Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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pry; m ^ \ t , \ I 77Zir?7Zri I HOLD YOUR COTON ' t'iWS Slip Hamliprg iifrali) "SS1 $2.00 Per- Year in Advance. BAMBERG, S. C., THURSDAY, APRIL 17,1919. Established in 1891. ~ 1 k, ? SYNOPSIS OF THE LEAGUE COVENANT ^ STATE MAY WITHDRAW OX GIVIXG TWO YEARS' NOTICE. Two-thirds Vote Admits Mandatories of German Colonies and Territories of Ottoman Empire to Be Handled By States Willing. Paris, April 12.?An official sum9 mary of the revised covenant of the league of nations issued tonignt makes specific mention of the Monroe Doctrine, with respect to its bearing on the future activities of the league. It says: A "The covenant does not affect the validity of international engagements such as treaties of arbitration or regional understandings like the Monroe Doctrine, for securing the maintenance of peace/' The league, says the statement, will include all belligerent and neu tral States named in a document an^ nexed to the covenant, and "in the future any self-governing country ^ whose admission is approved by twothirds of the States already, mem, bers of the league." Right to Withdraw. Providing it has kept its obliga* - tions, a State may withdraw from the league on giving two years' notice * and States which signify their dis^ sent from amendments approved by all the States on the council and a majority of those in the assembly, are not flf>und by them, but, in such case, cease to be members of the league. Mandatories for tne uerman colonies and the territories of the Ottoman empire are provided. These colo. nies and territories are to be administered by States willing to be mandatories of the league, which will exercise general supervision. Summary of Covenant. Following official summary of the ^ covenant of the league of nations was issued this afternoon: "'<1) This league of nations is founded in order to promote internation cooperation and to secure peace. The league will include. "(a) The belligerent States named in a document annexed to the covenant. "(b) All the neutral States'sc named and (c) in the future anj f * self-governing country, whose admission is approved by two-thirds of the States already members of the - league. "A State may withdraw from the league, providing it has kept its obligations to date, on giving two years x notice. ? (2) The league will act through an assembly comprising not more than three representatives of each ol the member States, each State, having ^ only one vote, and a council comprising for the present one representa* tive of the five great powers anc ' each of four other powers as selectee from time to time by^he assembly. RAnrASAn ta'ti on. "The. number of powers of eacl class represented on the council ma3 be increased by the unanimous con ^ sent of the council and a majoritj of the assembly. Other powers hav* the right to sit as members of tb< council during the decision of matters in which they are especially interest ed. m "In the council as in the assembly each State will have only two votes Both these bodies are to meet a stated intervals (the council at leas once a year) and at other times i required; both can deal with any mat ter that is of international interes or that threatens the peace of thi world; the decision of both must b< unanimous, except in certain specifiei cases, matters of procedure, for in stance, being decided by a majorit: L vote. "The league will have a permanen secretary at, under a secretary gen eral. The secretary, and other bod ies under the league may includ women, equally with men. A perma nent court of international justice an< various permanen? commissions am bureaus are also to be established. "(3) The member States agree: Reduction of Armament, "(a) To reduce their armaments plans for such reduction being su? gested by the council, but only adopt ed with the consent of the State themselves, and thereafter not to in crease them without the concurrenc of the council. "(b) To exchange full informa tion of their existing armies and thei BRIDE-ELECT SAILS. Comes on Troop Ship as a Negro Stevedore. New York, April 13.?The trans, ports K. I. Luckenbach, Turrilba and Hisco arrived here today from France, bringing 2,509 officers and enlisted men, eighty-eight army i nurses and one "negro stevedore," who proved en route to be Mile. AlcxI andria Boyer, of Marseilles, brideelect of Michael Black, of Muncie, Ind., a first-class boatswain's mate. Mile. Bover traveled incognitio for the first two days until, according to soldiers on the Luckenbach, she be, came seasick and so pale that the . heavy coating of burnt cork failed j , longed to deceive the boat's officers. | . She made the rest of the trip in the \ isolation ward and was turned over j to immigration officials on her arriv, al. Her fiance, who arrived in the brig, asserts the marriage, which was , blocked in France by lack of time to , go through the French "red tape," will be solemnized as soon as he can persuade immigration officials to release, her and naval authorities to release him. * l?