Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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■y MIL TO KETICO V LEADERS tiVEN TEN DAYS TO REPLY TO THE NOTE WANT PEACE CONFERENCE Secretory of State of the United States and Representatives Prom Other Central and South American Countries Send Communication to Warring Nations. The Pan-Am r rican appeal to Mexi co, now being delivered to the chiefs of factions and governors of states, has been made public by the state departmMit. Without even an inti mation or armed intervention, it calls upon the leaders to meet somewhere in Mexico on neutralized ground, in a conference “to adopt the first steps necessary to the constitutional re construction of the country” and to issue a call for immediate elections. The services of the United or any of the other Pan-American conferees are offered as intermediaries to ar range the meeting. The appeal, although addressed to the political and military leaders, takes the form of an announcement to the Mexican people themselves. As made public by the department the document is prefaced by this an nouncement: “The Mexican people are informed that the following communication has been sent to many prominent persons in Mexico who possess au thority or military power within the republic.” Then follows this appeal, dated at Washington, August 11: "The undersigned, tho secretary of state of the United States, the am bassadors extraordinary and plenipo tentiary of Brazil, Chile and Argen tina, and the envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary of Bo livia, I'ruguay and Guatemala, ac credited to the government of the United States of America, acting sev erally and independently, unanimous ly send to you the following com munication: “Inspired by the most sincere spirit of American fraternity, and convinced that they rightly Interpret the earnest wish of thd entire conti nent. have met Informally at the sug gestion of the secretary of state of the United SU.tes to consider the Mexican, situation and to ascertain whether their friendly and disinter ested help could bo successfully em ployed to re-establish peace and con stitutional order in our sister repub lic. "In the heat of the frightful strug gle which for so long has steeped in blood the Mexican soil, doubtless all may well have lost sight of the dis solving effects of the strife upon the most vital conditions of the national existence, not only upon the life and liberty of the inhabitants, but upon the prestige and security of the coun try. We can not doubt, however— 00 one can doubt—that in the pres ence of a sympathetic appeal from their brothers of America, recalling to them these dlaastrous effects, ask ing them to save their motherland from i.n abyss- no one can doubt, we repeat, that the patriotism of the men w ho lead or aid in any way the bloody strife will not remain un moved: no one can doubt that each and every one.of them, measuring in his own conscience his share in the responsibilities of past misfortune and looking forward to his share in the glory of the pacification and re construction of the country, will re spond nobly and resolutely to this friendly appeal and give their Jsest efforts to opening tho way to some saving action. “We, the undersigned, believe that if the men directing the armed move ments in Mexico—whether political or military chiefs—should agree to meet, either in person or by dele gates, far from the sound of cannon, and with no other inspiration save the thought of their afflicted land, there to exchange ideas and to deter mine the tote of their country from such action would result in a strong and unending agreement for the cre ation of a provisional government which can adopt the first steps neces sary to the constitutional reconstruc tion o* the country—and to issue the first and most essential of them all, the immediate call to general elec tions. “An adequate place within the Mexican frontiers, which for the pur pose might be neutralized, should servq_ as the seat of the conference; and in order to bring'hbout a confer ence ot.the nature desired, the under signed wtlT acl .as intermediaries to arrange the time, place and other de tails of such conference if this action can in any way aid 'he Mexican peo ple. “The undersigned expect to reply to this communication within a rea sonable time, and consider that such a time would be ten days after the communication is delivered, subject to prorogation for cause. “Robert lyansing. Secretary of State of the United States. “Hr Da. Gama, Ambassador Extraor dinary and Plenipotentiary of Bra zil. “Edo. Saurez-Mujica, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Chile. •“R. S. Naon, Ambassador Extraordi nary and Plenipotentiary of Ar gentina. “L. Calderon,. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister PlenApQtontiary of i. 