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V ' J Slip lambrrg Sjpralb ?| \ One Dollar and a Half a Year. BAMBERG, S. C., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 27,1917. Established 1891. COUNTRY NEWS LETTERS SOME INTERESTING HAPPENINGS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS. News Items Gathered All Around the County and Elsewhere. Colston Clippings. Colston, Sept. 26.?The Colston rural graded school will begin the fourth session on next Monday, Oct. 1, with Miss Sadie Boyd, of Chester, as principal, and Miss Annie Lou Hutson, of Springfield, as assistant. Mrs. P. M. Yarn has returned home after spending some time with her son, Mr. Hammie Varn, of Columbia. Mr. and Mrs. Laurie Copeland and little daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Edgar Fender and litle daughter, of Ehrhardt, spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Beard. Mrs. J. F. Clayton was the welcome guest of her daughter, Mrs. B. W. Beard, Saturday night and Sunday. Misses Bessie and Minnie Kirkland spent Saturday night with Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Jennings. Mr. Reuben Kearse, of this section, was among the men who left Saturday for Camp Jackson. His many friends here hope for him a safe return. Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Clayton dined with Mr. and Mrs. B. D. Bishop Sunx day. Rev. Walter Black was the welcome guest of Mr. and Mrs. S. W. T A ~ n{rrV> + V^iav lUU Odiuiua< uigui. Misses Evelyn Kirkland and Alberta Kearse; Messrs. Gerald and Dawson Kearse and Edgar Folk dined with Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Jennings ' % Sunday. Mr. Will McMillan spent Saturday night with Messrs. Claude and Frank Kirkland. Messrs. Perry Lee McMillan and Malone Varn, of Columbia, spent Sunday and Monday in this section. Mr. and Mrs. H. K. Clayton and children and Rev. Walter Black dined with Mr. and Mrs. B. W. Beard Sunday.Messrs. John and Hammie Folk were the Sunday guests at the home of their uncle, Mr. R. F. Kirkland. Misses Cora and Dora McMillan ^ and Mr. Copeland Zeigler spent Saturday night with Misses Alberta and Natalie Kearse. ' Buford Bridge Budget. Buford Bridge, Sept. 24.?The Bu 3 caVi/v/n! ononoH \T An H <J V 1UIU onugc amuui .uvuuu^ : morning with a large attendance. Miss Ruth Shuler, of Elloree, who < taught here last year, has charge of the school again. Both teacher and pupils are glad to be back together again. / Miss^Ada Kearse, a recent graduate nurse of Fayetteville, N. C., is at home now. Mrs. Carrie Miller, of Appleton, is visiting her sister, Mrs. R. M. Kearse. Mr. J. H. Kirkland and family spent last week in Beaufort. Mr. Toney Kirkland is attending school in North Augusta. Mr. Fletcher Kirkland, Miss Elizabeth Kirkland and Miss Cleo Kearse have returned to Bamberg to resume their studies at Carlisle school. Mr. Clyde Kearse, of Camp Jackson, was at home last Sunday. Mr. R. L. Kearse and family, of Colston, spent last* Sunday with Mr. J. B. Kearse and family. BOAGUS. Clear Pond Callings. Clear Pond, Sept. 24.?Mrs. E. Hutto and family and Mr. and Mrs. John Schwarting were visitors at the home of Mr. G. W. Folk Sunday, j Miss Clara Priester. of Bamberg, visited Miss Ruth Morris last week. Ft Miss Florine Hughes and brother spent Sunday with Miss Me'ta Hughes. Mr. and Mrs. Q. H. Sandifer and children visited at the home of Mr. G. W. Folk Saturday and Sunday. The Baptist State-wide go-to-Sunday-school day will be observed at r>hnroh npvt Snndav morn VMM. VM -W? % ing. An interesting programme will be carried out. We hope to have a large crowd present. The collection will go to State missions. Mr. and Mrs. P. M. Johns, of Lodge, spent Sunday and Monday at Mr. G. W. Folk's. Sehofield Sketches. Schofield, Sept. 24.?Mr. H. T. Kearse spent several days in Savannah this week on a business trip. The little daughter of Mr. and Mrs. G. C. Sanders is very ill at this writing. We hope to see her out again soon. Messrs. L. E. Drawdy and George i v GOSPEL TO FOLLOW FLAG. j Khaki-bound Testaments Are Printed in All Languages. Complete testaments bound in khaki, so that they can go into the field in regulation fighting clothes, are being prepared for the soldiers of the country, and Bibles in every tongue, from' Chinese to Yiddish, are being published by the hundreds of thousands, so that the Gospel may follow the flag. Ministers and priests of all the churches in the United States, Protestant and Catholic, are offering their services for religious work at the training camps. New York and New Jersey Guardsmen have received invitations from the ministers of Spartanburg, Petersburg, Atlanta, Louisville and Houston to accept the religious hospitality that is to be provided in the vicinity of their camps. Twenty million Sundayschool children are being organized to take part in the war work, with all sorts of tasks assigned