> Governor Cooper's Staff. Columbia, April 10.?Governor R. A. Cooper announced today that his personal staff will consist of officers and enlhsted men, the enlisted men in the majority, selected from South ' Carolina members of the American expeditionary forces. The Governor's staff will consist of forty officers witn tne ranK or lieutenant coionei. , naval and military programmes. "(c) To respect each others territ tory and personal independence, and to guarantee them against foreign aggression. "(d) To submit all international 1 disputes either to arbitration or to inquiry by the council, which latter, however, may not pronounce an opin\ ion on any dispute whose subject matter falls solely within a State's domestic jurisdiction; in no case to i go to war till three months after an award, or an unanimous recommendation has been made, and even then i not to go to war with a State which accepts the award as recommenda, tion. "(e) To regard a State which has 1 broken the covenant as' having com mitted an act of war against the league, to break all economic and other relations with it and to allow p free passage through their territo ries to the troops of those States i which are contributing armed forc^ > on behalf of the league. The council is to recommend what amount ? of force, if any, should be supplied by several governments concerned, J but the approval of the latter is necessary. (States not members of the i league will be invited to accept the i obligations of the league for the t purpose of particular disputes, and if they fail to comply may be forced.) "(f) Not to consider any treaty binding until it has been communicatl ed to the league, which will then I proceed to publish it, to admit the right of the assembly to advise the reconsideration of treaties and ini ternational conditions which do not 7 accord with present needs, and to be - bound by no obligations inconsistent 7 with the covenant. i Expulsion, s 'V4. state which breaks its agree> ments may be expelled from the - league by tho council. "(4) Th'o covenant does not af> feet the validity of international en gagements, such as treaties of arbit tration or regional understandings t like the Monroe Doctrine, for securf ing the maintenance of peace. "fRI Tho form or fiormnn c.nlo t nies and the territories of the Otto5 man Empire are ^o be administered b in the interests of civilization by 1 States which are willing to be manda tories of the league, which will exerF cise a general supervision. "(6) The member States accept t certain responsibilities with regard - to labor conditions, the treatment of - natives, the white slave traffic, the b opium traffic, the arms traffic with - uncivilized and semi-civilized counS tries,, transit and conditions, public 4 health and Red Cross societies. "(7) The league is recognized as the central body interested in coordinating and assisting international activities generally. "(8) Amendments to the coven> ant require the approval of all the s States on the council and a simple - majority of those in the assembly, e States which signify their dissent from amendments thus approved are l- not bound by them, but, in this case, r cease to be members of the league." HUGE CORPORATION FOR COTTON EXPORT COMMITTEE PLANS HUNDRED MILLION DOLLAR CONCERN. Move Result of Meeting System Originally Suggested by W. P. G. Harding to Become Effective. Memphis, April 10.?The committee appointed at today's conference of producers, factors and bankers to take up plans for organization of a cotton exnort corporation tonight decided on a capitalization of $110,000,000 instead of $50,000,000 as originally suggested by W. P. G. Harding, governor of the federal reserve board, and selected a subcommittee to develop the idea in detail. The subcommittee was instructed to make a comprehensive study of the functions and scope of the proposed corporation and report to the full committee, which then will complete the organization and dispose of the stock in the South for cash and Liberty bonds it was announced. A statement issued by the committee declared "it is no part of the intention of ^he organization to demoralize or interfere with existing business properly conducted, but to use the great power of the organization for the creation of better and more economical marketing and distribution facilities for cotton." The subcommittee includes Gov. R. G. Pleasant, of Louisiana; Senator