Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1819-1821, November 07, 1826, COLUMBIA TELESCOPE--EXTRA, Image 5
1 ' V -:v'1
M^'Ol
four own I
is yet ii fpirit, animating
1 not itiflVr t!?6 bounties
*f Provldenfec (o be ihotvotod upon ua in
vain, balwlU receive tbem with grateful
heart*, Mid ntoply . them with unwearied
hnndt, to tho iivancemont of the general]
' i'
- Of lite tuhject* rccommendcd to'the
c<K??itleratlon of Congrem m their Itttee**
oion, Mme wire then definitively ectci' up* I
en. JOlhert left unfinubeJ.Uit partly ma
tured, will recur to your Attention, with
out needing a renew*! of notice from me.
'fbefnrprDofthit communication will be.
to piwcnrtoynnrviow the general n*pect
of our public Mft'tit * at thl* Moment, ami
the measure* which htire been taken to
enrryinlo cOect the intention* of the IrgiV
l.itm-u m eigni fieri by the l.iws then ami
heretofore enacted.
In our htlereourae with the other an.*
tione of the earth. We have etill tlte happi
new of enjoying peace n*d a general good
?nuler?tamling?q>i.ilitic<l, however, in *e*
vcrul importnr.t iiMtance?, by collUion* of
interest, awl by umntioficd claim* of j?lt
lice, to the settlement of which? the con*
?titutioual iuterponition of the logudative
uuthority may become ultimately indttpen
ii'. le. , *
ily (he decease of the Emperor Aleinn
der ofRMMN. which occurred cotempora
mM With the commencement or tin
oTCpngress, the U. SfcrfedRivc
prived t?f >i long tried. steady, and
frimid. Born to th? inheritance of
atliolntO power, mul trained in the ichoM
of wl varsity, fiomwhi<ihuoptweron earth,
however absolute, *? eteulpt* (hut mon
arch, from his youth, had been taught to
faoltho force nod vil'.ie of public opinion,
ami to ho cctMiblo that the interests of hi#
own/government would bast be promoted
by r Irani* <mt\ friendly intercourse with
tuis republic, as those of hit |?eople would
be advsnccJ by e liboral commercial inter
coifrsa with ofcr co'intry. A candid nnd
confMefitiul'interchange of sentiments be
tween himimd (ho Government of the. U.
States, upon the affairs of Southern Ame
rica, took place at a period not longprece
ilingliM demise, nod contributed to li* the!
co?r? of policy which left to the other
^govjillimenta of Europe no nlternative but
?hit of sooner or l.iter recognizing the in
. dependence of our aoutham ?#i*Kt.>or4, of
which the example hod, by the V. Stoles,
already baeit j?ct. The ordinary diploma
tic communications between hit successor,
(lie J/np?rnr Nich.ilae, and the U. States,
ha?? suffernd seme interruption by the ill
nets, departure* end subsequent decease
of His minister residing here, who enjoyed,
ni It* merited, the entire confidence of his
now sovereign, as he had eminently res
ponded to tV.it of bis predecessor, Ilul
we have had tbe most fatisfictory assuran
. e?, that (jio sentiments of tho reigning
Emperor towards the U. States are alto
* gelnor conformable te those which hid so
long end constantly animated his imperial
brother; and w?? have reason to hope
that they will eerve to rcmcn: that harmo
ny and good understanding between the
two nations, which, founded in eongfcnial
Interests, cannot but result in the advance
ment of the wrlfnre ami prosperity ofbolh.
Our relations of cumnferce ami naviga
tion with France are, by tho oporiition of
the Convention of *4th June, 1824, with
that nation, in a state of gradual end pro
gressive improvement. Convinced, by nil
our experience, no less than by tho prin
ciples of fair and liberal reciprocity, which
the U. States hare constantly tendered to
all the nations of tbe earth, aa Ihe rule of
commercial intercourse which they would
universally prefer, thai for ami equal com
petition b e?"et conducive to Ihe interests
ofbfth parties, the (7. States, in the ficgo
elation ef that Convention, earnestly con
tended for n mutual renunciation of disori
minsting duties ami charges in (lie ports,of
the two countries. Unable to obt?n the
immediate recmmitiwi of thfe principle in
! ilf Wt reducing the duties ef
*Ucrnmu.itU??, So for ss was found attain
00 fHh?r
h, (bat the
terminate, those
Id*
nllnp. itself should
By the fffetjt of this
foui Ilk* of the discrimi*
ml been leviolf by
Hffl(9
eo the 1st of oost "October, ?hoofpSj
Convention he still ih force, ?he rem.iining
fourth will bo discontinued. French vf*.
