Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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1 * * 4 l 1 BEIMANy rain f "■ • OPINION MAY UNDERGO REVUL SION IN OUR FAVOR PLANS. FOR BIGGER NAVY; WILL BUILD MANY SHIPS RED CROSS HAS TO GIVE UP WORK ON THE BATTLEFIELDS Large Submarine Flotillas (or Both American Doctor* and Nurses are to AWAITING BRITISH NOTE Germans Believe We Should Act Vig>- orousily (or Freedom of Seaa if We i ■ are Really Neutral—Vigorous Note to Great Britain Will Win Much Admiration for United States. A dispatch from B srUn to the .New., York Times gives an excellent ac count of the German attitude to thd. American note. Says the dispatch: In President Wilson’s sharp tone to ward Germany and what they regard as his gentle protests to England, Germans feel resent’ully that they see proof of a partisanship that vio lates neutrality. Germans are frankly skeptical about the president's good faith in his forthcoming note to England, but the text of that document will be awaited here with keener interest than was any note Air. Wilson evor sent to Germany. . Everything, it is felt in Germany, depends on that note. If President Wilson warns England against fu ture transgressions against the free- dom-of-the-seas principle in the same uncompromising and unmistakable tones that he used toward Germany, a dramatic revulsion of feeling can be looked for. He would probably win the admir ation of even the hard-headed and practical Germ-ns who can not un derstand why President Wilson should want to argue rbout an ab stract principle, thereby hampering them in their fight for existence un less (and here is where tho German mind definitely goes astray) he se cretly sympathizes with the enemy. If the president's next note to England Is gentle In tone and friend ly, It will tend to confirm the Ger mans’ worst suspicions. Then “full steam a bead” will be the order in the submarine war on English com merce “regardless of consequences." It Is almost certain now that Ger many will answer the American note. Officials believe that it contains nu merous errors and contradictions, which must be pointed out, even though it will do no good, as Wil son's mind is made up for all time, they think. The procedure will probably be as follows: The American note will be submitted for exhaustive study to all departments interested and concern ed. This process will take at least a month.- The formulation of tho Ger man answer would take at least an other two weeks. The present indi cations are that it will be a cate gorical negative. While It is learned from a good source that no new or modifying or ders have been sent to submarine commanders since the note was re ceived, there is a general fellng that every possible human precaution will he used for the next few weeks at least that nothing may happen which President Wilson could construe as a deliberately unfriendly act. The Ger mans show a very sincere desire to avoid a crisis. Unusual significance r.ttaches to the following message from Berlin to the Frankfurter Zeltung: “Undoubtedly the German govern ment will answer the American note, for it contains so many errors and contradictions that it can not do any harm if they are exposed by the proper authorities although one can hardly hope that such arguments will have any power of conviction on tho president of the United States, who is governed by unwo.idly theories. “Any one who comes right out and says that the torpedoing of English ships, whether armed or not, will be considered a 'deliberately unfriendly’ act has already made up his mind and does not want any more argu ments, but will wait until events compel him to answer tho question and to decide whether to accept the consequences of his views.” The feeling prevalent in eVcn in tellectual circles is typically express ed by iProfessor Forster of Munich, writing in the Berliner Tageblatt: “No ono would approve more un conditionally than Germany Ameri ca’s mission to secure the freedom of the seas,” he says. "The mistake of thq United States consiots only in di recting her action against Germany first instead of against England, which time out of mind, and par ticularly flagrantly in this war, has Violated the interests of sea com merce by adanting the practice of might above right. “Our submarine war is the only possible means of forcing England to acknowledge the freedom of the seas. The American, note has the right Coasts— Aeroplane to be Developed. From authoritative sources The New York World has obtained a gen eral outline of the reports that Sec retary Daniels and Secretary Garrison will present to President Wilson re garding a definite program for a larger army and navy. It is upon these reports, as finally approved by the president, that the two secretaries will base their estimates of expendi tures which congress will be asked to provide. The navy program is: 1. The construction of at least four superdreadnoughts and probably two battle cruisers of the British Queen Elizabeth type. The United States navy at the beginning of the year was Jten first-line ships behind the number h| reqsuiced by the policy laid down by the ilavy general board in 1913. 