Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Farmers’ Union Department. — - - “ , o * This Deparment is intended for the use of the members of • . „ <• the Farmers’ Union in this county and is open to their use a Let your communications be in 'Saturday to insure appear- ance the following week ISIMDTON LOCAL MEETS T" J«5. f. PtURIfOT, fSQ.. AND W. W. SMOAK OF WALTERBORO ARE PRES- EM ASft DELIVER ADDRESSES. USES OF THE SOIL. The soil serves to hold the plant up against the wind and its own weight. To do this, it must furnish a good root bed. If the soil be too compact, the tender rootlets can not find their way through. If the soil be too loose, it will not hold the heavy tops of the plants against storms and accidents. Thus we see that the soil should be full of pores but not too loose. Sandy soils are generally quite loose. The particles are not held together by cohesive at traction. Hence tender roots grow very rapidly in sandy soils. Clayey soils are more compact. The sponge-like tips of young roots can large quantities in the ashes of most of our farm crops, and are not al ways in sufficient quantities in all soils. These are found tp be abso lutely necessary for the healthy growth of all our crops. Hence it becomes a matter of great import ance to the farmer to know about potash, phosphoric acid and lime. Without these he can not farm, j They must be present and in avail able form, or he can grow no crops. Now, the question is sure to arise in the inquiring mind, “If these are needed in so small a quantity, why can we not do without them entire ly?” Now, the largest and health iest person has only a small quantity ^ of iron in h “ W^^ut if he had not get between the. particles so' . „ . ’ . easily. This is *hy transplanted "“"e st all he must d* You see a \ i we ‘‘ proportioned man look pale and vegetables grow qu.cker m «n<ly , B ith appetite failing, and soils. For the same reason sand orl .. ’ ^ 7“ , .. r.. r unable to digest or assimilate what sandy soils are better tor rooting •, , . , . ^ - , 77 • „ .. j. i he may be mduced to eat. Broken cu ngs o 1 • in health and ambition, he seeks the Many plants desire to strike their ... ... , . ^ rootsdeepdownintheearth. Trees aldof 4 P^ 4 "- who e “ mln « and heavy-topped plants of all sorts find this necessary. Hence the po rosity of the soil must extend to great depth*to accomplish this end. The soil not only holds the plant up, but in a very important sense i feeds it. It is true that a very small part of the plant is taken directly from the soil, but that small part is the very life of the plant. If it is not present, the other parts can not do their work. Much of the food furnished to plants from the air and other sources must be worked over in the earth before the plant can use it. So we see that soil is not onlv a root bed but also a workshop for plant growth. Neither of these lat ter purposes can be secured if the soil be too compact. Circulation is the law of plant life, and for circu lation there must be room. The mere mechanical texture of the soil, then, is a matter of great import ance. ° Through the soil comes the sap. Hence Ihe soil must be also a water bed. Here must be received, kept and furrtished an ample supply of water. This supply mast not only be sufficient to give the sap, or cir culating matter in the plant, but also to dissolve and hold in solution an abundant quantity of plant food ready for use when called for. Nearly threefourths of living vege tation is water. About ninety-seven per cent, of the solid part in from the air, and only about three per cent, from the soil. In many plants, such as the watermelon, only about one per cent, comes directly from the ground, but nearly all that makes up the plant comes through the roots. Hence a thorough knowl edge of the soil is indispensable. We learn the above facts in the following simple way: We take a quantity of vegetable matter and dry it thoroughly. We find that a large part of its weight is gone. W r e conclude that this was water, and that we have reduced it to a state of vapor Proceeding a step further and burning the ramaining dry matter, we