The Barnwell people. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1884-1925, September 30, 1915, Image 3
- ■*
w
w* A*
! SWEIT LONDON
Destroy warehouse
IN EA|T OF LOHlON
ATTACK
LOOKS UK TEUTON IASI '
TIIOOM BALKAN STATES
Story of PaMongen'Arriving la New
York are That Huge Air* hips dr*
ded Over Business District and
, ** . • *
Rains Down bfcendlary Explo
sives.
I. ' v • , ' . * ' ' ■
A handful of persons from the mil
lions who saw the first Zeppelin raid
over the heart of London on the night
of September 9 reached New York
aboard the ster.mer Orduna, with
thrilling stories of the fight in the
sky between the invaders and British
aircraft.
There were said to have been three
Zeppelins in the fleet, although those
who told the story to-day had se6n
only one. They circled over the the
atre and hotel district of London,
dropping explosive and incendiary
bombs. One of the latter, it was sqld,
destroyed by fire an entire block of
warehouses within five minutes walk
of St. Paul’s church. An explosive
bomb ripped tbfough a six-story ten
ement in the centre of the city, shat
tering the building from top to bot
tom and killing a dozen or more men,
men and children as they slept.
Several bombs, according to the
eye-witness, fell near three hospi
tals in a cluster, the central one of
which was the Opthalmlc hospital,
full of wounded soldiers. All three
buildings were rocked to their foun
dations and not a pane of glass was
left Intact. The patients had to tie
^“ved into the streets,' where they
for hours, on their cots, while
e damage was repaired.
Pieced together from accounts
given by the Orduna’s passengers, the
story of the air raid was as follows:
"The raid occurred between 10.46
and 11.15 o’clock on the night of
September 9, a raid the previous
night having reached the eastern sec
tion of the city, but not the heart.
Persons asleep in the Metropole, the
Victoria and other hotels were awak
ened by the inceesant whirr of aero
plane engines as the British air fleet
took wing to repel the invaders. Just
as the Zeppelins appeared over the
Strand, most of the theatres were
pouring their crowds Into the street
"According to some a panic im
pended when the first word of the
approaching aircraft was passed from
mouth to mouth. The lights were
turned off and men and women In
evening clothes fought for taxicabs
and other vehicles to take them
home. Others acid thoro wra no
panic, but that a great wave of fear
seemed to engulf this section of the
darkened city before the anti-aircraft
guns began to pop ~
“Suddenly, from every section of
l^tndon, the sky was swept by long
white beams from scores of search
lights. The tops of these beams were
not long In resting upon what they
sought. When the Zeppelin was found
a dozen or more searchlights focused
their rays upon It. dtretchtng back
to scattered polpts In the city like the
long white ribs of a fancy fan.
"Two searchlights finally centred
on a Zeppelin while tho others con
tinued to search tho sky Already the
air waa dotted with r.eroplanes which
could be seen freqLently as they
crowed the searchlight beams, cir
cling upward. The roar of guns from
the city was unctuated at Intervals
by the exploctott of bomba which fell
In Newgate street, not was from St.
Paul’s Cathedral In Holborn, in
Cheap Side, in Bloomfield street, near
the Liverpool street station and near
the water front, in that section in
which St. Paul s is located.
"The Zeppelin seemed to {10*1 1**1'
fy above us,’’ said Mim A. 3 Tatham,
Sydney, Australia, who was stay-
g at the Victoria hctel. near Charin
rocs. “It teminded rao of nothing
so much as a great, long sausage."
"My wife md I watched the Zeppe
, lin from c balcony of our hotel, the
Metrorole," said Alexander McNab, of
Bridgeport, Conn. “It went directly
over the hotel r.nd dropped bombs
around un.”
There was hardly a space of five
seconds during the ten minutes or
more that the searchlight beams rest
ed on the raider, eye-witnesses said,
that the sky was not brightened by
flashes of exploding shells. - Arf the
noise of cannonading grew louder
those who had fled to collars came
into the streets. Thousands walked
the streets or stood in groups, gazing
upward, dressed only in their *ight
clothes.
