The Union daily times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1918-current, September 17, 1921, Image 3
Causes of Martial
. Law in India
y
London, Sept. 14.?Three factors in
connection with the present disturbed
conditions in India, factors about
which little is known abroad, make it
difficult to set forth Ihe causes which
have led to the declaration of martial
law by the British in six districts?
Calicut, Walavanad, Ponnanni, Ernad,
Wynaad and Kurambranad?all within
600 miles of Madras.
These factors are, first, the Gandhi
or "non-coopcration" movement, led
by a supposedly non-resistant native
messiah; the operation of the new
government for India Act which went
into effect In January, 1921, and the
administration of the new Viceroy, the
Earl of Reading. Each of these elements
have some bearing, directly or
indirectly, upon the most recent trouble
which has resulted in the killing
of Europeans and Hindus by fanatical
tribesmen. __ .?
The disaffected area, Malabar,
which figures in the most recent dispatches
from India, is a narrow strip
nf l?nH on t.hp wnst onnat- alnnn. *1.?
v. Midlife WIC
Arabian Sea, south of Bombay. In
this region are upwards of 1,000,000
Mohammedans of Arab descent known
as Moplahs who, for years, have resisted
British authority. In this same
territory arc a number of Europeans
and many Dravidians, including Hindus,
against whom the ferocity of the
Moplahs is said to be directed.
The trouble originated, according to
the reports of a Malabar magistrate
to the India office, when the British
authorities began to confiscate war
knives possessed by the natives of
Tirurangadi. Arming of the Moplahs
was said to be in violation of the
Malabar Offensive Weapons Act of
1851. Sikhs and other native Indian
police, as well as agitators sympathizing
with the Gandhi anti-British
boycott, have been charged with supplying
the Moplahs with weapons and
inciting them to rebellion.
Mohandas Karanchand Gandhi, the
Nationalist leader, at a congress held
late in 1920 in Nagpur, made a plea
against violence but called for the destruction
of British rule in India and
was quoted as saying that the success
of the non-cooperation movement?
the refusal of Indians to pay taxes,
send their children to school or buy
British products?might involve "wading
through oceans of blood."
Gandhi was invited by the Kerala
Provisional Congress committee on
August 28 to visit Malabar and try
to pacify the ^Moplahs, who at that
. time were killing Europeans and Hindus,
destroying property and proclaiming
'home rule" in all disturbed
areas.
On August 1, Gandhi with many of
his adherents made a public bonfire of
British goods' in the streets of Bombay.
He was not molested but a few
ximol/a lotnt* if ?? ? o ?tn?vAwf
nvvatv iuvui iv wao ivpui ucu umu Lilt:
government of India, with the concurrence
of Edward S. Montague, secretary
of state for India, had decided to
take action "against the prominent
personages" held responsible for the
greater part of the recent troubles in
India, <,
While the Malabar disturbances are
a new development of the troubles in
Ir.dia, reports of rioting came from
other parts of the country. One such
outbreak, attributed by the India of'
fice in London to the Gandhi propaganda,
occurred in the mill area of
Madras on August 29. The police fired
on the mob and six persons were
killed and 21 wounded. Madras is several
hundred miles east of Malabar.
Sir Michael O'Dwyer, former governor
of the Punjab, in a statement last
January said that "sedition in India
has advanced too far" and declared
that Gandhi and others heading "the
revolutionary ~ conspiracy should be
dealt with rigorously and impartially
under the law before it is too late."
The Earl of Reading, formerly Lord
PVU/ T..ail - * 17? 1 J A
vnici iiusui-c 01 cjiigiuiiu, weni. to India
last April atf" Viceroy in succession
to Lord Chelmsford. Lord Reading's
arrival in Bombay was acclaimed
as a happy augury for the country
and it was said that with his aid, and
the establishment of the new Indian
legislature, peace and prosperity were
assured. One of Lord Reading's first
acts upon reaching India was to confer
with Gandhi. This conference took
place at Simla on May 16. The Bombay
bonfire of British-made goods several
weeks later gave the only indication
of how Lord Reading's proposals
had been received by the Nationalist
leader and his followers.
