Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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WINTER OATS. a of By C. W. Warburton, Agronomist, tic Bureau of Plant Industry. *n' . fa< The value of a winter crop in the South was never more apparent than nn now. With cotton low in price, far- re] ( mers are looking for crops that can i sr be sold for cash or which will lessen ^ ^ tReir expenses by supplying feed for!1" work stock. Wheat, oats, barley areisai all readily salable locally and in the j se1 Northern markets, while at present!011 there is also a considerable demand 1 se< for export. All these grains may ueiat fed to live stock, though both the'stl grain and straw of oats are to be j ^ preferred to similar products of | in< wheat or barley for this latter pur- en ^ pose. The oat crop also succeeds rather better than either of the other grains in the South Atlantic and Gulf ar< States, except perhaps on the heavy Th clay soils of the Piedmont area mt (western North and South Carolina eri and northern Georgia and Alabama). se< Besides furnishing graing and for- Wi age for feeding, the fall-sown cereals 10 provide a cover crop for the soil, thus he; preventing washing and leaching, Ba and furnish pasture during the late str fall and early spring months. While pr< it is now too late to sow oats to sup- So ply pasture this fall, the crop may rie be sown safely for grain in Novem- pr< ber in eastern or southern Xortli and th< South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, eai Alabama, Mississippi, Louisana and tui southern Texas. Many experiments Re have shown that October or Novem- th< ber seeding will produce far better ott yields of oats in the South Atlantic Iter and Gulf States than sowing during i ter the winter or early spring. oat The Best Soils for Oats. ex' Oats succeed best on clay or clay- tul loam soils which are well filled with *'ie decaying vegetable matter. The crop grows well on such .soils because they do not dry out readily, for the is oat plant requires plenty of water! *>'I for its best growth. On the other' hand, the land should be well drain- ^U1 ed, as no cereal will grow on water- Fa logged ^oil. While clay-loam soils &ia are best, good crops of oats may be fcn grown on fertile sandy loam or san- SQ1 dy soil. The yield of grain on such ma soils, however, is usually less than: ro1 on the clays and clay loams. | so^ Preparation of the Land. | r01 Oats can best be sown on land on! b* which a cultivated crop, such as [or< corn, cotton, or cowpeas, was grown i roT during the preceding summer. As | tht immediate seeding is essential, it is fin better not to plow the land, but to inn prepare the seed bed with the disk see harrow, spring-tooth harrow, or any for other tool with which the land can an< be gone over rapidly and the sur- ^ face 2 to 3 inches worked into a ma loose and mellow condition. Oats Pai grow best on a soil which, while fair- wil ly loose on the surface, is firm be- spe neath, so that a seed bed prepared cas in the manner indicated is much km more likely to produce a successful so\ crop than one which has been fresh- ma ly plowed and has had time to settle, in If there is much trash on the land, slo such as weeds or a heavy growth of fiel cotton or cornstalks, it may be if necessary to remove at least a por- of tion of this material in order to sli< r make a good seed bed. If possible, am however, it is better to work the she trash into the soil with a stalk cut- lik ter and a disk harrow if these tools pai are available. we The Fertilizers to Use. The kind and amount of fertilizer sh( to use* of course depend on the fer- nai tility of the land and the fertilizer of which was applied to the preceding tin crop of corn or cotton. If the land wh is fertile enough to produce good cor yields of either of these crops, or if inc it was heavily fertilized the preced- the ing spring, the use of more fertilizer she just before sowing the oats is not 2 i absolutely necessary. On the poorer soils applications of 200 to 300 pounds of acid phosphate and 30 to oat 50 pounds of muriate of potash per acr acre may usually be made with pre profit. If nitrogen is added, is bu: should be applied in the form of a scv top-dressing of nitrate of soda about a 1 the time growth starts in the spring, dri Getting the Seed Ready to Sow. fre Good, plump, well-cleaned seed of rat a rustproof variety should be used, sar It is better to use that which was els grown in the immediate locality, or 2 at least within 100 or 200 miles, Th than seed shipped from a greater sm distance. This is particularly true pre of winter oats, as this crop is grown hai only in the Southern States aud seed mu obtained from the North is almost vai certain to be of varieties not suit- ed able for fall seeding, 'f home-grown or or local seed is used it should be cas nleanpd and 2-raded as thoroughly ?.S be possible. If a fanning mill is not in.e available for this work, much chaff, light grain, and weed seeds may be bes removed by pouring the seed back obi and forth from one