2. The construction of a large number of destroyers. The navy, on the basis of its present number of big ships, built and building, was ninety two destroyers short of the complement determined upon by the general board of four destroyers to each'battleship The navy now has forty battleships of all types and only sixty-eight destroyers. — — 3. The construction of upward of 100 submarines, furnishing a comple ment of fifty for each coast. 4. The construction in the aero nautical base at Pensacola, Fla., of a plant for the construction of hydro aeroplanes, capable of turning out at least three machines a week, or as fast as officers can be trained to oper ate them. 5. Increase in enlistment authori zations to bring the enlisted person nel immediately up to full strength for all ships, built and building, which might be utilized in time of war—an increase of about 18,000 men. 6. Enlargement of the capacity of the naval academy at Annapolis with a view of overcoming at the earliest possible moment the existing shoVt- age of 900 officers, on the basis of the ships built and building, to say nothing of the needed increases through extensions in the aeronauti cal and submersible branches of the naval establishment. 7. Authorization for the expendi ture of a large lump sum at the di rection of the secretary of the navy, with a view of taking advantage of Improvements and desirable -innova tions immediately upon their discov ery. • 8. legislation giving the board of civilian inventors, which Secretary Daniels recently created a status be fore the law. Secretary Josephus Daniels tele graphed The World from a point In North Carolina as follows: “We are now studying what has been learned by the European war that will constitute the best guide for the larger naval program- The out standing lessons are three: “1. The value of the submarine. The last congress authorized twice as many submarines as any previous congress and also authorized the building of three seagoing subma rines larger than any nation has yet constructed. We are building one submarine in the navy yard at Ports mouth, N. H , and must build others in navy yards, thus securing compe tition between govemme£ plants and private construction companies. We are expecting to get better batteries. Two have already been ordered from Edison and will be shortly installed, one in an old and one in a new sub marine. Naval experts and civilians are trying to improve the motors, which are now difficult to obtain. We are planning for new submarine bases ashore and for new tenders for sub marines. The perfection of the sub marine and the construction of a large number of additional ones may be said to be receiving most earnest consideration by naval experts and naval statesmen. “2. The European war has empha sized the value of aircraft as a naval aid. The last congress recognized the Importance of aircraft and gave us »1 ,000,000 to begin a fleet of scouts in the air. We have establish ed at the abandoned navy yard at Pensacola an aeroplane station with school for instruction and shops to repair machines, and the construction of our aeroplanes at Pensacola. Im portant experiments are being made at the Washington avy yard. I had made contracts to buy hydroaero planes in Germany and in France just before war was declared. These can not be secured now. But we have placed orders also with home com panies and are buying all types that are suitable for our service made by American manufacturing concerns. Almost daily we are assigning young officers to the Pensacola school, so we will have trained men to fly in the new. craft ordered. Gome Home in October- * Some Stay In Belgium. American Re<f Cross doctors and nurses will be withdrawn from Euro pean battlefields October 1, because of lack of funds, acocrdlng to a Red Cross announcement recently made. The two units in Belgium, where the greatest need exists, ni&y be continu ed, but the other fourteen will return to the United States. The Serbian sanitary commission and other work supported by special contribution will go on as long as those contributions are available, but thb general fund of $li560,000 col lected in the United States will be ex hausted on October 1. • The Red Cross, the report shows, sent to Europe 367 persons on hu manitarian enterprises. Of those, 71 were surgeons and 253 nurses. Forty- three were members of the Serbia: sanitary commission. ’England, France, Russia, Germany, Austria- Hungary, Serbia and Belgium each received one or more complete hos pitals with doctors, nurses and other attendants. The report shows the Red Cross sent into the war zone almost 1,000,- 000 pounds of cotton for the hospi tals, 882,000 yards of surgical gauze, 65,000 yards of crinoline, 727,000 bandages, 35,000 yards of adhesive plaster, 9,240 stretchers, 10,267 blan kets and 19 motor ambulances for the Red Cross personnel. Vast quant ities of drugs and medicines were sent. There were four