Mb, laden with .French produce, will ho
received to dor ports on the hum term*
j? oorowoj and 00 rs, la retufO, will en*
joy the same mlv?in;?ge? in tflre ports of
Franc#. By. these appropriations to no
equality of duties nod of rhutves.not only
h'Vi the commerce between thetwocoun>
tiie* prospered, hut friendly dispositions
hsv o been, on both tide*, encouraged end
promoted. Ther will continue, to he
fjierishsd and cultivated on the part of the
' J I. It would have been gratifying
had it in my power to ndd, that
ns upon the justice of (tie French
ItffitrOment, involving tbeproporty and
the comfortable ?nh?i?tenr,e ol many of oor
fellow?citixens, and whicbhave been i
lohg ti ml no earn cully urged, were in
more promising train of ediuMment than
at yonr last mooting; but their condition
remain* unaltered.
With the government of the Netherlands,
the mutual abandonment of dltcrhnlnating
duties had been regulated by legislative acta
on both sides. The act x>f Congress of the
30th of April* I31fi, aim? Shed all discrimi
nating duties of impoat and tonnage, upon
the vessels and produce of the Netherlands
In the ports of the United Mtatas, upon the
assurance given by the government of the
Netherlands, that all nuc.li duties operating
continued in force several yearn, when the
diterimbiating principle waaresumed by the
Netherlands m a new and indirect form, by
a bounty of ten per cent, in the shape of a
return of duties to their national vessels, and
In which those of the United State! are not
permitted to participate. By the act of con
gress of the 7th January, JS24, all discrimi
nating duties In tbo U. States were again
so mended, so far aa related to the vessels
and produce of the Netherlands, so lung as
the reciprocal exemption should be extend
ed to the < ukI* and |)rwhice ut i|iv Untied
States i*?he Netherlands. Hut the same art
provides tUat' in th^fcvent of a restoratfBSet
discrimloating duties, to mjerate against the
shipping and commerce of the u. K. m any
of tlie foreign countries referred to therein,
the suspension of discriminating duties In
favor of the navigation of such foreign coun
try should ccase, and all the provislonsof ?rte
nets imposing discriminating foreign tonnage
and impost duties in the U, S. should revive
ami be in foil force with regard to that na
Ill the oorrcspondcncc with llio govern
mcnt of the Netherlands upOn tlih
they have contended that the favor shown
to their own shipping by thli bounty upon
their tonnage, to not tb be considered as n
discriminating duty. But it capuot be denl
?l that it produces all the tame effect* Had
the mutual abolition been stipulated by trea
ty, such a bouuty upon the national vessels
could scarcely have been granted ctMstotent
ly with good faith. Yet, as the act of Con
gress of 7th January 1824, has net expressly
authorized the executive authority to deter
mine wHat shall be considered aa a revival
of discriminating duties by a foreign gov
Kent to the disadvantage of the U. fC and as
ie retaliatory measure on our part, how
ever just and necessary, may tend rathe, to
that conflict of legUJutloii which we depre
eate, than to that concert to which we In
vito all commercial nations, as most condu
cive to their 'interest and our own, I hive
thought it more consistent with the spirit of
our institutions w refer the subject again to
the paramount authority of the legislsiureto
deckle what measure the emergency may
require, than abruptly, by proclamation, to
onrry Into effect the minatory provision of
the act of 1824.
During, the last session of Congres, trea
ties of amity, navimtion ami commerce
were negotiated and signed at this pinto
with the government of Denmark, In Eu
rope* ana with th^ federation of Central
America, in this hemisphere. These trea
ties then received the constitutional sanc
tion of the senate, by the advice and consort
to their ratification. They were according
ly ratified on the part of the *J. H. and, dur
ing the recess of Congress, have been also
ratified by the other respective contracting
parties. 1 heratiflcationOtavcbeenexchang
ed, ami they lave been published by proc
tarnation*, copies of wlticn are herewith com
municated to Congrc**. These treaties
have established between the contracting
parties the princlplea of equality and reci
procity in their broadest nnd most liberal ex
tents Kach party admitting the vessels of
the other into its ports, laden with cargoes
the produco or manufacture of any fpiarter
of the globe, upon the payment of the same
dutlesof tonnage ami Impost that are charge
able upon their own. They have further
?tlpulated, that the parties shall hereafter
grant no favor ot navigation or commerce to
any other nation, which shall not, upon the
same terms, be granted to each other; and
will impose upon articles
of the other, any l^lir^utW^than
Ing the produce or
tfitry, To these
ooorsntlou with
r J of the la*
our last commi
?M llmltuk Km
t >cnt, andl.
gotlatknof
?I be mi
I * mnmShti
sanction of Congress to I
r pwt, and which I U
to your consideration.
