Columbia telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1819-1821, September 19, 1826, Image 2
Ifartttf now established, I may venture to
say beyond Ae possibility of reasonable con
troversy, that wo Idea of an Inherent right
in the Vice Preaklent, independent of, and
beyond, the will of the-senate, to control
the freedom of debate, U neither sanctioned
by the constitution, nor justified by the rela
tion between the body and iu presiding offi
cer, and that it is subversive of the right of
tree discussion, and consequently dangerous
toliberty, 1 might here fairly restthe question.
To you, at least, who treat with scorn the
mfca and usage of the sennte as the source
wf the power of thu< Vice President, all fur
? her inquiry is fairly dosed. But, as mnny,
who may agree with you in the conclusion,
may treat with oentempt yonr high strained 1
convention of the origin of the power under
investigation, it will not be Improper to ?s
. certain Whether it has been conferred on the
Vice President by any act of the senate, ex-*,
press or implied, the only sourvc whence
the power can be faMy derived. In this
> view of the subject, the simple inquiry 1%
has tho senate conferred the power.' }t-ha?
been fully established,.that they alone pos
t.css it, and, consequently, from the senate
only can It be derived. We then affirm,
'' that the scnalfc ha* not conferred the power.
The assertion of the negative in such cases,
i? scgEfoient to tluww 'the burthen of proof
on those who hold the affirmative. I call on
yen, then, or any of your associates, to
point out tlte rale, or usag* of thn-scnatr,
Uv wblcli the power has been conferred.?
None such has or Qanbe designated, if a
similar question occurred as to the power of
the speaker of tho house of rej>iv??iitativr?,
how easy would be the reply. The Wth
rue, wntcn expressly gives the |?owcr to
l?trr?, would be infmedmtely quoted t and if
1 hat were supposed to be dotdrtful, the jour
nal* of ihe nouse AvouUl be held upoacon
taiiiiuK Innumerable instances ? of the actual
exercise or the power. No such answercan
1m? given, when we tarn to the power of the
Vice PrckM-'nt. Tha rules are mute, nud
tjio JiHirnals of tl?c seiuU* ailcut. Wliat
means this striking difference, Intt thfct, an
;1h* point, there i* a diflfetencc in Uct be
iveen the t>o#or of^he speaker, and of the
1 cc Pts!Aidcnt.>-?A difference which hi*
cn always understood and actffv". on, awl
!?en to this wc add, that the v^Jes of the
ise# In regard to the |?ower are stTik
flTeront; thnt, wh'de those of the re
ativea expressly dt legate tV- powar'
ap?*ker, .?f lite senate, bv
w"> iinpiiotvtiu >, withhold ?t ttoni the
\ tic Vi CKJirinVl.t' ?: .mom can l?c left for
'"..iit' Compflj, i:i this vi?w, the n?h
? ^uf the Uauvc, an;! t'ie 7l?v.of the senate.
"!~he farmer MK)K, "If any m?*mber, by
dpe-tlting, nr otherw is", t'ac rules
of the ho'ive, tbc speaker nhr.H, or any
liietu'ier may, call to order; in which eaiie
tfi?* member so called to order, I'll til inme
tt v \it dawn. Hides* pe.ripittcii to explain;
:a. l rhe house shall, if appealed to, tfecidt"
<>:i the case Vlthoii'. d--,>atr; if there !>?; no
V;>pi'al, the decision <4' the t'tair rlrdl t>e 1
;-u'uiy.*ied to. If the decision !?o ih fa .or of
v!ic mcjnber called u? order, he shall Ijc at
itherey to proceed; if other* i-.c, he wil;
iMfrhp permitted trt proceed without leave <>f
ilie hifwr; and if the cas? roqunu it, lie
WlWlhe Uab!^ tithecunsure of tho h nisc."
T-iTMejtilc of the sc.Tity, on t'.ie contrary pr>
v'ultii: "If thv member khall be called 10 t.i ?