army field hdspltal outfits, fifty army hospital tents and thirty field medical tents. Services rendered belligerent coun tries are summarized thus: Austria, eleven shipments, value 897,683; Bel gium, twelve shipments, 96,708; England, thirteen shipments, $87,- 845: France, twenty-four shipments, 8216,155; Germany, eight shipments, $182,795; Italy, two shipments, $14,- 451;-Montenegro, three shipments, $15,526; Poland, one shipment, $7,- 200; Russia, nine shipments, $89,- 613; Serbia, eight shipments, $130,- 686; Turkey, two shipments,',$12,- 536. The financial statement shows ex penditures of $1,450,306, leaving a balance of $174,818 on hand, for which the demands already are heavy. a-rail HAITIEN PRESIDENT SHOT TO 4 DEATH BY ENRAGED TEBELS After 190 Were Executed He Sought Refuge in French Embaiwy Where He Is Caught A revolution, more terrible in the toll thns far taken than any even In the days of N<rrd Alexis, flamed out in the Haitien Capital of Port-au- Prince Tuesday. It was an off-shoot of the movement to the north, where the adherents of Dr. Rosalvo Bobo, twice expelled from Haiti, for sev eral months have been striving to break the powerful Haitien President General Viiibrun Guillaume. One hundred and sixty men. in cluding a former president of Haiti, Gen. Orestes Zamoe, have been exe cuted by order of Gen. Oscar, gover nor of Port-au-Prince, who later In the day was dragged from the shel ter of the Dominican legation and riddled with bullets. A dispatch from Port-au-Prince Wednesday sa; s a mob of infuriated Haitiens Wednesday removed Vilburn Guillaume, president of Haiti, from the French legation, where he took refuge Tuesday, and shot him to death in front of the bailding. Washington reports: The cruiser Washington with Rear Admiral Ca- perton,, seven hundred bluejackets and an expeditionary force of one hundred marines, sailed from Cape Haitien Tuesday night for Port-au- Prince. Rear Admiral Benson, acting secre tary of the navy, received a brief cablegram from Admiral Caperton Wednesday saying that the Washing ton sailed at eight o’clock Tuesday night.- She should reach Port-au- Prince about noon. Admiral Caper- ton will use his discretion about landing marines. GERMANS PLAN TO CAPTURE THE ENTIRE RUSSIAN ARMY # idea, but at the same time it fronts the wrong way. If through our sub- arine war, which is a justifiable mii&smre and action dictated by neces sity, American lives are endangered America ought to protest against England’s blockade policy, her use of passenger ships for ammunition transports, fief ft!$use of neutral flags, etc. \ “AmericA can only champion the rights of neutral shipping by main taining herself', the strictest logic of the neutral standpoint. But it is al- ready a breach of neutrality when America protests to Germany instead of protesting to England- inasmuch as she allows her munition shipments to bb covered by American .citizens traveling to Eurqpe on registered auxiliary cruiners of the English - rr- treetl of- fast cruisers has Teutons Attacking Railroad Commu nications to Prevent Escape of Army if Warsaw Falls. * In addition to the capture of War saw, the direct objective of the Ger- Italy Follow* Great Britain. The contraband list of Italy has' reached the state department and study showa that It coaforms to the Britt* government's Ufa. Blockade of neatra] countries la endorsed If It can ha shown that goods art baing aacnrsd by the enemy threap been emphasized. The general board and construction officers are now busy discussing the character of fast cruisers and battle cruisers. Our policy in the navy hitherto has been to sacrifice speed to armor and guns. Now we see the need, if necessary, of sacrificing armor to speed t .._We musL|, have ships that in heavy seas can make, forty knots. The types are yet to be determined upon. “These are the big things the big war has emphasized as the Immediate need in our naval program. "Have we need to change our pol icy as to torpedo .destroyers and dreadnoughts and armor? These are matters ou^ ablest* experts at home and abroad are studying and discuss ing. The general board is holding daily sessions discussing tliese and uthei nsraF'prpbiema. ^ Thu numbfr of additions! officers and men la ud der . consi derat Ion." 1 man-Pollsh campaign of the past two weeks, the Germans evidently are making a special endeavqr to cut communication between Warsaw and Petrograd‘to prevent the successful retreat, if Warsaw falls, of the army now defending that city. To this end they are directing their operaTTsrrrnsrrrr orr-dYiro', according to dispatches from Petrograd, as well as their advance upon Brest-Litvosk by way of Chelm and the right bank of the River Bug. The issues still are undecided, with the Russians claftning temporary advantages. Observers in Petrograd are watch ing with particular Interekt three points around Warsaw .where the German manoeuvres are of special importance. These are the operations on the left bank of the Narew to the rtb of Warsaw nortn or atnst the town against ti jEZLEeasr GERMANS BOMBARD