The bursting shells lighting the
sky like meteors, shattered into sud
den fif'e all around the Zeppelin. The
spits of flame seemed to be finding
„ their tjarget. ' Meantime the Zeppelin
manoeuvered over the Holborn sec
tion, circling at least twice. These
manoeuvers ended when a shell burst
• almost directly under the aircraft’s
\ bow.
A swerve, a sudden dip and A1
searchlights lost the Zeppelin. Then
they were on her a moment after and
-yjK was seen that she appeared to be
going down by the head. For a few
seconds she'hovered as if uncertain
what to do, then righted ‘'herself,
pointed her nose slightly upward and
ascended so rapidly that within a
minute or two the searchlights’-could
not find her. There were no more
bomb explosions tfeereaft^r.
Back to the'cathedral, where there
are many warehouses near the river
front, was the first visible effect of
the raid. An entire block was in
ashes with only the smudged shells of
buildings standing. The burned build
ings had beei big warehouses filled
with clothing and other supplies for
the army. There were no munitions
in the buildings, however, it wgs said.
At the Opthalmlc hospital they
found that considerable damage bad
been dene by a bomb which had fal
len about ab ock away. This htild-
, Taken to Indicate Long Look
ed for Attack.
Official reports from Austrian add
German headquarters and dispatches
from the Balkan capitals show that
the long expected Teuton campaign
against Serbia has begun. Austrian
and German artillery to-day is botfi-
barding Serbian positions south of
the river frontier at various points
Along the one-hundred-mile front
from the mouths of the Drlna and
Morava rivers.
“This action undoubtedly is intend
ed as a cover to the throwing of a
force across the river and the seizure
of a bridgehead whence the new
‘‘steam roller" can be started. Just
where a crossing will be attempted is
unknown.
The shortest route to Bulgaria
would lead through the northeastern
cornier of Serbia, where barely thirty
miles of Serbian territory intervenes
between the Bulgarian and Hunga
rian borders. The difficult moun
tainous country, the absence of rail
roads and the proximity of the Rou
manian frontier, however, speak in
favor of the old route of Jhe crusad
ers farther to the west, throughout
the broad and fertile Morava valley.
Through this valley run roads and a
railway line to Bulgaria and Turkey.
This -railway reaches the Danube at
two points—Belgrade and Semendria
—both of which are under bombard
ment.
CRISIS IN RUSSIA 1—?,
to obtain.
AMY WILL LEAN REVOLUTION
AS SOON AS PEACE CONES
on all
to do
GRAFTERS CRIPPLE
BULGARIA READY FOR WAR
TO REALIZE ITS AMBITION
King Ferdinand Hays His Government
is to Take Action Pooltlvo
In Results
Sofia, via London, Wednesday: Bul
garia apparently la on the brink of
war. The people generally believe
hostilities are imminent. The mili
tary authorities have taken possession
of thn railways and ordinary traffic
baa been suspended.
Diplomatic representatives of ths
entente powers generally recognise
that their cause is a lost one, and that
Bulgaria is manifesting clearly a ten
dency toward the central powers.
This Is due to ths dissatisfaction of
ths government at Serbia's reply la
the negotiations for territorial con
cessions in Macedonia and at the con
duct of Greses la this connection.
la government circles the state
ment was msde that all the military
measures taken are of a preventive
nature, designed solely to guard
against ctrcnmstancee which might
threaten Bulgarina position In ths
present situation, which la develop
ing with extraordinary rapidity.
These measures consist la turning
over ths railroads to the military
authorities and suspending ordinary
traffic.
Reports from many parts of Bul
garia tall of the enthusiastic demon
strations In favor of the government
The formal cession by Turkey of the
territory along the Dedeaghatch rail
road has been delayed by the action
of the Entente powers In notifying
Bulgarin that acceptance would be re
garded as an unfriendly net.
It was learned that King Ferdi
nand. replying last Friday to the as
sertions of leaders of the opposition
parties that the Allies would be vie
torlous. said:
"The Eentente Is not sure of win
ning. Nothing indicates at this mo
ment that such will be the case. If
Bulgarin« chances of obtaining Mace
donia depend thereon, they may never
be realized. My government is enter
ing n policy which is positive in ac
tion and certain in good results.”