jrfer f-r wo.jg tp'Sken, the cxcpj.".io:.vj'.c
v r 1% shall itntn .d;*tely be UH:-.. dawn in
\k t'.i<t, (!) it me President may be f-cttcr en
*'>1 *J t?> ?"?f the mi *lter. These are
i'ie.-.orresp mdin;rnlewifth?twoMid
? u 1 rjvimpartial mind contend, that similnv
po^ intended toho conferred hv thrin
? ?n <6E?Puker a?d Vice President.-* ? )r wdi
*1 he*Wwn*ted on that 'he ? difference la the
phraseology Is amdcntal, whni it i* known
?hat the-, have ?ifteu In-en revised on rhe re
ports t>{ cpuimlttor*, who wontd not /ill to
-?ompire tlibliuenAf the twohr.ute* oa cor
r?spondW^f%ifi|ett>? I'mler nnch r.'.rcuia
btuwee*, It is impostibh: that it c uld be in
tended to eour<T the wmo |?t?trfr by M>:h
difTtrcm t of phrasol^y; or that the wlrh
h"#?lifc< of tlie power U qnc?iion frOTtt Ih'*
V:cc PrcsKlcnt nns mintcntionnl. Tb'.s rn
tioaal f>,Miitvuetion"is greatly btreng?liened,
wV-n we advert t?? tfir dinerrnt relations
wnirli the twofllceri b?*t?r to their respective
The Hpcaker i? chwen by the
hou?o of reprratntatives, und is (.onaeqtieijt
lvdirrcvly rokpantiliic to the ly-tly, and his
dwntcn, by the r?d<*?H may !??? appealed
fr>n ivvyhe h"nwr. The Vic* l*? es!nent, on
the cWtVdry, is plin.ed in the. r.hair by the"
coustitrtnon, is not renp'jnstble to the senate,
HBn.l his decision ?* without appeal. Need
?-%#.i'">k fm-thefr for the row.on ?if >oe<s?v<
tla1 n variation in ffte rules CMiitfening txiwer
r u their : especllve presiding oflScevs.' It i? a
rrm^Mtriblc fuct, ln(i% the same differ-enee
rxisti in relation lietween the presiding offi
e.ets*f the two hotiscr. of the llritUU parlia
ment, ani'the h -dies ov^ which they i*s
pfe.tlvely preside. In the commons, the
speaker is cluisen 1? in our house of repre
periat'.vos and ?*? ctm?eqa?ntly, in like
Kifnner.rc ^iosWblej on the contrary, in the
h -use of lords tlie ehancellor presides ex
officio, in like mnni'tra* the Vk;<; Pre*i4vnt
i#?b'* xe^ate, ^nd is, li\ like manner, Irres
jvnwiu|/i to the body. Now R rs no lest re
mrtrknble, that the suenlcer poncmea the.
powe> in que?*ion, whde it is pciTectly cer
tain. that the lord chancellor docs ir?t
I,:k? cauae, like effeeti dissimilar cause,
*difcsirrtilar efTec.t. Y011, air, have, it latnie,
?ruid^a pmiv effort to draw a distinction bc
twecoUiemode in which the Vice President
Ci the lord Chancellor arc appointed j and
ve alao. faddy denied that tlie latter has
?nrtf the trnW%r of calling to order. Both of
theae effort# show the deaperatkm of your
cause. What does it signify by whom an
ex officio is appointed, if not bv the Imdy *
There con be but one materisf point, and
that without reference to the mode tjf ?p
pointment; is he, or Is he not, responsible
to the house? If the former, there it frood
cause for the delegation of rhe power; for
poorer exercised or responsible agents is
cerclsed by the pnnci)>alt
substantially ex?
while by irresponsible agents it is the power
of him by,whom it ia exercised. Nor ie
your effort to show that the chancellor has
WW known,'Tim the rtthul jtucakmet and
% yt?t most abWir^ly cHe
tendon of thelord* to the option aft ,h?w.
u an btttanco of tnreiill? the power of
calling to order, as presiding officer, for de
parture fi-otn the question I Though you have
signally foiled to prove your position, von
have not less completely established the fact,
that your Integrity is not above a resort to
trick, where argument fail*. Nor Is this
the only kln?tanceof subterfuge. You made
a similar etfort to do away the authority of
the'vencrabie Jefferson. lie has lea on re
cord that lie considered his power as pfesi
ding officer of the senate, us the /tower of
umpirage, or what it the sumo tiling, an
appellate power. In order to break the
fcm:c of this authority, >j ou have denied the
plain and invariable meaning of the woro? i
and attempted to affix one to ilt vhlch it ne
ver bears. You sav, that Its'ovial mcaolne
la synonymous with "ofllee," "authority^
or "the act of determining," and Ihat it is
only in its technical s4;se, that it conveys
the idea of an appellate power! Can it be
unknown to you, that no word in the lan
guage mofc Invariably has attached to it the
idea of decision by uppeal, ami that there is
not an instance of its being used by anv res
pectable authority in the sense whkm you
state to belts usual meaning? It only remains
to consider the cases that you have cited
from the Manual, to prorc that the sneaker
of the hnuve of common* possesses tliv pow
er In question; by which you would Infer
that It lieionga.^ilso to the Vice President.?