WARSAW; CITY ON VERGE OF CAPTURE Petrogrsd Admits Further Resistance Would be Unwise—Hope for Army's Escape. London reports Friday: Warsaw, the third city of Russia and the goal for which the German armies have been striving since October, Is at last In the throes of a bombardment. Germans in overwhelming numbers are almost at the gates of the Polish capital and dispatches both from the city itself and from Petrograd say that further resistance would be un wise. Discounted not only through France and Great Britain, but in Russia itself, the fall of the city is expected hourly and the problem now is to move the Russian armies intact, threatened as they are from the south by the Austro-Ghrmans and more seriously from the north, where the German forces are aiming at the Iway from Warsaw to Petrograd. This latter menace the British press admits, is imminent and the hope in the allied countries now is for the continued cohesion of the Russian army. The Warsaw post office already has been shifted to some point to the eastward. The populace has been warned to remain calm and presum ably for, days Russian troops have been stripping the city of everything of military value. German aviators are hovering over the city, and, according to German advices, plans have been completed for the triumphant entrance of the German emperor, accompanied by his consort. With Warsaw captured, a great wave of enthusiasm will sweep over Germany and Austria-Hungary and it is predicted here that the armies of the central powers will then seek to force a period of trench warfare in the east, meanwhile throwing a great Weight of men and guns to the west with the idea of resuming the battering towards Calais and perhaps toward Ifeda. BRITISH HAVE HELD UP OVER 600 AMERICAN SHIPS Orders In Council Rapidly Change Laws to Bait the Exigencies of the Occasion. Since the beginning of the war there have been upward of six hun dred seizures and detentions of American ships, and the number of cargoes Involved is far larger, for each ship carries separate cargoes to different consignees. Many of the cases have been settled, but the large number still at issue .have gone throngh the tedious process of prise court pleadings, end this month be gan to take their turn In being thrashed out to a final decision be fore the court itself. British officials, according to a London dispatch, resent any sugges tion that there had been any delay in these prize cases, although the American litigants are smarting un der what they assert is delay. In the prize court the political branch, the crown, has such power that it can even change the existing law to meet new cases. This is done by an "order in council.” At a de cisive stage of the Wilhelmina case the solicitors for the Crown made the point that a neutral ship could be re quisitioned by one of the belliger ents. “The solicitors for the Crown," said the attorneys for the American owners, “appear to have overlooked the fact that article 39 of the prize law is specific against their conten tion.” “That was q*to true up to nine o’clock last nigln,” came the quick reply from the Crown solicitors. “But the claimants appear to be un aware that at nine o'clock last night an order in council was signed en tirely changing that law.” This proved to be the c-.se. A special order in council had been made which had never appeared in the of ficial gazette and which is difficult even now to learn much about. But it fitted this particular case^xactly. ENORMOUS WAR ORDERS CAUSE MUCH SPECULATION Wall Street Experiences Big Day Special Stocks Reach 4 Highest Mark. ifobridled speculation in *he stocks of corporations which have received large orders for war munitions gave Wall street Thursday some of the most exciting hours of its recent his tory. A violent advance was follow- ed by. an equally severe Recline, as the boom in these stocks reached a climax, and all through the day there was a turmoil on the floor of the exchange. , The unusual advances in such stocks as Crucible Steel, Bethlehem Steel, Westinghouse Electric, Repub- ITc Steel ana AHis Chalmers in the earlier days of the week attracted a large amount of public buying, and many reports were circulated of huge profits for these companies. When the market opened there was a wild rush lo purchase the favorite war stocks and prices shot upward. During the day Crucible Steel rose 17% points, to 83; Bethlehem Steel 11 points, to 275. and Allis Chalmers 6, to 32 5-8, all neaf high records. Westinghouse also established a new • • • French gebmarin* Bunk. Berlin say* the French submarine Mariotte was destroyed by a German on inly SI in tho narrows knirt jjoaaession of the railroad is the point at iaane, and along the Bug. One tbonsand MnxWns Killed. Americans arriving at Laredo, Teg- i . any that la recent fighting around Villa Garcia resulted la over a thou sand slain, the mark at 112% and Republic Steel, Xmerican Locomotive afid h numbFF of others made large gains. Headed by Premier Oh aaaa. the caaee'of' the Investigation of brtVry chargee la eoaaactloa with