BULGARS FORTIFY PORTS;
WARSHIPS SEEK HAVENS
Athena Reports Feverish Activity on
the Black Sea—Russia Alms
at Varna.
Athens reports via Paris Friday:
Diplomatic circles have been Inform
ed that Bulgarian warships which
were stations at Varna on the Black
Sea have sought shelter in a neigh
boring bay. Large numbers of men
are working at feverish speed to for
tify Bulgarian Black Sea ports. The
valuables of the branches of the Na
tional Bank at Burgas and Varna
have been removed to Sofia.
The belief has been expressed in
Bulgaria that If that country ar
raigns itself on the sides of the Teu
tonic allies Russia would attempt an
invasion through the port of Varna,
thirty hour.: hail from Odessa, al
though It is strongly fortified.
ing and two others converted into
hospitals for wounded soldiers, had
felt the force of the explosion almost
as if It had be n at their doors.
la Bloomfield street, two and one-
half miles from Trafalgar Square, a
row of dwellings had been damaged,
as if by artillery fire. The damage
eitended over an area of about three
blocks. There was a cavity In the
middle of the street; thirty feet in
diameter and about eight feet deep.
At one place, about 15 minutes ride
from the Victoria hotel, a six-story
tenement had been demolished. The
sight-seers heard that five persons
had been killed in their beds and that
more than 20 had been hurt. Alto
gether, It was unofficially reported
approximately 40 persons were killed
by bombs and 200 or more wounded.
About half of these. It was said, were
women and children.
Ndt a government 'building, nor
church, nor arsenal, nor hospital had
been reached by a bomb, tho Orduna *
passengers were Informed, the great-.
.terlal damage, he said, was the
destruction ‘ by fire of the block of
Osar’s Artillery Was Helpless on Ac*
* count of Wrong Stsed Shells—
Gunners Looked on Despairingly
While Austro-German Cannon
Blasted a Way to Facile Victories.
A dispatch from Stockholm to the
Associated Frees says the fall of War
saw and the failure of the Russian
defensive campaign to prevent the
German Invasion of Poland have had
a much more profound effect upon
Russian national feeling than is ad
mitted in dispatches from Petrograd.
The feeling which has shaken this
constitutionally stolid and unemo
tional country from one end to the
other is not one of discouragement or
submission. It has not moved any
One to talk of ultimate defeat or the
possibility of Russia's undertaking
peace negotiations with Germany.
Russia's reaction is one of intense in
dignation at*-the government officials
who liave been responsible for her
tragic shortage of ammunition.
The full tragedy of this shortage
has only been observed by the men
at the front who, with empty gun
caissons, have helplessly faced the
concentrated artillery attacks of the
enemy and have watched the assured
progress of the German and Austrian
trench builders under their very posi
tions without the possibility of stop
ping them.
These soldiers were determined,
experienced fighters, Russia's best
troops, acquitting themselves with
unusual bravery in every bavonet ac
tion, but crippled and finally demor
alised by insufficient ammunition and
the knowledge that it was this lack
of ammunition that ordered their
continued retreat from one position
to another.
The most rigidly cefieored press In
the world and a national and Inherent
Inhibition of free comment of any
sort haa failed to check the arm
lanche of criticism and tho accusa
tions which have been made against
the government officials who are held
responsible. For oure, expression of
opinion la Ku*aia ban become free
aa<l unhampered.
So attempt D made to conceal
reproach against the methods of the
bureaucreta who are accused of hav
ing crippled Russia's fighting
strength and materially delayed the
end of the war. It Is not espreesed
alone by men of revolutionary incll
aatlons or opposition tendencies, nor
is It uttered In hushed voice# or sec
ret place#, but It Is loudly and clam
orously current everywhere among
men of all parties and classes.
A prominent member of ths Duma
said to an American correspondent in
Petrogrmwa few days ago: “The Rus
sian people are on the threshold of a
great awakening Every one In Rus
sia. officer, civilian, and moujk
knows why Kussia haa been com
polled to surrender a large part of
her territory. They know that they
have good officers snd that the fight
ing strength and spirit of the Rus
sian troops are as high as at the be
ginning of the war. They know also
that they have been forced to ret
or stand helpless before the murder
ous fire of German artillery, while
their own guns hare had only a few
rounds of ammunition that had to be
sparingly used.
