Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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4 IM Dines AIM I - — Hi. SUES UIMUU «im UESUUUSSES AHAIXS AIE SCATTEIED War of Treachw Oomtimaea .la 41m Weat Almost Without Owadm Randan Reports Show Indications of Serious Offensives In East Pras- A1RCRAFT MAKE RAID ZKPPBLDfS SHOP BOMBS ENGLISH CITIES. UPON Fighting In the west Is of an In tsrmlttent nature. An Intimation of the future policy of the Allies is given In a statement taken from a Paris summary of the activities of the past four months, which says: “It con sequently can be'affirmed that to ob tain final victory It Is sufficient that France and her allies know how to wait for it and at the same time to prepare for It with Inexhaustible pa tience.” London reports: “The battle for the trenches in Flanders and France continues almost without cessation from the sea to the Swiss border. “In the mud of Flanders, the floods of the Alsne valley and the snows of the Argonne and the Vosges, the sol dlers of Germany and the allied na tlons keep up a continual fight to hold what they possess and taking something from that held by the enemy." •Berlin reports: "Although spirit ed flighting Is In progress along the western battle front, the engagements are of merely local character. The French made repeated attacks near Arras and south of St. Mlhlel, but were repulsed. The Germans on Thursday captured trenches near Her ( ry-au-Bac and Pont-a-Mousson. but lost ground about Notre Dame de Lo retts. "On Wednesday several successes were claimed, notably at Notre Dame de Lorette and In the Argonne, where 500 yards have been gained. In the forest north of Sennhelm the German advance has been satisfactory. At other points on the line there have been the customary artillery ex changes. Paris reports: "In the Argonne the Germans made a strong attack on Thursday on a salient of our line In the neighborhood of 8t. Hubert Af ter a violent bombardment of our * trenches they began the attack, but were repulsed by the fire of our In faatry combined with artillery fire "There has been no change In the Argonne. To the southeast of St Mlhlel, In the forest of Apremont, we occupied 160 yards of the German trenches sad repulsed a counterat tack. To the northwest of Poat-s Mousson, In the forest of LePtre, the enemy succeeded by a violent coun ter-attack Ut reoccupylng about 20 of the 600 yards of trenches taken by us la recent days. Generally speaking wo are holding ourselves securely In this position. "Tuesday evening the enemy gain ed a footing In one of our trenches to the north of Notre Dame de Lorette. Wednesday morning he was driven from It following a counterattack, leaving in our hands more than one hundred prisoners.” Wednesday's report told of the loss and recapture of a trench north of Notre Dame de Lorette and the re pulse of German attacks In the region of Albert, at La Bolsselle and at La Fontaine aux Chrrmes. At 8t. Hubert the Germans blew up by means of a mine the northeast ern projects n of our trenches Our troops threw themselves into the ex cavations cause! b these exploetons and prevented the enemy from taking possession of them. To the northwest of Pont-a-Mous- son, in the forest of iMPetree, we es tablished ourselves at a distance of 100 yards In front of the German trenches captured by us the day be fore Wednesday. At the end of the day (Tuesday) the enemy here de livered a counter attack but without success. Petrograd reports: "There is noth ing of importance to report of opera tions on Tuesday along our entire front, except the usual rifle firing and cannonading. "In the region north of Rawa the Germans made two attempts at a par tial offensive. These were stopped by our fire and the enemy was compell ed to fall back. “In Bukowink our troops are ad vancing with success. They have oc cupied, after some fighting, the vil lage of Ichane Sohti, about ten miles north of Watra Dorna, where they captured and made prisoners both of ficers and men." London reports: “In Poland and western dallcta the Germans and Aus trians continue Isolated attacks against the Russian lines, which, ac cording to the Russian report, have been repulsed, with heavy losses to the attacking forces. "The Russians have resumed of fensive operations against Mlawa, a town that already has changed hands often, and it appears they will again •attempt to envelop the German forces holding the line of the Mazurian lakes and avenge themselves for the defeat of Tannenburg. ' “On the rest of the Polish front and in Galicia, Austro-German at tacks are becoming more intermit tent, according to the Russian report, which la generally brief when big • evenU are happening. The Russians continued their progress against the Austrian outposts in the mountains between Bukowina and Transylvania. v 'WTreIe«8 dispatcher from Berlin refer to the recent attack on English , coast towns as having been m'adeby Zeppelins and other dispatches rnport that the Germans officially explain the throwing of bombs by the fact that in their expedition Against the fortified town of Orest Yarmouth the air ship# were fired at and retaliated In Cfioody Night , Raiders Escape Bat Imadaa