Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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armers 1 Union Departmei 4' £ • ■ ' a * a \ k This Department is intended for the ase of the members of 1 — * N. * * . the Farmers’ Union in this county and is open to their use » ' • * ( - 'v ‘ » <0 Let your communications be in Saturday to insure appear, ance the following week SELECTING SEED. There is as much difference in the varieties of seed as there is •ih the blood of horses. A valu- best stalks, cut them, and keep separate. From the best ears on these select your planting corn. In selecting cotton seed very ... . great care is needed. There are able horse may sometimes spring 1 a preat many varieties. Each from a scrub, but you can not count upon his doing so. and he will never sell for his value. The brand of his origin is upon him. So you may sometimes succeed with ordinary seed, but you can not know you will. Seeds pro ducing fruit after their kind are as old as the world. Their na ture is to be true to their kind. Generally, improved seeds have a tendency to revert to the kind from which they were improved. This tendency is so well known that constant care is exercised by all seedsmen to counteract this. Seeds have been wonder fully improved by careful atten tion to well known laws of plant life. Good soil, thorough culture, and high manuring will often produce far better seeds than those planted. By selecting the best specimens of these and giv ing them careful attention for several seasons, they become set in type and distinct in variety. By persisting in this course, the possiblities of improvement are almost without limit. Plants have male and female blooms or organs, and the pollen from the male of one plant jsi has some merit, none have all the good points, very few are ab solutely pure. Get the seed that j gives vou the best returns for your labor. Then go through. the fields when in the best stage 1 of opening, and select the finest 1 .bolls, and from these save your planting seed. In this way you may improve any variety you have selected. , J | Thousands of dollars are year-' ly lost in the South by purchas ing worthless seeds. Many of these we can grow better here. Irish seed potatoes grown and kept here are better than those we buy. By planting a.second crop and saving seed from this, we will have the choicest. Beans and peas are suffered to rot in our gardens, and new seed is bought for the next crop. The seed bills alone of our Southerh farmers and gardeners would add materially to our wealth if we raised the seed. Indeed, there is no good reason why we should not make thousands of dollars ;> each year sell np the seeds we are now buying. The climate is in our favor. . , Of one thing we should always often earned by insects ami sure. Seeds for plant ng winds to the stigma of other: s h 0U u be thoroughly ripe before plants. In this way the»grow a tbev are gathered.-Agriculture resultant seed having in part the f 0 r\he Common Schools. properties of each. Such cross-1 es very greatly improve some varieties, and often produce en tirely new varieties. certain in re'- TEMPERANCE IN THE ORDER. It'ls with regret that These laws are so suro in their! rumors have been heard action, and so well understood, erence to the lack of temperance thfct experts produce almost any 7 in some pf the locals in thecoun- desired changes. The pollen J ty. It is reported that the prac- from large varieties of corn will tice of drinking has gone t«K» far soon destrm^op corn entirely if in at least one local in the coun- they are planted near each other, tv, so far in fact as to interfere The pop corn will have large with the proper conduct of the Okra exercises of the meetings, This and ! should not be. and cannot be if ruin the members were projierly im-r these pressed with, the ceremony of draw initiation. No member of the Seeds Union should ever allow the grains, and will n»>t pop. and cotton can be crossed, pumpkins and gourds will watermelons. Now, from well known facts we may some valuable lessons. may be greatly improved, or