The last public statement made by the
new Viceroy was published here on
June 16 and related to the forthcoming
visit of the Prince of Wales to
India. Plnns had been made for the
Prince to include India in his tour of
America in 1920 but the Duke of Connaught,
his grand-uncle, was sent
there in his stead ostensibly to attend
the inauguration of the Chamber
of Princes but to make an appeal
for unity throughout the Indian empire.
The new Indian legislature, which
was expected to mark a better epoch
Indian administration, opened in
January and continued until the middle
of April. Under the government
for India Act, devised by Secretary
Montagu, a Council of State was provided
and subordinate councils established
in many pprts of the country
bv means of which, the Hindus and
IWoslems were represented in the government.
Efforts- to repeal obnoxious
laws were to be made.
Of the new government's refrm
bills, a committee of the All-India
Congress, in which Gandhi and his
followers took a prominent part, said
ti(?y were "inadequate, unsatisfactory
disaDOointine." The corurress
agreed to cooperate in carrying: out
the new policy but said that whenever
a conflict arose between the government
and the people, no compromise
would be made by Gandhi and hia adherents.
The Times, commenting: on the work
of the new Indian legislature, said
that the Duke of Connaught'B visit,
h^''appeal for unity, the Indian gov-ernment's
frank confession of error
in dealing with disturbances and, particularly
Lord Rawli neon's declaration
of military policy" had cleared awhy
much misunderstanding and antagonism.
Continuing, it said: "But the
battle between constitutionalism and
revolution has to be fought this year.
All ovar the country non-cooperation
>*? v V v>?* *V '
is developing into undisguised tyranny,
too often accompanies by disorder
Mr. Gandhi deplores this for the
moment. It is inevitable that as soon
as the dismal failure of his effort to
bring all governments to a standstill
1 is realized by the public he will be
' driven to take further measures."
Peace in the Pacific
Honolulu, T. H., Sept. 16.?Maintenance
of peace in the Pacific througn
utilization of all educational agencies
to eliminate racial prejudice un<l to
promote better understanding among
the Pacific peoples was the outstanding
recommendation made by the PanPacific
Educational Conference held
here. The resolution was addressed to
governments of states touched by the
Pacific ocean.
The conference recommended that
the governments immediately make
adequate provision in their university
systems for a scientific study of Pacific
problems, especially that cf population.
and arrange for the wide dissemination
of this knowledge.
The resolutions also congratulated
Piesidcnt Harding on his "initiative
in inviting the great powers of the
world to the international disarmament
conference," while the educational
meeting reaffirmed its emphatic
endorsement of the policy of limiting
armaments and expressed its hope
that the Washington conference may
be productive of beneficial results, i
Other recommendations advised:
"That there should be incorporated|
in tne educational programs of the
Pacific nations definite teachings inculcating
the ideals of peace and the
desirability of the settlement of international
disputes by arbitration.
"That scientific research iDto the
causes of war should be promoted by
governments or educational agencies.
"That the Pan-Pacific Union should
institute machinery for acquiring authoritative
knowledge for the practical
furtherance of those ideals of racial
inter-knowledge, amity and cooperation
which are its main objectives.
"That the governments of Pacific
nations should institute an efficient
censorship of motion pictures under
the direction of educators, and that
the governments be asked to promote
the production of educational films
showing the resources, industries and
general social conditions of their respective
counties.
"That the Roman alphabet he adopted
in all Pacific countries and that a
common language be adopted for intercommunication
among the peoples
of the Pacific countries, '"That
there should be instituted by
the forthcoming World's Press Congress
(at Honolulu) a Pan-Pacific
branch commissioned to promote, by
medium of the press, inter-racial understanding
and cooperation throughout
the Pacific.
"That the Pafe-Paeific.Uiriuri should
undertake the preparation of*in international
anthem in all the important
languages of the world, embodying the
ideals of the brotherhood of man and
community of interest.
* "That' inasmuch as the growingunity
of the world must ultimately
embody itself in some form of supernational
world-order, endowed with
effective powers to safeguard the
Rbace of the world and the ideals of
umanity, educational effort'should be
<^)ordinated throughout the Pacific
lands to make this great idea a definite
part of the national consciousness."