Reports Fall of Oae oa British Soil. r < Loadon reports: “German aircraft made their long threatened raid in England Tuesday night and attempt ed to blowup with bombs the klng’i royal residence in Sandringham County Norfolk. "It is not definitely known wheth er the raiders were Zeppelins or aero planes, but Zeppelins were reported Monday as passing ovsr the North Sea in a westerly direction and some believe there were the raiders. “The night was cloudy, which made It Impossible for the people in the town over which the raiders passed to distinguish even the outlines of the aircraft, though the whirr of their propellers and the droning of their motors could be heard. “Bombs were dropped in Yar mouth, Kings Lynn, Sandringham Cromer, Sherrlngham and Beeston Everywhere except at Beeston, cas ualties and damage to property re sulted.” Yarmouth reports: “A hostile air craft passed over Yarmouth at 8:30 o’clock Tuesday night and dropped several bombs. Considerable damage to property resulted, and there was loss of life. “One man Is reported to have had his head blown off. One bomb fell in Norfolk Square, close to the sea front, and another on the sobth quay A third struck the York Road drill hall, fragments of the shell crashing through the glass roof of the billiard room at the headquarters of the na tlonal reserve. A fourth missile fell near the Trinity depot. "Great excitement ensued and spe cial constables, the police and the military were called out to calm the people, who streamed out of their homes. The electric supply was cut off Immediately, and the town was plunged In darkness. "The whirring of the propellers first attracted attention to the air craft* Then came the explosions and the sound of breaking glass. The first bomb fell nssr the recruiting ground and the others near the drill hall. I all, five bombs were thrown. After the attacks the aircraft sailed in southwesterly direction." Kings Lynn reports: “It was at 10:45 o'clock when the loud whirr of a Zeppelin approaching Kings Lynn was heard. "Reaching Kings Lynn, the aerial visitor circled unseen over the town and dropped four bombs, which ex ploded with terrific detonations "Great flashes of light accompanied the explosions. One bomb exploded near the docks, throwing splinters from Its shall Into the market places Another started a Are. "After hovering ovsr the town for fifteen minutes the Zeppelin appear ed to continue its Journey along tbs borders of The Wash " loadon reports: "Three German airships passed over the Island of Ameland, in the North Sea. at 2:30 Tuesday afternoon, according to tele grams from Nes. the principal town of the island. They were filing in westerly direction. “A Zeppelin has beeh brought down at Hunstanton, by the fire of s warship, a few miles north of Sand* rlngham, according to a dispatch from Kings Lynn to the Central News. "At Sherrlngham a bomb dropped In Wyndham street and went through house, but did not explode. The fuse b came detached. A bomb drop ped at Beeston. but did no damage. The bombs measured nearly four inches in diameter.” J NES INTO OFFICE MANNING TAKES OATH BEFORE A VAST ASSEMBLAGE ' BAS IV SPEAK TWICE "With all her other occupations England has found force to deal with the "Mad Mullah," who has been stlrri g up the tribes In Somalliland and attacking those friendly to Great Britain. The mullah's adherents have been defeated or scattered. "It is believed that the Turkish Caucasian army will not retire to Erzerum, but will be put In readiness for defence against the Russians when they decide to advance. It Is considered likely, however, that the Russians will be content for the pres ent with successes already gained in this region and turn their attention to Turkish forces in Azerbaijan be fore Invading Turkey.” Petrograd reports: “*AU)ng p 60- mlle front, from Clechano^, south of Mlawa, to Dobrzyn, on the Vistula, 2 miles below Plock, the Germans are on the defensive against the Rus- sion advance towards East Prussia. Heavy artillery engagements have oc curred at various points. . , "Meanwhile the struggle is In pro gress for possession of the left bank of the Vistula, from Its junction with the Bzura at Wiszogrod westward to Dobrzyn, about 45 miles. 'Possession by the Russians of Wiszogrod and their footing on the left bank of the Bzura affords them a base for operations against the Ger mans who are in force west of that positiomf dnd effectually prevents a movement upon Nowo Georgiewsk, the German objective in the advance toward Warsaw from the north. In endeavoring to retake drenches cap tured by the Russians Immediately west of Wiszogrod the Germans were reported to have lost 900 men. Cow Wrecks Fast Train* A Coat Line Limited was wrecked between Taqy^agnd.Jacksonville Sat urday. A cow tm,the track was hurl ed against a swrthh. The impact opened the switch and four cars turn ed over. Masked Men Rob Bank. Three masked men "robbed the Bank of Terloon, Ok la., of 13 3,0 00 and in an exchange of shots with a posse Tuesday killed a deputy. ♦ Huge Crowd on the Outside of Legis lative Hall Walts to Hear Governor Who Talks to Them From Capitol Steps After Delivering Inaugural Address on Floor of House. Amid the acclamation of thou sands Richard Irvine Manning was inaugurated governor of South Caro lina Tuesday at noon. 