The Bamberg herald. (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, November 20, 1919, SECOND SECTION PAGES 9 TO 12, Image 9
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SECOsEcnoN lamforg irralii PA<fTOi2
$2.00 Per Year in Advance BAMBERG, S. 0., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 20,1919. Established in 1891
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PEANUTS PROFITABLE ( HOP
TO BEAT BOLL WEEVIL.
(Continued from page 1, column 6.)
the examples of their white neighbors,
and profited immensely by so
C4 doing.
The situation is different in lower
South Carolina, as there are probably
three colored farmers to one white
farmer, and perhaps one third of the
_'White farmers do not live on their
farms, but in town or city on account
of educational and other advantages
not to be found in the rural districts.
It will therefore be more difficult
to change our system of farming than
* the Alabama farmers found it, but
It must be done, and will be done.
The only question is: Will it oe Defore
we lose acrop or iwo of cotton?
Or, will we bear out t^e belief of at
least one man who said that "farmers
as a general rule have aot enough
v sense to stop planting everything in
cotton until the boll weevil has eaten
up a crop or two for them and forced
them to diversify?" That is rather
a slander on the farmers of this section,
in the opinion of the writer, for
from conversation with many farmers
one draws the conclusion that
our folks want to substitute other
crops for cotton, in part at least.
What most farmers want to know
^ now is, what crop to plant in place ofj
cotton. Probably we can draw some
. helpful conclusions from other sections
that have passed through the
same conditions that confront us.
Experience has taught the Alabama
farmer that the following plan for the
* average farm is most profitable.
. On a one horse farm five or six
acres is planted in cotton. Ten acres
is planted in corn, with velvet beans
and peanuts planted in alternate
corn middles. The balance of the
acreage is planted in peanuts, to be
harvested as a money crop.
Taking up each of these crops in
detail may be of interest, showing
the exact method followed in Alabama.
' First, Cotton. The land that is to
be planted in cotton is broken with a
two horse plow as early in winter as
possible. All of the fertilizer is put
. under the cotton, and none used 'as a
top dresser. ,There were some variations
of opinions about top dressing,
but the concensus of opinion was that
the plant must be rushed to fruition
as rapidly as possible. The seed are
planted as early in March as seasonable
conditions permit. The crop
is plowed every week or as often as
it may be done without injury to the
plants. With only five or six acres
of cotton it is not difficult to plow
, frequently.
Under weevil conditions the most
important feature of cotton growing,
presupposing the early planting of the
seed, is to pick up and bum every
cotton square and form that falls
to the ground. This should be done
*at least once each week, until it be'v
comes a physically impossible task
to pick up all of the squares and
forms that fall. This will be in July
x some time. The reason why it is important
and necessary to burn the
fallen squares and forms is because
r each one contains a grub, which will
hatch out a boll weevil in a week or
two. if not destroyed. Each weevil
lays hundreds of eggs, and it is easily
conceivable that a single pair of
them may be the progenitors of several
thousand weevils. It seems likewise
important to turn under the cotton
stalks as soon as the crop is gathered,
for by so doing the food supply
of the weevil is destroyed, and winter
quarters also. All fence rows, ditch
j banks and hedges should be cleared
up and burned early in the fall, thus
destroying winter quarters for the
weevils.
Using this method a farmer may
get two-thirds to three-quarters of a
normal crop of cotton; not using it,
* " ? fA nno.half
O0 may gtJl uue-quanci ?.v/ u^v
but he may not get any at all.
Second, Corn. The farmers of lower
South Carolina are probably as
familiar with planting corn with
velvet beans and peanuts in alternate
middles, as are the farmers
of other sections, so we will
omit a detailed description of the
handling of this crop, pausing only
to say that the corn acreage should
be determined by the number of hogs
it is desired to fatten on the peanuts
and beans in the corn middles. It may
be well to mention that the Alabama
farmer does not pull fodder, as
the hay from, his peanut crop gives
him a superabundance of palpable,
nutritious forage.
Th;rd, Peanuts. Some details of
the Alabama method of handling the
peanut crop will be given, as it has
not been generally grown in this
State as a crop to be harvested and
sold. A few of our farmers in this
section for years Have harvested peanuts
for sale. On the farms of Mr.
John H. Cope, the well known banker
and cotton mill man, of Bamberg,
white Spanish peanuts have been
planted following oats, in the regular
rotation of crops, and as evidence
that these crops are profitable, it
r>eds but be said that although cotton
has been bringing 30 cents to 35
cents per pound, Mr. Cope has adhered
to his usual system.
We will subdivide the subject of
peanuts as follows: A. Preparation
of seed bed. B. Planting and cultivation.
. C. Harvesting. D. Marketing.
E. Miscellaneous.
A. Preparation of seed bed. The
land to be planted in peanuts is
broken with a two horse plow early
in the winter, January or February.
Some time before time to plant the
seed nuts, rows are laid off with an
eight inch round point or shovel plow
These rows are usually three feet
apart, although some farmers prefer
the rows only two and one-half feet
wide when planting the white Spanish
variety of nut. The nuts are not
to be planted in these furrows, but!