a of tho ministry mho prerjoealy had BECKER IS PUT T9 DEATH; , DIES IN ELECTRIC CHAIR Police Lieutenant Goes to Hla Maker ' Proclaiming and Reiterating Hla Innocence. Charles Becker was put to death In the electric chair at Sing Bing prison at Ossing, N. F., Friday morn ing for the killing of Herman Rosen thal, the New York gambler. The former New York police lieutenant retained hla composure and protested his Innocence to the last. He went to bis death with a photograph of his wife pinned on his shirt over his heart. Three shocks were given be fore the prison physician pronounc ed Becker dead at five-flfty'-llve o’clock. Becker led the way to his own exe cution. He sat up all night on the edge of his cot, calmly talking to Deputy Warden Charles H. Johnson. "I have got to face it," said Beck er, "and I am going to meet it quiet ly and without trouble to any one.” To Father Curry, Becker gave his last message as he took his place at the head of the little file of men that marched to the room of death. His message read: "I am not guilty by deed, or con spiracy, or In any other way of the death of Rosenthal. I am sacrificed to my friends. Bear this message to the world and my friends. Amen." The one-time police officer hesi tated as he entered the execution room. It seemed to the witnsses as if he was startled that the death chair was so near at hand. He look ed quickly at the double row of wit nesses, glanced at the floor, swept with his eyes the whitened walls of the room and then suddenly, as if coming to himself, walked briskly over the rubber mat and seated him self In the electric chair. "Jesus, Mary Joseph, have mercy on my soul," nervously spoke Becker as deputy wardens stepped forward and adjusted the electrodes. Hardly a minute elapsed before the electrode was applied to the right leg, a slit having been previously cut in the trouser leg from the knee down. After the electrode had been firm ly adjusted against a shaven spot on the back of the condemned man's head the state executioner looked at Deputy Warden Johnson who survey ed the figure that was still mumbling the death pra>«' In the chair. John son half turned his head and the exe cutioner jammed the switch. The first shock lasted a full min ute and the executioner said that it was eighteen hundred and fifty volts and ten amperes In strength. It came while Becker was still com mending his soul to his maker. The two prison physicians stepped forward to examine the collapsed fig- ore supported In the death chair by the thick black leather straps. The stethoscope was applied to the heart and Dr. Charles Farr, the prison phy sician. pressed his finger against an artery in the neck. There was still a feeble fluttering of the heart. The physician stepped back from the rubber mat and again the electric current pulsed through the body. The shock lasted seven seconds. Af ter a haaty examination. Dr. Farr asked that a third shock bo given. This lasted five seconds. An exami nation that took several minutes fol lowed. Three physicians among the witnesses then made an examination and Dr. Farr, at flve-flfty-flve o’clock, quietly announced: "I pronounce this man dead." Typographical Error*. Every week this paper, and every other paper In the country, has s number of errors—typographical and otherwise. That’s one of the rea sons a good many people think the editor should have been a blacksmith. But what of the editor's viewpoint? If there's one thing better calcu lated to turn rosy youth to dodder ing old age than, for Instance, to get death notices and weather predictions mixed so that the darned thing comes out in the paper "Mrs. William Wil liams died last night. She has gone where it is—116 degrees In the shade and -with rising temperature to-mor row,’’ well—we’d like to know what it Is. Maybe you think it pleasant to walk down the street and hear some grinning idiot with a head like a Ger man pancake and a brain like an ad dled egg holding up the sheet to caus tic criticism and the editor to con- sclousless scorn! Maybe you think it nice to hear some member of the vacuum family remark that the edi tor must make up his paper with a shovel! Or some Pinhead “Percy won der why the editor doesn’t learn how to set type! No doubt you think it excruciating ly delicious when an item announc tag that Miss Merry Merryvale is to be led to the altar gets into the paper as “led by a halter!” Funny, isn’t it? Yes, it is! It depends on the point of view. Some people may think n paralyzed man with the itch is the ENGLAND TAKES UP DEFENCE OF NEUTRAL BLeCKAK ISlUt OUESTION la Prepariag Note to (ha f Uailed States Great Britain fliiliei itlaaUa Everything to the QaeeUoa of Blockading Neutral Ports to Pro vent Reshlpmeat to Gennaay. Defense of tho right of a belliger ent to blockade a neutral port through which an enemy la receiving supplies, or attempting to market hie own products. Is the chief argumeat to be made in the supplemental note Great Britain Is preparing ta reply to the American protest against the en forcement of the ordfer in conncil. The