members to see him under the they may be entirely ruined, as influence of intoxicating bever- they are crossed with higher or ages even to the slightest degree, lower varieties. The soil that , And when officers do this,- the produces a poor variety will pro- effect must be bad. Cut if‘out. -duce a good one just as easily. The manure wasted upon one may be saved upon the other. The same labor that produces a poor crop may produce a good one. „ ' /" The seed may, and often does, settle the whole questionxif prof it and loss on the farm. It is always found cheapest to use best seed. Even in any given lot of seed, some are.better than others. Using a sieve or fan, or otherwise separating the best seed, will be found to pay. All the light and chaffy seed can thus be removed. At the same time, many weed seeds that we do not want can be separated and destroyed. Purity of seed should be carefully guarded. Many diseases are carried from season to season on the seed. Smut and sometimes rusU are carried this way. Washing the seed in a strong solution of blue- stone will kill smut pores, >.and help to prevent rust to some ex tent by insuring healthy stalks. Washing in water at one hun dred and thirty-four degrees is said to have the same effect. Again, all seeds have , not the same germinating power. Be careful to select sound seed. A few seeds plated, between two layers of cotton and kept moist for a few days will show what brethren. THE EDUCATIONAL FEATURE. It is hoped that the local un ions at their meetings this fall lay great stress on the eductional feature of the order. We must haye better schools and better facilities in many places in the county, and it is a province ot the Union to see to it that these are provided. Just now the members should be reading all they caa get hold of on the sub ject of sowing grain and deep fall plowing. Rye, oats, vetch etc. should be abundantly plant ed this season, and every acre of land plowed. FOR THIRTY CENTS A BALE. A Wichman & Son. when seen by a member of the committee appointed at the last meeting of the County Farmers Union to ascertain if this firm could furb ish storage for cotton in its ware house, stated that its warehouse room was very much taken up at present, but that it could furnish storage for 150 to 200 bales at the rate of 30 cents per bale per month, and insure each bale* for $40.< This insurance costs the firm 13 cents per month per bale and the storage and removal at least ten !cents. Members who desire, therefore, to store cotton m^y do so on the above terms. — j> FARMERS’ UNION DIRECTORY NATIONAL. President—Chas S Barrett, Union City, Ga. Vice-President-W. R. Caliicotte. Colorado. Secretary-Treasurer—A. C. Davis, Arkansas. STATE A. J. A. Perritt - President, Lamar. S. C. E W Dabbs, Vice-President, Mayesville. J. Whitner Reid—Sec-Treas., Columbia, S. C. COUNTY. L. C. Padjrett—President. Smoaks. T' *T' J.D. Risher — Vice-president, Round. S. C. W. W. Smoak, Jr.—Sec-Treas., Walterboro. S. C. L. C. Padirett —County Business Agent, Smoaks, S. C. G. W. Sweat. Conductor. Jos. Langdale, Chaplain, Weeks. o Executive Committee—Jno. O. Jaques, Jr.. Paul K. Crosby, S. J. Patrick, C. F. Roger, A. C. Breland. S. P. Goodwin. J. A. Willis, door keepers. Meeting 1st Saturday in each month at H a. tn- a t the courthons*. LOCALS. Ashton—J. T. Polk, president; T. J. Simmons, secretary-treasurer. , Adnah-J R DuBois, presi dent; A Q Lyons, secretary-treas urer. Bells-W. W. Bryan, president; H W Hudson Jr secretary-treasurer. Buck Head —J. A. Jones, presi dent; A. D. Preveaux, secretary- treasurer. Bethel—C. H. Breland, president; Allen Padgett, secretary-treasurer. Fuller—C. C. Crosby, president; B. J. Crosby, secretary-treasurer. Islandton—W. M. E. Ca*npbell. president; C. R. Mears, secretary- treasurer. Hudson’s Mill—J. D. ^Hudson, president; H. A. Crosby, secretary- treasurer. * Mt. Carmel—E. B. Way, president; G. M. Bennett, secretary-treasurer. Sniders—W. C. Brant, president; J. K. Getainger, secretary-treasurer. Horse Pen—Jos. Langdale, presi dent; C. N. Langdale Sec-Treas. Tabor—C. B. Crosby, president; W. H. Breland, secretary-treasurer. Hendersonville—G. E. H. Moore, president; 0. A. Speights, secretary- treasurer. , 0 Stokes—W. F. Copeland, president; J. B. Saunders, secretary-treasurer. Dry Branch—J. J. Miley, presi dent; J. L. Crosby, secretkry-treas- urer. I ’ ' \ Peniel—J. L. Hickman, president; j B. H. Graves, secretary-treasurer. Lodge—L. J. Jones. Sr., president; i P. M. Johns, secretary-treasurer. WalterborOi—W. W. Smoak,' Jr., i president; E. W. Goodwin, secre tary-treasurer. Edisto-^A. G. Yarley, president; S. J. Patrick, s.