tub or bushel the measure to another in a strong wind. an< If there is time before so v. ing, it so\ is desirable to treat the seed lor ty, smut with a solution made b> add- du: ing a pint (1 pound < of commercial or formaldehyde to ->0 gallon of water, fac Formaldehyde mav usually be obtain- be readily from any drug store. The if easiest way to treat the grain is to int spread it out on a smooth barn floor, foi tight wagon box. 01 a large piece canvas, and sprinkle the solu>n on it from an ordinary waterg pot. After the grain on the sur:e is wet, the pile should be shov?d over so that the wet grain is xed with the dry grain beneath, peating this operation until all tlic ain is moist. The seed should en be shoveled into a pi:e and vered with canvas, brrlap. or gra:n eks. and allowed to remain for reral hours, 't may then be spread t in a thin layer to diy Iofore eding, or the seed may be sown once. If the seed is sewn whi.e 11 moist, the rate of seeding cither measure or by weight should be creased, to allow for the water takup by the grain. The Choice of Varieties. The best varieties for fall seeding 5 Red Rustproof and Winter Turf, e Red Rustproof is the variety ist commonly grown in the South i States, eitner tor ia:i or syrus jding.- It is rather less hardy than inter Turf, but matures at least days earlier and usuallv produces avier yields of grain. The Appier, ncroft, Cook and Lawson are all ains or selections of the Red Rustaof which are locallv grown in 1 he uth. The Fuighum is a new \a xy wmcn xias tume .mu jminence in Georgia and some of i adjoining States because of its rliness and hign yields. It ma es several days earlier than the d Rustproof and thus lengthens ? season for growing cowpeas cr ler crops which may be sown af' the oats are harvested. The w in' Turf is the hardiest of a-: winter :s, but usually rusts badly in the :reme South and it is late in making, and for these reasons the tld of grain is usually not heavy. How to Sow for I test Results. The best method of sowing oats with a drill, either the ordinary >e of grain drill or a special type ;ich leaves the grain in a deep row. This latter method has been rticularly recommended in Geort and is probably to be preferred late seeding anywhere in the lit*. The ordinary cotton planter y aho be used, running the furvs from 18 to 24 inches apart and ving the seed rather thickly in the v. The advantage of the specialdevised open-furrow drill over the linary cotton drill is that several vs may be sown at a time and it consequently the work may be ished much more quickly. Drill; requires less seed than broadcast iding, covers the seed more unimly, and produces better stands i larger yields. [f no drill is available, the seed y be sown broadcast on a well pre ed seed bed, either by hand or :h one of the machines made >o4oilf fnr this nnrnnsp. Rroad it seeders, however, are but little own or used in the South. If the ving is done by hand, the work is de much easier if the sower stands the rear end of a wagon driven wly back and forth across the d at the necessary intervals than he walks and carries a heavy bag grain. After sowing, the seed )uld be covered with the harrow I roller. The latter tool, however, )uld not be used on soils that are ely to run together and bake, ticularlv when such soils are t. rhe depfh to which the. seed >uld be covered varies with the iure of the soil and the amount moisture it contains at seeding le. On clay or clay-loam soils ich are fairly moist and in good idition, covering to a depth of 1 h is sufficient. On sandy soils or >se which are rather dry, the seed )uld be sown at depth of 1 1-2 to nches. How Much to Sow. The usual rate of seeding winter :s is from 2 to 3 bushels to the e. As the seed of the Red Rust>of oat is large, at least 2 1-2 shels of this variety should be vn. Red Rustproof kernels have tendency to stick together in the 11 and for that reason do not feed ely; hence, setting the drill at the e of 3 to 3 1-2 bushels is neces y to sow as much as 2 1-2 bushWhen sowing broadcast, from 1-2 to 3 bushels should be used, e kernels of the Winter Turf are aller than those of the Red Rust>of, while the plants are more rdv and stool more freely; hence, ich less seed is required. Of this ,'iety l 1-2 to 2 bushels are requirwhen the seed is sown with a drill 2 1-2 bushels when sown broadit. In any case more seed should used for late than for early seed Early seeding is desirable if the ;t yields of winter oats are to be ;ained. In the northern half of > Gulf States and in eastern North 3 South Carolina the seed may be vn in early November with safewhile nearer the coast sowing ring the latter half of November early in December is usually satis tory. In no case should sowing delayed until after December 1 it is at all possible to get the seed o the ground in good condition be e that date. HOW A SUBMARINE ATTACK Member of Crew Writes of Sink of Big Battleship. A letter telling of an attack by German submarine U-26 upon ' British warship, the name of \vh is not givenf. is published in Zeitu. It begins with preparatn for the expedition "two hours fore midnight" in order to mak< strike at dawn. The letter, said have been written by a member the crew of the attacking boat, tl adds: "A sharp signal to the eng room, the sudden whirl of the mo catches and the U-26 is under w We move in a westerly directi We are going towards the enemy "The heavens are covered w clouds. A few feet away from i boat nothing is noticeable at all. 1 wind is from a side and the brit *. 