The press and standard. [volume] (Walterboro, S.C.) 1890-current, April 11, 1917, Image 5
■j
Better Farming in the South | j Better^ Farming^ m the South
Permanent Influence Of Fertilizers On Southern Soils PEANUTS- AS A . CASH CROP
Feeding the Riant the Real Purpose Developing the Resources of the
Soil Sec-npary .
“hi recent' year-
soil fertility f - .*-
come to be look
ed upon in a new
lipht. Soiln are
no longer sjtoken
# cf as being rich
simply because
chenucal analysis
Allows that they
couurin a b u u o
a nee of plant
toou. Much,* of
J. liAK^hR, |j U!< plant food
Agronomist. may be lorked up
*o that plants can not get at it. To
be available plant food nmst be in
noiuble form; that is. it must dissolve
Jp /he soiL a **>ei raid change into juM
the form that the plant can use for
its growth," says Professor Harper.
“In fact,” he continues, “a chemical
analysis may show that a soil has lit
tie total food content, but that little
may often have plant f«>od hi a more
available form than the richer soil,
and, as it consequence, w ill produce
greater yields.
“Most of the soils of the South have
been formed from granite rocks which
have decayed or crumbled into parti
cles. Soils derived from granites con
tain considerable sand. Such soils
are found very extensively in the ns
gion east of the Mississippi river.
“Can these sandy loam soils of the
South be made to produce abundant
crops?
"The answer Is ‘Yes.’ Proof is pro
vided from the experience of thou
eaads of farmers. They won through
proper farm management and fertili
sation. Many farmers of the South are
today getting a bale of cotton to the
wore where they once got only one-
third of a They are producing
from 60 to ”5 nushela of corn on 'the
same land which a few years ago pro
duced only 16 to bushels.
“What is the secret of their aac-
"la it in the change la the methods
of cultivation? There has been con
siderable improvement in this respect.
"Has it been due to deeper plowing?
This has been a help.
“Is it due to crop rotation? Tbe
right kind of rotation is beneficial.
"What thfn is the great reason? It
Is this, the plants have beeq fed bet
ter and they have fesponded w ith bet
ter yields. In other word«, it came
about through proper fenilixatiom
“A successful. Southern fi rmer,
whom the writer knows well, i* now
producing .i b^le of cotton to the acre
on land which twenty five years ago
was pr 'during only on« third of a bai*
He has constantly crown <«■;'■ n ‘or : v
•Li*- land. Ye: in -.one of this, !.» 1:*
fotrer.-ed yields.
* Huv has he done it?" was asked.'
■ It Las been the practice of this!
farmer to put on bis land the amount
of fii.ilizer that, he could purchase
w; h i':c proceeds of thg sale of his
.cotton seed from this same land. Of
course, this farmer could have grown
his lottoo more ecouomically had he
grown it in loiati.on with other crops.
Loss Through Lerching
’Sandy soils naturally erode and
leach readily. Phosphoric acid does
not teach away but remains in the
top tweliV mciies f soil till it is used
by the piant. Potash will wash out
of sandy soils to a lifiiited extent, but
wjth c'.;.y .-oiis.il is practically all
available. The nitrates, on the other
hand, ennn t long be retained by the
soil. It is soluble in water and there
fore * Tec” :*.- YJuY' with every heavy
rain.
Winter Cover Crops Help *
“When a !>ld is left bare through
he winter months, sometimes more
ihan -iv pounds ot ni’togen is leached
:n*tu an acre. It will take dbO pounds
of cottonseed tueal i>er acte to.replace
ibis loss of nitiogen. If the farmer
plants a cover crop such as rye, crim
son clover or but clover, the greater
portion of this nitiogeu will be re
tamed and become available for tke
succeeding crop.”
To make money
Is the objec; of
the farmer as
w» t| j^s of the
manufac turpr -or
the merchant.