.tw s.feEs&.T&s;
whom and the United States relations ot
friendly intercourse have exked. their
omditionhn* net materially varied ftnee
the last sesalon of Congasu. I regret uot to;
he iM to ?iy the wie of our commercial
h<tercour*e with the Colonial Pmmilmn of
Gre?t Britain, In America. Ncgooiatlons of.
the hUMt impMtance to o?r common in-'
terestsLavebeenfcr severalyears Indktf
cumUSi between the two Governmental and
on tb* pert of the United States have been
invariably pursued in the spirit of candor
and tonclliutiofe. Itotcrcst* of great magni
tude and delicacy had been adjusted hy the
Cau4 ;ntlons of 1815 and 1818. while that ot
1823, mediated by the late Kmpersr Alex
thoUnlted States, In Kuticr tb-.the rights of
a numerous dans of their citizens, was
bound *o sustain. But with regard to the
commercial Intercourse between the United
Htatea and tha British Colonies In Americas
it has been hHherto found impracticable to
bring the parties to an understanding satis
ttitutcd the elements of a commercial biter*
course between the United States and Brit
ish America, insular and continental, impor
tant to the Inhabitants of both countries*?
But it had been interdicted by G. Britain*
upon a principle heretofore practised upon
by the VOlonUlncnations of Europe, of hol
Wing the.trade of their colonies, each in ex*
elusive mommol v to herself. After the ter
mination of the lute war, this interdiction
had been revived, and the British Govern
ment declined including this pction of our
Intercourse w ith herpossessinns hi the nego
tiation of the Convention of l!<15. The trade
was then carried on exclusively In British
vessels, till the act of con cress concerning
navigation of 1818, and the supplemental
act of lfc'30, met the interdict by a corres-!
ponding measure on the part of the United
Stales, These mc.iv.itv8, not of retaliation,
but of necessary self-defence, were soon
succeeded by au act of parliament, opening
certain colonial portttV tjie vessels of the U
atau.*, cuuttoii <mnyr|rom thotn, ana to
the importation from them of certain niti
dis of Mr produce/./burdened with heavy
duties, and excluding seme of the most valu
able artMes of our export*. The U, State*
opened their ports to British vessels from
the colonies, upou terms as exactly corres
ponding with those of tho act of parliament,
as, in the relative position of the parties,
could be made. And a oegociation ,was
commenced by mutual consent, with the
hope, on narpart,tluta reciprocal spirit of
accommodation and a common sentiment of
the importance of the trade tothe interests of
thf inhabitants of the two countries, be
tween whoin it must be carried on, would
ultimately bring the parties to a compro
mise, with wlucli both might be satisfied.?.
With this view, the Government of the U. ;
States had determined tosacriflce something
of that entire reciprocity which in all com
mercial arrangements Jwlth foreign powers
they are entitled to demand, and to acqni
csce in some inequalities disadvantageous to
purselves, rather than to forego the benellt
of a final and permanent adjustment of this
en or nccuientni ctrcumstanccs, was* ftowe
vcr, i>> nmi.nl agreement and express as.
?ent, considered as pending, and tone spee
dily resumed. In the mean time, another
act of Parliament, so doubtful and ambigu
ous In its Import as to have been misunder
stood by the officers in the colonies who
were to carry it Into execution, opens again
certain colonial ports, upon new conditions
and terms with a threat to clnao them a
gainst any nation which may not accept
those terms, as prescribed by the British
Government. Tnls act pasvd In luly 1895,
not rommuiiicatcd to tlie Government of
the United States, not understood by the
British Gfllcers of the Customs In the Colo
nics where it was to be enforced, was never
theless submitted to the consideration of
Congress, at their last session. With the
knowledge that a negotiation upon the sub
ject had long been in progress, and pledges
given of its resumption at an early day, it
was deemed expedient to await the result of
that negotiation, rather than to subscribe
implicitly to terms the Import of which was
not dear, and which the British authorities
themselves. In this hemisphere, were net
prepared to explain.
Immediately after the close of the last
session of congress, ?wte of our nmt dlstln
ptlthcd clUaettM w*? dcsputchtd a< povoy
extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary
to Great Britain, fitrniihcd with in?tru< tion*
which we could not doubt would lead to a
conclusion of this fonn controverted interest,
upon terms acceptable to (treat Britain?