-cretary-treasurer. | ,Berea -D T Strickland, president; James M Strickland. Jr, secretary- treasurer. •Omega—H. P- Martin, pr^ident; B R Griffin, secretary-treasurer. Hall—B G Weeks, president; 1 B Weeks, fcecretary-treasurer. Black Creek-C. C. Litchfield, president; P. A. Sloman, treasurer. Brant—W. B. Crosby, president; A. Blocker, secretary-treasurer /. . - • « Those checks are Gfe&f BANKorEASYSTREE r ifol / MU. SWELL V'RESSE'R.-- "BE V'ROS- LOOK. V'ROSTE'ROUS A.j*T> yOU WILL TETtOUS. By WHjKT CA.JW A/iyOSiE FIBST JUDGE you EX’CEVT yOU*R LOOKS? GOOD CLOTHES MA.KE you -LOOK GOOD.- “FEEL .GOOD ’ A.JVD "MA.KE GOOD." v yOUB BAS*K ACCOUNT WILL ALSO BE BIGGEH if you Buy you-R Clothes fbom us. AJVD WE HA VE ALL THE OTHEIt THINGS THA T GO ALOJSG WITH GOOD CLOTHES. SUCH AS SHOES. HA, TS. shiuts. e tc. you Buy youiK FHOM WILL WALK OM EASy STREET IF yOU CLOTHES AMD FURJSISHIMG GOODS ,r THE H. W. COHEN STORE “THE STORE THAT MAKES GOCO” CLEMSON COLLEGE WORK CORN EAR ROT. 1 . *■’ * During the past two years there seems to have Ireen a gradual increase in the amount * of damage or rotten corn in the ! fields throughout the State. In- I vestigations started last fall and ‘ ! continued this summer show* • that the large majority of this trouble is due tA fungue disease i known as dry rot or ear rot of j 1 corn. In one field recently in-1 vestigated in Darlington County we found 20 per cent of the ears ^ destroyed by this disease. Re ports have come in from other sections showing that the disease is wide-spread and is causing considerable damage. New any disease that injures our com crop is of vital interest, and every 'farmer should know enough about such a disease to enable him to recognize it when he pumes in contact with it, and to enable him to combat it where it causts loss. It is hoped that at least a part of j such knowledge will be gained from this article. Symptoms of the disease are very characteristic. At the time the corn begins to ripen, the husks on the diseased ears turn (Prlrklr A ah. Poke romriTk ersn or ■oot Bad AIX FORMS AND STAGES OF- FbrairiAnt rtidova* P. F. I*. M A rpl-B Aid combination, nnd praarnt* it With fT—I aatiafartion for tba cm— of aU form* and ataf — of Primal?. SonotMlai? bad Tarttai? fcjphilia. BrpbiiiUc Rheo- KaUam, Scrofulo— Cl—and Borta.j Glandular B—Uinf. BbaomaUam, Kid-1 M? Oo—plaint* oM Cbroaio Uloan that I ▼ov will rogain fl—h and Waataof raarg7 and all dlaa— front orartatinf tbaayata— aracmad by Urn naa of P. P. F. Ladtaawho— rrrtawnaraprlan—d—A I whoaa blood lain an Impnra condition A— | tomcnatroal Irrefniari .iaa ara pccnltarty [banabtad by tba woodarfnl CATARRH 9 SCROFULA aO Chroma Fama ft—pfcfl* Marruiial PoMon, Tatlar, | I blond elaanahtf profwtl— of F. Prickly Aab. Poba Boot and MAbyaU F. F- P. P. U a pcwwfhl tenia and i apptttaar. building ay U rapidly. If yon ara w—k at tefcfeand teal Badly try P. P. P.. and) F. V. LIOOMAN rr.prl.fc.. - •avinnaliy • Ca. RHEUMATISM infection takes place through the silks. If the weather conditions . are favorable for the deveiop- prematurely yellow. I^itei. .they | ment of the fungue at this stage assume a motfled or blackish ap-, the disease spreads very rapidly, pearance and seem to stick very 1 At the Illinois Station the fungus close to the *ars. When the;has been found to live on the husks are pulled back from such old corn stalks in the field for secretary- the. ear creased per cent, of the seed is sound. If you have not the cotton. 