Ileal profit is
the difference be
tween the mar
ket value of a
commodity ever
its coi-t of pro
dm t ion. A crop
fhai fcas * not a
I) V OSBORNE -rash Surrender
•Value" un an interrupted market
aerntmif cannot be considered as. a
cr<.|. grown for Real Profit, although
an indirect profit may result in reduc
ing till cost of a Money Prop
Mcney Crop Give* Real Profit
TO MAKE COTTON FRUIT BETTER
J. C. Pndmore, Agronomist
Lnqu'i) —“My cotton produces plen
ty of weed, but fruits pooily. What
fertiliser would correct this?
From the knowledge of plant nutri
tion as it is understood at tke pres
ent time, it appears that you have a
soil containing a fairly good tuppl)
of nitrogen, but deficient in yhosphonc
arid and potash. The element nitro
gen ir considered largely with the de
velopment of vegetative parts of tbe
plants, such as tbe stalk, stems and
leaves. The phosphoric acid Is respon-
si We to a large extent for the develop
ment of the fruit, and tire hastening ot
the maturity of the plant. Potash gives
general tone anu vigor to the plant,
and improves the quality of the fruit.
The use of fertilizer will supply these
plant food elements, and enable one
to overcome he.-e upparem soil uefi
ciencies.
A ms’erial analyzing from 1 per
cent to 1’ per c-i.t nitrogen. 10 pe:
-VvV ~ *'f 3 ' v “ ''* orT< r itrat gives
real j.iofi: to the farm and a Money
Crop ran only .be a crop of a known
market value immediately convertible
into money m any town at any time.
Tta* problem of supplying the South
ern fattner with a cash market for
other crops that would yield as much
or inure pi oft t than he derives from
the cotton crop, has engaged the at
tention of the farmer and his friends,
and with the assistance of tbe Boll
i\eevil. they have'found a solution of
the problem in Peanuts
The Peanut
.The Peanut crop 0 fr en i wonderful
*oppori unities. It can be grown over
the entire South with profit.
B teaches it* perfection in growth
anu yield on well drained, gray, sandy
loam soils such as exist in tbe Coaatal
P.bint along the Atlantic Seaboard,
which territory is now either occupied
or is being rapidly encroached upon
by the Boll Weevil.
There is a constant demand at a
“Pash Surrender Value" from a mar
ket that would be difficult to glut with
the peanut, for the reason that there
are five, avenues of profit.
Five Avenuee ef Profit
Kiiat: Progressive oil mills through
out the South are eager buyers of the
Peanut and offer a spot cash msr
ket at very remunerative prices. The
oil is in great demand.
Second: The nut and viner are a
splendid feed for cattle, producing a
quick growth of firm and tender meat.
A profit in the sales of cattle thus
Pcaaata
’Owe
I i.»
*
»
as
as
.»
■ .as
aoo
»so
1)
: hi
•Ht#
a.-so
2.on
fed and-fattened is a^fertainty.
Thiid: The best quality of pea nuts T5
find a ready sale at tup price*- to the j Comsat it#* #1 Return# fi#m Cctten
maiulfac'n t r- of candy, of peanut bvt-; Ui , . , ni • n ' 1
te* and niter c i.fictions. \ ' su !l>* < «.t
and produ* i * in the hsg a soft, flabby
nieut, the fat of which will not pro
duce lard of a pn per consistency.
Fifth: Tie Peanut, being a legume,
is a soil builder ami adds nitrogen to
the toil am: works in splendidly in a
rotation v. tt* cotton or corn, both of
vvnhdt at* voracious feeders on nitro
gen ^nd requiring clean culture, rap
idly depU «■ th*. -oil of nitrites.
Picper Fertilization
Eersure it is si legume, many peo
ple believe that if requires no fertili
zers and tn tiis ihe> arc badly nris-
ittken. Nitrogen gathering nodules
do not bfnii. to form on the roots of
the plant ui.t | iho nut it two-tU:ds
matured and if through lack of pnap-
er nourifht*»m. the plant is allowed
to litRguis! until this stage is reacin
ed. the ciep will be greatly curtailed
and profits V<tt. j
’ TOT THknt'icduires j a sufficient
amount of r .in get. from a quick acting
source to or.rig it to the nodule form
ing period while ihe presence in suffl-
rienl ouamit,cs t ? phosphoric acid and
potagb in ersent iar during the grow*tb
and maturity of the plant.
