Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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*.' X / ; THE WAR LAST WEEK m ROUMANIA CAUGHT UNAWARES BY TEUTONS IN SOUTH ALLIEO PRESSURE GROWS 1 New York Times Expert Comments on Balkan Situation and Says Rou manian Plans Have Gone Awry— France and Russia See Big Gains in Week. The happenings in the various war theatres during the week Just passed are interesting, not because of what has been accomplished, for the gains by any of the belligerents have been of minor significance, but for the possibilities that they hold out for the future. They are interesting, too, as dis proving some of the theories that have been advanced regarding the future of attacks which the Allies are constantly hurling at the Ger man lines. To begin with, wo have the situa tion in and along Roumr.nla and its frontier. As I pointed Out last Sun day there are. two elemental facts connected\with Roumania's situation- The flrtit is the strength of her Tran sylvanian frontier; the second is the weakness from the stand|K>int of de fense of at least a considerable part of her southern frontier. The Carpathians and the Transyl vanian Alps, which line the north ern and western border of Rouma- nia, form a natural barrier that gives to this line great defensive strength. It is true that the Tran sylvanian Alps are crossed in numer ous places by easily accessible passes It is equally true that but few of them may be considered of prime importance. -4 # that when Russia was fightfng- the, Carpathian passes somewhat ovdV a year ago. she was successful in taking a number of them which did not possess railroad communi a- tlons. The main one. Uzok Pass, which was crossed by a railroad, she could not take before the Germane had broken her line along the Duna- Jec. and, therefore, her campaign against Hungary was a failure. This is the situation with Roumanla. The railroad passes are of major impor tance. The defense of this country depends on the defense of the rail road passes The southern front tells a differ ent story. From the Serbian fron tier to a point just east of the small Bulgarian village of Rahovo, the southern border of Roumanla la the Danube River. Near this small vil lage the river turns northward, while the frontier slips away to the southeast and runs to the This strip is the southern border of tiie province of Dobrodja. The Danube Is a formidable military ob stacle in spite of the fact that it Is a stronger defensive barrier as viewed from a Bulgarian side than from Roumanian aide. This ia because the southern' bank of the river is very much higher than the northern bank. The river la wide, and can be crossed for military purposes only at definite points where bridges are found. These, then, are the points of strategic Importance In any oper ation against the Danube line. The southern border of Dobrud- Ja, however, has no sarh defensive barrier to guard it against inva sion. Here the frontier is wide open, easy of acremi, difficult to defend. Indeed, there is only one defense possible; that is, by a strong force of at least 290.000 men. with its right flank resting on the Danube and its left on the Black Sea. Whett^Roumania entered the war. It was realized that she did not have sufficient troops to defend her en tire frontier. If she attacked in the south, the Transylvania crossings could be forced, while If she devoted her attention to these passes, and temporarily, or even permanently, passed over the opportunity of strik ing south, her southern frontier would be In danger. Russia, with her enormous re serves In man power, was, however, on her northern and eastern bor der. Russia had great numbers of troops concentrated on the border, waiting for Roumanla to say the word, when these troops would be poured across to lend her aid. The point of concentration was at Reni, where the Pruth River falfk into the Danube. 'There was a political situation here which undoubtedly exercised a certain control over the situation. Roumanla wants Transylvania, and naturhlly she does not want the forces of any other nation occupying this wealthy province when the time comes to discuss the terms of peace. Russia wants Constantinople and, for the same reason, does not want any one else to participate in a movement which may well result in the fall of the Turkish capital. This would render disputes as to posses sion less apt to occur when the spoils were divided Accordingly,, Roumanla reserved to herself the task of invading and occupying Transylvania with all of its mineral wealth, while to Russia was awarded the problem, first of assisting the Roumanians in guard ing the unprotected stretch of her frontier and then, when the time was ripe and a sufficient concentra- of Bukowina to Vulcan Pass. This would completely eliminate the sali ent formed by the peculiar shape of the Roumanian v frontier, and give Roumanla a .much shorter Jine on which to advance. It would be also a much shorter line to hold If, after reaching It, the Roumanian plan is to hold it defen sively while their offensive was made against the Oriental railroad. It fs an excellent defensive line, splendidly fed by railroads, and with the