The conference sessions weffe attended
by more than 200 delegates
from all Pacific lands, including the
United States, Canada, Australia, the
Philippine Islands, Japan, China, Korea,
India, Java and others.
l)r. David Starr Jordan, chancellor
emeritus of Leland Stanford Junior
University, presided.
Telephone Subscribers
Receive Radiophone
Market Reports
Something new in the way of telephone
service is the receipt of daily
market news and quotations by radiophone
and their immediate dispatch
by wire telephone to the 3,000 subscribers
of an Illinois rural telephone
company.
In a letter to the Bureau of Markets
and Crop Estimates, United
States Department of Agriculture, the
telephone company says that the bureau's
market reports relayed by the
St. Louis University by radiophone
are heard distinctly, and that it has
opeend a special radio office to han'11"
*>>? '"m-lf <i# fnciiiuino ?nrl
the messages to its subscribers. The
service has been widely advertised in
tht local newspapers, and not only
the farmers and shipping associations
but commercial business men as well
are keenly interested in it.
The company's radiophone receiving
office is 69 miles from St. Louis. Its
?,<">00 or more subscribers are located
' in 19 towns. The plan is that at certain
hours each day the subscribers
simply "listen in" on the wire as the
market reporis are read over the telephone.
It is also proposed by the
company to install a radiophone transmitting
set tr. relay the reports by
radiophone smaller receiving stations
in the surrounding territory.
An^ Illinois bank located 55 miles
from St. Louts has also informed the
bureau that it is receiving the market
and weather news regularly by radiophone.
The St. Louis University says
that many individuals, banks and other
commercial and agricultural agencies
are receiving the radiophone market
reports.
Horseshoes are not Quoits
Lincoln Neb.,* Sept. 13.?Lincoln's
city officials have deciflpd flfftt TvtffSeMioes
arc not quoits, and therefore
that pitching hprseshoe3 on Sunday
does not violate the city's Sunday observance
laws- These specifically
name pitching quoits Q3 unlawful.
Discussion in city council developed
that many of the city fathers did not
know what a pair of,quoits looked
like, while Citv. Commissioner John
Wright confessed *o being the premier
horseshoe pitch?r in Lincoln.
Advertise in The Times!
Sour Cream Dairying
Boosted by Southern
Atlanta, Ga.f Sept. 16.?Sour cream
dairying is being advocated by the
Development Service of the Southern
Railway System and the Mobile &
Ohio railroad as a means to enable
the average farmer of the South to
get away from the one crjp system
and attendant credit evils and at the
same time to improve hsi sod so ns
to grow staple crops more profitably.
"These results can be obtained
wherever farmers will take up dairying,
selling their cream and feeding
the skim milk to poultry and hogs,"
says General Agricultural Agent Roland
Turner. "This does not mean
that farmers should give up general
farming for dairying but that every
farmer should keep a few cows.
"Creameries at a number of srategic
points in the South are already operating
successfully, affording maikets
for cream to farmers within
shipping distance. The Development
Ccrvice of the Southern has assisted
in the establishment of a creamery at
Ashbarn, Ga.. to be opened October 1,
and it is hoped that the number of
milk cows cn Southern farms will be
increased sufficiently in the near future
to warrant the establishment of
creameries in other sections.
"C.eamery butter always commands
a good price and the market is at
hand. All the Southern Slates send
away every year thousands of dollars
for butter which should be produced
i.: the South."
Voyage of The Quest
London Sept. 13.?The voyage of
The Quest, the quaint little 200-ton
ship which is carrying Sir Ernest
Shackleton and his party to frozen
masteries in the South Polar Seas,
has for its objectives not only oceanographic
research but the exploration
of a petrified forest- and the location
_i i m 1?2 * i *
v?x ? iuji isiuiiu?luanaKi?me adjacent
v aters of which have not been
sailed for more than 90 years. In addition,
soundings will be taken of
the ocean plateau surrounding
Gough's Island in an effort to determine
the truth regarding a supposed
underwater continental connection between
Africa and America.