to them. Sixty societies of Catholic women are busy forming a war board to help the Knights of Columbus to furnish the buildings that are to be erected in this country and France. The demands for newly appointed chaplains for equipment has caused the American Bible Society to ask for $150,000 to be used in printing new works. One about to fight to make the world safe for democracy can get St. John's Gospel for two and a half cents and the Proverbs on the same scale, with complete Testaments for eight cents.?New York Sun. Who Can Equal This Canning? "Never having done any canning of fruits and vegetables, I felt a little uneasy about my undertaking," said .Mrs. E. D. Brown, of Norwood. "However, when the campaign for food conservation became so acute, I wasdetermined that I would be no slacker. If every woman has succeeded as well as I have, no family will be poorly supplied with canned goods for the winter's use. So far I have filled about eight hundred cans with beans, tomatoes, okra, beets, peas, carrots, corn, squash, gherkins, black < berries, peaches, apples, pears and other things. Besides I have several hundred glasses of jelly. Neither have I completed my work. You should see my storeroom shelves. They are so attractive, and in neatness rival those of a grocer's place. Tf th^ ?nvpmmpnt shmild enmman deer all the canned food in the shops my family would not suffer. Best of all, I have lost only two cans of the entire lot, and the work has given me the keenest pleasure."?Birmingham News. Waterman's Ideal Fountain Pens/ the best pens made, sold by the Herald Book Store. Beard and their families motored over to Donora last Sunday. Mr. F. M. Elliott went to Columbia Saturday and will probably be away for several days. He is at the Baptist hospital under the care of a physician. Mr. F. B. Drawdy has returned from a trip to Owensboro, Ky., where he went to accept a position with a lumber company. He says there is no place like SchoJBeld. Mr. P. K. Shultz spent the weekend in Savannah. Mr. D. L. Shiplett spent Sunday at Fairfax. Miss Grace Inabinet, of Ulmers, visited relatives here this week. Mr. J. L. Owen spent Sunday last at Columbia. DRAEBLR. Fairfax School Opens. Fairfax, Sept. 25.?The Fairfax high and graded school opened yesterday morning with an enrollment of 160 pupils, the largest number in the history of the school. Addresses bristling with encouragement and good cheer were delivered by the Rev. E. A. McDowell and the Rev. D. B. Groseclose and J. E. Johnston and J. F. Lightsey, of the board of trustees. An innovation for the school is the woman principal and all of the other teachers are women, as follows: Miss Myrtle Epting, of Pomaria, principal: Miss Lucile Youmans, of Hendersonville, high school assis tant; Miss Lillian Miller, of Salis-j btiry, X. C., sixth and seventh grades; | Miss Louise Durant, of Clinton, j fourth and fifth grades; Miss Alma Knight, of Fairfax, third grade; Miss | Grace Rickenbacker, of Greenville, first and second grades; Miss Mary Stansell, of Elko, music. This is an addition of one teacher. All of these young ladies are experienced teachers and another successful year is looked forward to with confidence. HISTORY OF COTTON TINTS PAPER READ BY A. W. BRABHAM BEFORE PLANT BREEDERS. Cotton Wizard Says That Originally Color of Lint Cotton Corres% ponded to Color of Seed. The following paper on colored cot ton was read Dy ;\ir. a. w. jBraonam, of Olar, before the Plant Breeders association at Florence on September 4th: ? ?_ Mr. president and gentlemen: ? It seems to me that the average writer on scientific subjects tries to obscure the meaning of what he writes, and when I read such articles I am reminded of what an old darkey of my section said of a bombastic preacher. "Why," said the old man, "it is no use for me to hear Brother Brown. He leads me into deep water and leaves me there. He preaches in Greek, and uses those ericks, those iricks, tfcoe jetticks, those cyreleons and keeps me lost." In this paper I shall endeavor to make my meaning plain, at least I shall use no Greek or words like the above, but will employ the simplest diction of our language. I fear the subject of colored cotton has become to the public as tire some as a {wice-told tale, and I daresay results are expected. At th.e outset let me say that this has been an ill-fated year to me with all sorts of cotton. The weather with us till the first of June was cruel, then hail the 3rd and 4th of July did some damage. The cold rains in April and the frost in May caused much of my cotton of color to fail to germinate, and that much of my work must bfc gone over again. There is not the least doubt that cotton of many colors can be produced, for of the primal sorts we have in ^existence the brown and red or buff of Peru, the yellow-brown of Siam and the brown and eucre of Egypt. I have been trying for several