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$2.00 Per Year in Advance BAMBERG, S. C., THURSDAY, JULY 1,1920 Established in 1891 t FIGHT ILLITERACY IN SOUTH CAROLINA ?r~ "WRITE-YOUH-XAME-CLASSES" AXD "LAY-BY" SCHOOLS. Request People to Help. State Supervisor of Adult Schools Calls For Assistance From Citizens. Columbia, June 21.?In the fight against illiteracy in South Carolina by the state department of education, Miss Will Lou Gray, state supervisor of adult schools, calls^on the people of the state to see that the names of voters are signed to club rolls, instead of the "mark" of some of them being made. The people are called on to teach the illiterate voter how to write his name. Miss Gray says: "This campaign for a literate state being conducted by the state department of education and the illiteracy commission will be continued with increased vigor during the summer. The two outstanding features of the work will be the% organization of "Write-Your-Name-Classes" and of "Lay-by" schools: the first, for the purpose of teaching every voter to sign his name to the Democratic club rolls and the second, for the purpose of teaching at least ten thousand men and women to read and write. 1 'Assistance is Now Needed. X South Carolina, according to the rating by the Russel Sage Foundation ranks educationally lower than any state in the Union. This should not be and need not be provided the literate Dublic will lend its assistance to the State Department of Education and the Illiteracy Commission in the fight against ignorance. Every public Spirited man and woman of tho state, every one who has been blessed with an education and who has pride in his state, every teacher, every representative of the press, every minister of the gospel, every government employee every professional and business man, every farmer and mechanic, every mill president and superintendent, every chamber of commerce, every club secretary, ev^ry farmer's association, every fraternal, social . ,and religious organization is asked to lay aside selfish aims and to cooperate in working for a literate state. *The voters of the state are now being called upon to sign their names to the club rolls. What showing will your home school precinct make? Will it lower or raise the state's standard? In 1916 18 per cent, or 11,878 of the voters signed their names with a cross marK. win you help change conditions by organizing at once a "Write-Your-Name" class? The appeal is to all who have a pride in the state. The teaching can be done anywhere at any time. Advertise that the class will run three nights or three afternoons and that only men who have not had a chance to learn to tfrite will be admitted. If such a class is impossible we urge you to teach at least one voter to write his name and to encourage other public-spirited citizens to do the same thing. This is a great piece of constructive, patriotic service in which ail South Carolinians are asked to share. The "Lav-by" schools in which over 5,000 adults were enrolled last 'year will be reorganized in August. This month has been selected as the time best suited for the adults because then many of the best teachers in the state can be secured for one month's teaching and because that is the vacation month for the majority of the people. May Organize School. "Any teacher holding a valid teacher's certificate or any person recommended to the state superintendent of education in writing may organize a school. The schools may be taught at any time or any place. Th? minimum term will be twelve meetings of not less than one hour and a half per meeting. The maximum term will be twenty meetings. Teachers will be paid $1 per hour, provided at least ten pupils are enrolled with an average attendance of five. Any teacher may teach two separate groups in the same place or at two different places. No one group can be .taught longer than two and a half hours. It is possible by this plan for a teacher to make $100 for the scholastic month. l provided five hours of actual teaching | is done with an enrollment of twen1 tv pupils. K "If results from this campaign are ft to be secured each county should orW ganize for work at once. Eighteen P counties have already notified the REFUSED TO OBEY ORDERS. Mexican Aviators Declined to Perpetrate Barbarities. Mexico City, June 26.?By ordering bombardment of defenseless towns held by the Sonora revolutionists President Carranza lost forty of his fifty aviators, according to Lieut. Luis Preciado de la Torre, adjutant! of the First Flotilla of the .Mexican air service. "Capt. Liez Martinez and I issued a manifesto at Mexico City, declaring that we would not obey such orders which would mean the repititon of the aerial barbarities practiced by Germany upon the towns of Belgium,'' Lieut, de la Torre