'Dswltvrin * Bolivia. “Carlos Maria de loy Ex traordinary lenipo- . .1 T A III !l II mini r " teimary ui u * u&• “Joaquin Mendez. Envoy ExtraordT- - nary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Guatemala.” _ The appeal went forward Saturday to Carranxa and Villa and to more Oaa a score of other military and, laden tkroagboet Mealco. are asked for wlthta tea U ITALIAN RESERVISTS MOB GERllAN SAILORS IN BOSTON Waiting for Homeward Yaasage They Attack Bailors and Ameri can Officers. Several policemen were hurt and sailors aboard the interned German steamer Amerika and Cincinnati were hit by titones anil sticks Sunday when thirteen hundred Italian re servists preparing to sail from Bos ton on the Canopip and their friends made a demonstration against the ships. In the early disturbance which de veloped about formation of a parade of the reservists in North square, three policemen were injured, being stabbed. Ten arrests were made in both outbreaks. The body of reservists, said to be the largest to leave this country on one ship since the war began, was made up of Italians from New Eng land. They had paraded to the com monwealth pier in South Boston, on one side of which lay the Canopic, which was to give them passage to Italy, while on the other side were moored the Amerika and Cincinnati. When the two stewards from the Cincinnati, in their uniforms, were espied on the pier, the crowd jostled them. Both resisted and were joined by a watchman on the dock. The three men were beaten badly before they were rescued by police. The crowd, angered by the rescue, threwe stones at the big liners, smashing port hole glasses and deck fittings, and striking several sailors on the decks. The mob then rushed to the main pier building. The United States customs station was stoned but eight officers forced the crowd back at the point of re volvers. Shots were fired in the air and were answered from the crowd, but later no bullet wounds could be found. Officers used their clubs but few of the disturbers bore marks of the fray. The North square disorders re sulted from the attempt of some of the reservists to make fellow coun trymen who were not going to sail with them shout their allegiance to their flag, according to the police. Ogicers attempted to quell these small, disturbances only to have both sides turn on them, and stones were thrown and knives drawn by the crowd. One officer was slashed slashed across the cheek and arms. COMPLETING LAST APPEAL TO THE MEXICAN LEADERS Washington Optimistir Friday De spite Carranza’s Kef anal to Talk Peace With Villa. State daprtment -officials Friday were busy completing arrangements for the dispatch of the Pan-American appeal to Ihe Mexican factional lead ers railing upon them to end Mexi co's civil strife and assemble a peace conference. The communication, signed by Secretary Lansing and six Pan-American diplomats and approv ed by President Wilson, probably will go forward Saturday. It will be ad dressed to Mexican public officials and military leaders. The delay in forwarding the ap peal is due to the fact that officials want It to have the widest publicity throughout Mexico and to that end are determined, if possible, to see that no one to whom It should be sent is omitted from a list that is be ing prepared. Every effort is being made to reach the leaders of every movement in Mexico, no matter how small. While Gen. Villa has notified the state department of his willingness to enters peace conference, the Vil la agency announces Gen. Carranza’s flat refusal to permit negotiations between his Washington representa tives and those or Villa. Official op timism still was apparent Friday de spite Carranza’s attitud«h x BALKANS LOOK FOR FRESH TEUTON ATTACK ON SERVU Bulgaria's Attitude Dependant Upon — •- r-- , Concession*—Roamanla Be comes Uncertain. Austro-German troops estimated to' number, forty thousand are reported to have begun a drive through Servia. The attack Is being launched frpm the region of Orsova, Hungaria, near the Roumanian frontier, and presum-,|.Government ably marks the opening of the cam paign to hew a patch to Turkey as demanded In Berlin. With this new offensive affairs in the Balkans are brought to a crisis. Besides threatening the final elimi nation of Servia, it also menaces Rou- mania, which against has refused to permit the passage of German mili tary material through her territory to Turkey. It is pointed out in Berlin, how ever, that all indications are that an agreement has been reached with Roumanla, the fact that Bucharest has released her vast stores of grain for exportation to the central em pires being quoted as evidence of this. The Allies for months have pre vented Roumanla from shipping this grain and tbe^fact that she has at last refused longer to heed their warning is taken in Berlin to mean that German diplomacy has been suc cessful at Bucharest. The efforts of both Allies and Teu tons now center at Sofia. So far Bulgaria has made no move while waiting a reply to her proposals to the Entente powers that Servia and Greece turn over Macedonia to