years to get these colors together, but owing to the demoralized state of the world, it has been impossible to do so, and to get such colors as I have, I have had to cross the Egyptian of almost a white color with selected native seeds. From these results have been secured that made me hopeful of reaching the goal of my ambition in a few more years, but alas! "The plans of mice and men oft gang aglee!" However, sometimes misfortune is the forerunner of fortune. Let us hope so, anyhow. ? You ask, why strive for cotton of ? T> ? COiUr l DCL'dUSC 11 lO axx uuunvnu science, an undiscovered country, a fertile field for work and thought. The colored cotton produced abroad meets with ready sale, or if not so the growers there would plant the white as we do. All cotton of color mercerizes better than the white. The eucre shades of the Egyptian stand second to the Barbadoes or sea island, and in strength and evenness of fibre it surpasses some of the grades of the above. The red Peruvian is used in upholstery, while the brown is a good mixer with wool. How many colons of cotton are possible? That depends on how many of the primal sorts can be found or restored, and the limit to which crosses are made. I am a firm believer in the restoration of a lost variety, and I am sure that several primal colors have been lost during the lapse of time. So long as the species exist there is strong hope of the lost variety being restored. Let us take a philosophical view tho cnhippf hv pnmDarison. Take man, the highest type of life. Of the human species there exists today pure specimens of five huge families having sprung from five primal pairs. I am aware that this declaration is at variance with the teachings of the Pentateuch, but I also know that these same misleading statements found there, incompatible with common sense and all natural laws have made and is making atheists of a large majority of the students of na * T^1 rtf VifttVl nlont cure, i ue leu ge iiuuiuct \jl and animal life testify conclusively to the plurality of primal pairs, of different shades and hues. No man can get around nature's laws. Like begets like for all time. White will breed white forever unless bred with a color. Black will do the same. It would be a biological impossibility for one pair of human beings alike in blood to have progeny as varicolored as man is today. A glance up the human family tree as drawn by V FERGUSON OUSTED. Texas Governor Impeached by Senate Court. . Austin, Texas, Sept. 22.?James E. Ferguson was tonight completely severed from his office as governor of Texas, to which position he was twice elected by the people of the State, the senate higli court of impeacnment this afternoon having sustained ten of the 21 charges in the bill returned against him by the house committee of the whole. Acting Gov. William P. Hobby, an editor of Beaumont, assumes the full power of office, his tenure extending to January; 1919. Next Tuesday at noon the senate as a high court will formally pronounce its judgment. Conviction carries disbarment from future office, but it is understood this condition may be ameliorated. , Read The Herald $1.50 the year. Prof. Huxley reveals more than 100 types of men living and the white man is responsible for the greater part of these manifestations of variations, because he has been a nomad, a rover, going from place to place, besides white has the power to master any color with which it is bred. Take a lower step in life. Look at our domestic animals, and see the different types and colors. No sane man can possibly believe that each species or genera sprung from one primal pair, regardless of the tfeachMncoc All natnro doolaros VI iAii UUbUi V UVViUi vw that primal pairs were plural. Animal and plant life are the same. One, is animate, the other inanimate, but the natural laws that govern one govern both. It is a fixed decree of nature that there should be variations in both plants and animals, and each one is a perfect ashler, it fits in its place. But variations must come by crosses and/ hybrids?must be bred out of the regular line. There would be no variations without crosses or hybrids. The reason why there are so few colors of cotton is because the colors have been widely segregated. Only once in the history of man or cotton has cotton of colors had a chance to mate or cross and that was when a Frenchman by mere accident, 50-odd years ago, discovered that cotton would grow in the Nile delta. A cotton famine was world-wide at that time, and the news of its growing in the land of the ancient Pharaohs flashed around the world like the golden rays of the rising sun. Seeds 1 from every cotton growing country in the" cotton producing world poured into the Nile valley and were planted indiscriminately. The one giving the best results was a light brown long staple. The other sorts were all discarded. In after years the Coptic planter was amazed to find the inferior Hindi cotton growing with his superior staple cotton. "From whence came you?" asked the Coptic of this cotton. The experts of Europe were appealed to who came to their aid? men educated in the highest seats of learning in Europe, and who perhaps had had practice in the royal gardens of.