find that a considerable proper him and tells him that his blood is wanting in iron, but he does not send him to the blacksmith to obtain it. He prescribes a tincture of iron, with perhaps a grain of that metal in an ounce of that fluid. The pa tient takes a few drops of this tinct ure three times a day; his color as sumes a healthier hue; appetite and digestion improve; strength, vigor, manhood and ambition all return at the magic command of this little t*ace of iron in the tincture. What the iron does for man, pot ash, phosphoric acid and lime, do for the plant. We prove this in giving a plant all the necessaries of life and growth except potash, and we see it refuse to grow, and finally it will sicken and die. The same is true of phosphoric acid* 3 The plant may have plenty of potash and lime, but without the phosphoric acid it will refuse to grow. So it may have plenty of potash and phosphoric acid, but, if the lime be wanting, death results. W’e thus see the important o part the soil serves in the vegetable kingdom. It furnishes a root bed for holding plants and a food bed for feeding them. It furnishes a water bed for sustaining the growth, and a labor atory for the preparation of all plant food. Finally, it furnishes the health-sustaining foods without which plant life would be impossible. It is only through the soil that the farmer is able to control, modify, check, or help plant growth.—Agri culture for the common schools. DOTS PROM BRANTS- Brants, June^r—J. F. Hiott of Waycross, Ga., has been sending some time with relatives and friends J. k at W’alterboro, Hendersonville, and Brants. He reports having a nice time but will have to return to his home in a few days. Mr. and Mrs. James Lemacks of Brants visited - the former’s sister, Mrs. John Hiott, of Stokes Mrs. Hiott has been ill for some time, but; W. H we hope for her* a speedy recovery now-. FARMERS’ UNION DIRECTORY NATIONAL. President—Chas“S Barrett, Union City, (Ja. Vice-President—J E Montgomery, Gleason. Tenn. Secretary-Treasurer—R H McCul loch, 116 1-2 W. Broad street, Texar kana, Tex. STATE A. J. A. Perritt — President, Lamar, S. C. •. * E W Dabbs, Vice-President, Mayesville. . J. Whitner Reid—Sec-Treas Columbia, S. C. COUNTY. L. C. Padgett—President, Smoaks. J. D. R i s h e r — Vice-president, Round. S. C. W. W. Smoak, Jr.—Sec-Treas., Walterboro. S. C. S. P. Goodwin—County Business Agent, Walterboro. S. C., R. F. D. 1 W. W. Smoak, Jr.—County Or ganizer. G. W. Sweat. Conductor. Jos. Langdale, Chaplain, Weeks. Executive Committee—Jno. 0. Jagues, Jr., Paul K. Crosby, S. J. Patrick, C. F. Roger, A. C. Brelanj). S. P. Goodwin, J. A. Willis, door keepers. Meeting 1st Saturday m each month at 10 a. m. at the courthonse. LOCALS. Ashton—J. T. Polk, president; T. J. Simmons, secretary-treasurer. Adnah—J B DuBois, presi dent; Paul K. Crosby, secretary- treasurer. Bells—W. W. Bryan, president; H W Hudson Jr secretary-treasurer. Buck Head—J. A. Jones, presi dent; A. D. Preveaux, secretary- treasurer. Bethel—C. H. Breland, president; Allen Padgett, secretary-treasurer. Fuller—f. C. Crssby, president; B. J. Crosby, secretary-treasurer. Islandtfcn—W. M. E. Campbell, president; C. R. Mears, secretary- treasurer. Hudson’s Mill—J. D. Hudson, president; H. A. Crosby, secretary- treasurer. Mt. Carmel—E. B. Way, president; G. M. Bennett, secretary-treasurer. Maple Cane—J. F. Addison, presi dent, J. E. Addison secretary-treas- rer. Sniders— \^C. Brant, president; Getsinger, secretary-treasurer. Horse Pen—Jos. Langdale, presi dent; C. N. Langdale Sec-Treas. Williams—Dr. C. E. Kinsey, presi dent; J. F. O’Quin, secretary-treas urer. Tabor -C. B. Crosby, president; Breland, secretary-treasurer. Miss Levenia Lemacks of Brants tion of it, about ninety-seven per 'spent two weeks with relatnes and cent., has disappeared. W'hat has friends at Stokes a few weeks ago. become of it? It has simply returned An ice cream festival was given at to the air, whence it came. We find, then, a residue of about three cent., or three pounds out of hundred pounds of dry matter,* that will not burn. This we call ash. It is found to be earthy matter, and