original note, received last Monday, has been withheld from pub lication at the request of Sir Edward Grey, British foreign minister, pend ing the arrival of the ‘supplemental communication which is expected within a week. All issues other than that of the blockade of neutral ports, It Is learn ed, will be regarded by the British government as subsidiary and proper for later discussion. Upon recogni tion by neutral governments of the principle, from the British viewpoint, depends the ability of a belligerent which has otherwise established con trol of the seas to profit by the enor mous expenditure and sacrifice which made posiblo that control. The matter is all Important in the British view. — Two developments not discussed in the original note will be taken up la the supplemental communication. One concerns the American caveat of July 17, convey lag that the United would not recognize otriers la as a substitute for the provisions of International law. The second point tkm with the eaforc the lioadoa docks of the American steamer Nc 34. The ship was en route tr Rotterdam to New York with a ear- go of non-contraband, mostly of Ger man and Belgian origin. It Included several tho er books, rabbit skins, even some cotton ament blockade of bars aay goods the sale of which height of the ridiculous, hut what does the paralyzed man think about it? We are all apt to make mistakes. Don’t forget that. What would you think if the editor put some of your mistakea into the paper? A man who shaves himself, once came to church with a fine patch of whiskers on his chin which he had overlooked. A young lady let the shoe string on her switch hang down her back, and how a good elder caught the tail of his long coat over the neck of the bottle in his hind pocket and went down the ' street showing that sometimes the strongest .in faith are the weakest in the flesh. But we have no Intention of telling these thing*. As an editor we wouldn't be much of a hairpin if we were b—t ttat war. Jmt remember. ugh. that we are au prone to er- rorr, and the next time you see some thing la the paper which you regard as a sure sun of the editor's feeble see. jkat mladedas the devil did K- Because the principal British argu ment la directed to that phase of the right of blockade which effects goods sought to bs introduced lato aa enemy’s country, it is believed that the British foreign office felt It see ry to supplement the original note by an argument extending the claim to cover the ease ef goods ex ported from the enemy country through s neutral port. Civil war precedents is regard to tbs right of blockade form tbs chief basis of the British urgnmsat, atten tion being celled especially to the flmous Springbok case befere tho United States supreme coart, devel oping the " continuous voyage*’ theory. Though this doctrine, which. It lo asserted, justifies a belligerent tm blockading s neutral port, was strongly resisted by European na tions, the fact that it was finally ac cepted in its entirety by the Alabama claims arbitration was sufficient to make it an Midurm# prioclpl^S I^S^ ternatioual law, according to tho British view. Therefore, the order in council, which is believed by Brit ish officials to be entirely In accord with that theory, will continue to be applied, although with due deference to the orotectlon of legitimate nea- trnl trade. Incidentally It Is contended by Great Britain in its communication that the execution of these orders In council so far has not rssultsd lo any damage to American trade. Ac cording to the British viefcr, that trade haB' waxed enormously large since the beginning of' the war, American treasury figures showing an increase of $200,000,000 In ex ports during eleven months, while the American ocean freight has grown by 744,000 tons. Significant as indicating the amount of American goods entering Germany and Austria, attention is directed to official statements that the exports of the United States to the Netherlands have increased from $93,000,000 to $122,000,000, to Sweden from $12,000,000 to $71,- 000,000, to Norway from $7,000,000 to $35,000,000, and to Denmark from $13,000,000 to $70^000,000. That America received a fair sup ply of goods from Germany notwith standing the wr.r Is shown, the Brit ish government contendc. hy the fact that In eight months the imports from that country *o the United States aggregated $86,000,000, and it is also noted that the import of dyestuffs from Germany was greater than the previous ye-r. A Sleep Recipe. Without testing it, we offer the following sleep charm, as clipped from an exchange: "How to seenrs a good night’s sleep in hot weather Is often a most trying problem, espe cially to the sick. Here .is a method that I find successful: I' poor cold water Into a hot water bottle until about half full, screw top partly on, then with one hand, squeeze upper part of bottle until all air has been forced out. Then 1 tighten the top. and a sofV, ^Jiriwc pi: suit. I wrap this In a toml. or It inside the plUokeass, head so that of a; cool and < ty follow*.