. Nineteen persons, representing
each of the British self-governing dominions,
are expected to be aboard
when the tiny but stanch craft,
"built for tight comers " leaves Capetown,
South Africa, for two years'
buffeting its way through the Antarctic
ice.
The Quest, which uses both sail and
steam, and which may cover more
than 30,000 miles before its return
home, was constructed according to
the personal ideas of Shackleton who,
has/made several voyages to the Antarctic.
He commanded the British
expedition of 1907-09, which reached
within 97 miles of the South Pole "
and also the expedition of 1914-15 to
Weddel Sea. His present ship is 111
feet.long, 25 foot beam and 12 feet
in depth. She was built in Norway in
1917 of oak, pine and spruce and has
been tested in heavy ice. Her sides
are two feet thick and her bows are
of solid oak sheathed with steel. Her
steaming radius is 9,000 miles and,
under sail, in a stiff breeze The
Quest can make eight knots. She
carries wireless equipment and an
airplane with a 25-foot wing spread.
She has a glass enclosed bridge and a
look out that resembles a flour barrel.
Major C. R. >Csrr? an English soldier
of fortune the aviator of the expedition,
plans to fly above the Antarctic
fogs to scout put passages between
the floes through which The
Quest may pass. He is also the
photoT'-mher and naturalist of the
expedition. The biplane he will use
is one of only three that were ever
built. The other two were flown, respectively,
by Colonel Borten, V. C.,
the pioneer flyer from England to
MpQnnffiViin onH Ktr Q J * Pnoo
the first man to fly from England to
Australia.
Other members of the Shackleton
party, besides those already mentioned,
include Frank Etild, second in
command; Frank Wors'ey, commander;
Major A. II. Macklin, biologist;
R. Stenhouse, lieutenant commander;
Captain L. llussey, meterologist; J.
S. W. Marr and N. E. Mooney, cabin
boys.
The petrified forest that will be explored
was found by Shackleton on
the island of Trinidad at a certain
point where he landed from Captain
Robert F. Scott's ship the Discovery,
more than 12 years ago. Gough's Island
is eight miles long and 4,000
feet high and in 1904, when Visited
for the first time o nrecoi-d'hymembers
of the Bruce expedft!Ori,"-*'W!?s
found to have at least four~hitherto
unclassified species of birdsA, ?Taunnki,
the "lost" island, has hAj^tittntioned
in old friautieal records but apparently
has disappeared. A spot in
the Pacific where it is supposed to be
will be dredged for evidence to show
that it is Recently submerged land.
There is already in the South Polar
Mnwlnn Hii
i C^IUIIO, anuiut'l JIJ.H19U rAfH'UIUUII.
It is led by Commander John L. Cope
who left- Norfolk, Va., on Oct. 27,
1920, for a six years' sojourn in the
ice fields. The party is aboard a
7,000 ton whaler, the Thor I, and
three auxiliary ships and numbers
more than 100 men. One of its purposes
is the commercial development
of the mineral wealth of Antaractica.
Home Given to
Widow by Friends
New Orleans, Sefit. 14."?;A home
constructed of materials donated by
builders' supply men on a lot purchased
with contributions from real
estate dealers, erected by union workmen
free of coat and furnished by
fuiTuttirc dealers with no hope of reward,
has been given Mrs. Frank O'Connor
and her nine children.
Frank O'Connor, the breadwinner
of, the family, was killed in a fall several
mohtjh*ago. When the family
lie left'was ontM' verge of being
evicted. The New Orleans Item heard
about their plight. The public response
was immediate.
I THE UNION COUNTY BAPTIST A
MEETS SEPT. 22-Z
WITH
SALEM CHURCH, SAN
The following is the suggested program:
First day?Denominational day. (Devote
eral interests of denomination.)
10:30?Devotional service, enrollment of
ganization.
11:00?Missions, State, Home and Foreigi
12:00?Report on 75 Million Campaign
work, including Stewardship and Church Effic
1:00?Adjourn for dinner.
2:00?Service of song.
2:10?Education, including Ministerial E
tional Commission and Institutions.