'Hie oath of office was taken by the new governor in the hall of the House of Repre sentatives in the presence of the joint session of the Senate and House, Su preme court justlcoc, State House of flcials and a tremendous crowd of people, thouands of whom were un able to get even Into the lobby of the capitol. Chief Justice Eugene B Gary, of the State supreme court, ad ministered the oath of office to Gov Manning and immediately thereafter he delivered his inaugural address Lieut. Gov. Andrew J. Bethea took the oath of office after Gov. Manning concluded his address, Chief Justice Gary administering the oath to him The largest crowd which has at tended an inaugural in Columbia in years witnessed the Induction of Gov Manning into office. All night Mon day night and early Tuesday morning the people poured into Columbia on special and regular trains, and long before the hour for the Inaugural the hall of the House of Representatives where the exercises were to be held was packed. Plans to have Gov Man ning deliver his Inaugural address from the steps of the capitol had to be abandoned, owing to the disagree able cold day. Gov. Manning arose from a sick bed to take the oath of office, and friends would not hear to him risking the cold wind, however much It was regretted that it was necessary However, owing to the inability of thousands to hear the address of Gov Manning, after the exercises In the hall of the House, addressed the mul titude from the capitol steps mighty shout went up as he followed his escorts through solid lines of humanity from the House to the capi tol steps, and his few remarks were tumultously cheered. Gov. Manning thanked the people for their reception and asked them to help him put be hind all of the factional bitterness and strife and to march onward, lift ing South Carolina ever higher and upward. He touched the hearts of his sudHort for they broke into thun derous applause, while cries of “Hur- rat/Vor Manning" rent the sir from thousands of lusty throats Immediately after his short speech from the capitol steps Gov. Manning held a reception in the library of the State House and thousands tiled by and shook his hands and wished him "God-speed” In his task of adminis tering the laws of South Carolina for the next two days. He was tired but happy when the m Ititude had all 111 ed by. and his face was constantly wreathed in smiles at the good fellow ship and the earn s ness with which the people rejoiced at his accession to the governorship. It was exactly 11:55 o'clock when Speaker James A. Hoyt dropped his gavel and called the House to order. As the clock on the city hall rang out the hour of noon Sergeant-at-Arms Wilson announced that the Senate was In the lobby and the House arose while the senators filed In and took their seats. • Walking at the head of the senators was President Pro Tem Walker, with United States Senator E. D. Smith on his right hand. ( Sen ator Walker ascended the speaker's stand and took charge of the joint assembly and Senator Smith occu pied a seat with the senators. The House galleries were packed and jammed long before noon, and all of the available space on the floor of the House was utilized, but thou sands of people continued to jam into the lobby of the State House, the space way over to the Senate being crammed closely. The jam continued on the piazza of the capitol and down the north steps almost to the foot of the Confederate monument, and each minute, as the hour of noon grew nearer, hundreds more joined the waiting throngs and tried to get In to see the ceremonies. The sergeant- at-srms and the doorkeepers had a herculean task in holding back the crowd, and several times the crowd flowed over the outer doorkeepe#, only to be halted and turned back at the Inner door. The wife and family of the gover nor-elect arrived and were given seats occupied by the Richland delegation oh the floor of the House. At five minutes after 12 o’clock the sergeant- at-arms of. the House announced that the governor and lieutenant governor- elect, with their escorts, were at the door. President Walker called the oint assembly to their feet, and as Gov.-elect Manning appeared at the door of the House on the arm of Chairman George W. Dick, of the ways and means committee, a cheer broke out, which swept over the crowded floor aiid through the gal leries, and was taken up and re echoed by the thousands win filled the lobby and stood outsidi on the north steps of the capitol. The new governor walked down the aisle to the speaker's stand to continued cheering, which would ever and anpn break out with renewed volume. First came Gov.