-Kew. They came upon the scene; took a fine mesh wire and made sections insect proof, planted under this wire seeds selected with great care, yet for all this care the Hindi cotton grew even under this wire. They never thought for a moment that this poor grade cotton had years ago mated with this fine cotton and had become part and parcel of it. Now, this same indiscriminate planting of cotton in the Nile valley more than 50 years ago, makes it possible to grow cotton of colors from Egyptian strains. More than this: Somewhere in the lapse of time white cotton assimilated or overpowered cotton of colors that do not now exist. We see this by the color of the seed. Green seed at one time grew green lint, black seed, black lint; brown seed, brown lint, and so on. The seed is an index to the color of the lint in ages past. The plant breeder has much to do. When men were few^and flocks and herds plentiful, man waxed fat on the fruits of his herds and flocks. Plant life was secondary then. Now the order is reversed. Men are plentiful and flocks and herds are growing scarcer year by year, and ere long the human family must look to plant life for sustenance. The field is fruitful. To restore the lost colors of cotton, ,to bring into being new colors, is a task for the plant breeder. I am sure both can be done and concur with Balzac, who says: "As soon as we seek to penetrate the secrets of nature, where nothing is secret, and where it is only necessary to have the eyes ' to see, we perceive the simple produces the marvelous." N IN THE PALMETTO STATE SOME OCCURRENCES OF VARIOUS KINDS IN SOUTH CAROLINA. State News Boiled Down for Quick Reading.?Paragraphs About Men and Happenings. There are now approximately 5,000 soldiers of the national army at Camp Jackson. Nobles of the order of the Mystic Shrine are to have a great confab in Columbia November 9th. J. H. Rogers, a young white man, is under arrest in Spartanburg charged with enticing labor from the State. William J. Cormack has secured the position of Columbia correspondent of the Charleston News and Courier. Dr. Henry Van Dyke, one of the most noted ministers and authors in the world, will visit the boys at Camp Jackson some time next month. The First Baptist chyrch of Anderson has furnished 59 men for service in the army and navy. A roll of these men has been made and will be placed on the walls of the church. Fitz Hugh McMaster, insurance commissioner, who will not seek reelection before the general assembly has accepted a position as city editor of the Columbia State, and will enter upon his duties as a newspaper man early next year. He was employed as a'newspaper man before he became insurance commissioner. Foodstuffs Used in Liquor. According to the report of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for the year end.ed June 30, 1916, there were used during that year for the production of distilled spirits in the United States the following materials: Bushels. Corn 32,069,542 Rye 3,116,61?" Malt 4,480,588^ Wheat' 3,373 Barley 148 Oats 9,807 . Other materials .... 68,8"22 Gallons. Molasses 152,142,232 Omitting wheat, oats, barley, and "other materials," and reducing corn rye, malt, and InOlasses to pounds, we get a totaUof 3,603,911,916 lbs. of grain and molasses. The census for 1900, volume 9, page 602, gives the following figures as to materials used in the manufacture of fermented liquors: Corn, pounds 483,998,984 Malt, bushels 36,385,365 Barley, bushels .... 11,232,599 Total pounds....2,260,266,146 These seem to be the latest positive figures available. The materials used in 1916 may be estimated as follows. thouah there is a possible mar gin of error: The production of fermented liquors for the year 1900 was 38,664,584 barrels. By 1916 it had risen to 58,633,624 barrels. (See report of commissioner of internal revenue for 1916, page 145.) The production increased 51.6 per cent. Assuming an increase of at. least 50 per cent, in the materials used, we get 3,390,399,219 pounds. Combining the figures for the manufacture of fermented liquors and distilled spirits, we get a total of 6,994,311,135 pounds of grain and molasses. This omits all minor ingredients and says nothing about the fruit and glucose used in the production of various other alcoholic beverages. In a time of food shortage, when conservation of foodstuffs is an important public question, the 7,000,000,000 pounds of food materials which are used in these industries form an item which is worth considering. Double Tragedy. A Washington man tells of a dinner at a hotel in that city at which were a number of gentlemen interrofflrrnc Ahmit th P CaiCU 1U > a.i iuuo t^iu'uuu. most conspicuous of these was a man who talked loudly against both vivisection and the eating of meat. He afforded great interest to a certain obscure physician. Toward the end of the dinner the latter leaned forward and said to the man first mentioned: "Pardon me, but am I not to understand that you are both an antivivisectionest and a vegetarian?" "Your understanding is correct." "Then," continued the doctor, "you will probabilv be greatly shocked to learn that you have just eaten a live caterpillar with your j lettuce salad."