strong line of the Maros River running along practically the entire front. In possession of the heights east of the river valley, an army could. If properly supplied, hold back an at tacking force of several times Its strength. In such a case the Rou manian right would be linked up with the Russian left in Southern Bukowina, while the left could rest securely on the Danube. In this object^he .Roumanians have made fair progress. The Aus trians have been fighting a delaying action, retreating slowly as the pres-*^ sure is applied. Both Kronstadt and Hermanstadt are in Roumanian hands, and the latter aVe pushing steadily uo the railroads from these points, pinching the Austrians out as they advance. The greatest advance has been made from Hermannstadt. As It happens, this Is the line of ereater danger to the Austrians. This is true because the line tends to cut the neck of the Transylvania salient and also because it is nearer the line of the Maros Valley. On the Roumanian left the town of Orsova. on the Danube, has been taken. This secures the Roumanian flank In this direction. Further to the north, near Bukowina. the Rou manian right has effected Its inirc- tion with the Russians south of Kim- polung, so that the Roumanian line of attack is now well established. It seems, however, that the Aus- tro.Gemian calculations were some- tv hat more accurate than those of the Roumanians. Even though we may not know which will prove the main offensive line of Roumanian enterprise, for the present we need consider only theiV first moves in this llKlt. Now that they are defl- cions were made. We can but con sider probabilities from such facts as are in our possession. The Russians, who had been con centrated at Reni, on the border be tween Bessarabia and Dobrudja, and whoie role was, in all probability, thk defense of this frontier, had a long way to come before the border could be reached. The railroads take a winding course and with one ex ception do not reach the Bulgarian 'frontier at all. , Therefore, a part of the trip at any^rate would have to be jmade overland. The time consumed in this travel would necceearfty be great, so great that the opportunity would be given to the Teutonic ailien to begin an invasion of southern Roumanla before the Russian troops would be able to g®t into action. ..jfhiB plan seems to have worked din* admirably. The Roumanians ap parently struck before they were ready. They miscalculated the time necessary for the Russians to make the trip that would land them on the Bulgarian frontier, and the Teuton stroke,’ delivered as calculated after Koumaia was so involved in Tran sylvania that she could not stop, found the Russians not yet up and the Roumanians not in sufficient force along tne border to prevent the Teutons fiom forging ahead. Had the Roumanians waited be fore moving westward until the Rus sians had completed their journey, the results accomplished would have been just as grfeat as they are now. The Teutons would have been just as much in the dark as to where the blow was to fall, and, being in the dark, would not have dared to con centrate at any point at the expense of another. Then, when the attack was launched, there would haVe been no alarm from the defense of the rest of the frontier. Several things may be noted as to this counter offensive of the Teu tonic powers against the Dobrudja frontier towns. It is against no im portant line of communication and has no definite point as an objective. The only railroad entering the terri tory comes down throui^h Bobrir, and part of this is, as far as we know,' incomplete. . There is not really a single im portant point in all of this southern NEW YORK SURFACE TRAFFIC T WHILE EUROPE IS BUSY EXPERIENCING A STRIKE 1 ' JAPAN STRANGLES CHINA obvious That to any otherviuarter to resist a Teu tonic effort without a serious dis arrangement of their plans. When this move was inaugurated, the Roumanians were obviously de pending on the strength Russia was sending south to enable the compar atively smsH remnant of their own forces to defend the southern fron tier. But the length of time that was needed for the Russians to move from Reni to this frontier was evi dently underestimated. Before they could get to the scene, the Bul garians began their invasion along the. unprotected frontier of Do brudja. Apparently this Invasion was met by little resistance. Just how many men thh Roumanians had to defend this line is not known. Rut what ever their number Is. It has Droved totally Insufficient. The Bulgarian advance was first along the railroad or the projected road (It Is not known whether It has been complet ed! passing through Dobric. The general line ran between the Danube and the Black Sea. on both of which the Teuton flanks rest. From the standpoint of a Rouma nla possession the province of Do brudja has. of course. Its Impor tance outside of and south of the seanort of Constanta. The line of the Roumanian de fense must be the line of the D*nnhe River It Is so constituted both by nature and bv the Roumanian works which have been constructed during the east few years. When we see the line of the Danube forre«t and the crossings strongly held by the Teutonic