.V very strange deduction S?- one who be
lieves that the ]>mvcr originates in the con
stitution, and tiiut it neither can be given
or t tken away by the anthoritv of the senate
itself. After asserting tlmt It has "deeper
and holier foundation* tlian the rules ami
usages of the senate," there is something
marc than ridiculous, that you at last scok
for the power in the ndes and usages cf the
house of commons! Rut let *u<fe inconsisten
cy pass. Yoti ha>-c indeed established the
tnrt, that the speaker has the power, jyut
you have overlooked the material circum
stance, us I hive shown from your own
ea*e*, that lie possesses it by fmtiUve ru/ra of
the /tome. You aright .as well have shown,
dint the speaker of the bouse of represents*
tivqs possess-!* it, and then Inferred that the
Vice Vtcsldcnt'doe* also: for lie. too, holds
the power by positive rules cii the body,
which makes the analogy as :.iityig in the t
one case as the other.
Hut you would have it understood, that the !
prnlea of parliament have been adorned by
the v>:?nte. No such tiling. I clrdlenge
yon t?? cite a single ride or act *?f the senate
th:rt gives e juntcnanee to it. Finally, yon
"tell u?i, t'.iat Mr. Jefferson has cited these
ride t as being paptcf the* rales and usage* of
the senate. Admitting for a moment that
Mr. JelTerson liad cited them as such, still,
a very important question wouldairisf, how
earn 2 the) to bo the rules of the senate.* The
coi'ktitution provides. that tne senate shall
determine the rules <<Kjts proceedings; now,
if th ?t hfcly has ?.-.t by any nde adopted the
ral :s of the Uiitv.li parliament, by what
prorewof rx.wm could they be construed to
t>o the rule* of the smttr* Phut tUo
has not adopted the ndes of parliament is
ccrtiiii} nntl 1 confess Ilm not a l|ttlu curl
<mm to tee the process of rcwminKhy mihfi t*
they arc niiutethe rules of the senate, uu/A
o'ut udufitfan. Is theie not a striking a:ia1o
?jy DfTwccu till* DiKl the question, whether j
the >r."imrtn l.t\v I* a pjtrt of the laws bf the!
t Jniou? \Vc know that they have Uron deci
ded by the highest judicial authority not to
be; and, it *ceros to mo, the arguments,
svhich wouldbc apirilcablcto tbc one, would
\tt equally to to tlie oth'fcr Question. That
the rules and im&cs of parliament m:ty be
r&lerredT to, to illustrate the ruly* of cither
Ikmv: of cm^rcM) is nulte a distinct propq
s<ti->n, and m-.iy be roatlily admitted. Ar?;u
inciitHmay Indrawn t'mm any-source calcu
lated to ilrxstratc, but that it wholly d fler-*
etitfmn (iv!hf to the ntltiof another body
n binding force on the senate, without ever
hiving been recognised a* H? rules. Thia h>
u su'Jevt of deep and grate importance;
but, fi< it 1* not nwcfwrj' to my purpose, I
dcellnc entering on ?t. It is sufficient, at pre
sent, todeny th :tMr. Jefferson has citcu the
tuletof th* parliament referrctl.to.by you as
tlui>,e of the ftcimftc. <>n the rontn?ry, they
are expressly cited as the rules of the British
house of common*, without stating them to
be obligatory <*i the aenntc. He mm notorK
f:*?*ly eiird many of tha rtilcs -ol that body,
wlrtch arc wh?nv dW*lmUarfrom the usages
of the senate, nut you cite Mr. Jefferson's
opinion, in which he *ky*, *TJie senate have
in covdingly fmiwtil some t nleflW its govern
ment," (tney have been much enlarged
incc) "but these eoiugoo'y to?ft*f:i^,
they have referred to the decision of the
President without debate or appeal alt ques
tions of order arising under their own rules,
or where there Is none. This pta?cs under
tlie dixt retionof the President a very exten
sive field of detlaion." If ynor gbjcVt In
quoting the above passage was to show that,
where the smote has adopted no rule of lie
own, tlte rides of parliament are those of the
senate, it completely foils. Not the slif^it
est emmtenam* la given to mck an Idea.?
Mr. Jefferson, on tlie contrary says, that hi
e*se* of riiul*eion, the souua discretion of
the President la the rule;* and sueh has
been the practice} and from which It huo fol
lowed, lust usages of the senate are very
different from the parliament, which could
not be, if the fatter were adopted, where
there were no positive rules by the senate.