her in return for the support of her arms. It is believed this answer will be made within the next fortnight after 'the assembling of the Greek and Ser vian parliaments. Servia continues to protest at what she deems the unfairness of the Bul garian demands, but has shown indi cation that she will make conces sions. Greece, however, is firm in her refusal to give up, any of the ter ritory she acquired as a result of the second Balkan war. * There may be a change in her pol icy, however, when Former Premier Venlzelos returns to power, although dispatches from Berlin state that he will find himself opposed by a power ful pro-German party and that King Constantine will tender him the pre miership only upon the understand ing that Greece will remain strictly neutral. In case Bulgsrta attacks Servia, however, the Athens govern ment Is bound by treaty to support the Slavs. shit ojynroN ENGLISH SPEAKERS ADVOMTE ACTION AGAINST STAPLE further meeting of the Pan-Ameri can conference is planned until they have been received or it may be parent that some of the Mexicans ad dressed do not propose to reply. The conferees confidently expect within a reasonable time enough fa vorable replies to warrant them in extending their aid to arrang^for the proposed peace congress. Carranza’s attitude still is a matter of specula tion. Although his position thq» far has been regarded as defiant, it is hoped the friendly tone of the appeal may lead him to open negotiations wifh^the conferees. It generally is believed he will reply by fcaking counter-proposals of some sort. Should Carranza make no reply whatever, it is expected the conferees will accept the invitation of other factions to arrange details for a peace conference without his partici pation. « * _ In support of a government not representing all of the factions prob ably it would become necessary to ex tend the plans of the Pau-American conference. An embargo on arms against forces which might oppose the new government probably would be-Ufe flrdt-step. - Allies Guard Serbia. The general frontier of Serbia is now guarded by French aviatqrs, the river boundary is protected by an English naval contingent, and there are two Russian batteries of artillery entrenched behind Belgrade, says a Belgrade dlspi :h. of aoveptjr«dlne hundred tom. Eighty ef the crew were saved • A win Isas from Berlin Thureday said eight civiliaL# were kilted by PETROGRAD SAYS GERMAN ARMIES HAVE BEEN STOPPED, TO BE MADE CONTRABAND Receives Information From Official Sources That Eng lish Public Opinion May Force Government to Throw Safeguards Around Fleecy Stuff. KiMsIan Army is* Safe and Offers Stubborn Itenlstance to the Teutonic Honl ^ I'etrograd, Friday: Tlie Russian armies having surrouifully extricat ed themselves from tlie Lerman net are stubbornly opposing tlie (ierman advance toward Bialystok on a line seventy miles to the east of War-. - . saw and on both sides of the rail- understand that upon road between the Polish capital and Bialystok. The Baltic German campaign ap pears to be at a standstill with the nf th( , Russians astride the highway be- tween Vilkomlr and Ponlewesch, threatening the communications be tween these Invading armies. The Germans are approaching slightly nearer to Kovno. They are pounding that position with their heavy guns, to which Russian artil lery is replying effectively. Peasants who escaped from the German labor gangs describe the deliberate pre parations for the assault on Kovno which was begun three months ago. The Germans imported an enor mous mass of structural materials, built paved roads from the westward and dug foundations fifteen feet deep for mortars. When the refugees escaped no for ty-two centimeter guns had arrived, but those of smaller calibre, each re quiring three large tractors, were be- ing hauled into position. NEW. UPRISING IN HAITI Admiral Caperfon Sends Marines Ashore to Keep Order, New urrisings by the Bobo and Zamor factions have broken out at Cape Haifen and have forced Rear Admiral Caperton to establish mili tary rule in the city. This statement was issued at the navy department at Washington Friday: “Admiral Caperton reports that on account of disturbed conditions in and around Cape Haitien, due to the Bobo and Zamor factions, it has be come necessary to take military con trol of the town and conduct affairs in the same morning as at Port au Prince. Civil officials are employed where it is possible and suitable men can be obtained. “Commander Olmsted, command ing officer of the Nashville, has been -placed-in-cbacga and h&s a battalion of bluejackets'’ from the Connecticut ashore to assist in maintaining or der.” Train Kills Bit Track Hands. A Pennsylvania railway train ran into a parcel of workers near Mount Union, Pa., Friday and killed six of them. Big Auxiliary Cruiser Sinks. A German submaripe operating off the Norwegian coast Tuesday sank the British auxiliary cruiser Ttadla, RoumsnU, io had IT asmagetfTFbia a Russian I