forces we me«- '■ommence to Peel that Ruche-"st is in serlrns danger of heln- captured. This sitnat'or does -not exist as yet. The Bu’carians have advanced to the town of Tntrnkan on the Dan ube. about which are a number of earthwork" constructed bv the Bul garians when ^oh-udja was still a Bulgarian province. This town guards the anproach to the bridge over the Danube from the south, but 'ta capture does not per mit the Teutons to reach the nortlt ern bank of the river. It does T^«- ever, put a serious obstacle in the wav of a Russian advance a^a'p-'t Bulgaria when the time comes for the Russians to make such an at tempt. It does not seem possible, in view of the odds against them in numbers, that tne Teutons really contemplate a serious offensive movement into Roumanla. The way is too dangerous and can be beset with too many traps. It ia much more probable that it is. the intention to advance against the Danube crossings just as has been done in the case of Tutrakan, then to take the approaches and towns on the southern bank, and transpose each of these places into a formidable bridgehead, where the Russians may be prevented from crossing. . Unofficial reports which arrived ks this review was being written stated that the Russians had come up and effected their union with the Roumanians and that the battle be tween them and the Bulgarians is rapidly developing. The fighting here will be interest ing, and in a sense novel, for it will be the first time for two years that we have seen - two armies in action In an open country free from moun tains and from the powerful defen sive trench systems which now line the fronts in France and in Russia. Without jumping to a hasty con clusion, it would appear that the we draw a line tlon had been effected, of Invading __ p Bulgaria and cutting a way through | Roomaiilaa campaign has temporal- we la once more to Constantinople. Acting on these plans, The Rou manians, as soon as war had been declared, immediately struck west ward against the Important towna which lay on the western sidw of her frontier. Kronstadt and Hermann stadt were the two moat Important of thjep. and It waa toward tham that the Roumanian move waa di rected. Tha Roumanian object . la. o' coarse, to draw 9 line aeroaa Tran- aytvaaia from tha aaathweat eoreer fly goae awry. Aa has been said, the sonthern border of Dobrudja Is with out any such natural barrier. Its defense lies entirely on the border troops who may be stationed there ^or that purpoae. It Is. then, along this atrip from Tutrakan to the'Black Sea that the Teutonic forces have begun their In vasion. This would Indicate some miscalcnlatioD oa the part of the Roumanian and Russian forcas. We have, iteidlem to any. aa definite seutli ttU.the FOrt of ntately four tho Constanza westward to the Danube, there Is nothing south of this line that has any bearing on either the defense or the attack. The line of Roumanian defense Is. and must be, the Danube. This be ing so. the bridgeheads which guard the crossings of the Danube 'neces sarily assume large importance as strategic objectives. Tutrakan. which Berlin has Just announced having taken. Is one such point. It Is, however, on the southern bank of the river. It, therefore guards, not the crossing itself, -which naturally would be guarded by works on the northern bank, but the approach to the brtdre on the southern side. As far as the reports Indicate thus far. the river has not yet been crossed. The fact that a large force of Rou manians were captured means simply that these forces were, by the rap idity of the Teuton advance, pinned In between the advancing troops and the river and found themselves, due to the congestion on the bridge, un able to effect a crossing . One of the great features of the week's fighting has been the revival of the Russian campaign against Lemberg which waa held up for some time because of the shift to the Carpathian frontier of the point of temporary Importance. Also, It is probable that the Russians, who had been fighting without cessation for weeks, needed new concentration of artillery supplies. Bruslioffs tactics during the week's fighting were practically the .same as those which he has employ ed ever since the great offense start ed. The principal characteristic was the constant shifting of the point of attack. It has been restricted this week to the section of the front be tween the Volhynian border and the Carpathians. The principal attack was made first from Rrzezany on the Teuton centre.