Robert L. Owen, Oklahoma, former Senator Percy, Mississippi; W. B. Thompson, New Orleans; George W. Rogers, Little Rock, Ark.; John F. Scott, Houston, T&xas; Dr. H. Q. Alexander, Matthews, N. C.; R. M. Maddox, Atlanta; L. B. Jackson, Atlanta; F. M. Crump, Memphis; E. W. Dabbs, Mayesville, S. C.; and M. C. Allgood, Montgomery, Ala. Committee at Work. Ttie committee wmcn Degan us work on adjournment of the conference was instructed to notify Gov. R. G. Pleasant, of Louisiana, chairman of the convention who also heads the committee when its work is completed so he can call another conference to act on its programme for organization of the corporation. It. was originally understood that the committee would report at the acreage reduction conference to he held at New Orleans next month, but it was decided to receive the report at another meeting to be called for that purpose in order not to confuse the two movements. Mr. Harding and Senator Robert L. Owen, of Oklahoma, who addressed the conference at the morning session on the. expert proposal remained in Memphis until late tonight to assist the committee in its preliminary work. Mr. Harding at the afternoon session read a telegram from the counsel of the federal trade commission giving his opinion that the plan as previou^y outlined to him by the resereve board head would violate no law. J. S. Wannamaker, president of the South Carolina Cotton Associa tion, tnen reaa a leiegrauu nuui uuv ernor Allen, of Kansas, attacking the legality of tlie cotton reduction movement and of the plan for an organization of an export corporation. Governor, Brougk, of Arkansas, in a brief address indorsed the project and scored what he termed "an attempt by the governor of another State to wave the bloody shirt." "It ill-behooves the governor of a State, the price of whose wheat has been fixed by the United States government at $2.26 a bushel, which will be paid partly by the consumers ol the South, to criticise the South fot a movement which is not only in the interest of its own salvation but ol the entire country," Governor Brough said. Would Be Permanent. Mr. Harding in his address, after explaining his proposal in detail de clarea thp export corporation snouic not be considered an emergency measure but should be organized witt the intention of becoming a permanent institution for the benefit of the three basic factors of the cotton industry?the producer, buyer anc banker?this should have sufficienl capitalization to be impressive throughout the world. He said the corporation should own ships anc that its stock should be exchangee for liberty bonds to the people in the South only. Senator Owen declared that "prob LIFE SENTENCE FOR NEGRO. i Thirteen Year Old Defendant Guilty of Attempted Assault. Walterboro, April S.?Laurie Rhodes will spend the term of his natural life in the State penitentiary or upon the public works of Colleton county as a result of an attempted criminal assault upon a young white girl near Lodge in upper Colleton. The fact that the negro was so young and that he was discovered before he had accomplished his purpose caused the jury which tried him to take a merciful view of the case. Perhaps the largest crowd of spec tators ever assembled at court here were in attendance upon the session of the court which tried Laurie Rhodes, who gave his age as 13 years, here Monday. Special Judge Edward Mclver presided. The trial consumed the day and was most interesting in detail. Every witness was listened to with intense interst, and especially the little girl who testified. The story of the crime was briefly as follows: On March 8, the victim of the assault, a 12 year old girl, was sent to Lodge by her mother to find her brother who had gone there earlier in the day. She found her brother, who was with a companion, and was sent by him back home alone. She was on her way and had passed near the home of the negro, even asking his mother to go with her across a branch which was near the house. The mother declined to go as she had supper ready. The girl went on alone. When some distance from the home the boy overtook her and threw her to the ground, choking 1 her and trying to smother her screams. Her father, who had started from his home to find the children, heard the screams and rushed to i where the negro and his little girl i were. The negro, seeing him coming, ran. The father ran after him for a : short distance and then returned to assist his daughter to his home. A i neighbor was dispatched to Lodge for ; a physician, Dr. W. W. Moorer, who i came and examined the girl. He tes- j tified that he found her suffering j from shock and that she had been ; choked, the throat being red and , swollen. There was blood on the clothing of