said today. "The towns we were ordered to bombard were Cuernavaca and Cuautla. Morelos, and other places in + 1-.0+ o-ir\n <?nrtiP nf lis. including Liia l w ^ ? . w myself, did fly over the places indicated. but we dropped our bombs where we knew they would do no harm.'' The air strength of the Mexican army consists of about sixty planes. In addition the service has about fifty-five motors, to be used in planes of .Mexican manufacture. A shipload of 150 horsepower Italian machines are en route to Mexico, according to Lieut, de la Torre. The Mexican aviation school, closed by Carranza about two months ago, will reopen shortly, according to the lieutenant. Seven thousand applications for enrollment have elready been received, despite the fact that rigid entrance requirements, tending to make aviation a professional career, have been established. Truth is Mightier Than Friction. Jim Carson, who practices law in Miami, Florida, and runs a citrus plantation on the side, was on his Way one day last summer from his home to his groves. On the road he overtook a lank native who seemingly was in a high state of indignation, muttering qc hft trudged along and LV-7 UliUOCii .-.v _ clenching and unclenching his freckled fists. ' Carson stopped and offered to give him a lift. "I ain't goin' so very fur," said the stranger as he climbed into the buggy alongside Carson, "but I can't git to i whar I'm goin' a minute too soon. ! There's a feller livin' down the road here a piece by the name of Ed Watts, an' jest this mornin' the word come to me that yistiddy, in town, he told a gang of fellers that I was a low-down hawg-stealin', wife-beatin', aig-suckin' cur dawg. "So I'm on my way to his place to settle it with him. When we git thar you better stop while I go in an' jest see what I'm goin' to do to him." Presently they came to a cabin set among'straggly fruit trees where a very large, very strong-looking man sat on a doorstep busily engaged in doing nothing at all. "Stop right here," commanded the aggrieved person. "Thar's that thar Watts yonder. Now, mister, you jest keep your eye on me!" From the buggy Carson watched while his late passenger dismounted and marched toward the front door of the cabin. At his approach the larger man straiffhtpnori lin to a height ot considerably more than six feet, at the same time moistening the palms of his two brawny hands after the approved fashion. The two men exchanged a few words; then with the air of having satisfactorily accomplished a difficult but necessary piece of business the invader turned about and returned to where the rig stood in the road. "Wall," he said, "that's all settled." "What happened?" inquired Carson. x "I axed him ef he'd said what them fellers told me he'd done said, and he come out like a man an' owned up that he had. Ef he'd a-denied it I'd a-beat him half to death." The Herald Book Store carries the largest stock of tablets, pencils memnr?on^nm knrtl-o o ti cohnnl Qiirtnliaa V/l UUUUU1 MVUllUy UAAV4 i**Bamberg county. state department that they plan to put on an intensive campaign. County organizers are being employed whose ! duty it is to work in cooperation with ! the county superintendent of educa! tion for the promotion of the work. ! The state pays the teachers but the | employment of an organizer must be j from local funds. The state department of education and the illiteracy commission stand ready to assist the individual counties in putting on the campaign, but there should be some local demand. For further information, write the State Department oi Education or the Illiteracy Commission, Columbia, S. C." THIS STATE LINES UP FOR PRESIDENT WILSON'S ENEMIES ARE KICKED 1 OUT. : ] Glass Leads Fight. % * ] Hoke Smith-Tom Watson and Reed i Factions Flan to Take Matter to ( Floo*'?Committee Unanimous. ] ~? i San Francisco, June 26.?Administration leaders won a sweeping victory in the Democratic national committee when when the body recognized the Palmer group of delegates i?i flirt r? rt rt r> or i r> rti-iY-1 frtC?* r> n /-I r* rt f 11 c rt el f rt I in ucuigia clulvj. i ciuov/u c<j give Senator James A. Reed, of Missouri, bitter opponent of the league of nations, a seat m the convention. The vote to keep Reed out of the convention was 34 to 12, and came after a long public hearing and an hour and a half of discussion behind closed doors. * Th? vote to seat the Georgia Palmer delegates was unanimous, forty-nine votes.being recorded in their faVor with four committeemen absent. The action of the national committee in the Georgia contest carries with it the reelection of Clark Howell as a member of the national committee, his delegates having selected him at the time they were named in Georgia. Th? votes by states on the rejection of Senator's Reed's claim to a seat in the convention was as follows: For Reed: California, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio?twelve. Against Reed: Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, t \ * Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Virginia, Wvomin O1 A 1 Q cL" ? > v aOLIili^lV-'U, f? J uiiiiuj-,, bVt i I Hawaii, Phillippines, Porto Rico?24. Frank Quinn, who held the proxy of F. B. Lynch, of Minnesota, refrained from voting because he expected to be a member of the credentials committee and would have to pass on the action of the national committee. ! Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, West Virginia, Wisconsin and District of Columbia were not recorded j as voting Before the voXe was taken Committeemen Moore, Ohio; Saulsbury, Delaware; Mullen, Nebraska, and Dockweiler, California, spoke in favor : of seating Reed. Gla.ss Opposes Missou**ian. Senator Glass, of Virginia,' made the principal speech against Reed and was supported by Committeemen Quinn, of Rhode Island; Jones, of New Mexico, and Titlaw, of Washington. N. E. Mack, of New York, in votng for Reed gave his reasons, and John W. Coughlin, of Massachusetts, explained his vote against Reed. The majority of the speakers on each side confined themselves to rec0 ords in the Reed .case, and the league of nations did not enter much into the discussiorf, according to some of the commmitteemen. Senator Glass "* ? 1J- ? snowea mucn ieeimg m ms sycc^u against Senator Reed, and ,because of his close connection with the President was regarded by some committeemen as reflecting the views of the White House. There was no discussion of the Georgia contest prior to the taking of the vote. Friends of Senator Reed announced that they will take his case to the credentials committee. In the meantime his seat will be held by James T, Bradshaw, his alternate. The Georgia contest will also go to the credentials committee, it was declared by M. J. Vereen, a member of the deposed group of delegates 1 - i who was to be tiie next national com-i mitteemen from Georgia if the Hoke I Smith-Tom Watson delegates had j won their fight before the committee. Chronometric Circumlocution. The city man was comparing his timepiece with the clock on the wall t of Zeke Sidebothem's cigar store. "Why that clock's crazy!" he ex-; claimed. "That there chronometer's right ! on the ball, stranger. Only it's a bit I i hard to read," Zeke explained. "It's i like this. When the hour hand says ten and the minute hand says four : and the clock, strikes nine. I know it's exactly fourteen minutes after I eight." i CHAKGE1) WITH ASSAULT. Uleged Principals Members of Prominent Families. Lexington, 'June 26. ? Charged with having criminally assaulted a roung white woman, the wife of a Lexington county man, Warren C. Yonce, a young farmer and member of a prominent Lexington family, -syas lodged in the county jail at noon today by Sheriff Sim J. .Miller. The ^rime is alleged to have been committed yesterday afternoon, when, it is claimed, Yonce was requested to take the young woman to the home of her father. While on the way, it is said, he forced the young woman to leave the machine and then assaulted her. When she reached her father's home, it is said, that she told of the aiiegea assault gna mat an investigation was made. Relatives came to Lexington at 4 o'clock this morning and told Sheriff Miller of the alleged deed. Yonce denies emphatically that he committed the crime or that he even placed his hands on the young woman. He calims that it is a "put up game" and that he will be able to establish his innocence. The defendant is married and has several children. His accuser is prominently connected in the county.^ ORIGIN OF OLD CUSTOMS. Most of Them Mark Back to Events of Significance. When some illustrious person dies, flags are lowered to half-mast. If the average man in the street was interrogated for an explanation he would wmaLa Vv1?t 4 4- -rfrrt r. -inn 4- +Vi /\ cm o 1 pi uuaui,y bay il was just mc uoua-j. custom. However, there is a distinct meaning in this, for the space above is left for the flag of the Angel of Death. Again, 'a ship is invariably spoken of as of the feminine gender; this is traced to the ancient Greeks, who jailed all ships feminine names, out of respect to Athene, Goddess of the Sea. Friday is believed to be an unlucky day by those who are superstitious. It is derived from the fact it was the day of Our Lord's Crucifixion as well as the one on which Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit. ' ! Few, perhaps are aware why a weather-cock is frequently attached to a church steeple. This is believed to remind people of Peter's denial of Our Savior. Jurnalists are spoken of as "members of the Fourth Estate." Burke is generally credited as being the originator of the phrase, for