-elect Manning, es corted by Representative George W. Dick, followed by Gov. Charlee A. Circuit Judge bur R. Berkeley John aad Fraser. Wilson, the Rev. Arthur add the State House officials, walking two and two. President Walker rou ped for order aad introduced the Rev Arthur R. Berk cl y, rector of the Church of the Holy Communion, of Philadelphia, Pa., and a son-in-law of Gov. who invoked the Divine bleeslng on the day’s exer cises. President Walker announced that the governor-elect was present and ready to qualify. In an impressive manner Chief Justice Gary adminis tered the oath of office to the new governor, the governor’s repeating d 1 the .oath being In a clear and calm voice, audible in all parts of the crowded chamber. At its conclusion another great cheer went up, and it was several minutes before the gov ernor could begin his inaugural ad dress, so great was the applause add cheers. By this time the crowd had' pushed half-way up the main aisle, so eager were the efforts of tfiose jammed In the lobby to see. Sergeant-at-Arms J. Fred Schumpert, of the Senate, held the crowd in check, while the governor began his speech. Twice the speech was interrupted by efforts of those in the rear io push lute the hall, and finally President Walker ordered the Inside door closed, which checked the disorder, and Gov. Man ning proceeded with his remarks The tone of the inaugural and the keynote of constructive legislation, which the new governor struck, met with the warm approval of tbd peo pie, who listened closely at every word and outburst of applause would force Gov. Manhlng to suspend for several minutes. Especially did his recommendation for compulsory edu cation with local option feature, in crease of child labor age limit to 14 years. Working Men's Compensation Act, land registration, tax commis sion,, meet with hearty responses. When Gov. Manning paid a tribute to the last Democratic state convention and the good work they did In order ing a personal enrolment of voters tremendous cheers burst out. His recommendation for liberal support of the National Guard, which, he said, must be made effective and efficient, drew more cheers. His declaration that he intended to enforce the laws started what was little less than an ovation and his appeal to the people and the legislators to help him In his task of getting away from factional Ism and bitterness drew further ap plan se. Just as Gov. Manning was con- chiding his inaugural address the sun broke through the clouds and lit up the hall of the House and shone with full vigor on the man wno will hold the reigns of government for the next two years In South Carolina, adding nature’s smile to the rejoicing of people at the installation of Richard I Manning in the office of Chief Mag istrate and making an auspicious be ginning for his administration. Another ovation was given Gov Manning when he concluded. Chief Justice Gary then adminis tered the oath of office to Lieut. Gov Bethea and he took charge of the joint assembly. The lieutenant gov ernor thanked the people for the warm-hearted reception, cheers hav ing greeted his induction into office. He pledged himself anew to the ser vice of the people and was given rousing cheer. Gov. Manning was escorted to the capitol steps, where, after a brief speech to the assembled thousands, he went to Xhe library and shook hands with Several thousand. The joint assembly was then dissolved the Senate returning to its chamber Gov. Manning took charge of the chief executive's office and was greet ed by scores of friends, who pressed in to shake his hand and to offer congratulations. Telegrams of con gratulations arrived from friends in various parts of the State and the new governor was kept busy respond ing to the congratulatory messages. STRIKERS SHOT DOWN. Hold up Railroad Train and Hattie Ensues When Guards Arrive. Fourteen men were shot, four of them being mortally wounded, in a pitched battle Tuesday between 215’0 striking laborers and 50 deputy sher iffs at the plant of the American Agricultural Chemical company at Roosevelt, N. J. ^ The fight occurred when the strik ers stopped a Central railroad of New Jersey train from Elizabethport to see if the train brought strike-break ers to the plant. There were no strike-breakers aboard: but a few of ficer employees who were passengers started an outcry, apparently believ ing that the strikers intended harm to them. In answer to the call, fifty armed deputies ran to the scene from the company's plant and a general en counter between them and the strik ers followed. At. first only stones were used. Then some one fired a shot. That was the signal for a fusillade, which apparently came from both sides. None of the deputies were injured, but many of the strikers were struck. The strikers dispersed, carrying away their wounded. SENT TO CONFERENCE. House Refuses Two of Senate Amend- * J * meats to Immigration Bill. The Immigration bill was sent to conference late Thursday by the House, after it had registered its fiii- approval of Senate amendments bar ring ' "members of the African or black race" and exempting agricul tural immigrants from Belgium from the literacy test and the contract Im migration provisions. V SCOUIS USE NONE J' , HOW ARMIES GAIN INFORMATION • OF COMING ATTACKS. ADttPTEO BY BflTB SIDES Both these amendments caused Smith aaaartafi by Senator Laney, protracted debates. Most Southern and right behind them Lieut. Gov.