0 a lit tle moist soil will do as well. Every farmer can do much 'to ward keeping his seed pure and good by careful methods of se- Under the new constitution, lecting on his own farm. In which has been to every small grain, a few acres should, local secretary, the dues for the be selected from which the seed 4th quarter must tie m the hands is to be gathered. Before the of the County secretary by the - “ ‘ * 15th of October. Local secre taries will please see to it that S. QUESTIONS STATEMENT. ears, the grains will be found to be'Shriveled and immature and will be noticeably de in weight. I-ater, the grains apiiear very brittle and frequently assume a brownish color. At this stage the whole ear is usually overrun with a v two years, and in some cases for three years. They recommend that the corn stalks be removed frt>m the field and destroyed and we /rtced more data which will apply to southern methods and Conditions. In order to secure such information, we need co- operation. We are pushing this investigation now and are asking that every one who has the disease in his field will write us about it and send us specimens. We have on hand a number of franked tags which will bring specimens through the mail free that a rotation be practiced | of cost, and we will be glad to which will keep corn off of the send these to anyone ilesiring to land for. two years. It seems that tfuch measures would elimi- ATTENTION, LOCAL SECRETARIES lh ^mZ1n i^t^ue^de grain is ripe, when in full head, f o through this plat and with a — nife cut out all spurious heads, ftheirj’eports are sent in prompt leaving only those of the kind to be saved. Let these seed patch es stand until the grain is fully ripe before cutting.- In corn fields, go through be fore the gatherers and select the ly. The new pass word has been received and will be sent out as soon as the reports of the secretaries are received. W. W. Smoak, s County Secretary-treasurer. white looking mold. When the diseased ears are broken across, small black fruiting bodies of by Pres. Perritt that the middle the fungue will Lie found on the man made $5 to $10 per bale on tips of the grains and in the cob. cotton sold, said that was not a This rot is caused by a parasi- correct statement On the con- tic fungus, Diplodea maydis. trary, he said he knew many Studies of the life history of the middle men who did not make 1 fungus recently made at the over 25 cents a half, and he was { Nebraska and Illinois Experi /er 25 cents a half, and he ire much cotton is bought < Suite much cotton is bought on sf ment Stations show that less margin even than that and | fungus lives over winter on never for much more. - He re gretted to see that statement by Pres. Perritt as it was, he be lieved, a gross exaggeration and likely to deceive the unthinking. nate the disease. 1 have in mind one case in this State, however, where the disease has done con- sieerable damage in the face of such rotation, so it seems that some further data are needed before we can give definite | measures for controlling the disease. In this connection it is 'well to keep in mind the fact diseased ears and stalks which are left in the field. In spreads from these to the new corn the following season at the time *the corn is in silk and tassel. The the that removing the corn stalks the; from the field eliminates one of principal sources of infection for the next seasoi^. This empha sizes the advantage to be gained by cutting and shredding the com. As stated above, however, send such specimens. Where cases seem to warrant it, we will be glad to visit fields where the disease is causing trouble arid look into the conditions prevail ing there. H. W. Barre, Botanist. S. C. Experiment Station. ■—r r ••• — i - «, Biliouanp-t it doe to a diMMierwi con dition of tbe atnmtch. CbBrntorUia'a Ttblet* are •mcntially a ttomacb medi cine, intended especially t^BOt on that organ ; to ebanee it, ttrenetben It, tone and invigorate it. to regulate the liver and to banish bilionsneaa positively and effectually. For tale by all dealera. For any pain, from top to too, from any cause, apply Dr Thomaa’ Eclectic oil Pain can't Btay where It ie uaed.