If this view of the subject be correct,
which Is certainly M**. Jefferson's, the yiee
President had the right to make the rule of
exercising a sound discretion and the only
question that c4uhl arise in thle view la,
whether he has acted on correct principle*
in referring the power to the house, instead
of exercising H by the chair. Do long as
dmlbtful and irresponsible power ought not to
be assumed; so long as the togdnfti of delate
is essential to liberty; and so long na it I* an
axiom in politic^ that no power can he safe
but what It In the Anal control and custody of
the body over which H le exercised, so long
the nde(tovfrw It hi that" " *
the Vice Pi '
that light) adopted by
will be eoosidered in
conformity to sound, general, political prln
siplea. But, suppose It to be eonoelved that
the rulea of pnnUment are thoee of the
?enate, when not overrulledby HseWFposI
hp Acta, Mill two questions would remain:
Im, whether thelTth rule of the etnate, by
i sound construction, .Iocs not restrain the
Vloc President ftuin exercising ^he power,
TJ'SS'S 0"h*
ought, ifrtMp pertfceUr, to prtf
of those points have already been I
ly considered, tod a single remark will *?#
suffice. Whether we regard the nature of
the poorer, or the principle* of oar syetem
of governmeet, there canr be no doubt that
the decision aught to be against the practice
of the houss of commons* nnd in favor of
that of the touse of lords. It way not be
improper to notice an opinion, which, if I
mistake not, has, in no small degree, coni
tributed to the error which exist* as to tho
decision of the Vice President. There are
many who are far from agreeing, with your
nhsurd utul dangerous position*. as to the h\?
Itetvnt (Knyen of the Vice President over i
the freedom <of debate, but who have, I
think,,* Vague concoption Unit he has the]
righ( (^dispute, as presiding officer, but a<|
right selptnunate to, and dependent on, the j
senate. They concedo to the senate the i
right'of tetertnining their roles, and that;
tills right comprehends that of determining ;
what isor wliat \? not disprderiy conduct,;
aim! ho* the uine shall be noticed, or in- j
hifiitedf-bnt they have an idea that the ex i
officio cjatv of the Vive President ro regul itc ?
the prqjeeMigs of tlvc senate according to j
theirovu votes, extends to eases of the free* |
dora d deiiutc, The amount of the argu- ?
mt it* ks for n* I etui understand it, is that,
wliehitfa&rc is a rule of the?euate, that the J
Vice President liar, ex Officio, tho power of
roguUtitig the proceedings of the senate by
it, wftliout any exprcs j authority in .the
rule p that effect. All this may be fairly
com died, but If dee'drs nothing. It hrflif;*
bank the question to tlie ir.*j*iit*>>? In there,
or is tl'orc uot, such a rule.' which has been
fully onsidcrcd, and, I trust, sAtisf.itftorily
determined in She negative. I will not I
again repeat the arguments on this point. 1
do not deem it necr.ssary. It Is sufficient to
iTinark, if there be a rule, let It lie shown,
and the question ioat end. There is none.
/\s connected with thispart of the sltbjcct,
I do not.tiling it necessary t "> meet the ridi
culous charge of inconstetcncy which you
inake against the Vire President in the ex
crcisu ot hl> power, und winch you endea
vor to support by rcfcr.'nce t ? the* stale and
false accounts ot Ins conduct in tlie ease of
Mr. Dickernnn. It issuffirjwit ilist Mr.
has repelled the cliirt^?ot injustice, and
you rxnlbit but >i sorry told factions appenr
Tiney in tbifcmKnt? a senator fruin opjnvsmon,
who is no^ conut.his of an\ injtn.tice bavin*
been indicted, ll.ui;i,; .(euioiistrat** I that
the power.'! which you claim for the Vice ,
President do not hdi-UK to him a* pre*lding
officer of the vn jtc, aud, tlru they, are n??t
conferred^ hint by rhe rules or utage of
I the senate, or those of petfiament, 1 may
wifely affirm that it docs not e:??t, und that,
so far from censure, Mr. Celhoun deserves
praise for decliuing to Cxeicis* it. lie tins
nct<M in th? spirit that ought trt actuate every
virtuous public Amctqpry: not to assume
doubtful powers~-a%pirit, u:uler otar systems j
of dulegatedftuthprity, esjcntlaFtothepreccr* J
vat ion* of liberty, and for beijtg glided by
which, he sviH ryw?v? **?? thnm?r. ut iKaciwif
try. when t!)c exciteinunt of thc.day lias
I passed nwrvy'. ?