tattles hip Disabled. The Russian battleship Sinop, IL- 032 tons, is lying in the roadstead off mine that the dsn not proceed. Country. Over 215.000 Armenians are said to have abandoned their country the Russia* armies retreated the Turks who recently ad- Information confirming reports that England may soon put cotton on her contraband list has reached the state department from official sources, It was learned recently. Am bassador Page at London is said to have advised the administration that, despite reluctance of the British gov ernment to take this step, public cla mor for a new blow at Germany may compel action. An Informal protest to the British foreign office is being considered, ac cording to authentic reports. This would precede a formal note. Presi dent Wilson and the state depart ment are daily in receipt of appeals and protests /rom cotton interests re garding the obstructions already in stituted by England against cotton commerce. They are also urging cot- tion to forestall placing cotton on the British contraband list. The president is devoting much time to study of the cotton situation. It will be referred to in a section of the forthcoming note to Great Bri tain regarding her general Interfer ence, particularly by her orders in council, with American commerce. This note will be completed shartly. Lord Robert Cecil, parliamentary undersecretary for foreign affairs, in a formal interview Friday, defining the British government's attitude in the cotton situation, made this state ment: “The Allies must by all lawful mnuiN prevent cotton rewriting theM enemies; It may he conhUieresl neces sary to make cotton contraband.” At the same time Lord Cecil re frained from any hint that the com modity would be removed from the free list at any specific date, or that the government had evolved any so lution to meet the demands of Amer ican cotton growers and neutral con sumers. He said explicitly, however, that if cotton were made contraband England would consider the act legal and internationally justified. The statement, being the first in behalf of the government outside parliament relative to cotton, and coming at a time when the public is clamoring for drastic action to shut off the supply from Germany, Is taken in some quarters to presage this step In the near future. Lord Cecil’s statement, which is prefaced with the explanation that It describes the government's position concerning cotton “so far as It is at the moment possible to define It,” says: “The British government Is giving the cotton situation its continuous and most earnest consideration. We a satis factory adjustment of the matter de pends to a considerable degree the welfare of nearly a quarter of the population of the United States. The hole population of Great Britain, also, is Involved, as well as that of all Great Britain’s allies, for whom the British govern ment is acting in these and other matters concerning contr. band and trade. “The fundamentals of the situation are quite clear. The Allies must by all lawful means prevent cotton reaching their enemies. That is a vital military necessity which all the World will recognize. “At the same time, and equally important, consideration must be given to a great cotton producing country like America and to consum ing countries like Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Holland. A policy must be devised which will respect the le gitimate rights of neutrals and yet safeguard the legitimate interests of the Allies and inflict as much dam age as possible upon our enemies. “Cotton has not been declared con traband, but under our blockade all cotton which is believed to be des tined for Germany is stopped. It may be considered necessary to make cotton contraband. There is a de mand in the allied countries that this should be done. There is assuredly ample justification for the cotton if it is deemed necessary. v “Cotton is a very import, an es sential ingredient in fact of propul sion explosives. Copper is contra band by all the laws of the nations, yet in the present war cotton has shown to be more important than (nipper. There may be a substi tute for copper in making munitions of war. For cotton there is no known substitute. If American cotton goes through to Germany the Germans use it to kill allied soldiers. Therefore, cotton must .not go to Germany. “Making cotton contraband would be a distinctly legal action and can be internationally justified beyond protest. So far as American cotton is concernedr-bowever, -the problem of marketing cotton on this side would undergo little change. Ameri can cotton destined for Germany is now stopped. If the product were made contraband, it would be stop ped in the same manner. The princi pal difficulty would be that if cotton were contraband, shipments from America, which were suspected of be ing for Germany would be seized and would be liable to confiacatlon by prize court procedure if proof were obtainable of German