1.. J n.UK IS eiiurei} liuuucu wim naici. noise is heard but the heavy, dn ing sound of the motor and the s\v of the water passing along our sid Signs of Dawn. "The earliest signs of dawr ; pear when suuddenly in the ni thoro l<s thp sierht of uxovaavu vuv< v ??? ?0 ? heavy hulk swinging high above upon the water. We pass throu the long tail of foam which hosi torpedo destroyer has just left hind, speeding toward the east. 1 have managed to find our v through the first line of the enem advance guard. From now on > must be very careful. "A signal is heard and men i pear upon deck. The boat is p pared for action. The flag pole taken down. Part of the bridge folded together and well fasten The periscope is brought up to 1 proper height. Then the entrai through the combined bridge a conning tower is hermetically clos The tanks are opened and the rushing water tells us that the bi is about to submerge. The gasol motors stop their endless so: Electricity will drive us from n until we shall reappear upon 1 water. Looking for Warship. "A young lieutenant Is posted the periscope and looks for the e: my. The sailors take their positi near the torpedoes. The interior the boat is lighted with two sm electrics bulbs. They make 1 darkness visible, but give no lig Everywhere there is a stale smell oil. The heat in the small room oppressive. "Intently the men all watch 1 cirrr, hnarH An the Wall in front them. The storm which is ragi upon the surface makes itself f in the depth. Every motion of t water causes the boat to rock and down, up and down, up a down. "We think of the advantage the man on board a warship. If ' time comes he can drown with a li look at the happy sun and the bl sky. We see nothing, hear nothii If the boat is to go down we sh all suffocate in the darkness unc water. Commands Given. "Suddenly we all jump up a forget hot and bad air and disco fort. In small lighters letters 1 sign board says 'attention.' The ficer in command holds the lei which will release the first torpei The saitors make ready to launch 1 second one as soon as the first sh have gone. A few seconds pass, i must be very near the enemy. Si denlv. the first sign disappears. H a second later and the red glowi letters say 'fire.' With a single j the lever releases the torpedo, short metallic click, the noise of t water rushing into the empty ta and all is over. The second torpe is at once pushed into the tube, few seconds later and the inter: of the submarine look6 as before t attack began. What of Torpedo? "But what of the first torped Did she reach her goal? Instincti1 ly we have all kept count?one hi dred meters, two hundred mete three hundred meters?four hi dred. Under water no sound pei trates. We only hear the noise our engines. We wait. Nothi happens. Then suddenly we are thrown together by the jerky moi ment of the boat. Twice or thi times more we feel that we ha changed our course very abruptly, "Then the boat rolls as befo The regular purring of the engir is heard. Our submarine is rapi< moving eastward. "We are on our way home. T attack has been successful." A Debt Paying Religion. We have all ways been in favor a debt paying religion. . Wh money is no proof of one's Chri tl-iQ ViQnrllinf? of it is a fi indication of character, and the f low who is a wilful dead beat kno nothing about the great princip of the Christian religion, whi teaches honesty, justice and the a of one's reputation.?Greenwc Journal. S. YKGGMKX ROB SAFE. I'nknown Parties Get Away With m mg Loot at Duncan. Spartanburg, November 26.?The til 0 postoffiee safe in the store of A. XI. a Smith, at Duncan, S. C., a station on icl1 the main line of the Southern Railtlle way, ten miles west of Spartanburg. 3ns was robbed last night by yegg men, hpwho made a clean job and have goti a ten away with their loot, amounting t0 to $20." in stamps and money approx?' imating $2:'..". Nitro-glycerine was ien used, and though two distinct explosions were heard during the night ine by citizens of the place, the robbers g tor were not disturbed in their opera- I aJ' tion and nothing was known of the ^ on* robbery until this morning when Postmaster Smith opened his place of business. The postoffiee authori- ^ ^lie ties were promptly notified and have had cooperation of the authorities of both Spartanburg and Greenville counties during the day in their efon~ forts to get a trace of the robbers. lss At noon today two men. 