An application . f a fertilizer con
taining 1J per cent available phos
phoric acid. 1 1-2 to 2 per cent am
monia and ;Lper cent potash, applied
at the rate of from 409 to 600 pounds
per acre, will make a crop of both
nuts and hay sufficient to return the
cost of the fertilizer and leave a hand
some profit while an unfertilised crop
will bereiy return cost of production.
The Profit Velue
Tbe profit value of aa acre of well
cultlveted and fertilised peanuts is
equal to the profit value of an acre of
cotton producing two thirds of a bale
to the acre.
The following tabulated cost and
value estimated by Dr. J. N. Harper,
clearly . proves this point:
Comparative Cost Per Acre ff Cotton
end Peanuts
Conea : l .
< ••t P»t Acre *'*'•
« 1 30 keskm* Uml
H#rrn# ii.h t.itw.t
.30 Hauliei FrtsiUxrs
,23 harm# eft I.«mJ
25 Applying Fertiliser
• ,i) Bedding «>n I ertiliier
25 ltim »irig lit'ure Plantine
.75 Seed
IMO Feflittrrr*
25 Pl*ut i'i>
'.50 t itlti* iil«'n.
'.OP llattrul.i.g
Z.fltl l‘rei;..ni g 'rt Murlrt
1 75 Marin •. g
MO Kent
cent to 12 i er cent phosphoric arid
i.i.d 1 l*ci cem to 2 tier cent pola-j}, | l or.rth: Fcm.u: r^k* (from tlie ud
cotih. he u-itd profitably in -ml, cai>e5i. | mil! >. fid.to hog-, makes a vigo^.
AtpIA - a’ the :tt t * <f -hiee tr ft'Ut ! cus i . o-.v-ih • j.'.d n»'-n in v.e;gl! e.m?T
..i ‘ i ii.i..
VC- *>'
j<. re-
p*.
Cost of
finndr*t! t**'»: ti m : a>?. In fme h*
crvji i- It.i.t* d,''i» ihat th*' j'hrrif can
w t «•*. l «t*itiy *finisli» : d of!" with' Net
cor* . *.*'ve- ,i f.r,u tn at v.i;h the fat ' - X
< t tidhij.g r. i*rot'« • i.io|'ciitii n of
s rj.firi for r,i k.rg • ud firm lard.
F* • i ,.i 'i*’ evt-c. nut Hi t!.* h
i t j
.14 so
5>. !1
i>
)l
K-ve-
HOW CROP YIELDS ARE LIMITED 'Jcrtcr Fannins in the South
The
Wrskest Eiemer.t of P.ant Feed Fi*es the Crcp Yield, Ju?t as
the Weakest Lusk Fixes the Strength of the Cham—Only
By F ertrtizition Can the W'eakr.ett Be Removed.
ripn!.* mu* l feed shotttrt pint food «lament tfiuc-e-.t-
fi> grow Four es ed here by nave, limit the possible
scntial food ele-' production of a cr<d<? * '/
tnent- <,<fmc from If. for .nstance, there u only et onrh
the krfr r.r.d >:i nitrogen in the »orl to prooiic* ,20
frt-tii the >«iil. * bushels of com or ITi* i-tundk of .t*
pv\y three of ton per acre, while there Is *nouph
those that eoKMj pluat :««.c elements of otfie* kinds ’o
;.from tie mu! fall j prod nee * i.o: ir.uue.y pic.i, t»ow tiieu
shirt «! i rup re tangren'e* yields b^obiuincd thtu the
quirnunts and n.itrogtn will pe-mi ?