“Without understanding the pecu
liar methods of the purchasing com
missions whose business It Is to sup
ply them with ammunition, they
least realise that their government Is
at fault, that they have been sent
into trenches impossible to defend
and that tens of thousands of them
now He dead as a result of the delay
in the delivery of ammunition.
“In my opinion, in this present
awakening of the army and tbe peo
ple to the criminal neglect and cor
ruption of the officials, (here are the
germs of the most serious revolution
Kussia has ever known—a revolution
supported by the army. This revolu
tion will come as soon as the war Is
over.’’
In this protest, which is being so
bitterly expressed An Russia, there is
not ;kn atom of disloyalty. It is, in
factl a very high expression of
loyalty whicih is Resentful that the
purpose of the nmion is being frus
trated and the chances of victory
weakened by some of its own officials.
A common view Is that the evil is ac
counted for by the residue of German
Influence which still exists in the va
rious departments of the government.
It was a spirit of revolt against
tills persistent German element in
Russia that caused the terrible Mos
cow riots of two months ago. When
the order expelling all Germans from
the city was not enforced by the city
authorities, tliie mob decided to take
the matter In its own hands and ex
pel them forcibly by destroying their
homes, business and property.
Evidence of the same spirit of pro
test has appeared in a milder form in
Petrograd, where numerous meetings
denouncing corruption of government
officials were-broken up by the police.
In these meetings it was openly de
clared that Russlkn officials were de
feating the attempts of the army to
win the war and that while they con
tinued in power victory, was Impos
sible.
The allegation was made that the
Russian officials who superintended
the purchase of war munitions were
primarily Interested In seizing the op-
por^ynity which the war offered there
of amassing.a fortune at the expense
of the government and Insisting upon
such a large commission on all con
tracts that the business of buying war
materials waited while ths purchas
ing consmtaaioua adjusted satisfac
torily the amount of commiaotoe
SHUNT
of 10 per COOL
das. It was
with the Basel as
In some eases the con
tract, they aay. Is delayed while the
Amount of eomgiiaatdn Is adjiwtnd,
and it m not nn unusual thing for
this delay to be a matter of months
This Is necessarily a simplified'ex
position of what has been delaying
he Russian purchase of ammunition.
It contains what virtually every
rver In Russia since the begln-
of the war regards as the funda
mental reason—a reason that has in
flamed popular feeling to its present
high pitch of indignation.
A short time before the fall of
Warsaw, It seemed that the situation
had* been greatly improved by the
arrival of 2,000,000 shells. It was
not until some of these were taken to
the actual firing line that it was dis
covered, according to reports, that
they wqre a fraction of an inch too
large to fit any Russian gun. By an
odd coincidence, however, they were
of the exact calibre to fit some of the
German artillery.
Stories of this sort which are wide
ly circulated In Russia have done
nothing to soothe the agitated state
of mind of the public. It is also well
known that a large amount of shrap
nel was offered Russia by American
manufacturers, six months ago, but
for some reason or other was not ac
cepted. Since that time Russia has
been forced to buy the same shrapnel
at almost double the first price quot
ed. ■’
. It is the opinion of most military
observers that with a full supply of
ammunition the Lubltn-Chelm line
and the Russian positions along the
Vistula could have been effectively
defended. Russian staff officers even
go so far as to say that if tbe Ger
man advance could have been delayed
a week longer sufficient ammunition
could have arrived to turn the tide
and save the Vistula line the fall of
the Polish fortresses, snd Berlin
says the battle now raging probably
will decide the fate of Riga
Officers who helped to conduct the
retreat of the Russians from position
to position—from one line of trenches
literally swept sway by German fire
to another awaiting the same fate—
describe vividly the tragfedy of fight
Ing with insufficient ammunition.