while addressing Parliament one day he said there were three branches of government, the king, the house of lords, and the house of commons, the Three Estates; but, turning round to the reporters' gallery, he added, "There sits the Fourth Estate, far more important than the others." The barber's pole has also a curious history. In other times barbers were also surgeons and practiced the art of phelbotomy, and a pole was- given to the patient to hold in his hand in order to let the blood run more freely. The pole should^have a line of blue paint, one of red, and one of white, winding round its length, blue representing the blood in the veins, red the blood in the arteries, and white the bandages. "Uncle," adopts his familiar sign of three balls owex his shop, because the balls form part of the old Arms of Lombardy, ^he people there being the first pawnbrokers in existence. It is a common belief that peacock's feathers are unlucky. This is due to the tradition that the bird opened the Gate of Paradise to the serpent. The nick in a coat has been a puzzler to many. It is said to date back to the time of Napoleon. A general named Moreau had many followers, but they were afraid to openly express sympathy with him. %It was therefore agreed to put' a nick on their coats as a secret sign. The letter M can be seen in the lapel representing the initial letter of the general's name. The word "tip" finds its origin in the fact that restaurant keepers used to place a box with a slit in it, with the words, "To insure promptness," the initials of which spell the now familiar term for gratuity.?Edinburg Scotsman. ? ) A live-wire suburban storekeeper got into legal difficulties, and it was rumored that he might have to give up his business. Tn order to hold his customers, therefore, he placed in the window a placard reading: Business as Usual During Altercations. DEMOCRATS MEET IN SAN FRANCISCO MIGHTY OUTBURST GREETS WILSON'S NAME. A Lively Gathering. c (Trainman Cummings's Speech Brings Delegates to Feet with Shouts of Approval. i Sail Francisco, June 28.?From the shadow of the Golden Gate the hosts of Democracy sent a roaring tribute across the country to President \Vilson. The national convention flung aside for the moment the business before it^while deletes carried on a demonstration that swept the great gathering off its feet. It was* a half hour before the outburst evoked by a sudden display of President Wilson's portrait could be stilled. ^Again and again as his name was^mentioned the cheers broke out anew, to culminate in the shout of approval that adopted and sent to the White House tonight a striking testimonial of his party's faith and pride in the man who has led it through troublous years. Arrangements for the first national political convention to be held in the far west has been well made. The great hall, its clean architectural lines almost unmarred by added decorations, was ready, and through a dozen wide entrances thousands poured in with little display of congestion. They j found a wide octagon space Awaiting them, with $ massive organ rearing its stockade of pipes above the platform, and the other sides rising to a far line of seats under high windows framing squares of California's bluest t skies. Quiet Dignity to Scene. In the center of the hall, where sat railpri within a wide square of seats, an inner ceiling was suspended, colored in soft, old blue that rested the eye and lent something of quiet dignity to the scene." Below a forest of standards bearing the names of states and territories was the only reminder of national conventions of the past. Perched high Reside the organ, in a special galler^, a military band whiled away the time. As the noon hour and the opening time approached a color guard of marines appeared on the platform. A six-foot sergeant, with the gleaming folds of a regimental flag in his hand, made a vivid spot of color on the platform. At his side stood, the armed non-commissioned officers of the color guard, and with them two marine buglers. The Uproar's Cause. "What was all dat tr.ansplavicatin1 and gwine-on at de chapel last night, sah?" "We done had fi' minutes o' silent pra'r, sah," replied good old Parson Bogus, "who am blessed wid mo zea] dan sense, thought of something sc fittin' to denunciate to de Lawd rbou1 Goat Simmons, de gamblin' man, ha1 he wanted de whole cong'egation tc hear it too.' So he hollered it right ou1 - ?? -i - e loud, and aar was a cuurus m auicus fum' most everybody but Bruddei Goat. It was too '^ropriate to be pleasant to him. Stidder which he done fell upon Brudder Bogus, and il took mighty nigh all de rest of us tc pry him loose and exterminate hin into disquietude. Dat, sah, goes tc prove dat when yo' pray, and ee-specially when yo' wants to read a blockshaped brudder's