have 13 be’ sup- The probiem ^of plain feeding is,
plied by man if the i the i efure, no kimpie one It has c»-
gnateet y i e I d s gageu long ai.d most careful iitv*s'»-
are to U obtain- gations of scientist*, who have delved
ed. These ar • Mi-1 deej, inni the u.ysteries of hpw plains
in-gen. 1’hospko f« ed and what they feed u;k u. On the
ric acid and pot- . bafis of the most exait knowledge thus
ash. Every soil may he said to have a f/>bt*:u*d. modem fertilizers have been
lindtirg factor of nrodue-tion TWh ’ maoufae u.e^i 8<ul deficiencies, or
may be a shentege of se.me plant /oeall “litnucg factors," modern lertilizetie
element. If so. this should t^e sup-1 *re ue«igned :o remove, and to call
plied thrcnigh fertlliz&ti. n if 'I» larg- in ° fullest action die natural re-
eM possible yields are to be ed^ned (sources of the soil
No matter how much of other pla* t*i Since ’.here is a limiting fetter in
fotcJ a soil may contain, if iht-e a 't* 1 rods, it s worth while for each
i hurt age of nitrqgen. for example, then 1 farmer io unusr’ake to temove that
iiitre.gen w iirfix the limits of produc Lmitat’e.r.. Intellige ni me of fi*rtilix-
tion Likewise with pt.(-M>le>ric a«’id or vrs n,1 ncie.mplisb »L if f«x u • le mems
other e Icnjenli. | be this l:m*::ng fa*tr. In no ether
Flams differ from anit. afi ! n tas.r.e "». T done than Ly tee lielti
fexid, in that plan.- will f «,us tf h. i.g te* hi- plant
en!y when ;lie elements o mpe.tit g t.e f. ..u t e*cis uni.'c..i.re.;,f,M. whe n
them tie f n soluble- forn.. tha 1 i:-,wi en ’** ’*•* •'’’r n t r ••• t due-fcn.
they ;.’e dissolved it. w;.**’ \\ her. * • l‘t* r *- of n. . ' be given
,*-. • 'he 1>«-: if ‘tirroutt. :gs. J: must not
e-t..y have plenty «f plan* fe.od. but
TO USE FERTILIZERS MOST PROFITABLY 1
Ftrt izers Sopu'y One or Mere
.Crept Will Not Be
Plant Fccdc
F refit a Lie.
Vy.thcut Which
C. FRIDMORE
AgMiromist
The- ambition
eif evt! y farmer s?
Vj make the Img
tel i#:op- pv.sMbU;
every year. tvt'U it
it l.i- duty t®
i.iakt them when
he can. But her-
vfis:s of large
crops remove
larpe qtian’itiies
eif plant ftuxl from
Uie soil. This de
crease ed piant
«n» ele tfieni is
t^use- growing.
de tie • n
tte p’nr
: i* •«.' mu. t it p*e pe iv otn.ncd f
• i.< * s uatt r !; rti * :» ”*li - i.rplie !
• . .*).*. anu s i toa< • i -
j r*a i-tur* r..u»* ■' -ecr r.’rv!
i
T«
i
< Vultll'.ll
*.... . i ^:i f
food finally pie
J. C FKIDMORE venia good yueieis.
Agronomist And unles- son-.e
I 'v.sau is made for reetorin^ and
ti.tn tiihitdr .nlr.g prodnitioiy, low
i yields Mid uuprnfltuUle itturns will
ccrtlnu* to he- the res,ill. One ean
Lot draw money hum a haiiH unless
L* has fnends there. Neither can the
hlt.r.t dtaw upon the sol! and. get the
ne<eseaty foem elentei’.s if the goil
dees ret contlin ihe;.:.