German and Austrian trench build-
1, the descriptions run, appeared
and began work not far from the
Russian positions Russian officers
gauging the distances through their
instruments signaled to their battery
commanders, but received the reply
In almost every case that there waa
no ammunition to waste. According
ly the Tcotoe* built their trenebee In
plain sight of the Knaaln
and la snch easy range of the Rna-
•Ian haltarte* that a few rounds of
ammunition could have wiped oat
every alga of the invaders.
Thus, the Russian offlcsrs recount,
while they wntched from their obeer
ration trenches tha cool, assured pro
gress of ths enemy, they could do
nothing. An enforced idleness nnd
utter helplessness lay on riflemen
and gunnera, for in most of the bat
teries the larger guns, which alone
could have been Instrumental In hold
ing tbe Germans, were provided with
only ten rounds of ammunition
Whenever there was a chance to
fight, the Russian soldiers fought
with great obatlnacy. but in tha ma
Jorlty of casaa tbe tempest of tbe Ger
man artillery attack so far accom
pUshed its aim that a charge was
superfluous. Sometime* as many
six tern German gun* concentrated
upon one KuHNtan pooitlnn tore up
every wign of Uie Kurudan latreoch-
ments. When the Germaas advanced
upon the trfwrhe* there waa no oppo
sition. .In many cases not a single
llu*Nlan soldier was alive. The Ger
mans then prepared to taka the next
position and the performance was re
peated.
Meanwhile the Russians were ex
pending before retreat actually the
last shell. Caissons laden with
ammunition were rushed up at full
speed to the battery positions, un
loaded and vainly spent Continua
rumors were heard that fresh ammu
uition was arriving. It was, but It
was coming too slowly. Two days
before Warsaw was abandoned am
munition began to arrive in largei
quantities, but the Russian forces
threatened witli being completely cut
off by the encircling movement whlcl
the Germans were attempting, coulr
no longer gamble on the chance of ar
eleventh-hour arrival of ammunition
Realizing that the present war is a
war of ammunition and that, improp
erly equipped in this respect, Rus
sla's large'Urmy is reduced in powei
to an army of one-half its potentla 1
dze, Russia . Is at present exerrtny
every effort to remove the obstacles
to the quicker delivery of ammuni
tion. The Grand Duke Sergius, who
has general supervision over the de
partment of artillery and ammuni
tion, is beginning a campaign against
the evil which has been Russia’s
chief internal enemy In this war.
AGREES TO ANEHCAN VIEWS ON
TIE FIYEINCBENT
ACCEPTS OUR PROPOSAL
wm AMYI
Accepts Ceded Territory.
Sofia, via London, Wednesday: The
Bulgarian government announced
Wednesday night that the territory
ceded by Turkey along the line of
the Dedeaghatch railroad would be
occupied on October 6. The official
transfer will occur on October 11,
when the Bulgarian administration
will be installed.*
More T. H. Troops Killed.
' Mexicans attacked a detachment of
American soldiers at Progresso and
have killed Private Stubblefield, ac
cording to a Brownsville dispatch,
Friday.
. Send Third Set of Papers.
The examination questions for
Rhodes scholars have left Ragland
for tha third time. The first aet were
tost on the Arable aad tb# aaeond
sunk on the Hesperian.
Berlin A«reee to' Plan for Naming Ex
perts to Fix Indemnity and Telia of
New Orders Issued to Naval Com
manders — Cites Agreement as
Proof of Friendly Feeling.
Germany, in its latest note in the
Frye case, made public Thursday,
notifies the United States that orders
have been issued “to the Gorman
naval forces not to destroy American
merchantmen which have loaded con-
-ditlonal contraband, even when the
condition^ of international law are
present, but to permit them to con
tinue their voyage unhindered if it Is
•not possible to take them Into port.”
Germany gave this assurance “In
order to furnish to the American
government evidence of Its concilia
tory attitude," while tho question of
interpreting the treaty of 1828 is
submitted to arbitration. The Ameri
can suggestion for the naming of ex
ports to fix the indemnity for sinking
the Frye is accepted.
As for absolute contraband such as
arms and ammunition, Germany
states in its note that “it must re
serve to itself the right to destroy
vessels carrying absolute contraband
wherever such destruction ia permis
sible according to the provisions of
the declaration of London."