president; O. A treasurer. ’— — - — Speights, secretary- the home of H. A. Bowers Saturday per night. This was enjoyed very much on<r[by all present. Dave Blocker of Brants was taken to Charleston a few days ago for an operation. We hope for him success. Subscriber. constitutes all that the soil had given directly to the building up - of the plant. Now, we proceed with analysis and find that this ash, or earthy matter,, is composed of a^out fourteen sub stances: iron, soda, sulphur, lime. Potash, phosphoric acid, magMaa, and others that need not be named. where present in all soils, and always foqnd in the ashee of all plants. Eleven of them are in wnaQ quan tities in the ashes, and are in naiveraal distribution in quantities in aHaoik, that we not give farther attention to* foond in .'•Foe Gor’s Sake Do Pomstbiko ” We bare answered this cry in oar new book ‘’Flffktinft the Traffic in Young Girls” by Keioeet A. Bell. U. 8. District Attorney Bints and others. The most sensation si indictment of the White Slave Trade ever pnMiehed. Tt telle how thoosaode of young girls are hired from their homes aaaoaUT aad sold Into a life of shame. The Ciaeumatl Enquirer says “Of all the books of the eeeeoa the War oaths WkitaMavu Trade Is the helpful ; it Nsoald be read by every woman and child.” Agents are as freae |6 to #17 a dev eiuiag this Over 900 pages. Men; Outfit *%£.***- ■ •m., m ciimm* CMit. Stokes — W. F. Copeland, president; J. B. Saunders, secretary-treasurer. Dry Branch—J. J. MUey, presi dent; J. L. Crosby, secretary-treas urer. V- 4 o Peniel—J. L. Hickman, president; o *• G. A. Blocker, secretary-treasurer. Smoaks—L. C. Padgett, president; A P Smith, secretary-treasurer. Lodge—L. J. Jones, Sr., president; P. M. Johns, secretary-treasurer. . Walterboro—W. W. Smoak, Jr., president; E. W. Goodwin, secre tary-treasurer. Ediato—A. G. Yarley, president; S. J. Patrick, axretaiy-treasurer. Berea—D T Strickland, premdent; James M Strickland, Jr, -IB. P. Martin, prstident; Omega—E B R Griffin, Hall—B G Weeks, pnridant; IB in tha hold its rally There was a must interesting meet*' ing of the Islandton local Saturday afternoon at the Islandton school house, the regular meeting place of the local. There were present a large number of the members, the house l»eing crowded. VV. M. E. Campbell, the president presided. After the usual preliminary open ing exercises were held, it was an nounced by the president that the usual order of business would be dis pensed with, and the local would take pleasure in listening to the ad dresses of Bros. W. W. Smoak and Jas. E. Peurifoy of Walterboro, who had met with the local. Mr. Smoak was first called upon and in his address he gave especial emphasis to the educational work of the union, and urged the members to see to it that their local took especial interest in the school and school facilities of the neighborhood. He quoted figures to show that a common school education increased a boy’s chances to succeed four times; that a high school increases his chances eighty-seven times; and that a college education multiplies a boys chances more than 800 times He. therefore, urged that the people of the community see to it that their boys were not denied an equal chance with their more fortunate fellows, but that the parents make every sacrifice possible to give their boys a college education. This he Considered the greatest work the union has before it to do. Farmers should try to make their homes and community life so attractive that the boys would not wish to leave home to achieve fortunes elsewhere. Mr. Peurifoy was the next speaker. For an hour he held the undivided attention of the audience, delivering one of his characteristic and helpful addresses. Mr. Peurifoy said that the members of the union needed to have more confidence in each other more of that very necesaary and helpful fraternal feeling. The moat important need just now for the union is wise and consecrated leader ship. He also stressed the value of education. Farmers ought to read more and appropriate what they read to themselves. He did not mean by this that a farmer should read a farm paper