Plan For Good Yigldo Every Year
Every fanner should adopt fe.>r his
land a system of farming that will! fie lent c,! eolation
givi h t» g/ed yields continually year I i< will elpaiuee).
t-Her yen;. If this is done; he must
f* •*«! the |.:.ints; for plan's, like ani-
n.tt's. mns* feed to grow. While plants
require se me t»n e>r more elements
for heir growth, all. except three,
are - sugrpiie-U in abundance in most
soils. The* three ele me nts n it supplied
ubundar.'.y a c eii'e.ve i, phosphorus
and !w>ta i. All l e-vp art generaliy
etefieler , it) most -iui;he-rn soils, anei,
therefoie, havt to .<• -appljeei fa some \ t;
<*te '.eev.** la provle.eel for the plant
set tha’ the fertilize ! u. e-<! n.ay enatylt
Hie pin i to greivv me-t vitoreuisly, anil,
the re fi re, bung alnu. the biggest
v l< . ■ —
Vigorous Seed
The f'tndatncnta!. c**ih! giow'ng i i-n-
ditions making jossible' the most ef
tide nt u'sc of plant fouls, ate good
seed, a pood seed bed .-ud good culti
vation.
Ali p'antir.g stud mis have strong
vitality to g‘rutinaie ana grow rapidly.
Se-e d sl-e>uld also be of a vafie ty adapt
ed to le e al conditions. Time ami rate
ot planting must he givtn attention,
f.tr e i*he* one of these may very tua
'ciially effect the yi«ld of the crop.
Good Seed Bed
f'ot.ditions - required in the soil for
Icim to get. . prolitatl'e
be t plant growth, and biggest acre
return*- from fertilizer^ used, are a
g< » * :r prepared, fir.elj puivenzod
seed bio. It should be ind.ievs and
I’ll, so as to ei’abie the i cis to
jiii rale freely and deeply m s«M<h
e.f fo o and moisture. ar.e! :e; allow uf
e ! ... !i sliduld
F s i' i u Id o* v*' !
supplied wifli orgaisic ts.ntier. v.i..(a
axis in absorbing and o'.ioi.t: nu t;are
and n.prove- the - •ti*uii . ut. ' Ml)
Of tie •■ii. (Jo e: U.iitral me heel
nuts' he. «luplejyrd <* a to d' s’ivy
wee-eis ..ltd retain • tf,! tfrtslufe
If the preceding ctndHina* r.te •;it-
!s?Rc:«**y for plant grew >. ii »: and
net t.’l then, r.rr
tl.e III. e fficiei
ll !■ I
ter rfiiu-'
' • '’rahl*
i!
I
nif)
% I w *
o F*» the h.rg* • r -v ■ .
!l HZ'
i; : ’: V *,-*- '■ •■n' il’ f*
ffi r* -'.ii> for !: j to ' . i •
■ e onu f>
• i y t ‘
- '. 'L* ■ fv . «
’ l:*.,0..:.li
• • * . v
Sou c
■ i . y,; ... "I n-
lit ft ot!:
if’ ' k i.z*: - ■ t
i . ■: * ! !
i
..c
i.
ini.
• ’ <•
flic'
I
’^ r > iljustiate in nno::
tr X';
y, cl.
. * .
.* i f v .
r '-’t L<- pitture.
n \
• u , V
lh-re is a vessel t : *!
o'* < r
V»
• .
t* * '
L ; ' Ii * ave way repr* >*■:
a .
* * i - ♦ • *
% •
f . r
,u ct or other factoi of
< ,« p -
trt. .v
,,
4 . » *
!.*• .i: -
hoi. Some of the s a»e-
• i.c : t r
if
i *
-t> f l
i-ii; others. tH)» s i o.;
' ‘if* *
i ft* '•*'
dr ‘
lid*.
►lave tlien determin* I '-v.
n*"' ’
V. #. ' • *
■ qn:
,r >n« -
-» T|* *»
fc* vessel tan hold, ai «.
dl.Cv .
*v*t t i
. * C 1
i-lit. 7—J
7\ J i A .* # •
•« i
uveei pr.r' an!/ tc c
- feen's w.tleriut a.