The German note is regarded by
officials as evincing a more friendly
spirit on the part of the German for
eign office. After months of strained
relations between the two countries It
waa received as a very favorable de
velopment.
It practically Insures American
vessels against attack without wan •
ing and even in the event that they
are carryin g absolute contraband,
passengers and crew are bound, ac
cording to tho declaration of Lon
don, to be removed before there is
any destruction, which also ean oc
cur only in the event of extreme nee-
ilty.
The note follows: “With regard
first to the ascertainment of the dam
age by experts the German govern
ment believes that it ehould dispense
with the nomination of an umplra
In the cases of the ascertainment of
damages hitherto arranged between
tbe German government and a neu
tral government from elmllar causes,
the experts named by the two parties
have always reached an agreeueal as
to the amount of the damages with
out difficulty; should It not be poe-
■ible. however, to reach an agree
ment on some point. It could probably
be settled by diplomatic negotiations.
Assuming that the American govern
ment agrees to this, the German gov
ernment oemes as IU expert Dr. Kepn
of Bremen, director of the North Ger
man Lloyd; It begs to await the des
ignation of the American expert.
“The German goverutnent declares
that It agrees to Jbe proposal of the
American government to separate
the question of Indemnity from the
question of the interpretation of tbe
Prussian-American treaties of 1786.
1790 and 1828. It therefore again
expressly states that In making pay
ment it does not acknowledge the
violation of the treaty as contended
by the American side, bat It will ad
mlt that tbe settlement of the ques
tion of indemnity does not prejudice
tbe arrangement of tbe differences of
opinion concerning the interpretation
of treaty lights, and that this dispute
le left to be decided by The Hague
tribunal of arbitration. •
"The negotiations relative to the
signing of the compromise provided
by article 52 of The Hague arbitra
tion convention would beet be con
ducted between the foreign office and
the American embassy at Berlin In
view of the difficulties in the way of
instructing the Imperial ambassador
at Washington. In case tbe Ameri
can government agrees the foreign
office is prepared to submit, tq the
embassy a draft of such a compro
mise.
"The American government's in
quiry whether the German govern
ment will govern ita naval operations
in accprdance with the German or the
American interpretation of the treaty
stipulations on the question, pending
the arbitral proceedings, has be«n
carefully considered by the German
government. From the standpoint of
law and equity, it is not prevented In
its opinion from proceedings against
American ships carrying contraband
according to Its 'interpretation until
the question is settled by arbitration
‘‘For the German government does
not need to depart from the applica
tion of generally recognized rules of
the law of maritime war, as the dec-
laration of London unless and insofar
as an exception based on a treaty is
established beyond all doubt. In the
case of the present difference oT opin
ion between the German and the
American governments such an excep
tion could not be taken to be estab
lished except on the ground of the
arbitral award. Moreover, the disad
vantages to Germany which would en
sue from the American Interpretation
of the treaty stipulations would be so
much greater as to be out of propor
tion to those which the German inter
pretation would entail i.or the United
States. For whereas the' American
Interpretation would materially im
pede Germany in her conduct of war
fare hardly any particular disadvan
tage to American citizens would re
sult from the German Interpretation
since they receive‘full reparation for
any property damage sustained.
“Nevertheless, the German govern
ment, In order, to furnish to -the
American government evidence of ita
conciliatory attitude, has Issued or
ders to the German naval forces not
to destroy American merchantmen
which have loaded eomdttlowal coe-
Drive to Twrfcejr.
While Bulgaria is marking
and mobilizing her military
Word comes from Nish, (ho
Capital, that sight hundred
German troops, according to the
authoritative estimates there, are
available for the forcing of a passagn
through Sorvla.
As yet no general movement In thin
direction has been undertaken, al
though preliminaries by the Germans
are under way. Having crossed the
Servian territory tho Germans would
have to advance through Bulgaria
before they could bring aid to tho
Turks In Gallipoli and at Constanti
nople. Bulgaria's future attitude may
depend on what actlop Germany
takes with respect to Bervla, or Ger
many may be awaiting the completion
of the Bulgarian mobilisation.