Upon hit arrival, and before he had deliv
ered hit letter* of credence, he was met by
an order of the British Council, excluding,
from and after the Ant of December now
current, the vessels of the U. States from
all the colonial British ports, mu epting
those immediately borperfctg upon <mr ter
ritories In answer to hia exp/wtulutlons
ipon a measure thus fcneXpectad, he is in
BL that,
Ims of policy
sto* their
ft hare
whkh
that we wnclrev have eecuiM
colonies of more than *to of
tjrLiP* WPilSPfe*1* .?*
tain to negotiate, leaves to theL
& G^'TT, I
their part, according ao cither measure may 1
aiVct the interest* of our own country: |
and, with that exclusive object, I would
recommend the wlio|e subject to your calm
and candid deliberation*.. ?
It is honed that .our ttaavaiUmr exertions
to accomplish a cordial good- understanding
on this interest, will not have an uhpropltl
oos cflTcct upon the- other great topic* of
JiioimiM between the twoj
Our northeastern and dorth*
ries aro Mlil unadjusted. 'TftVlH
undt r the 7th article of the treat, __
have nearly come to.thu close of thiir j
bohl nor canwe renounce the cxpectnt'
enfeebled a? H is, that they may agree u
their report to the satfsfisction or acqul
cence of both parties. The omartlsslon L_
liquidating the claims far indenmitjr for
?laves carried away after the close of the
: war, has been sitting, with dottbtfol proa
j poets of success. Propositions of comprom
, be have, however, passed between the
; two governments, the result of which, we
. flatter ourselves, may yet prove MtMtctory.
. Our own dispositions and purposes towards
(?teat Britain rue all friendly and ufeicllia
tory; nor out we abandon, but whh strong
reluctance, the bel:ef that thw .m; ulti
mately, meet a return, not of favor*, which
we neither ask nor deairc, but of equal re
ciprocity and good will.
With the Amertcin governments of thle I
hemisphere we continue to maintain an in
tercourse altogether fMendly, and between
their nations and ours that commercial in*
terchange of which mntmml benefit Is the!
^'?"<?1 >??< mutual COlAfvrt mmI h?rnu>iiy I
the teauH, is .In n continual state of im-1
I pr^vement. The wet- between Spain and
tfiem, sh?ce the total expulsion of the Span
ish mUMkry fcrce front U?e|r continental ter
5s&k.'ss tests'
and tficlr internal tranquility, tnougn ucia*
Hionnlly menaced by the agitations which
civil wafti never fail to leave behind them,
bus not been affected by any lemm ea?
inmlty.
The congress of ministers from several of
those nations which assembled at Panama,
after a short session there, adjourned to
meet again, at a more favor ableseasoo, in
the neighborhood of Mexico. The deceafe
Of one of our ministers on his way to the
Isthmus, and the lmfie^hnenta ol the i
son, which delayed the departure of the
other,'deprived u* of the advantage of be
ing represented at the first meeting of the
congress. There is, however, no reason Id
believe that ait#,of the transactions of the
congress were of a nature to affect injuri
ously the Interests of the Ui States or to
require the Interposition of our
had they been present. Thctfnt,
indeed, deprived us of the opportunity
possessing presks and authentic Information
of the treaties which were concluded at Pa
nama and the whole result has cotififmftl
me UTtlte conviction of the .expediency to
the U. States of being repreeeuted at the
congroM. The surviving member of the
mftrion, appointed during your last session,
has accordingly proceeded to his destination,
and a successor to hb distinguished and la
mented associate will be nominated to the
senate. A treaty of amity, navigation, and
commerce, has, hi tho course of the lust
summer, been concluded by our minliter
plenipotentiary at Mexico, with the 17,
States of that confederacy, which will also
be laid liefore the senate, for their advice
witn regard to its ratification. |
In adverting to the preaent condition of
our Usual concerns, and to the prospects of
our revenue, the first remark that calls oar
attcptlon is, that they are less exuberantly
mcturing ? JBL
Britain, has not been without a perceptible I
recoil upon ourselves. A reduced imports-1
| tloo from abroad ianecesearili*.snrcccded by*
it rcuuccu return to tne Treasury at home
The ntt revenue of the present year will
not equal thut of the hurt. And the receipts
nf that which h to come will fall short of
those In the current year. The diminution,
however, Is In part attributable, to the flou
rishing condition of some of our domestic
manufactures, and so Air is compensated by
an equivalent more profitable to the nation.
It la also highly gratifying to perceive, thst
the deficiency in the revenue,while it soarce
ly cxcccdt the anticipations of the last year's
estimates from tne Treasury, has not inter
rupted the application of mor4 than eleven
muttons during the present year, to the dis
charge of the principal and ietercstof the
debt, nor the reduction of upwards of seven
ftUltons of the capital debtU?clf. The ba
in the TreaMirv on the first ot Jwnua
IsKsx.
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