?Chicago Herald. WANTED TO BRIBE CONGRESS. Bernstorff Asked Germany for $50,000 to Use "as Previously." Washington, Sept. 21.?The American Government's publicity spotlight revealing German intrigue in \ neutral lands turned today upon the > expenditure of money by the Berlin foreign office in an effort to influence Congress on the eve of the ruthless submarine campaign which drove the United States to war. Secretary Laiising made public without comment the text of a messent by Count von Bernstoff to Berlin last January asking authority to use $50,000 to influence Congress + V* rnii orli on nrViioVi IVia buiuu^u au v/1 ^aux^oiivu n uiv^u tuv foreign office was reminded had performed similar services before. To supplement this move von Bernstorff suggested an official declaration in favor of Ireland for its effect here. Organization Not Named. '' The organization to be employed was not named. It was freely suggested among other officials, how- ^ ever, that it was one of the societies which flooded members of Congress with peace messages when President Wilson was asking that a state of war be recognized. This disclosure adds another chapter to the amazing story begun with publication of the famous Zimmermann note. It connects the German government dnd Count von Bernstorff directly and conclusively with ma chinations which the American public had assumed was a part of the z/ i world-wide Teutonic intrigue, .but which many people firmly believed were carried on or financed by Ger- man-Americans without actual au- ' thority from Berlin. . *1 Caused Little Surprise. v Little surprise was occasioned either in official circles or at the Capitol, although members of Congress were highly indighant. There was some talk at the Capitol of demanding an investigation and Senator Overman, chairman of the Senate lobby committee and Representative Flood, chairman of the House foreign affairs committee, arranged to go 4 to the State Department tomorrow and ask for more information. On the floor of the House, Representative Heflin, of Alabama, as- . "> * serted that he could name-thirteen or _ fourteen members of the two branches of Congress "who had acted suspicuously and expressed the opinion , that they should be investigated. Generally, however, the disposition was to regard as absurd any suggestion that any part of the $50,000 sought by von Befnstorff was intended for members of Congress. . , The vori Bernstorff message, dated January 22, follows: i " BernstorfTs Message. "I request authority to pay out up to $50,000 (fifty thousand dollars') ? in order as on former occasions to in- <fluence Congress through the organization you know of, which can perhaps prevent war. "I am beginning in the meantime to act acordingly. "In the above circumstances a public official German declaration in .favor of Ireland is highly desirable, in order to gain the support of Irish influence here." * .T'J Comparative Market Prices. -* The Augusta Chronicle 7)f March 16, 1816, contained the following market quotations for that date: "Whiskey, 87 4-2c per galloft; cotton, 26 l-2c per pound; tobacco, 13c, . per pound; flour, $6.50 per barrel; pork, 8c per pound; lard, 12 l-2c per pound; corn, 75c per bushel; coffee, 27c per pound; peach brandy, $1.00 % v per gallon." / v Fifty years later, May 16, 1867, the following were the Augusta quo- ^ tations. "Cotton, 30c per pound; bacon, 17c per pound; corn, $1.15 per bushel; " * flour, $14.00 to $16:00 per barrel; molasses, 55c per gallon and scarce; butter, 50c to 54c per pound; eggs, 20c per dozen." It seems that cotton is the only thine now lower in price, flour, corn and pork being worth about two to three times as much as it brought 10.1. jears ago. The quotations of 1816 and 1867 1 and the quotations of today are the besi examples for the farmer to see that the raising of foodstuffs for himself and stock is tjhe only way to bring about a change in prices. < riJ I Though the farmer is paying three . v times as much for food as he did 101 ! years ago, he is not getting as much for his cotton, though it costs considerably more to produce cotton now than it did then, and the South was then the richest section of the country.?Augusta Chronicle. tain Pens at Herald Book Store.