The Bulgarian legrtlon r.t London
has pointed out that both Roumanla
and Greece have been mobilised for
a considerable time and Inttmaton
that Bulgaria has a right to do like
wise without causing astonishment,
but has offered no explanation of bis
government’s action at the present
time. The efforts of the Entente
powers, however, are being directed
vigorously towards bringing about re
union of all the Balkan States:
BULGAK ARMY 700,000
Armies of Rumania i
I Greece Would
Furnish Abont 1,400,000.
The victories of arms of the Cen
tral Empires In Russia and the pro
longed campaign of the Entente pew-
ers at the Dardanelles ha vs evidently
encouraged the Sofia government to
proclaim a war zone over that pert of
Macedonia owned by Serbia and
Greece since the treaty of Bucharest
of 1913, so that should ths Tsutoatc
armies reach Nish in their assault am
Serbia they would, with Bulgaria’s
consent, have the use of ths Orlwwt
rallwdtl which runs from Nish to
Constantinople, to bring relnforew-
menta of munitions, snd perhaps at
men. to ths Turlu.
But avea Bulgaria's mohlUsatlon
of Serbian Macedonia la aa unfriendly
act toward Serbia, while, aecwrdtng
to the Serbo-Oreclan traety. Greses In
obliged to latorveee tbe momeet Ser
bia la attacked by another Balkan
State.
| Rumania, too. weald be estometl-
eelly draws late the straggle, for.
with her people felly la
with tbe cause of the Entente pi
she bee hitherto maintained aa i
neutrality, hoping with the
powers that the coeceeMons In M%oo
don la which Serbia aad Greece were
spoeed to make to Bulgaria woeld
be a sufficient Inducement for the
latter to continue her neutrality end
on give pledgee to tbe Entente pow
ers to that effect.
Added to 'the moral offset of |ho
Teutonic vtetortea la Russia haw beam
the practical effect oe the Bslgartea
government of the Turkish cooese
slob, engineered by German agents,
of land oa the right beak at tho
Moritse, which would euuhlo tho
Dedeeghutch railway to run entirely
on Bulgurian territory. This cue see
slon was mode orv July 81.
It Is understood that, although tho
Bulgarian government sees Its beet
Interests served by getting «p am
armed neutrality with Teutonic sym
pathies, possibly to be followed hr
Interveetlon, the Bulgers themselves*
ere not unanimously of this oplukm.
and ministers of stato hsvs not hout-
tatod to warn King Ferdinand of rev
olution.
Bulgaria's action la'mobilising fol
lows upon a demand made by the En
tente powers on Saturday last that
she declare herself one way or tho
other. If she Intervenes on the side
of the Central Emplrpa. Bulgaria pan
make little use of her famous field
artillery which won her so many vic
tories over the Turks In tho first Bal
kan war, for the guns aro French
and require the ammunition manu
factured by the Schneiders ut Lw
Creusot.
Bulgaria’s fighting machine In
made up as follows:
Service—universal and compulsory
from 20 to 45.
Jnfantry—Thirty-six regiments of
two bsttslions, or eight companion,
each.
Artillery—Nine regiments of two
divisions, or fourteen guxs, each;
twelve mountain batteries, and three
battalions of fortress artillery, re
spectively, of forty-eight and twelve
guns
Cavalry—Nine line regiments or
thirty-seven squadrons.
Miscellaneous—Three battalions of
pioneers, one railway battalion, one
pontoon battalion, and one telegraph
battalion.
Bulgaria Mobilizes Army.
General mobilization of all military-
forces In Bulgaria for tbe purpose of
armed neutrality has been ordered by
the Bulgarian government. Officitf
announcement of this order was com
municated by his government to M.
Panetroff, the Bulgarian minister at
Washington. , i
New Allied Army at the Straits.
Berlin reports that one hundred
snd ten thousand additional troops
have been sent by the Allies to the
Dardanelles. They are British and
French troops
* M
■ ■
traband 'even when the conditions of
International law are present, but to
permit them to
unhindered if It is |
take them into port. Gw tha
it must reesrve to ttsei
right to dsstroy v
solute rostra bead
m
of