I Jh?vO llow whm ?n?k be eOn
r.idercd the Investigation of tin- subject; but
Ihcronrr wtHl ?nv'Av.l'K/ . ? i... .1.
r
llllMlhl IIIRl
require notic^. Ynu have no: teily: attacked
the derision of Mr. Calhoun, hut you have j
impitmd |?i* mfitlvc* with iiccati<vi? scveri- i
ty. The corrvpt are the most disposed to
attribute corruption, and your unprovoked !
nndtrijmtiffohle attack ou Mr. C's nidtivc*
apeak uilir^tc in fuvm- of yem-heart as^W
arguments da of your he.id.. Fortunately for
the Vice President, his geperal character
for virtue,and patriotism shield hint from the
imputation of' Mich -grots ubu?c of power,
from Mich impure motives, 4* you attribute |
tv? hit# lie cSuld not deride differently
frmu what lieiM, without being at war with
the principles whitU -have ever gnvemud
hhn. it is well known to nil acquainted will? I
him, publ'idy or privately, that the mtvlm
wlHeh He liohl* m the highest veneration,
and which lie rrganto as the foundation of
our whole system of goverumtmt, li>, that
power uhould be controlled by the body over !
whi^h'it is Cxerciscd, and that, without stu b ?
-responsibility, all power would '
speedily become enrrm Whether he la {
?wrong in ghflngtoo klfjh an cUimate to this |
favorite ma\im, la ministerial. It it. ami;
long has been, hi*; ami could not fail in j
having great influence hi the decision, which
yon have to seriously assaulted. Hud his
principles-been like yours, as illustrated In)
your c\vsr, H is p-?e?blc he nveht have ta
ken a different view of the subjec# but, as
hejian decided hi conformity to principles
Inn* fixed ill his mind, there la something
msllnna'tt in the extreme, to attribute his
decision to motives of personal enmity. You
not only attack Mr. C\ motives for this de
cision. but also His motive for the constitu- .
tion of theosttmittee of foreign relations.?
You think it aecimo ill him, that the venera- I
hie and paMotlc Macon should be placed at I
the hr.-ut of the committee. ' I wiA neither
defend him nor the nsher m ?nher* of the {
committee, they need no defence; but 11
cannot I >ut reran Hi, tliaf the election of Mr. i
Macon President pro tctn, qf the senate, is :
a dngular eomnpewt on your nutfignsint at
tack on the Vke<Pre*Ment. It would have
been impossible that you shonld steer clear
of the cant of v one party, and we according
ly have a profusion of Vague charges about
Mr. Calhoun^ ambition. The lowest and
? ambition. Tlie lowest and
most mercenary hireling can easily cotn such
charges; and while they deal in the general,
without a single specification, it is intireiy
impossible to meet or refute them; but, for
tunately, they gn fhr nothing with the wise
and virtuous, saving only that, on the part
of those who make them, they t vino# anti
viral*, morbid mind, which, having ao real
ground of attack, indulges in vague unmean
ing abuse. It Is highly nonorabie to Mr. C.
that* in the Midst of so muefc political enmi
ty, his perennal and piddle character stands
free from all but one "peciflc charge; which
Is, Utat he has inclinsri, In his pre-ient sta
tion, /MLmurA agatnoi kk otvn fiowr, and
f&jmtfA th favor of tha taeoHmable right of
In* freedom of debate. That he has been
Indefatigable fa the dlsckamm of his duty)
that he nas been oourteo#i M&e members,
and prompt and intelligent, all acknowledge.
Not ? moment was he n'nent from his iK?st
during a long and1 ItttotfUna aeesion, and of*
\m umalntd In the cjpf without leaving
ari wr
it: from a to 19 noun. IU hu, however,
committed one unpardonable tin, which
UtaoittdL' He dMlnotatapMr.lUndolph.
T?S to the head end front of hto offending.
And who to Mr. Randolph > Is he, or hie
manner*, a stranger In our national councils?
Apr more than a quarter of a century ho ha*
boon a member of .congress, and, during
the time, hie character hue remained
unchanged- Highly talented, eloquent, se
vere, ami eccentric; always wandering from
'the question* but often uttering wisdom wor
thy of a Uacon, and wit.that would not die
credit a Sheridan, every ntoakerj^d freely
indulge1.- him in b|? peculiar manner, and
that without responsibility or censure; and
none more freely than the present Secretary
of States while he*})resided in the hduse of
representative*. He is elected, with the
knowledge of all this* by the ancient nnd
reimwni'tl commonwealth of Virginia, and
takes hi* neat in the senate. An immediate
outcry i* made against the Vice President
far permitting him, who Jnd befcn so long
|>crniitted, by so many speakers, in hi*
usual freedom of discussion; though in no
ve*)>ects were Ills attackson the Administra
tion freer than what they kaU been on those
l of Mr. Jeflftsoii) Mr. Madison, nnd Mr.