3:10?Benevolences, Orphanage, Hospital
ters.
4:00?Evangelism, "Everyone Win One,"
4:30?Miscellaneous business and adjourn
Second day?Associational day, (Devote
ciational interests.)
10:00?Devotional.
10:15?Sunday School, B. Y. P. U. and C
11:15?Woman's Work.
11:45?Religious literature.
12:15?Report of executive committee.
12:45?Miscellaneous.
1:00?Adjourn for dinner.
2:00 Sorvipp nf snnor
12:10?Digest of church letters, or sta
churches.
3:10?Public morals and law enforcement.
3:45?Laymen's work.
4:15?Miscellaneous and adjournment.
This is offered as a tentative program,
churches in the county are urged to send ful
to see that the letter is properly prepared a
first day of the meeting, or better still, send th<
Jeter, Santuc, at once,
f } EXECUTIVE (
nun QQWN ^e^erson Uavis Monument
^ , Louisville, Ky. Sept. 12.?Plans to
p ? |_J_ complete and dedicate the Jefferson
rv ^ ^ Davis monument next June have been
Jut Drag.? Cjurdui Built Mc abandoned in favor of running the
IT- " II, D#clirei shaft to 351 feet. This, which was
. the original height projected, will
KernertTllle, N. a?In an Interest make [t second only to the WashingIns
statement regarding Cardui, th? ton monument.
Woman's Tonle, Mrs. Wesley Mabe, of Dedication of this memorial to ihe
near here, reoently said: "I ban president of the Confederacy at his
known Cardui for years, but nerej home at Fairview, Ky., has accordingknew
Its wortk until a year or so age ly been set forward to an indefinite
I was In a weakened, run-down con date in the future. The monument is
dltlon. I became draggy?didn't eat oj now close to the 186 feet at which it
sleep to do any good; couldn't do any was proposed to halt it next spring,
thing without a great effort I trie* The Daughters of the Confederacy
different remedies and medlcluea, ye have undertaken to raise the sum
. . *_t?i necessary to finish the work. They
ad fW- wm I* realli are PlanninK to raise $20,000 with the
Tt m.d. ml t~\ much .Iron, of souvenir certificates at one
er soon after I began to use It I be },a ,eath- ?
gam to eat more, and the neryou* "It is true, says John H. Leathers,
weak feeling began to leare. Boon ) this city, treasurer of the Jefferwae
Bleeping good. son Davis Home Association, "that
"Cardui built mo up as no ?the in the minds of some of the veterans
tonle ever did. the opinion was expressed that it
"I used Cardui. with one daughtei might be best to run the monument
who was puny, fslt bad and tired ou* up as far as we could, then leave its
all the time. It brought her right out |completion to those who might take
and soon she was as well as a glr Up the work later on. This idea seemcould
be. We think there la nothinj c(j to meet with no favor especially
like Cardui." among the Daughters of (he ConfedDo
not allow yourself to beconn el.u.y. that loving, patriotic band of
weak and run-down from womanlj |)ol
>le women of the South, who said
wouM undertake to see the
iLfin ja if boo 1ia j i., monument completed,
more than 40 years It has been used D, n, T .u _ ._ _ . .. . ?.
hnuaonHo mrii OtAnontiMa Major leathers points out that the
just" as Mr*. MabT d^ribes. heaviest part of the expense of the
At your druggist'*. NO-14J monument lias already been met. In
its purchase of IS acres in Fairview
including the spot where Jefferson
Profit Sharing System Davis was born in turning the
5 o v grounds into a park and fencing it
with stone, and on the monument itTokyo,
Sept. 13.?The only satis- self, the home association has spent
factory solution of Japan's labor between $90,000 and $100,000, he nddtroubles
is regarded by Viscount, Tak- ed.
ahashi, minister of finance, as a prof- 1 * ' ~~
it sharing system, according to the Decrease in Population
Tokyo Asahi. In his plan the prof- _ ? , T . ,
tis of joint stock companies would oi lianama Islands
be equally distributed between the
management, the shareholders and Nassau, Bahamas, Sept. 1.?(By
the workers. Mail).?The Bahama Islands, the
The finance minister said that while British colony lying off the. Atlantic
the present troubles must be attnhut- coast, show a deccrease in population
ed to the introduction of foreign ideas durjng the iast ten years, principally
the relationship between labor and on account of emigration to Florida.