- Here the Teuton lines were forced to eive way, and some twenty thou sand prisoners fell Into Russian hands. No sooner was It apparent thn* a temporary check had been Imposed on the Russian advance than the point of attack was changed to Ha> ; cz. This town is rightly termed the southern gate to Lem berg. It is the centre of the rail road systems radiating north and northwest from the Dniester, and its capture will cause immediate embar rassment to the Teuton commander. From Halicz one railroad runs direct to Lemberg by way of Cho- dorof, and is the main line of retreat which the Teutonic armies must fol low if a retreat becomes necessary. Another railway runs north as far as Pukof, where it turns westward and Joins the former at Chodorof. The Russians, Vienna admits, have forced the Teutons partly across the Gnita LIpa, though the points are not mentioned. It may be stated, however, that between the Russian lines and Lemberg there is but one more defensive line—the line of the Gnita Llpa. This rivet falls into the Dnitester at Halicz. a .fact which' gives this town an addi tional value other than that of be ing a railroad centre. ~ Once the Russians can pass the Gnita in the south, the entire position is turned and a further »retreat becomes Inevitable, just as it proved to be inevitable under similar circumstances in the cases of the Stripa and the Zlota Lipa. Vienna reports on the seVere char acter of the fighting along the Dnies ter, and it appears that this is meant by the, Russians to be a general and sustained engagement. The pres- a _ JE Applied with tremendous force. The Teutons hive known with fair accuracy~ln wha* wetor It was going to fall. On the -esult we may form a fair opinion a o the defensive strength which ye -emalns to the Central Powers ir /hie section. * On the western front the week hr >eee signalised by two greet effort n the part of the Preach end Brti ah. The’ tret of theee wee north e he Somme along the tine bet woe Meehy and Clery. Its first ober Vs Workmen Make Demands an' Walk Out Shouts Says He Will Fight it Out. A strike waa declared early Wed aesday night by unionized employee of the subway and elevated railwa n New York operated by the Intci borough Transit company. Abou Yfteen hundred of the eleven thoo and car men In the company’s pu roted at a mass meeting to quit wor mmedlatcly. Employees on the “Green Car ine of the New York Railways coc >any also voted to ct~!ke. Tl is ne of the most important of tl Ity’S" surface car lines. The me cted through sympathy for theisu >ay and elevated railway enployci The Interborough employees d land an annullment of individu ontracts bindinf, them not to se< 'age increases for two yearr. Trains were running on ragv.h ehedule an hour after the strike w enounced. Mr. -Should issued atement declaring the compai .'ould “fight the nion to a finish Five-thousand patrolmen held iatlon houses in anticipation of t rike were pressed into service. Pr inipary details called for policir. ich subway and elevated train ar 11 stations. Special squads of policemen ni letectives will guard power house nd car barns, in many of whi( trikebreakers have been quartcro' )r,car S. Straus, chairman of th lublic service commission, at a con 'erence during the day with repre icntatives of the union requests hat the strike call be held up pend Ing another attempt by him and Mayor Mitchell to settle the trouble The labor leaders declined. Unlor leaders declare many workers wen discharged because they refused tc take off their union ’badges. Interborough car barns gave the appearance of barracks. Approxl- tefla. housed and fed in preparation for the anticipated strike order. Thursday subway and elevated transportation lines on Manhattan Island were being operated on wh JL officials of the Interborough Rapid Transit company said were virtually normal schedules, al though it waa admitted that service on the aurfnee lines of the New York Railways com pany was seriously affected. Officials of the Amalgamated Rail way Employees, who are conducting the strike, conceded that schedules on the subway aud elevated lines were not seriously hampered, but re iterated their determination to fight to the end. Theo.ore P. ShAnts. president of the Intrrbortyigh. issccd a atatement in which he aald the strike was a failure and that If po lice protection continued aa good as it had been th’oughout the day, the rltv was assured of normal tranapor tation facilities. Arrownts IMffer.. Accounts of the invasion of Do brudja. the eastern portion of Rou- mania, by Bulgarians and Germana are at variance. An official Rou manian autement reports that the Invadera have beon checked and that the entire Dobrudja frontier la in possession of the Roumanians. are deepen the pocket into which the Germana were placed or placed themselves when the present lines were established. In addition there is the neceaalty of taking Peronne from the north or, since the Somme river can hardly be forced by direct attack, of not tak ing it at all. The attack of the French from the first met with Nuecess. Several towns were occupied and German counter attacks against the newly won posi tions were repulsed. These gains were-then extended until the French lines had been pushed up to the out skirts of Combles. Here it would seem the French would be content to rest for a while. Hut suddenly the point of attack shifted and a blow was delivered south of the Somme between Bar- leaux and Soyecourt. Here a success was attained which rivaled that in tiie north. The French took Berny, Soyecourt, most of Vermandovillors, Chilly, ran their lines up to the bor ders of Chaulnes and took also about two miles of the railroad from Chaulnes to -Roye. It wax the nqost successful week since the . offSftse was begun. The German lines south of the Somme have been considered un usually strong, and after the early days of the offense, when