Monroe. Who can doubt, if Mr. Calhoun
I had yielded to this clamor, thai the whole
[current would have turned, and that he
1 would then have been more severely de
i nounccd for what would have been called his
' tyranny and usurpation, than he ha* been
' for refining to interfere with the freedom of
i debate? ilu authority would have been dr
! nl.'d, and properly duiieds the fact, that
! Mr. II. had been permitted by allother prr
i aiding uiiicrrs, for so long a time, to sp*\k
i without restraint, wonld have been dwelt
Jon; and the injustice done to tho senatoi,
nnd the instdt i>ifrred to the State that sent
? him, would luivo been painted in the most
? lively colors. Th jsr considerations.* we arc
N.itisfied, h:ul no weight with the Vlrc Pre
sident. Those who know him, know that
no man is mere regardltfts of consequence*
in the discharge of ids duty; but that the at
tack on htm u |>ers<Nihl, in order to shake
his politic;.! -landing, ami prostrate Im char
acter. is clearly evinced l>y every ch'cum
i.lance: and, with this object, that he would
have been awiuited, act 41H lie might, is
m >st certain. Jt isfoi the American peaplr
to determine, whether thiseoiispimc) against
n public servant, whose only fault i*, that
lie h iij ciiwjon the tido of lil>ert>', rather
lliatl of power, and* whose highest crime
coua^ti in a reverential regard f??r the frue
dout oi debate, shall micci ed.
ONSLOW..
? T' it oi'inloti ,,f Mr. J<%.
fuuttth.-d 011 1 In* Ul|i*p |>Ait <if ilio>?ih ruin, allien
?ir.?n?ly tiippucU it. H10 ru!<* ?? >t%
" Wtirn * uicmhrr liu i.nlltit |n orJ<i,lu:
?linll ?it ilfivn until (???> I'n-Mih i<l sljtll itave ?l?
tsrmirMil whether lie is hi i?rJ-?r ur lint, nod
iv <|iir?ti??n of order dull hu d-i hl? <i t?y il.t. I'r.
luteal, witliOMl <lt'>*!?; hot M thcic In- a il>?d?t
in hi* inind. be ui?y call lot the seu?c ol' the
kenSls.'*
.."J !
* fiKNK.KAL JA?KHUN,
('.IIICULAH.
Feltovt Citizen?Tlic cause of our coun
try seems *ut this junaurc, no closely bUn
h?!u with the political elevation of ljencr.il
.Indre'w Jar/. jon, that* watchful and \ 'pa
rous effort* to promote the IiUter, tnubt re
ceive the hmI iuu! approbation of all sincOrt- Jy
attached to the former. *
. Our government Is b ?<?ed?4l|>on the pco*
pic's If thin foundation be removed#
w if us in l*airop<\ it be disregarded, the
structure of our civil liberties inust f.di, or
be ultimately wcithlV'Wn/ Unless wo nre
willi.ig to change ourstatc-.n; to sink into
the condition whence wf'are 'wit jiut cninn-. i
putctl; nnd to entail noon our descendants all
the degruditjon nncl wretchedness from
i which cur ancestors, at the hncard of hffc
' and fortune, veicued thvmtilvn n>td ut: we
jilvou-.il vigilantly and tcavicshly cufnrcc our
i if(lit? against tire eaci'oacliuients of power
and the subtle, arts of anthill*"'*
Until the period mad* meino?vJ?le Uv the
Hectlon of the present President of the
United Hutes, the principles of the revolu
tion of '7ff, specially hi rcfereocu to the
duty of public Agents and the sovereignty of
the people'* will, had been sacredly pnvtai
ed and moot happily exemplified. On that
occHiion, however, they were openly violat
ed tnud their violation accompanied by in
dications of corrnrrtlon truly appropriate to
the event, and well calculated to alarm our
patriot ism. Although the election was by
the provisions of the constitution* rightfully
within tl?? power of the house of represetv
tathre*. who could expect that the people
would be spurned by their delcgatMf who
could expect that ?he public aervunt would
uabtushingly deny his nmnttr? who aut'.ci
pated that the rr/irfteiUative?known, ex
isting in no other character??hoahl defy,
rrpttl, and insult his con?tHurnU? and who in
the land of Washington andJefferson? while
the first wasyet fresh In Immortality, and
'find
in
rw*- - ?-irt-i- IpOU
him who betrayed add mocked the people?
It will be remembered that in the house]
of representatives, the presidential election f
is conducted by state*?that General Ja^k-1
son, though far ahead of his competitors on
the returns of the electoral ballots, there J
received hut eight votes: that the i-cprescn
tatives of Keutucl./gavu tluii1 state vdteto
Mr. Attorns, in fav/#r of wh?m net a single
man of their constituents had, by suffrage,'
detjared himself: that the it,*., r sentitfve of
Illinois, unmindful of n puhlfo pledge, scu d
In the some manner: that the reprenrntativc
front Mlsopuri followed In this wake, even
after the repeated and protracted struggle*
t4 a ismsrlous sen^e of duty: ?nd that l>ui
shusa, whose sort had been redeemed, and
whose matrons had Ik en shielded by the
trsnscundant heroism of JAtkson fWiirs tin
I* pursuit of 'drmuty ant! ivoty,'
mm fcy two of her representatives, ?urn
l>t*omcr, and against the will
of Mr cliisons, pierced him with the f?ng
of unparalleled ingratitude. Nor can we
??!*?? *bat the master spirit, Iry the power
of Whoso influence, mysteriously exerted,
tffcto so opposite to retHihliCinltnt,
weru produced, was himself iW .ily re
i of terttar/ of State,
i atnbitioo.