title cl'ar, yo bettei go into yo' closet, like de Scriptei says, and dar suppercate in secret." Liked to be Kissed. A young woman, anxious to do wai work, decided to cheer the wounded soldiers in the hospitals. "How many Germans did you conquer?" she asked the first man sht came to. "Five," he replied. "And how did you do it?"' she askI r^A ' With my right hand," he answered. "You are a hero," she cried, "and I am going to kiss that hand five times!" The rest of the ward had been listening with interest, and at the next cot was an Irishman- who instantly answered her query, "Twenty-foive," he replied. "The lady looked somewhat nonplussed, but nevertheless asked, "How?" "I bit them," he said. HELD OX SERIOUS CHARGE. Henry Rarr Arrested for Alleged Attempted Criminal Assault. * sJj Lexington, June 28.?Henry Barr, a young white farmer of the Pelion section of this county, was lodged ill jail at an early hour this morning, charged with attempted criminal assault on a young white woman of'that section. Neighbors of the woman heard screams last night and went to her rescue, and after hearing of her trouble summoned Deputy Sheriff T. D. Lucas. He arrested Barr and brought him to the county jail. It is claimed that Barr was under the influence of whiskey at the time he attempted the crime. This is the sec .ond crime of this nature in this immediate section in the last two days. Topping Tobacco. Clemson College, .June 25.?Tobacco under proper conditions grows very rapidly and soon forms seedpods that have to be pinched out. This ' is called "topping." As uniform maturity is desired, it is well to allow a large portion of the seed buds to . form, perhaps now and then allowing one to bloom, before commencing to pinch them out. Experience is the only teacher in this case, says R. E. Curriri in Extension Bulletin 43, To- \ bacco Culture in South Carolina. Taking everything into consideration, it is advisable to top "too high" rather than "too low." In other words, it is \ best tew leave too many leaves on the plant to mature than too few. On ? ' ordinary land, with ordinary fertilization, from twelve to sixteen leaves may be left. On richer or more highly fertilized land, more leaves should be left to mature. After topping has commenced, it' should be continued until all of the plants are topped; and, as the aim . of topping is to get the tobacco to mature uniformly, the small, yellow j and late plants should be topped ' - '% 1 k lower than the early and more vigorous ones. * v' As soon as topping is begun, "suckers" will form in the axils of the leaves. These suckers must not be allowed to develop, and must be pulled off as fast as they get large enough, or else the tobacco plants will be re- ' tarded in their full development of leaves. It is surprising how fast these, suckers will grow. Generally from two to three suckers will have to be removed from the axils of each. KEEP THEM OFF. Tried to Be of Assistance. ? ' Ji! "That seat is taken!" snapped the stout old gentleman in the railway carriage, when the youth sought to move a handbag from the opposite 1 seat. "My?er?friend will be hack presently." , The youth murmured an apology and went out, only to hang about the ' door. Time passed. Presently the guard blew his whistle and the train > started to move. With a bound the / lad was back to the carriage and had : thrown the bag on the platform. '{mm 1 "How dare you,,sir!" gasped the I old gentleman. "What did you do * that for?" : "Well," said the lad sweetly, "your - friend^has lost his train, and I didn't ] want him to lose his bag as well." t -... -? i * Already Doomed. \ ?? i The Fool Killer stopped a pair of i promising subjects, and, taking a : fresh grip on his bludgeon, demanded > whither they were bound. l "I go," answered the first, "to the > dells and dingles to pick mushrooms - for my own delectation." "And I," explained the other, "am * on my way to meet a low-browed person from whom to purchase for three dollars half a pint of bone-dry liquor of his own concocting." "Pass, on, tents!" said the Fool Killer. "It is unnecessary for me tu waste time on either of you." A Stern Critic of Education. The teacher had sent numerous ? notes in vain endeavor to get Johnny bathed and cleaned un. There was no reply and no visible improvement in the boy's appearance, until at last the mother, driven to desperation, sent the teacher a 1 ong letter saying, among other things: I "What is it to the teachers whether s the children in their schools have a bath once a day or once a week, or once a month or once a year? They : are washing the SAP all out of the r children, and that is how so much tuberculosis gets started." ubsc'riptions expiring July 1 will , be discontinued next week unless re- / newal is received before the next issue. , . . V