc where it could have been rightly left. If he had put public papers in his private bureau, himself and not the United States ought to be responsi ble for his wrong. But even this singular presumption of the grand jury, was,a few d*ys ago, completely rebutted and overthrown. The present 4th Auditor had, under date of April 29th, 1829, written t?? Mr. Hambleton, calling his at tention to the fact of his being informed of this charge, and requested to know why he had not credited the government with the ?2000. Mr. Hambleton replied under date of May 20th, that he was unaware ot ever having received the money, and that he had written a Icttci toDr. Watkins many months ago, requesting a copy of the document on wliich the charge against him was founded, to which he had never received any reply NimucIi letter can be found in the 4th Au ditor's Office, and if ever received, It must have been suppressed. Mr. Hambleton'* letter to the present 4th Auditor, was laid before the jury, for the purpose of showing them that the presumption on which they had refused to act, wus wholly unfounded. Still did the v adhere to their presumption, that Watkins might havo had authority, and they refused to act on the ca*e, unless Mr. Hambleton himself were produced be fore them. I shall not go further than the facts war runt, when 1 say, that not one of the jury hesitates in believing that Dr. Watkins hat received this 43000 of public money, charg ed it to Humblcton without authority, and dishonestly applied it to his own use; yet, they refuse to find a bill against him, be cause, contrary to all probability and their own belief, he may fiottlbly have had au thority Why, sir, a inrtit jury, if true to their with*, most have found him guilty on the evidence presented to the grand jury. The government proves that their was no authority for receiving this money filed in the office where it ought to I It is tlifcn incumbent on Dr. Wutkins to shew that he had authority, mid explain why it was not in its proper place I f he could not do that, a jury must take it as proof that none exist ed,and would find him guilty. Hamblcton's presence would not he necessity to his con viction; the absence of all authority, with Watkins* inability to explain, would he con ducive. 'l'he oath of Hambleton that he never \in\c the authority, could not be more so It is not the habit of grand juries to re quire as strong evidence to indict, as petit juries require to convict. Rut here, a grand jury refuses to indict upon evidence, which, with wt other explanations thnn the unau thorized presumptions which the grand ju ry set up, would Inevitably lead to convic tion. I)<? not the jury, therefore, In refus ing to present this case, exhibit a caution wholly at war with the due administration of justice and the public safety.' I understand that \lr. Hambleton is ex pected in this city in a few days; but wht til er he wdl arrive during the session of the court, is wholly uncertain. Were thin the only ease, the effect of the grand jury's hesi tation would probably l>e to set at liberty a speculator on the treasury, whom they all knew to be guilty, and enable him to escape merited nunishment. The public have mi account to settle with Mr. Houthanl. They will require to know u|ww what principle, or nccontfing to what law it U, tiiat he issued this requisition upon the simple request of the 4th Auditor, 1h the bare word of an accounting officer, without voucher, sufficient to draw from the Treasury lar^e numi of money, and charge them to dU'nnt agents of the government! The draft of distant agenta or officer*, are generally drawn on the Secretary of the Navy, nnd not on the 4th Anditor. The latter haa no concern with the dUburte ing of money, he can never rlghthdy draw it from the treasury) hegi?es nosccurHy.he never draws drafts, unless it be for specified objects cohncctcd with the navnl service. Mr. Honthard, therefore, took spon him ?ell A heavy responsibility when upon th? bare word of lJr. Watkhte, he pat at hit disposal $7000 at the public money. Hoi this is not the only case, aa I shall shea you fan the progress of tfaete letters, in trhtcl he was kind to hit friends to the detriment of the nubile interest In my next I will give you a detail of the frauds committed by Watkins in his trane* i actjous with Mr, Paulding, which have al mdjr eat such a figure in eoavt. | LETTER U. 8?a, ly'athlmgton, June 35*41830* I shall now proceed to detail to you the frauds committed on the United States by Tobias Watkins, through the Navy Agent in New York. The first step in this process was a letter# of which the following is* copy k " Treatury Department, 4th Auditor'* Office, 5th July, 1827, . Sir. You will receive by the mail of to-morrow or next day the Treasurer's draft for $500 ?five hundred dollars, under the appropri ation of arrearages, in order to meet my or der on