- elect Andrew-J. Bethea, escorted by Senator R. D. Epps. Thea Chief Jus tice Eugene R Gary. «ltb Senator •inkier; Ajeoclate Justice Hy4rick, members favored retention of the ne gro amendment, bet others suggested that to .press it might mean final de feat of the entire Mil. Northern rep- tali vee generally opposed the Scout Hides Fat In Advance of Trenc n es la Hidden Caves and as the Enemy Advances to Attack He Telephones to the Trenches Where and When They Will Attack. A dispatch from Berlin says the German army is responsible for an Innovation in methods of gaining in- formation in the field. This novelty is the so-called “Lauscherposten,” a term of which “listening outpost” is the English equivalent. The lauscherposten differ from the ordinary observation station In many respects. The latter mainly are direct artillery fire, although naturally, all other data of interest gathered care- fully. As a rule these observation stations are so well advanced in the d'rection of the enemy’s line that they become very important In infantry attacks. After the officer in the tree or bush, or hole In the ground, and now ond then in a small, peripatetic straw- heaps, has governed the artillery pre liminaries of an action, he will tele phone to headquarters what progress the infantry attacking parties are making, summoning reinforcements when necessary, suggesting changes In the lirection of attack, retarding, arresting, or acclcratlng the progress of part of tho attacking lines, become Ing in fact the general director of the operation. The wide sphere of this post may also be looked upon as a development of the European war. The purpose of the “lauscherposten" Is to gain from the conversation in the trenches whatever tnformr.tton of military value It may hold. Needless to say, this Is no easy task. At first a Ger man officer would slip quietly through his own lines at night and seek the shelter of a bush or other natured cover near the trenches of the French or English. He had with him a small telephone instrument and a reel of light wire which he would pay out directly. Very much like he old time Indian of the American TtcsI and plains he would gain the cover that had been selected during the dry and then would report whatever seemed of value. To understand the conversa tion in the enemy's trenches or out posts. he had to know both French and Engl'sh thoroughly. In some manner tha French and English learned of the scheme, and thereafter cover offering advantages to a “lauscherposten” received espe cial attention. While the sheafs of grain were still feature of the French and Belgian landscape. Ger man observers would conceal them selves In them, but this ruse soon was discovered. Another method then had to be devised. At first It was expensive in both time and effort, but as the adver saries began to bring their trenches closer and closer together the prob lem of approaching the French and English trenches unseen became eas ier. The subterranean passage to the enemy's trenches became shorter and shorter as the dlrtance between the trenches decreased. To-day the “listening sentinel" overhears the conversation in the French and English lines without much risk of being detected. He en ters the tunnel from his own trenches, creeps through the narrow passage to where It ends in front of the French trench and takes note of the commands, conversations, and other noises that may indicate that an at tack on the German line is immi nent. Although it is extremely haz ardous to have the necessary opening end in the trench of the enemy, this has been done occasionally. General ly. however, the opening Is' outside the trench. f Information obtained in this man ner is transmitted to headquarters by telephone. The many disappoint ments which the French and English have had in finding that their,plans for an attack, especially in night op erations, were known to the Germans were due to the remarkable work of the "listening sentinels.” It is im possible to marshal the troops for a sortie from a trench without giving some indication of what is intended. The "lauscherposten” takes notice of this and acquaints headquarters. There Is no way in which the “lis tening sentinel” may be eliminated. Although the terrains in France and Belgium are small in relation to mil itary manoeuvres on a large scale, they are well too spacious to permit a systematic search for the tunnel of a “lauscherposten.” The French and English have not been slow in imitating their enemy. For that reason soldiers are forbidden to speak in the trenches. It is pos sible, therefore, that sooner or later “lauscherposten” will lose his place in warfare, because nothing can be learned from men who are silent. At no time has the military obser vation system been developed as it has been in the present war. The ‘field intelligence service” is an in stitution as old as warfare itself, but never before has it been employed so generally, and thoroughly. Cavalry scouting and reconnaisance work by Infantry are the oldest of the methods employed. As was expected, the European war has .established that the aeroplane is the most efficient means of modern field intelligence work. Soaring above positions and troops the observer* in an aeroplane are able to report the minutest details. Representative AJkaa's bill, intro- MANNING AND HIS RFC ; .» f , — . SHORT SKETCH OF MAN WHO IS NOW GOVERNOR. Hia