the French appeared to be definitely checked at Soyecourt, it was pretty generally assumed that their efforts had been cut short and would be confined in future operations to the territory north of the river. It is apparent that the Germans are being outguessed. They know for a certainty that on tiie section of the line held by the British they are faced with men in num bers exceeding their own. To meet the threat that this implies they have drawn every available man to resist the Brit ish attacks which are in progress and which are yet to come. They .dare not weaken this front. The British pressure is unremitting. They had no reason to expect ar attack in the south, as all of the French attacks "had come In th< north. But the French had planner thetr movement well in advance and as soon as the Germans had pre nared by proper concentrations for 'heir Counter attack against, th» Frelnck lines, the attack came in section from which tha men bar' /veec withdrawn. The gains made are not vital, their effect at jresent is purely local. As a recent criticism put . It, ft Is like • rut gnawing tts way k pea Up to a certain strands have to ha cut BIG BRIDGE Vippou’s Empire Presents Far- Reaching Demands Upon Help- ' less Republic. Sweeping demands, far more draa- ic than any published summaries isve Indicated, are recealed in the ecret terms being pressed on China >y Japan as a result of the recent rmed conflict between soldlera of he two nations at Cheng Chiatun. n inner Mongolia. Private dls- atches. received at Washington uesday reveal that Japan seeks in- emnities, an apology, and political oncessions throughout the wholo ection of inner Mongolia and south lanchuria. —■ The four formal demands acted as follows: Punishment . of the commanding hinese officer-involved in the trou- . .e. Dismissal, with punishment, oj ie other officers involved. Instructions to Chinese troops li ner Mongolia and south Manchuri oi to interfere in any _way with • ipanese troops or ciyillank; and to ublish this fact brohdlfy:" Recognition of “special interests' or Japan in nne’ Mongolia ant! outh Manchuria, comprising poweri >f police and administration, prefer nee in loans and in the selectioh o. ill foreign advisers, etc. Resides the four “demands” art four “concessions” which China b asked to grant Japan without foi mal demand, as follows: The Chinese army in south Man churla and eastern Mongolia to em ploy Japanese military advisers. Chinese schools and colleges to. have Japanese military Inspectors. This is not limited to any section in dispatches.so far received. , A formal apology in person from the Chinese consul at Mukden for the Cheng Chiatun trouble. Secretary lapsing refused to com- mehf oh'THg dtfpatWiefi' W'Ve Butitas what might be the attitude of the American government. It is known, however, that steps will be Uken immediately by the state department to secure detailed reports *ad learn the full significance of Japan’s act. American interests seem at first glance to be more deeply involved than In any event In the Far Bast aince Japan's famous ultimatum to China of May. 191S. The potltloal articles caused the deepest anxiety to Washington offi cials. They were omitted entirely In the published demands, and It Is feared, might cut directly aeroaa tha American policy of the integrity of China. Also It haa ta It poMibilltica of violation of the opea door policy and the making of the whole vast regtoa Involved a mere depend ency of Japan. Well Informed Chinese sources see nothing for China, but submission, believing any tMTky la apt to mean the occupation of the territory by Japanese armed forces. China’s financial condition is desperate and her army equipped with none of the transportation devices or heavy guns for a modern campaign. No foreign country, save possibly the United States,.is expected to offer objecc- tlon to Japan's course. NINETY VMKMENW1N WHEN SPAN COLURB LOSS OF LIFE UNKNOWN ADJOURNED FRIDAY AFTER AN EVENTFUL SESSION I/egislatinn for National Prepared- Featare of Many Important Measures Passed. Congress adjourned slno die Fri day morning.at ten o’clock, conclud ing a session, record-breaking in many respects, with appropriations and authorizations for the future running well toward two billion dol lars. Important bills passed by > the sixty-fourth congress since last De cember Include preparedness, rural credits, Philippines, child labor, vo cational training, workmen's com pensation, eight-hour day law for railroads, shipping, good roads, Quebec Bridge Falls Into SC Law- reee River While Thousands of Spectators Witness Accident Second-Time Great Project Ha* Failed From Like Catastrophe. The new central span of the Que bec bridge, the largest cantilever suspension bridge In the world, col lapsed into the St. Lawrence river while being hoisted into place Mon day with a probable loss of life. Ob servers on shore saw numben of workmen struggling in the water. The collapse occurred when the span was about fifteen feet in the air. Sarly indications were that the loss of life would be heavy for there were ninety men on the structure when it fell. Some of these have been rescued. Boats from among the hundreds pt craft on which