I not Lc p ofi!i.b.c 'Are-
l- • . .1 "! c' 1 * r ! | ... /
*.;. it !*. te ue h growth ! ’ It*' v.
e . ' J.* i-e! c-rt v* mg i e Xte-nt'*
e ( 1.
to;,..
; , j., < ! • V.’.t ,uah. ’
1 ‘'t;:'‘ ’i ' !c. v i:
t.' C*. 'J !.< If..* - 1 .Cl eleiW
. si riving '.t> so .m tove- your
h .ons that yen may utilize
.e of fertilizer ’o the fullest
SCREEN
Yoeir Hemse
S
We Have
«# • „
Screen
• . *
Doors and
Windows
...rj
Our Prices
are Reason
able and our
Goods
Guaranteed
Roger Hardware Co.
5
CARLOADS
FORD CARS
/ ' v * /
We will Receive This Week Five
Car Loads of N .
FORD CARS
, ' .’-/TT • ' *
Which we will unload the latter
/, 'O’
part of the week. Come in and
buy one for Summez use.
Rizer & Ayer
' WALTER BORO, S. C
I
n* -
J
—. —
REMOVAL
NOTICE
We desire to announce to our friends and custom
ers that we have moved our stock from the store next
4o the postoffice to Shaffer’s row next Beach Bro*.
store, and shall be pleased to Have you cal! to see us s.>
that we can serve you.
-
Our Spring Goods
* . : y
xl
.ilW(
\«
■riU'.iz in u
. ( iothin/ and Millinery.
V>;.i will I e welcome at oiir
<d
I >rv
IX11
LEVY
-vop t*. Colleton Ba.iy; if
t a
V
».t:4 \tf:
TO t.lMHi
IUI AMs
MKiTISt.
ppmnt'
Mr, and Mis. J. O. H. W ts* M j -II r* .
children, of Pacific, *pent Ea--. '*Vit>*:
tfr with relatives in town. Mr. Wit-1 days.
• • Mil
' U
W.Smuak hai lx cn
•vet nor Manuiug ; d'-h g^t*- ;o
fill r.r.n ’.-J s".->. f '*n of the ;/!..*
. *t Gocm! iv®:.c4 a -o'-n* cn.
meets at Bitmipghun:, *'%ic..,
1 3-1T.
< Altli OF TH \ \K>
* , — /
i iiesii *- to * \t**ii‘l my * - ii< c? ■
thank-: to th*- people c: Wa?t•” hoi
; nd vicinity for their kindness dur
mg th*".' (Ilnest and death of my
vyde. I shall (always (remember
v. hat the<>e kin<l friends did fut in*-
during this great»sorrow
With uppieolation,
. ^ 5 HP.MARTIN.
Files Cured in O to I I Days. — —
i'’’I'clst ».:i rcfiiz.l laanty If PA70 i < apt . and Mrs G*-o. . Wu.'.
laiU to cure uuy ca»e of Itchtnc. ! <,( the Mt. < ai’mel -M tion. w < r*- o*
b!:o<:.ltl<<'<liii|{orerctrudioKHteaiin6tol4d#y<k | '.
.'L- urut ui>p)»c#Ovn give# Hm^e aadkt-t. .V.# . i • nl vi-itOl'.s to Walteiboio.
*
- .r 'X- -X-
lilltlHs
ika I
;F. S. hroeter te-
froi.i Iroomii-. N .
■ e she has been s* veral
Her numerous friend. ..r**
*o s-e* h*T looking fo w# l!.
*■ -« sH ^ ■ .
Horn to
H* rndofi,
da light* r.
•te * •? ?Jc A: •.'?
Mr. ati«l Mrs t'hailey II
Ti;c-(l:i> April 10.
U,
“ - —v
Anderson lei
where the
Mi .aid xf.'- <'.< v
yesterday toi Sumtei,
will visit at th*- home of ih*it so:..
C S Anderson. Mi Amlei-oj* vvi'.l
l»e away only a day or so. hut Mi-.
Anderson will make a prolonged
, visit.