_ I www us lube wary In time;
SwmRssakrsre:
over the people* to hie very first wwwge to
roogrtu, in sin us tee that our representatives
should not he "ftmhkd 6y the toi/l of I heir
coiutituentei" to other, words, that they
should disregard that will, however clearly
asccrtained, when inconsistent whh their
own personal views or opinions. Such to the
(table tendency, as H constituted the
groundwork of the principles upon which
his election was accomplished.
lit the fkll of this year, we shall be called
upon to select mtmhere of congrtoet and
they whom we select, will continue to act a?
such, until after the choice of- another Chief
Magistrate. It to withtn the rftngfe of possi
ble contingencies, that thev may elec t the
President for the edMUng four years. Is to
not, then, our duty, to exert more than
common circemspeetivn? Does not the
cent expevtatcc to'which we have adv<
strongly urge us tocmtfldc thto trust to
only by whom our will cannot be disobey
or misrepresented? AlthoogR K be true, U
the existing aspect of public opinion promise*
uneasy anudeviiivc triumph to thu ficv/ilc'e
candidate, ran we oppose Vx? much pr
tion to the management and patronage
tripling politician*? Ought wc net, at
to (riake ?urc of the distant future, by
lutcly rcstric^ng our suffrages, for congres
sional stations,, to those who are avowedly
and iipniy attached to the principles for
whlclft.wc contend? . ,.y
The town-mccting of republicans in Jh<:
city and county of Philadelphia, whence
tiui committee of superintendence and vlgi
laoce emanated, deemed thc'jfubject to which
yfcur attention to now drawn, worthy of dis
tinct and strung remark, *it was a leading
object in their early movemcnti and they
hoped, by encrfcctlo measures to give a suc
cessful circulation to their senso of its im
porUncc. OuyCL-llow-cUirens, considering
the Pi'V.dqftttol election* to lie remote, do
not reflect that its fate may depend upoft
w hat they are at this piomcnt doing. Their
tluxtcfMM adversaries, with honey on thchf
lii.--, hut poison at their'hearts, would lull
.them into apathy?-preaching the beauty of
tranquility, and the folly of premature con*
?test: whiie, in secret, they labor every
uervc to nfth'.- the next coriRi-cssof material-;
hostile to Jackson, and uibicrvitut to Adam'.
We-Uo not think. tt necetitfy to iinpei you
to clnclgijoy U?4 ??*'. by dwelling; upon the
fucunar cj.iiius which the Hero ot New Ocr
ieauMhas to tfuMiutlring devotion of his fcl
low-? it://-ns. Hi* eminent virtues, im in
M'iiigincc, Iks vi.ior, mid his purr, republi
cunn.rn, h kvr been known, witne;jnd atul
fell It/ ..II of us. In war mid in peactf?in
the senses of retirement, or when surround
ed by laqf^nn .did tenipt:uion?at the pluu^li.
or it) th<*w:natc?he lias, everywhere, urn
form I y proved that lie deserves to ne the
Ch:>?cn cliunjpioii for thr cause of ins coun
"y. Ih tliincspeet, lie iZ alone in 'Ameri
ca. Providence furnishes for the safety
an:l pi '. ?' M any nation, Inst one sot h mm
.? a nine, j.ci travail onrfCivt % of the 15.fl,
and i^iiuUtc the prutoplcs W V?V*nn?gtoa
under tlw aiiKpiics of liU-kson.
An x !?:??. Ut'tn made our duty, *u undoubt
edly wi.l it In* our pleasure, tudn.'t: <.usly
to .idvnuctftitc cuuife top which the "people of
mc.t'oVted iKufcs and rh'.ir fti.'.tr.ie ?
liiM* em!)trt>ed t?igctl\cn Wo .. <11 receive
thankfully, andemploy ?ipprop>* , .t*U, th
?til Uu* means in cur p-.woi-, and \ j t'>. uctt
of whatever information ua.ag
"toyouv dikimt y.n? may be g >od er.ouyli.to
canvey to us, an worthy* of general d^scmi
nation. Let u% however, not forget, tH|t
wl?ile steadily bent upon securing the elec
tion of our candidate ut the dose of the pw -
scut presidential term, we mutt, in tl?c
mean time, avoid the acts, as we disclaim
the tiilr, of faction?r.? t suffering our just
indignation again'?t thr<?e who have l?y arti
fice n%urj?cd thy right* of the pccpUr, to
nr.alcud uu into an undiv.-riminuting oppoAi -
tion to public measure*, or a vindictive t)K* .