you of this date for that sum. That time might be given for the remittance of the draft, my order is made payable at three days sight, and will be charged when paid to "arrearages." It is in favor of S. & M. Allen, & Co. I am Sir, very respectfully, Yonr obedient servt. T. WATKINS. J. K. Paulding, Esq. Navy Agent, New York. On the 6th July, Dr. Watkint procured a requisition on the Treasury, to be issued by the Secretary of the Navy in favor of I. K. Paulding, for #1000, chargeable to the appropriation for " arrearages prior to 1837, for which #30,000 had been appro* Eriatcd at the previous session of Congress. y what meaiiH Mr. Southard was induced to issue this paper, there isnq evidence ex isting in the Navy Department or Fourth Auditor's Office. Dr. Watkins next wrote the following letter: " Treatury Department, Auditor'* Office, 0th July, 1837. Sir, Instead of the remittance of 8300 men tioned to you in my letter of the Stu inst. you will receivc, so soon as the requisition can pass through the forms of office one thou #and dollars under the appropriation for the payment of ?? arrearages," of the receipt of which please to adviKC mr. 1 am, Sir, respectfully Your obedient servt.' T. WATKINS.' J. K. Paulding, Esq. Navy Agent, New York. The next piece of cvidcncc exhibited, is the following letter: "Dreanury Department. 4 th Auditor'* Office, 25th July, 1827. Sir, I hnve this day drawn on you in favor of C. S. Fowler for rive hundred dollar*, which you will please tochargcto "arrear ages." I am Sir, very respectfully, Your obedient servant, T. \VATKINS." J. K. Paulding, Esq. Navy Agent, New York. As.advised in these letters, J\Ir. Pauld ing received the remittance oi $1000, and paid the first draft on the 11th, and the se cond on the 30th July. When he forwarded to Dr. Watkins his accounts for the quarter ending 30th September 1827, he inclosed the original drafts, tu his vouchers, to ena ble him to obtain a credit for the 41000 in the settlement of his account. The ac counts were placed by Dr. Watkins in the hands of Mr. Henry Forrest, an examining clerk. When he came to the two cliargc? of $500 each, for money paid on those drafts, he could not find the vouchers. He took them to Dr. Watkins, and enquired what he should do with those items? The Doc tor took up his pen and ran it through the entries, and told Mr. Forrest to suspend them, observing that he or the Sccrctary of th? Navy was to settle them. Tlie account was settled and a statement made out foy Mr. Paulding, in which his attention was callcd to this suspension.? That statement and two others afterwards made out, though recorded in the 4tli Audi tor's Office, with a letter purporting to have accompanied thom, were never re ceived by Mr. Paulding, and he was never informed of these suspicions until after the present 4th Auditor came into of fice. Not one oi the letters, copies of which 1 have here given, though all purporting to be official, was recorded in the 4th Audi tor's Office, nor was a trace of the transac tion there to be found* cxcept the charge against Mr. Paulding of J1000 on ac count of " arrearages," and the crazed nmount. Upon the submission of these tacts to the Grand Jury they found the following pre sentment : "Dhtrkt of Columbia, County of 14 at ft inff inffton A/ay Term, IBUV. Tn?t .furor* of tho United States for tho body of tho County aforesaid, on tlicir oaths and affirmation present: That Tohiaft Watkins in hiM rapneitv of 4th Auditor of the Treasury of the United States. ostensibly for tho public service, but falsely and without authority, did on or about the 6th day of July 18517, procure from the United States Navy Department, 6ictions to the United State* Treasury partment, to place in the hand* of J. K, Paulding, Navy Agent, at New York, the eum of one thousand dollars, which sum of one thousand dollars the as id Tobias Wat kine, by letter* of advice in his official ca pacity, and by his drafts on said Paulding sold to Charles fl. Powlcr, did receive for bis own private use, vis. Ave hundred dol lars on or about the 6th daf of July 1427, and the farther sum of Ave hundred dollars on or about the 86th day of said month and fi#r' AVSW? WAY* Atrrmrn.