spectators had gath ered were rushed to the spot where the span disappeared. The fallen structure sank two hundred feet to the bottom, and engineers who wit nessed the cloppase expressed doubt as to whether It would ever bo brought up. The bridge was being constructed at a cost of seventeen million dolten to shorten the railway journey from Halifav to the Canadian Northwest by two hundred miles. The bridge stands on the site of the structure which collapsed on August 29, 1907, with a loss of sev enty lives. The central span which fell Mon day weighed more than five thou sand tons and is six hundred and for ty feet long. Observers.said that the span broke twu plaies^flrst-trt ners appeared to give away, this be ing followed allst Immediately by a break In the centre. It is believed that tha number of dead Is between sixteen and twenty. Four men have been rescued. The St. Lawrence Bridge company, watch was constructing tha biidga. an nounced that it would taka a roll eall of Its employees In an effort to do- <ermine the exast loss of Ufa. Tbe St. Lawrence Bridge company at noon estimated the number of dead at twenty-five The span had been constructed oa pontoons a few miles east of the bridge site and waa towad late posi tion immediately nndar tea gap left in the anchor arms of tha structure. Chains with links thirt inches in diameter, together with girders, warn then attached to the spen.aad eight- thousand-ton hydraulic jacks com menced the task of lifting tka spaa one hundred and fifty feet into, place. The juggling of five thonaaad ten* of steel under onprecedeotod etr- cumstances In tha Dominion attract ed to the scene several thousand’ spectators. Including members eC parliament and newspaper men gath ered on veasels furnished by the Canadian government. Members of the Dominion cabinet 'Wtnessed the coils pee from the deck of a government vessel, while Ameri can tourists crowded hundreds of other boats. Eminent Amerieaa authorities on bridge building and members of the Australian parlia ment returning home after viattiag In Europe slap were at tha scene. Plans for the bridge provided for a channel span longer than that of any existing to-day anywhere. Ha contemplated length from shore to ehore was thirty-two hundred and thirty-nine feet, with a distance of eighteen hundred feet between an chor buttresses. COHON GINNING REPORT Twice as Many Bales as up to Be tember 1 Last Year. I Cotton of the growth of 191C gin ned prior to September 1 amounted to 850,032 bales, counting round as half bales, the census bureau In harbors measures. Other important acts of congress were the ratification of the Nicara guan and Haitian treaties, the con firmation of Louis D. Braudels as as sociate justice of the United States supreme court, the rejection of the nomination^ of George F. Rublee to the federal trade commission, and the defeat of the Gore and McLemore resolutions tq tie the president’s hands in dealing with the submarine crises with Germany. Each of these acts involved warm controversy. By ,far the biggest achievement o congress, in the opinion of leader on both sides, was the passage of th< preparedness program. This^progran was divided into six bills, which ap ropriated a total of nearly sever mndred million dollars for the na ional defense. The six preparedness bills were he army reorganization bill, thf isval appropriation bill, the arm) ppropriation bill, the fortiflcatloni, >ill. and the naval and military acad- ■my bills. The arty reorganliatlou >111 is designed to increase the regu ir army to approximately one hun- ired and seventy-five thousand en- 'sted fighting men and eleven thou and officers, puace strength, and tc he strength of the national 'uard to approximately ronr hundred ’nd.forty thousand enlisted men and eventeen thousand officers. The ’rmy appropriation bill provides two tundred and sixty-seven million dol lar! to pay for these increases. The naval appropriation bills au horize a three yea- building pro gram of Iff ships, including tee Ireadnefghta and six battle entlserr \a4 provides three hundred and thir teen mutton dollar! to pay the firut first ginning report of the That compares with 463,S83 bales last year, 480,317 in 19i4, and 799,- 099 in 1913. Sea Island bales included number ed 4,631, compared with 2,097 last year. 1,748 In 1914 and 436 in 1»13. Ginning by ctates were; 1916. 1915. Alabama .. .. 22,373 38,»25 Arkansas.. . .. 14,761 270 California 443 99 Florida 2,881 4,701 Georgia .. .. ...212,754 133,40t Louisiana 29,780 6,868 Mississippi .. .. 10,081 4,619 North Carolina .. 269 354 Oklahoma 7,777 8 South Carolina .. 26,769 4,305 Tennessee 120 2 Texas.-. .. ... ..722,008 271.328 GERMANS DELIVER ATTACKS Fall to Piah A11W Back oa Soaaa ‘■9, or Meuse. German troops along the Somme front Thursday night made repeated efforts to take back ground won by the French in their latest advance south of the river. The struggle , over the ground between Berny and Chkulnea was marked with unusual violence. Paris announces that tha German’s assault! availed them noth ing. and the French everywhere held their ground. On the Verdun front also French ■troops were subjected to a teenier attack, th# object of which