destination, whereas now the eOUen te hut aoA asssettrtly saniaselad “In any case, whether cotton' it contraband or not, the Allies must permit nentral trading in this pro duct. American growers moat be given their market In neutral conn- trtea. even if they are adjacent to Germany. How to pty to more forward, and yet sure that none of It will go to the enemy, conatitutos n complicated problem of great dimensions. “We are Interested only In keep ing cotton out of Germany. We not only do not object to Its going to neutral countries, hut ws, in fact, are anxious that it should go in order that there shall be minimum incon veniences to the neutrals concerned. “It is obvious what the loss of German and Austrian markets will mean to American cotton growers. We fully realize that If there Is no German and Austrian outlet prices ■may go down and that Americana will suffer unless some means are de vised for compensation. Proposals in that direction have been made and are receiving careful consideration. What will come of them I can ngt bay at this time. Cer tainly I am not at liberty to Imply that favorable action will be taken, nor .will I say that it will not. “All Americans must be fully aware of the complicated and gigan tic character of any scheme of this sort and the study it will require be fore being put into oper&t'on. I hope America will not be impatient, but will rest assured that the govern ments of the Allies will give every consideration to the legitimate inter ests of all neutrals.” At a meeting held last week in London to impress on the govern ment the necessity of declaring cot ton contraband, Sir William Ramsey, the scientist, declared cotton was the only substance required for the man ufacture of munitions with which the Germans could not supply them selves. He said no chemical products can take the place of cotton in propulsive ammunition. Sir Charles Macara, president of the Master Cotton Spin ners’ association of Great Britain, presided, and Sir William was the principal speaker. An inspired statement published in most of the newspapers deprecating the action to make cotton contraband and Intimating that negotiations with the United States on this subject were proceeding lessened interest in the meeting but both the presiding offi cers and speakers were insistent that Immediate action should be taken. In opening the meeting Sir Charles said he had no doubt manufacturers of explosives had consume! a large part of the cotton surplus created by the wpr and added: “We must utilise our command of the highways of the sea, both phy sically and diplomatically, to prevent cotton reaching enemy countrtee, while at the same time acting fairly in the interest of neutral countries.” He was sure the government had given anxious consideration to thin complicated problem and said there was no doubt that the stocks of cot ton accumulating at Liverpool had shown an improvement was 'Inking place, but that it was necessary that strong and well considered measures should be carried out to keep cotton from the countries with which Great Britain was at war. Sir William Ramsay, who second ed a resolution passed demanding that cotton be declared contraband, asserted that while substitutes for cotton could be used in making nitro cellulose none had what was called the “ballistic power” of cotton, and If anything else were used by the Germans it would necessitate enlarg ing the chambers of their guns and altering the sli'-tts of their rifles, an expedient which not even Germany could be prepared to adopt in the course of a great war. He declared that cotton was going into Germany by devious routes. It was sold, he said, to Dutch and Swed ish companies under a guarantee that it would not be sold to Germany or Austria. While technically this guarantee was not violated. Sir Charles contended it was in reality a subterfuge, for the Dutch and Swedish consignees sold the ship ments to Swiss companies who, in turn, sold them to Great Britain's adversaries. Sir Charles estimated that a thous and tons of cotton Is used every day of the war and he protested that it was grossly unfair to the English sol diers and their allies that Great Bri tain should continue to supply Ger many with this commodity. “Had cotton bene stopped at the beginning of the war,” he said, “we might reasonably expect to see the war nearing an end.” A letter from Lord Beresford was read at the meeting in which he said if cotton had been declared contra band last February the war now would be approaching its final scenes and added: "Cotton is still entering Germany. She might just as well be allowed to import shells. Neutral powers should be informed that we intend to main tain our maritime rights as a bellig erent. Of what use to us is the mas tery-of the sea unless we profit by its advantages? ‘We don’t wish to hamper the trade of the great English speaking nation across the Atlantic. There are difficulties, but difficulties were cre ated to be