the girl. The defendant denied everything. : He said he did not- molest the girl and was not guilty. No other witness was examined for the defense. Solicitor George Warren prosecuted the nfegro. M. P. Howell was apj pointed by Judge Mclver to defend the negro and did the best he could for him. The jury were out threequarters of an hour and upon its return Judge Mclver pronounced the life sentence. The grand jury were only a few minutes bringing in a true bill. DEBS STARTS TO PRISOX. To Begin Sentence for Violation of Espionage Act. Cleveland, Ohio, April 13.?Eugene V. Debs, many times candidate for President on the Socialist ticket, gave himself up to the federal authorities here this morning and a few hours later started for the federal prison at Moundsville, West Virginia, in charge of United States Marshal Charles W. Lapp, to begin serving his ten-year sentence for violation of the Espionage Act. The party will reach Moundsville late tonight if the necessary transportation connections can be made. Debs was found guilty by a federal [ court jury here on September 12 last on charges of violating the Espionage Act by making utterances against the government in a speech at Canton, 1 Ohio. I ably within another week peace will : be declared, "and urged organization l of the corporation among other reas } sons, to Help restore normal conai: tions throughout the world and therel by wipe out Bolshevism." When Europe gets back to a normal basis, declared the senator, who recently re turned to the United States after - studying the foreign financial and L commercial situation and the masses - are actively employed in productive i labor, Bolshevism will pass away. Representative E. S. Candler, of i Mississippi, also made a brief address. - Other prominent delegates from MIsl sissippi included former Senator Let roy Percy and Representative H. D. } Stephens. ) Senator Kenneth McKeller, of Tenl nessee, in his welcoming address, I urged removal of the export embargo } and with several of the other speakers, establishment of an American I merchant marine, ; I / ro PAY HUNDRED BILLION MARKS FIXAL FIGURES OX REPARATIOX GIYEX OFT BY ALLIES. Divided in Three Sums After Paying the Hundred Billion There Will Be Other Billions for Germans to Pay. Paris, April 14.?One Hundred billion gold marks is the amount German v must nav the Allied and asso ciated governments for' losses and damage caused in the war, plus other bullions to be determined by a special commission on which Germany is to be represented. This is the final and definite conclusion which has been reduced to writing after weeks of negotiation wrhich took a wide range and involved frequent changes and modifications. The payment of the hundred billion gold marks is to be divided into three distinct amounts, as follows: First, twenty billion within two years. Second, forty billion during thirty years beginning 1921. Third, forty billion when a commission shall determine how it shall be done. In view of the fluctuations through which the negotiations have passed, an authorative statement was obtained today concerning the final terms of the settlement. This sums up the conditions as follows: Summary of Conditions. Germany is at the outset held generally responsible for losses and damages in accordance with President Wilson's fourteen points and the Allied response at the time the armistice was concluded. To determine . , A A - < At- ? A J A v,; ? cne extern 01 me payment. uuuer tuia responsibility a commission is set up to take testimony, assemble data and arrange all details of the payments from the enemy and distribution among the Allied and associate powf ers. While the confmission will administer the details of the payments, sufficient is knottn to permit the determination that an initial payment will be required of twenty billion gold marks, payable in two years without interest. It has also been determined that forty billion gold marks shall be payable in bonds extending over a period of thirty years beginning 1921, with a sinking fund beginning in 1926. ^ Rate of Interest. These forty billion marks draw 2h per cent, interest from 1921 to 1926 and 5 per cent, interest after 1926. In addition to the foregoing payments, Germany also will be required to deliver additional bonds for forty billion marks, when the commission determines that this shall be done. These three payments of twenty, forty and forty billions bring the total to one hundred billion gold marks. Beyond this total, the commission is empowered to fix anything further that may be required to cover Germany's indebtedness. "In other words," concluded the eminent American authority, who framed the terms and furnished the foregoing summary, "a commission set up with power to