'giving es" their names as Charles Brown and TH J. C. Ross, were- arrested by Spar- = ap" tanburg officers near Duncan, and a oar M are being held in the local jail un- m d der suspicion. The officers "believe I us they may be "spotters" for the men g who did the job. | e "Portland Ned," the famous yegghp. man, blew open a safe in the same vY G postoffice several years ago and was ,aJ convicted of the crime, y's m we FOUND INJURED BY TRACK. ap. Two Men Helped by Trainmen Taken re_ to Summerville. js Summerville, Nov. 26.?The train jS arriving here from Charleston at ecj. 7:30 last night brought two men it tjie had picked up near the track beice tween Ashley and Ingleside. The enn(jjgineer thought he saw them when e(j j on his down {rip and on the return in_ trip they were taken on board. One rjat'of them, identified as Trenholm ine Boone, was very badly injujred; the ng- other, his brother, seemed more dazow ed and could not give an account of how they came to be in that condition. It is believed that they fell from a freight train while attemptox ing to steal a ride. The railroad Qe- Physician ordered them sent to a ion i hospital in Charleston, but before 0f! the arrival of the down train Trenail ! holm Boone died. His brother was ;he sent on t0 the hospital. Magistrate | ht. Limehouse took charge and allowed 1 0f the family to remove the body of the J is dead man. Not Her Grudge. ;he of The fact that corporal punishment nS is discouraged in some public schools elt is what led Harry's teacher to address this note to the lad's 'mother: UP "I regret very much to have to nd inform you that your son, Harry, idles awav his time, is disobedient, R ? .i. I UI quarrelsome ana aisiurus tut? yupno bis who are trying to study their lessons. 9 ast He needs a good whipping, and I I lue strongly recommend that you give " aS- him one." al1 Whereupon Harry's mother reler sponded as follows: "Dear Miss Jones: Lick him yourself. I ain't mad with him. Yours nd truly, Mrs. Smith."?Chicago Jourm nal. he - of R. P. BELLINGER 3o. S he ATTORNEY AT LAW t all I Office Over Bamberg Banking Co. '^ e J General Practice ? LIFE, FIRE, LIVESTOCK HEALTH and ACCIDENT S ibe - INSURANCE A "i ior Agent for Superior Monument Co. he Can Save you Money on Tombstones. W. MAX WALKER O? EHRHARDT, S. C. Z GRAHAM & BLACK ^ Attorneys-at-Law ie- Will practice in the United States and of State Courts in any County ng in the State. all "BAMBERG. S. C. ire- ? .ee LODGE MEETING. C| lVe Bamberg, Lodge, No. 38, Knights of Pythias meets first and fourth a ' Monday nights at 7:30 p. m. Visit- ? < re- ing brethren cordially invited." les A. M. DENBOW, lly Chancellor Commander, C. R. GILLIAM, , Keeper of Records and Seal. ?? he FRANCIS F. CARROLL Attorney-at-Law f Office in Hoffman Building ?e GENERAL PRACTICE. st- BAMBERG, S. C. ? CHICHESTER S PILLS *s THE DIAMOND BRAND. A 1^0 Ltdlnt Auk jour Dranlrt for /A 'OS il ESu Ohl-chee-ter* Diamond T{rnnd//\\ ;?Vi 1*1 iIa in Bed and Gold metallic^^^ icn 1 ^^wJl Ikmcs, scaled with Clue Ribbon. \ X m ^Sh*W| T?ko no other. Iloy of TOBr *_ ITQ 1 ? flr DruzcUt. Aslci'TI'lli-t'liES-TEE 9 . L JP DIAMOND HKAND I'lLL*. for 23 lOQ I pi B years known as Best. Safest, Always Reliable mm ?A^SOID BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE Break Your Land With Either a One or Two Horse ' .v Chattanooga Plow ITS THE BEST IX THE WORLD. ' ill accept cotton on account at 2 cents per pound over market price. Highest market prices paid for peas. J. A. HUNTER, E HARDWARE MAX, BAMBERG, S. C. . There is nothing more pitiful than the sight of OLD % AGE entirely dependent on the assistance and charity of others. Yet, many go along, day after day, week after week, letting money slip through their fingers that shoule be piling up in the bank to keep them comfortaba and independent when their EARNING POWER is GONE. Why don't YOU start a bank account NOW? Make OUR bank YOUR bank We pay 4 per cent, interest, com- ! pounded quarterly on savings depsits Farmers & Merchants Bank - ! EHRHARDT, S. C. J old Hogs by Telephone A South Carolina farmer had a large lumber of hogs which were ready to kill. The weather was so warm that killing was out of the question. He went to his telephone, called a dealer in Columbia over Long Distance and sold his hogs at a good price. He then called the local freight office and arranged for shipment. The telephone is now a necessity on the farm. You can have one on your farm at small cost I - ^ See the nearest Bell Telephone Manager or send a postal for our free booklet i . FARMERS' LINE DEPARTMENT 9UTHERN BELL TELEPHONE ND TELEGRAPH COMPANY JAB S. Pryor St, Atlanta, Ga. - - - hbbbbbbhhbibhhbhbhhiiii ?^ss Beef and Milk A-plenty j Cattle are kept for two purposes; for beef pro- ~~1 duction and for milk production. To do either riLht Any time any of my cattheymust be healthy. There is nothing better to tie get anything wrong keep them in continued good health, or to make with them I give them a them well quickly when sick, than a few doses of? few doses of BeeDee STOCK MEDICINE. Don I\aa STOCK ""TIFs'SLL |>CC1/CC MEDICINE Moorhead, Miss. | ? Stirs up the liver?Drives ' ^ I 25c, 50c and $1. per can. disease poisons away. At your dealer's. I ,.'?a ' 3? *3