a ?"arc of the respon- jg firgt decijne jn numbers in
sibility must he with the capitalists rec0rded history of the colony,
who have not yet learned to appreci- census just announced places
ate the true value of labor but work population at 55,944, which marks
inconsiderately for the promotion of a det.r<,afle of 2 913 or 5.2 per cent
ml ?Wn 1interes*;?* , . since 1911. Demand for labor in the
The workmen he thought should United Stateg ig regarded as the
be made more familiar with tin cir- cause
cumRtances under which their em- Watlings Island, where Conlmbus
P ^U8,neSS !8vHnf: "inducted. is believed to have first set foot on
With the present high cost of living the Npw Wor,d ghowed an inrreaae
and the '"creasing difficulties of in p0pu)ation. Its total was 686 pcodruly
life that the people are facing, , or more than f
ho said it behooves boch employers ^ Bim-ni iriandB/where * mwh
and workers to be m?r, sormus and ? wag sent from tho Unitcd
redW m"' the States when it went dry. has a popucost
of nroductio^, ]ation of fi10 ppoplp an ip(,rease of
A1 ' 134 in the ten vears.
Olga Petrova was a newspaper re- .
porter before she became an actress. Advertise in The Union Times.
BHHBMHBHi
SSOCIATION
5
fTUC
id mainly to pendelegates
and or1.
and Conservation
iency.
Mucation, Educa- H
and Aged Minis Im
Campaign.
ment.
d mainly to asso- H
olportage. |
be of religion in fl
All the Baptist B
11 delegations, and H
nd sent in on the h
3 letter to Dr. J. T. B
COMMITTEE. B
Canal Should be
Under International Law
ci ? A 10 ^ ?
iumu, otpi. io.?ii me present
political situation in the Far East is
revised at the Washington conference
then earlier acts of powers affecting
the-Pacitic should also be reconsidered,
it is argued among Japanese publicits.
This follows Japan's contention
in its reply to the United States
that questions regarded as accomplished
facts should be avoided at the.
conference.
Professor Matsunami, an authority
on international law who was a delegate
to the Hague conference, insists,
for example, that the Panama Canal
should be placed under international
control for the benefit of the world.
He declares that if the conference
asks Japan to evacuate Siberia and
to abandon Korea and Formosa, then
it should also ask the United States
to return most of the United States
to the Indians and .grant independence
to Hawaii and the Philippines. Great
Britain, he added should then make
Canada and Australia completely
free Hongkong to China.
) Apprehensions of drastic revision
of Japan's position in the Far East
which are finding renewed expres- .
jsion are believed to be the inspiration
i of comments like these.
The Yorodzu says it is convinced
I that the conference will place Japan
| on the "chopping board." It foais
that the twenty-one demands on
China will be annulled and that Japan
will be forced to evacuate South
' Manchuria.
It attacks American annexation of
Hawaii and the occupation of the
Philippines, condemns British policies
tin India, South Africa and China and
! warns its million of readers that the
! white race looks upon 'he world as
| its exclusive possession and regards
colored people as brutes.
Japan therefore, the Yorodzu holds,
1 should take the offensive at the conI
ference and probe past acts cf the
, white nations in whose footsteps
J Japan merely followed.
Breaks Harvard Tradition
Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 17.?Dr.
Rowena Morse Mann, minister of the
Third Unitarian church in Chicago,
the first woman to receive a degree
ifrom the University of Jena in Germany,
has attained a new distinction.
When she appeared recently in the
pulpit of Appleton chapel ut Harvard
University to preach to the students
of the summer school she broke Harvard
tradition. Never before in the
nearly 300 years of the institution's
history has a woman conducted chapel
services. _
Expert girl wig-makers are paid
several dollars a gguare inch for their
' -hair work, each ha^ having to be
J knotted into nlace sennrately.
| It Pays To Advertise.