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' in the middles between the furrows,
and it is advisable to run a spring
! tooth or peg harrow up and down
these middles, so as to free seed beu
j from clods and grass or weeds. Eitli'er
before, or at the time of planting,
ithe fertilizer to be used is put down
! with an ordinary distributor in a furI
row made with a five inch shovel
i plow.
j Experiments have established the
j fact that three or four hundred
| pounds of acid phosphate, and half
as much ammonia in some form, is
j most profitable. Five or six hundred
j pounas per acre 01 a sianuaru icrujlizer
should make a good crop of
I peanuts, if lime in some form is also
jused. It is necessary to use lime in
jsome form, and experience has dejtermined
that there is no better form
| of lime than land plaster for peanuts.
If lime is not used, the crop may contain
a large number of half filled
nuts, or there will be lots of pops;
shells without kernels. The writer
; believes that the best form of lime
'is Phospho Land Plaster, and this
'belief is founded partly upon personal
experience, partly upon letters
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The Roac
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[TOO expect a bad road to ride
L until the introduction ot
pringbase.
Overland 4 does not change 1
lange the manner in which yo
ives you comfort instead of di:
du a smooth, sailing sensation
ad swaying.
The Diagonal attachment ol
ver Springs at the ends of a 130-i;
?ng wheelbase road steadiness,
retains all the advantages?lig
nyj and caseofhandling, of 100-in
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recounting experimental work, and
partly upon what other users of land
plaster have told him. There are
many farmers who state that by using
! land plaster they make sound, full
| peanuts, but mak? "pops'" where not
I used. My personal experience in the
! use of land plaster may be of interest
: to farmers, for it was used on my
! farms largely in the place of acid
j phosphate, and this fertilizer seems
j very hard to secure this year. Until
11918 the usual mixtures of fertilizers,!
including acid phosphate, were used,;
! with varying degrees of success, but j
j in that year, half of the acid was i
; dropped from the mixture, and land;
i plaster used instead. The fertilizers |
iused for cotton per acre were: two
; hundred pounds of acid, four hun-;
jdred pounds of meal, and four hun-!
' dred pounds of land plaster, with a
top dressing of nitrate of soda. The
land nlaster was used on the advice
! of a farmer living in Orangeburg |
!county, who had experimented with;
; iti
In th-e fall of 1918 the largest crop .
lever grown on these farms was har-;
| vested. One farm made 125 bales of
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Point Cantil<
: as it looks* It did, Th
the Overland 4 comfort
which L
die road, but it does
u can nde on it. It
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nch Springbase gives Lite oti
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J. B. BRICKL
BAMBERG, S. C
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'W'SSS'B^
BMMHMKMOTk X
cotton, and the largest preceding crop
was 84 bales.
In 1919 no acid was used, and the
second largest crop ever made on
these farms is being gathered. As
| acid may be difficult to obtain, this
i information about land plaster is given
for what it may be worth.
Undoubtedly peanuts may be made
by using some standard fertilizer, or
by using acid and some form of
ammonia and lime in liberal quantities.
If land plaster is used, put
half under the crop mixed with the
| other fertilizer, and broad cast the
balance on top of the plants just as
they begin to flower and send down
"pegs."
Any amount will do some good, but
from five hundred to eight hundred
pounds of land plaster, and about
five to six hundred pounds of mixed
fertilizer, per acre, probably will be
lil U o L yiUHLclUlC.
B. Planting and cultivation. In
response to inquiry the farmers of
Alabama almost without exception,
stated that the Cole Peanut planter,
equipped with peanut plates, proved
most satisfactory, cracking less seed,
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Overland 4
sver Springs
is means an altogether new star
a noteworthy reduction in the
essens the efficiency of a car. T1
iger life to every part and thus
id replacement costs.
*es wear longer because cush
ring blows. Light weight means
gas, oil and running expense.
erland 4's equipment is complei
irting and Lighting to Demoun
me in and see this remarkable
. Overland 4 Touring, $845; R
$1325; Sedan, $1375. Prices f
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and giving the best stand. Plates
for planting either shelled or unshelled
nuts may be obtained.
The farmers seemed to be divided
as to the advisability of planting
shelled and unshelled nuts. If the
nuts are planted in the shell, they
should be soaked in water for twentyfour
hours preceding planting. If
shelled nuts are to be planted most
of the Alabama farmers seemed to
f think that hand shelling injured less
, nuts and gave a better stand than was
the case with machine shelled, nuts/
! although there may be machines that
I will do the work satisfactorily.
The actual planting is done with a
j planter, following a sweep that is run
! flat over the fertilizer furrow. This
j makes the seed bed in a slight degression,
and as previously stated, it
lies between the furrows that are
i made with the eight inch shovel
. plow.
If white Spanish nuts are planted
the rows may be either thirty or
thirty-six inches wide, and the nuts
J are planted eight to twelve inches
j (Continued on page 12, column 1.)
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