collect from Germany to the utmost of her capacity to pay, within the limitation of her indebtedness." SIX KILLED IN MILLEN, GA. Shooting at Negro Church Kesult of Too Much Whiskey. Millen, Ga., April 13.?County Policeman W. C. Brown and Night Marshal T. H. Stephens, of Millen, and two negroes, Joe Rufiin and his son, were shot to death at a negro church at Carswell Grove, in the northern part of this county, at 2 o'clock this afternoon. A great crowd of negroes had gathered and whiskey is said to have been in use. The county officers were called to preserve order. Edmund Scott, a negro, was returning to the scene with a negro preacher from Waynesboro when trouble between Scott and officers occurred. Scott was arrested and as he was being taken away negro sympathizers are said to have opened fire, the result being four killed. Hundreds of white people have gone to the scene. \VOMF\ SKKK PKOTKCTI' V. Resolution Presented Clemenceau is Signed by Five Million. , t Paris, April 1">.?Premier Clemenceau today received from Mrs. Chas. F. Farnum, of New York, the representative of the committee for protection of'women under international law, a resolution signed by five million American women relating to crimes against women committed by the Germans and their allies during the war. Superabundant proof exists, the resolution says, of the crimes which the armies of the central powers perpetrated against women in all the countries they invaded. Demand is made that all officers, soldiers and civilians belonging to the armies of the central powers who perpetrated any crime against women or girls in any allied country should be punished, if possible, especially the patent and notable cases. The allied nations are asked to take measures to deal with the situation and also to take steps to prevent such deeds in the future. DIES AT END OF ROPE. , ? Governor of Diarbekr Hanged in Stamboul. Constantinople, Saturday, April # 12.?Kernel Bey, governor of Diorbekr, has been publicly hanged in Bavazid Square in Stamboul in the presence of the military governor of Constantinople and other high officials. Kernel Bey was sentenced to death as one of those responsible for the Armenian deportations and massacres l'n + Vl O Vn70rhoi^ /11' et ri At TJin X VtibUttU U1CU1VU IUC IWI LUC1 commander, of the gendarmerie in Yozghad was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment in the fortress. The sentences were confirmed by / an imperial irade. ! The trial of those responsible Vor the Armenian massacres by the Turkish government began early in February at Constantinople. The prosecutor declared that is was necessary to punish the authors of the massacres which had filled the "whole world with a feeling of horror. Kernel Bey was former Turkish minister of food. m < m > m VERDICT FOR THE STATE. Jury in Sandal Case Decides Against Plaintiff. Y Columbia, April 9.?The jury in the suit by O'Neal Sandel against the State of South Carolina for $100,000 damage for the deaths of Thelma and Minnie Sandel, two young girls of Calhoun county, which has been tried in the Richland county court*1 here for the past two days, brought in a sealed verdict at 1 o'clock this morning in favor of the State, after being out seven hours and forty-five minutes. The verdict was opened in * the court this morning by Judge Thnmua .Q Spjicp tho nrpsidin?r llldsre. Attorneys for the plaintiff gaave notice of an appeal. The plaintiff alleged that the deaths of the two girls were caused by contaminated anti-typhoid vaccine points duo to improper packing at and the unsanitary condition of the State laboratory. NEW TRIAL FOR JASPER CASE. One of Defendants Escaped From Jail and Was at Large Several Months. Columbia, April 10.?The supreme court yesterday ordered a new trial in the case of the State, respondent, vs. Aleas Cooler and Will Davis, ap- .' pellants, white men, of Jasper county, convicted on April 6, 1916, of the ' killing of W. D. Thomas, game warden, and sentenced to be electrocuted. Thte killing occurred December 21; 1915. The opinion was written by Associate Justice T. B. Fraser and concurred in by Chief Justice Gary and Associate Justices Watts, Gage - ? ^ * and HyaricK. uue ui me ueicuuauw escaped from the Jasper county jail ' and was not apprehended for several months. The court held that error was made by the trial judge in failing to remove a juror, who had expressed an opinion as to the guilt of the defendant after having been swgrn. in, hnt nrinr tn the taking of testimony. Another error cited was the failure of the court stenographer to take notes when the jurors were being examined upon their voir dire. m ? Speaking of some of the names on the war map, we wonder how a Frenchman would pronounce Oshkosh, Wisconsin. '.v i V