tcrnnu agdntt person*. Let us uphoHl
what is Ijcnfficnif, .vith the name renolutn
'spirit that wn condemn what is injurious, t?y
our beloved^ountry: adopting the frank dfgV
duration of an energetic sUteMnui, '* \Vh ^
will judge of the measures of the .ulminfa- ,
tratiwt tjy their own intrinsic merits: I>ufc
will not judge of the nditllniftiration by their
njra'atres On/i>, Then thry romrfo ttitie the
uctount <>f their ?tervarthhi/i, ami auk fbr a
reneivu/ nf their tru?twe will, then, ad
vert to the vlcettf their origin* "to the |rea?-W>
cry and corruption which characterised
their political birth.
, ? \Ye arc, fellow-cilixen,
respcctfuliy your friend*,
(Signed in behalf the C.oinmlr.ec,)
C.HAN1>LKK PJIICB? Chairman.
Jacob Hoi.gatk, > ? . .
llr.NAv Horn, J *"etarte..
Colotxtliu ?15) . A- rtt till* port It alt *
Iron days front I.* JUS'?yn?, nrUieo it> tun |:Hr*
n'.t liam l>*en rrr^rd A 1?-tt*?r to tf??? editor of
tiio O'Wtle, dnftil on tfi? Itttli, ?ay< ?" Sinc e |
la>t unite yon |>nr Albnittin, noit.mg H# ? An*
transpired in ltd* |?fnc?>. Thn t-utoifftitan s?dio<.i> ?
er tmleprnt^nrta, nrrlv*d' lierf iliii innrtdn* in?
?.*o >lny? irmi Porto t'al* Ho, willi lit* new* o<*
and '/'artliagrn-* ' nvhtg openly nretnr-* .
?> lin fnvor otHie n? .1 fn^
'tj Patr, it b.lhnrwf ??<? ' <??! i.y hmhv, 1l1.1t ?
ilji* Bofr?-rHirt?iu U c ? ? .? it n?.v #*?. ilia ne?A '
enitiy if n?lt>j?tiiii< u*? '..e Buiiii*-*, ?s<
c-jitiM ?inflv #>. ' >.t ' ,? .vwiu.is, >? ??. *
tnuwly 4?itl,Nnd ^i<mh y .( V <? '
w-. x'<?' V+rk Kf/ulrte. 2 - ^
frttirrrtifon i* I'erlo It* *.? I' >c H<>?(on IV
?t l??(ini? {rum CH<?t Nf????n. rtrt?o ?rrlv#ii n* (fi
? <m 1 ? 11.?, Hi. t ?w, oil Wcdnttdny, Inm I'aniw,
I*. H rii!?t on tiir tJ t July in liiinnrieil
lioirnm <?fjt tli<? Bla?k? nenr IliM |?Uon to Je-.tmy
tti? Wliiii) inhAMtPiitt h?d h??# dUeor<>rrd, Attil
tll? |l''i|nj*tl l?i'r? rt|>;tr?-ltf>ltl?? I. It
thrir Inicitled H?'? to >,<? lit tlir n'<lit fio
i|mr? ol tH? U lii(?? ifit>f?t?ltHiit? n> thi y paMctl m
(In* f.vi to I' Mini", and glvi Ati nUrni of Of*, untl
n tiii? WUIIm |>? "?!???? f???tt? out of thrlr l?o?i?r? (o
canid< r t!i?ot. 'fli?y likfwiMT in'<'iiU?-?l, the 'x-l
?rr to c-trry thi'if plan info *(fNrt,snd di*w tlw*
Whit??* o-ii, to M Ire to ?m? nr two ot tfi? t.itnt**
to IVmrr; ntt?l th^n moi into the pl?m
?nri >ytl pnwHon of ih? iirnwl and 1b* Br* *t>nn
'if lit* militia ha^e J, arm tlitrtta* l?n? And
d?*tcoval|th? Wh>f> * |uy wrra d'.Mtovyd hv
onnottlit f!lf>r.kttav*?, who informal M? in 14.
t*r 'Mm lind UVeii mi and rtt'UinM.
a ff?at many f-od lvadfattl?fet*l iWfon'for*'vfcn >
A(?ltl4uwdon?.f|aMMBKlPl^VlM?w fap
ha IM?'? p^?fInt^ftitHi ffrvfnff.