* There never wm a plainer eut ef fraud made out Tn?t Dr. Watklaa procured the requisitions to be twtteri.by which the money wu drawn from the Treasury j that he drew drafts and sefld them to a broker in Wa?hlngten}that by hUletteraof advlco he artfullyInduced Paulding to pay them, under tl??? conrtetlon that he was doing that which had betorehand the sanction ot the Secretary offh** Navy Mid the 4th Auditor; to entii accounts; train affects ?M not one man fifth* of it wmP them hit personal friends, tate for ? moment. In their they were unanimout.. In pursuance of'the Grand Jury found an Ind! cuou common tow. The prisoner demurred to it* ground, that an indictment for a mhted against the United States, sustained at common tow. ?'The cided that the indictment was matou*w|*? a* i em moo tow t but quashed that wl jury had found, because, if I folly stand their acute reasoning, its forth what sort of a talc K watt the to the Secretary of the Navy to to issue the requisition! That cure it to be issued, there that bis intention wan to put ney into his own pocket, could not b? ques tioned: that he succeeded, the evidence fcd lv established; but because the ?fiee\fic falte hood by which he nccocnpiUhed all. this was not set forth, he is to escape with im punity. The Jury would not And a bill set ting forth the specific falsehood, because It wai not proved before them, indeed, it is very doubtful whother Mr. Southard* or any other pervon knows or remembers what it was. Why require it to be alledged or proved? Dr. Watkins was not iodlCted tor tolling a lie, but for defrauding th# United Ulaie*. It could avail nothing to law or morality, whether he effected the Iraud by truth or falsehood. But the court hold out a premium for ingenious rogery by>lrtual ly deciding, that no trend is punishable, which Is effected so artfolly. that you can not prove the culprit told a ac complishing his purpose! It is on such grounds as this*that1 cuit Court for the District of; Co have quashed this and several ether. ments. Fraud and crime wtUexoK to 1 impunity, and honest men are chained with persecution and tyrranny for their perse vering efforts to bring the bold and acknowl edged culprit to justice! ? X In my next I will give you the particulars of two other frauds committedTon the Unit' ed States through the Navy Agent at New I York. : MISCELLANEOUS* ^i'nu Goto' RsoiolT-^e have Wlh nrto inadvertently omitted to montion tho flattering discoveries of the precious met al -which havo been made the present sea son in this (Rowan) county. Previously, no serious attempt had been made* to as certain whether there wan any Gold in the county. Recently, however* spins, Kniall particles, accidentally found indiioed a search on the part of soma of our enterpri sing citiwens; and the Kucqeas which at tended their effort*, prompted others to inake search; until there have fcsep, top to this time, more, we should presume, than fifty gold mines opened in tho county. In all that district orcountry south and east of Salisbury, extending from Cabarrus to Da vidson, more or less gold is scattered through the ridges; and it has also bean found to exist north and west of tho town; In tho oxtrenio part of Uto county, adjoining lie dell, a company from this place is working a valuable mine which promises to be ex tensive. At some of the mines s lew miles east of us, where companies of < havo recently commenced oner has been dug up, so rieh> that it is thought some of it will produce at the rate of dO dwia per bushel! A confident belief is en tertained, that Rowan will prove as rich in hot if)'den treasure sax any other OQJUI ty in tho stato. Gold has recently boch found in Wilkes I county, in a number of places. Many of tho enterprising citizens there are buying and leasing land, for ?he purpose of pUrsu- * ing tho mining business. We Have been informed that ono or more of the compa nies contemplate the immediate erection of |itoaehinory, for pulverising and washing the ore. A new and very rich minebSS bedn dis covered on the plantation of Major Jona than Harris of Mecklenburgh county. By the labor of four negroes, Major Harris re alizes about a hundred dollar* worth of Gold dailv. In Guilford County, we leara that discoveries of tho pronoun metal oro Almost daily made; and gentlemen of skill and en terprise are going into tho business pretty I'lrlrrff ? w * Iti Lincoln as well a* Rutherford countia*. Gold haa been found in divofa placea} and we I earn that proparationa are making to work tho mines. In Randolnh, Chatham, Stokes, Rock-* ingliain, and Kuny, *omn Gold, and indi cation* of more, have recently beet) discov ered. In Mecklenburgh, new and rich vein* are constantly opening, extcnmVo machin ery is continually building, and large quan tities of th?- precious metal are daily wash* cd out by steam, water, and home power. In Anxon and Montgofoerv, the mine* continue to bn worked with profit; si* though not ai extensively in the letter county as formerly. In Davidson county, a number of new mines have I wen onened, and machinery is erecting to work them. It ia stated in the Pioneer, tl ny hare commenced the Gold ne*a in York district, with a i of success. A gentleman of 1 found a mino on his plantation, milo from tho village, which ] productive.?WMtrn Carol The Kditors of tho New Bedford Courier copied tho following from a bank bill a few days sihef: "A Nf-w Bedford Whaleman bide fkra well to his Isst dollar, of a three years voy age, amonnt fair' <?fk J*W, thr Wholo of Wtifch has been spent ia intemperance. June 1,