and do everything the paper recommended, but to se lect from it just those things that were necessary to his conditions as he sees the need. Too much stresa cannot be laid on the co-operative feature of the union. There are enough members of the union in this county to do anything in reason they wish to do. All they needed was to stick close together, and have the same end in view.' But the members must be nut of debt so they can do as they please with what they pro duce. He knew men who were as much slaves as ever existed and slaves because of debt. Their homes, their crops and their labor were mortgaged, and to such persons the union could not bring many advant ages. The debt must be paid and then the man can take advantage of the opportunities offered in buying and selling. Another thing, farmers should try to make farm life more attractive for their wives and daugh ters. He cannot blame some boys AS LONG AS IT LASTS We will sell our stock of FERTILIZERS FOR CASH at what it will cost you at the factory in one hundred ton lots. We have : : : KAINIT, 13° ACID, 10-4 Cotton Seed Meal and Agri cultural Lime. Everything in Hardware, Planta tion Supplies, Vehicles, Harness , and Stoves. A. WICHMAN & SON Walterboro, S.C. for leaving the farm under condr Hendersomille—G. E. H. Moores' t i uns ^ j, e sees them in some homes Make farm life attractive to the young folks and they w ill stay on the farm. At the conclusion of this address, Bro. A. E. Rentz arose and thanked the speakers for accepting his invita tion and being,present. The meeting was then closed till the next regular meeting two weeks hence. The Llandton local is per haps the most alive of any in the county. Its membership, is nearing the hundred mark and new mem bers are being initiated at every meeting. Several lady members were present at the meeting Satur day afternoon and appeared to be very modi interested in the exercises of the evening. Let the local secretaries remember that Dm third quarter dues should be paid bp the first of the quarter and If frey have not blanks thenr reports, a postal to out card wffl bring them. a meeting of yoor local daring the summer. -J &€***%%%*%**%***%%*%%%%%**& « tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt w tt a a A a A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A $ We have a beautiful assortment of white perfection A A A A A A A A A tt tt tt tt" tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt # tt tt tt tt ..... ^ Stones in Rings, as first quality arid the prices range tt from S10 to S125.00. tt Diamonds Cost Nothing to keep up—no bills for repairs—no bills for main tenance—no danger to the owners—not out of date at the end of a few months, and not fit only fqr the scrap heap in a few years. In fact. Diamonds are appreciating in value each year; are never-ending source of pleasure to the owner, then beauty does not fade, and if our customer wish to dispose of them we would never disappoint them. These make attractive commencement presents and we are always glad to show our stock. JEWELERY STORE. » We Have Removed temporarily Opposite Old Stand. WALTERBORO AND EHRHARDT A A A A A A A A A A A &%*%%%******%*%%%*******%*'* G. WrGlover AND Ernest Ackerman Are now representing The CONSOLIDATED PORTRAIT AND FRAME CO. of CHICAGO. We are now ready to receive all mail orders and we guarantee all work to give perfect satisfaction or money refunded. - We are backed up by the company with the above guarantee. Address all mail orders the . COLLETON PICTURE COMPANY s.. Walterboro, S.C. UNIONISM’S. local It is reported from Berea that a joint company will be orga nized shortly for the purpose of run ning a onion store, ginnery, saw mill, etc. The farnMrs of this com munity are very much alive to their be* intereria, and they have the in- tettigeoet and borinsM ability to The editor of this paper received a few days ago a letter from Prof. D. K. Barrow of Clemson College, wha has charge of the extensifa work, asking if the" people of the county desired to have an institute this sum mer. The dates and plates for tbasa' institutes will be os sooa as received from Frol Hsirekr,