Family Has Long Been Pfood- nent la the History of the Palmetto State. Richard Irving Maqning, who was Tuesday Inaugurated governor of South Carolina, is a self-made man. He has been successful as a banker, farmer and business man. Richard Irving Manning, son of Richard Irvine Manning, and his wife, Elizabeth Allen Sinkler, was born at Homesley Plantation, Sumter county. South Carolina, August 15, 1859. The father, a man of equable tempera ment and gentle and unobstructive in manner, .was noted for his excellent judgment and scrupulous uprightness in life. He impressed all as an hon orable and just man and his opinion naturally in matters of moment was often sought. He was a successful farmer and served acceptably in the State Senate. ] Gov. Manning’s paternal ancestor, Laurence Manning, was llorn in Ire land and Immigrated thence prior to the American revolution and settled lii Craven, subsequently Clarendon county. He married a daughter pf Richard Richardson, a, distinguished patriot, born near Jamestown, Va., 1704, where he had been a land sur veyor, removed to Craven county. South Carolina, where he engaged in farming. During the Indian border war he commanded a regiment: was member of the conncll of safety in Charleston In 1774; and for his ser vices in quelling a dangerous Loyalist revolt in the "back country,” receiv ed the thanks of the provincial con gress and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. He was a mem ber of the legislative council in 17"6. and in the provincial congress or South Carolina, assisted in forming a State constitution. Lord' Cornwall's made limitless efforts to gain him over to the royal cause. Made prison er at the capture of Charleston, he returned from the prison nt St Aukustine and died in a few days near Salisbury, N. C., in September. 1781. Hts eldest son. Col. Richard Richardson, commanded the right wing of Gen. Francis Marlon's army at the battle of Eutaw and wan wounded. Another son. James P. Richardson, was governor of South Carolina. 1802 to 1804. The same I*awrence Manning, great grandfather of Gov. Richard I. Man ning. was a Revolutionary soldier and was distinguished for his Intrepid, courage and Imperturbability of if meaner In moments of great peril. Int stances of which are narrated la VOarden's Anecdotee.” The early years of Gov. Manning were pasted upon the plantation of his father, and he grew up a healthy and active lad. fond of horseback rid ing and fox hunting. His father dy ing when he was quits young the re sponsible care of the plantation and of his mother and sisters fell upon him when he was a mere lad. His training was of great value to him. It neceeeitated dally Intercourse with the neighbors In varied matters of business, and Impressed him with the value of the golden rule In all his transactions, as well as accustoming him to self sacrifice Gov. Manning's mother was a high ly educated and refined, a sincerely pious woman of a deep religious faith, in whom all consideration of selfish comfort and pleasure were subserviant to her duty to God. to the cause of humanity and the good of her country. The special lines of reading which young Manning found most helpful in fitting him for his work In life were primarily the Bible, and the biographies of men famous In the world’s progress. After at tending the primary schools in the vicinity of his birth place he was for two years a student at the K^nmore University high school of the late H. A. Strode, in Amherst county, Vir ginia, and later at the University of Virginia, which he left in 1879, be fore completing the course of study. He commenced the active work of his life in Sumter county as a farmer in 1880. On February 10, 1881, he married at Richmond, Va., Miss Leila Ber nard Meredith, danghter of John A. Meredith and Sarah Anne Bernard. The first choice of young Manning was for the profession of law. but his eyesight being threatened, he aban doned the study. Gov. Manning was elected to the House in this State in 1892 from Sumter and in 1894, although he de clined the nomination, he was re elected. In 1898 he was elected a member of the State Senate, was re elected in l*^ and served as presi dent pro tem. of that body in 1905. He was also chairman of the finance committee, a m imber of the sinking fupd commission and a member of the Wade Hampton monument com mission. He was a candidate for the Democratic nomination for governor of South Carolina at the primary in 1906,.. but failed of success after a hotly contested campaign.; FRENCH ARfc STARVING. Inhabitants of the Valley of Mens* Are Dying for Food. 4 » Herbert C. Hoover, chairman of the American commission of the Ameri can Commission' for Belgian Relief, retitrhed ti London from a tour of in spection In Belgium and issued this statement: “An appalling situation hasjj.een presen dtetNthe5S-etaoln etaoin etaol presented to the commission with re gard to the French peasantry in the Valley of the Meuse, where there are 10.000 persons absolutely without food. Our investigation there show ed a large number of deaths already from starvation.” , Investigates Price of Wheat. The attorney general is constder- tag an Investigation of the rise in the