faced.” The solution of the problem pro posed by Lord Beresford would b6 for the British government to buy up the entire American cotton crop and resell afterwards, even if at a loss. RUSSIANS WEI TIED Semi-official advices received in London indicate that the' Russians have given up hope of holding their second ~~ the Bug Istok, th . tween Grodno and Brest-Lftovsk, is reported being evacuated before the advance of a German army. The German campaign in Poland-is gningl such momentum that a very few days should see nu attack on Brest-Litovsk. The Germans, it is believed, are massing their main forces for a tremendous drive on the Russian center and the continuance of the enveloping movement in the north. i Four German armies are closing in upon Brest-Litovak and another op erating against Kovel, seeks to break the line of communications between this fortress and Odessa. The speed with which develop ments have occurred during the last few days indlcstee to military ex perts that the eastern campaign la ending. It is expected that the great er portion of the Csar's army will escape the German vice, according to best opinion, but the GermansJwUl rein themselves in along the com paratively short front of the Bngand release hundreds of thousands' of men for use in the Balkans and viest. It Is not believed the Germans will attempt to go farther Into Russia than the Bug lines and the reported plan for a drive on Petrograd la scouted. The general opinion is that the Balkans will be the next big scene of operations with the Austro- Germans endeavoring to bew a path to Constantinople and rellevw Mm Turks before the Allies Dardanelles HERMANS CONTINUE DRIVE'' AGAINST RUSSIAN ARMIES Raeiow the North The Germans, according to Berlin, again are sweeping back tho Rus sians. Gen. von Bnntostej crating west of the river Dvtnsk again has taken the offensive, and, according to Berlin! has beaten the Russians in the vicinity of Knbtake and pushed them back In a easterly direction, taking mor o thousand prinoaen. To south the Russians, according to tho' ne source, mode an nneucceenfal sortie from Kovno. which the Ger mans are approaching. In the Polish sector the are slowly advancing on I ovsk. While they continue to take prisoners, they claim no captors of artillery or booty, which military ob servers say Indicates that the grand duke’s armies continue their orderly retreat and that for n long time to come will be able to prevent Urn Ger mans from detaching nay port of their army for large ventures else where. The only evidence of activity out side of Poland and the Baltic prov ince is on the Servian frontier, where bombardment of Belgrade by tho Germans and Pnnscovn by tho Ser vians has boen resumed. ttempta to < he Servian the Danube near tho Roumanian borders have pused, but military expert* believe this region will be tho scene of tho next Austro-German offensive. — ■ we <■ DEFENDS ARMS SHIPMENTS WITH AUSTRIAN PRECEDENTS i Wilson Investigates Eastland. President Wilson is preparing to make a detailed study of all infor- matLon.obtalnable regarding.the Enat- land disaster in Chicago with a view to learning whetbfr any federal of ficials were in any way to blame. . ■■ ■ Larne Shipment of Gold. A special Jraln carrying fifty-two million dollars of gold and securities shipped by the Bank of England from London, by way of Halifax, N. S., to New York, arrived Wednesday. British Aircraft in Raid. English aeroplanes claim to have and . eight to navebombarded the, Our Note Flatly Denies That These Make Up Urn- neutral Acta. The state department has made public the reply of the United,8t_. rejecting views set forth by the Ac tro-Hungarion government in u cent note contending that exporta tion of war munitions from America to Austria’s enemies was conducted on such a scale ay to be “not in sonance with the definition of trality.” Though friendly, the note flatly denies the Austro-Hungarian con tent ior, and recalls that that coun try and Germany furnished moni tions to Great Britain daring the Boer war, when England's could not Import nuch supplies. In this connection the note suggests that had Austria and Germany refused to" sell arms to Great Britain at that time “on the ground that to do so would violate the spirit of strict neu trality,” the Imperial and royal gov ernment might with greater consist ency and greater force urge its pre*- ent contention. The pote insists that the United States is pursuing a strictly neutral course and adhering to a, principle on which it would depend for mt Lions In the fharjtets of the worfi. _ it should be attacked by a foreign ' power-. • • • Hiss » ♦ * Italy to Send Out Huge Army.;! According to Captain Dei _ who arrived from Italy Monday Italian government will dispatch army of six hundred and fifty tlx and to the Dardanelles to help allied troops there. Amed Duses city of Smyrna. of was sunk aeroplane Carry Bags of The Italian Infantrymen protect themselves against shrapnel white i iL: