Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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- V V w { of the ttmrj gpeoka to Lerfe Crowd on Edncetkm, / and Valnea—Plead* to Oarrx Their Ideal* Their life. ' ~t " of the largeet audience* that attended commencement ex ercises of a Institution of learning, ear* The Charleston New* and Cour ier, gathered at the Hibernian Hall Tueedag night for the annual formal ctostng of the College of Charleston, at which the commencement address was delivered hr the Hon. Josephus Daniels, Secretary of the Navy. Ev ery avattable seat in the capacious hall was taken and many stood In the rotunda outside of the door. The addrea by Mr. Daniels made s splen did Impression upon his hearers, as evidenced by Up frequent ep- le with which his address was Interrupted. The secretory gracefnlly delivered m ringing address, which was punc- tuated with applause. In a humorous wain he made a happy Introduction to •the mare serious portion of his talk, and watting his audience In high good humor by his first words. Ur. Daniels spoke of the close and Irleedly feeling that haa always ex- tsted between the States of North Carolina and South Carolina, and de clared that he, being a native of the dd North State, had a great respect end liking for this State and her peo- #to. The city of Charleston, he said. W*« to be partientorly congratulated sm Jur jaagaifioeat historical record end en the brtgbtnees of her outlook tor the tufa re. Mr. Daniels said that when the de- MBfinseat tanned a call Admiral Helm whi’ his officers at the Charleston ‘navy yard stood ready and prepared r«e a* at abort notice end with the knot lenolts. He said that the navy s ef Its beet features at and Port Royal and that t wee mindful of the its achieved. He made ef Charleston's superior har il* cited the aplen- doae by Tletdr Blue and Other Booth Carolinian* for the navy •f their country. Mr. Daniels asserted that the schol- v arable that was sot used for the up lift end betterment of the people Is a mere ornament; that If college men Ao not taka an active part in politics and pat thir talents and accomplish ments to proper account lor the pub lic affairs fall Into the hands of graft- *«iw mad men unfitted to occupy high Station. He streeed the fact that no man had the right to hold office who &ad not learned first of all to control "fiTtaself. “I beard a man say that he would leuptoe hlmeeK if his patriotism was an narrow that he did not love one > Wart of this country as much as any other part. I would be ashamed of my patriotism If I didn’t love the piece of land on which I was born more than any other place on earth. Patriotism must begin at home. A man must love his home If he expects fcls patriotism to broaden. Affection grows by exercise. If you love your home town you can love your country better, and then you can lore your State better, and your love for your State will strengthen your love for your country, and make It possible for It to burgeon into the national •plrtt that makes us Americans under dll of reams tan oes.” "So, yonng gentlemen,” said the speaker, “you will go out Into the larger life, and as yon enter new weighborhoods and larger cities you -will be tempted to feel that the old wuvlrouments was too narrow and Chat yon must hare bigger tasks. Hut you must carry with you Into your new .field the same principles sad convictions that guided you In your old home community among gieople who love Ood. "I sometimes think that the trou ble with this country Is that we place too much emphasis on convention and not enough on conviction. The men who are true to their convic tions are the only men who are re membered after they have passed sway. And unless a man Is true to hla belief he doesn’t amount to much tn his life here.” "In every time and in every coun T try in the world except ours there baa always been a privileged class, ddld the speaker, but those privileges always carried responsibility—the doctrine that nobility compels. Point ing * picture of knighthood be re minded his hearers that the knights did not spend all their time on their chargers or about the round table. Bvcry tree knight, he said, was rig orously trained for knighthood end la him was thoroughly ingrained the doctrine of noblesse oblige. That is just as compelling now jPWUrbO AWfi .MUoTdd dfe ; ’ V : «r In the days of King Arthur, always entails obligations Desperate fighting to In progress before Saltillo, but the wires direct from the front, silent, It is believed under the order of Gen. Francisco Villa, have brought no details of the engagaments. Whether Villa has fought his way through the outer de fenses of the federal stronghold and la knocking on the gates of Saltillo itself or whether a desperate defense of the positions north of the town have sufficed to check the Constitu tionalist advance, Was uncertain from the little news that came through. The only direct Information reach ing Ell Paso, Tex., was In a dispatch from Isidro' Fabela, acting minister of foreign affair* In the Constitution alist government, which Informed the Constitutionalist Junta tbit Villa had defeatel a force of 8,000 federal* at P&redon, inflicting heavy casualties, capturing 800 prisoners, and much ammunition and other valuable muni tion* of war. Two federal generals were among those said to have been killed. Neither the time nor date of the engagement was specified in Fabela’s dispatch, which whs sent from Du rango. Gen. Carranza and his staff, among whom was Senor Fabela, re turned to Durango late Tuesday night from Sombrerete, Zacatecas. It Is regarded as possible that the news contained In the dispatch may have been sent In a wire from the front some days ago. The mention of the engagement of 5,000 troops at Paredon, 45 miles from the federal base, haa proven a puzzle to men who have followed the campaign closely. The first serious engagement of the campaign was re ported to have occurred near that point Friday when S00 men of the Zaragonsa brigade, under Gen. Raoul Madero, surprised and scattered a federal force of 400. This is the tost direct news of the campaign to reach En Paso from the front although other minor skir mishes were rumored. If the Du rango dispatch Is correct and the en gagement took place after the defeat administered to the federal force by Gen. Madero, it may Indicate that the federato have advanced In force from Saltillo. there would arise a privileged class In this country,. an aristocracy of wealth, but the members were al ways too few to constitute a large class, and too many of these had spent themselves so freely In acquir ing wealth that they did not acquire the sense of noblesse oblige. They had no sense of responsibility and hence could never be looked up to as a nobility. More recently, how ever, such men have come to feel the sense of trusteeship and have given liberally to ameliorate wrongful con ditions. But the only privileged class to-day In America Is one that any man may enter, and the key that unlocks the door of that class is knowlqdge. Any man may enter It who masters his studies and uses his knowledge for the uplift of his fel lows. The man who drinks deeply. In the spring of knowledge and then returns to his home superciliously as one who Is better than others, and who devotes that learning merely to securing social standing or an In come, Is no better thap a miser who hoards his gold while multitudes suf fer in need. Too many colleges have shown a spirit of conventionality, re garding learning for Its own sake, with no appreciation of tho fact that education Is meant to bd common property. Too many of them have been married by class spirit, social snobbishness, sometimes creeping out In fraternities, said the speaker, and it has been seen to throttle the spirit of democracy and rob the col lege of its mission. Woodrow Wilson found at Prince ton a desire for money so strongly entrenched on the board of trustees that even at the hour In which New Jersey looked to him as Its future governor he was In the throes of de feat. Throughout many of the great northern Institutions there had spread a spirit that was hostile to the spirit of serving the people. Edu cation that does not remember the forgotten man has failed of Its pur pose. Ninety-nine out of a hundred dollara given to education are be stowed by men who did not have the benefit of an education. To Take New Action. A The latest movif on the part of the E. church. South, to repossess nderbllt University will be an ac tion In behalf of the patronizing con- ferece, which may have legmh claims unaffected by the Tennessee court. I, Delegations Front Charleston and Georgetown Raised Issue Which Had to be Referred to Credentials ■ j, -4- ^ Committee—Primary Reform to Come Before Convention. The State Democratic convention met at noon Wednesday with former Gov. John Gary Evans, chalman of the State Democratic committee, in the chair. Thejsesstons of the con vention are being held in the hall of the House of Representatives, which bad been especially arranged tor the occasion. As on the opening day of the general assembly, Serge&nt-at- Arms Wilson had martred 6ff thi delegations In various parts of the hall, showing where each county’s representatives should take ^heir places. The two United States ienalors were absent from the convention. Senator Tillman indicated several da^a ago that he could not attend and Tuesday night’s dispatches gave aa his reason consideration In the Senate of the agricultural appropria tion bill. No membqr of the South Carolina delegation in congress at tended the convention. Jas. A. Hoyt of Columbia, nominat ed by Christie Benet, was unahtmous- ly~selected temprorary president of the convention. Mr. Hayt, escorted to the chair, named M. M. Mann of St. Matthews, R. B. Sloan and R. E. Carwlle of Columbia as temporary secretaries. The first business before the con vention wss the calling of the roll of delegatee from the uncontested coun ties. The counties were then called alphabetically aad the delegates an nounced, substitutions being made where necessary when delegates had not come to the convention. When Charleston county was reached Mayor Grace handed up a roll of delegates. Chairman Hoyt announced he would not recognize any delegate from Charleston as the delegation was contested. This i apparently In response to Mr. Grace’s statement that he was not sure whether his delegation or the other would be called the contested dele gation from Charlestoa. Mr. L. J. Williams of Aiken h\oved that the Georgetown credentials be referred te the committee on creden tials as there were twelve votee with half a vote each. Georgetown coun ty, after years of division, had gotten together at the recent county conven tion on a sort of compromise plan by agreeing to send to the State con vention a split delegation, each en titled to a half vote. This question comes Before the credentials com mittee later. At 1 o’clock Wednesday afternoon the credentials committee met to consider the Charleston contest and the. Georgetown “split” delegation situation. r Thomas M. Raysor of Orangeburg was named chairman of the commit tee on credentials. The Georgetown "spilt” delegation was seated by the credentials com mittee 'of the State convention, the 2 delegates being given places In the convention with six votes, but not more than one member is to serve on any one committee. After the appointment of the cre dentials committee the convention -“cessed until eight o’clock last night. The credentials committee met at three-thirty and began hearing testi mony In the Charleston contest. Both the Barnwell and Grace representa tives Introduced much testimony and submitted many affidavits. The cre dentials committee unanimously vot ed to seat the Barnwell delegation after hearing the testimony. Fatal Shooting at Clinton. Edgar Eubanks, the Laurens mill operative shot by John Cunningham at Clinton died Monday In a Laurens Delegates to the State convention poured Into Columbia Tuesday aqd the hotels became alive with the hum and bustle of politics. Many politicians not members of the con vention are there also, and little knots and groups constantly congre gate in the lobblbe and discuss the probable action which the convention will take on the all-important ques tion of reforming the primary. - The main feature of the prelimi naries was the caucus of those favor ing primary reform. The caucus took place In the big auditorium of the Jefferson Hotel and lasted sev eral hours. The newspaper men were not invited to the"caucus, but It Is known that the matter of primary re form was gone over with. Advocates and opponents of the Richland plan to restrict the primary to registered voters took part In the caucus, and various and sundry suggestions as to the most feasible plan were threshed out. The convention was called to order noon Wednesday in the hall of the In connection with the passage by the Senate Monday of his amendment to the agricultural appropriation Mil, making available immediately upon the enactment of the Mil an appro priation of $Lg^M)00 to place's set of samples of government, standards of cotton, with a set of the yarnq made from these samples, at every local cotton market In the South, Senator E. D. Smith said: "I did this because the fanners who sell their cotton are at the mercy of the buyer as to wh&t grade their cotton is and at the mercy of the buyer as to the value of each grade as compared with the other grades. With a set of these standardized sam- ples each farmer who goes to a mar ket can compare hla own cotton with the samples furnished by the govern ment and determine what grade he has. He can then refer to the yarns made from the grade that his cotton happens to be, and determine Its rel ative >alue to the other grades. In other words, this appropriation will furnish him with the same knowledge that every mill man and every buyer has, and therefore, put him on an equal footing with them. With this knowledge he should demand the full value of every grade of his cotton. , “Several years ago a bill was pass ed by congress to standardize the grades of cotton. When I came to the Senate I found that these stand ard grades were lying very serenely In the agricultural department. The New Orleans market had adopted these grades, but had added other grades, both above and below. New York had paid no attention to them I had an appropriation made to test the relative spinning value of these different grades and the result ef this test I have sent broadcast over the State. With my amendment, which passed to-day, the legislation is now almost complete, so tar as the cotton farmer is concerned. ”1 promised the fanner* .of the State when I came to the Senate that I would attempt to relieve the bur dens of this cotton problem. It the farmer does not now get the full value of every grade of his cotton, be Is alone to blame, for the knowledge Is furnished him. It was very flat tering to me and very gratifying that the vote In the Senate appropriating thia 8100,000 was more than three to one la favor of It The pity of it is that the knowledge we now have could not hate been given us yeara age.” More than seven thousand Amer ican lives were lost In the first Mexi can war. How many will be lying on the field of battle before United States forces again trumphantly en ter the Vale of Anahnac, and seize Ch&pultepec and the Ualacio Nacion- alf It is not a pleasant topic to dis cuss. Mexican methods of warfare are not pleasant In themselves. Then • the climate, the mountains and other peculiarities of the cquntry will war on the side of the defenders. “But Scott did not have much trouble,’ one hears. No, unless you call long weary months of waiting and fighting, thousands dead of bul lets and illness, and other thousands In’falserable field hospitals "trouble' Then,- In counting -the cost-- this-hills. The elevation , ascends from KILLED BY Ms,GKO. Negro Kills HartavUle Man While They Had Been Fishing. Tom Brown, a young white man who lived a few miles west of Harts- vllle at Segars’ mill, was shot and killed by H. Wingate, a negro, about 2 o’clock Wednesday. The scene of the tragedy was at Segars* mill pond. Facts as best ob tained are that Mr. Brown and the negro bad been out in a canoe fishing and as Mr. Brown stepped from the^ boat he gave It a shove which bore the negro a short distance from the shore. The negro cursed Mr. Brown, whereupon he resented it and Jold the negro to take back his words and apologize. The negro Is said to have scrambled to the shore, got a shot gnn and fired one entire load of shot Into Mr. Brown’s breast, which caus ed hls death shortly afterwards. USED NO CLUB. Senator Ransdell Explodes Insinua tion Abont Federal Patronage. Senator Ransdell of Louisiana Tuesday denied on the floor of the Senate that President Wilson had sought to coerce him or his colleague, Senator Thornton, by means of fed eral patronage, to vote for free sugar. The statement was In response to a newspaper article published Monday. “I had several Interviews with the president during the consideration of the tariff act,” said Senator Ransdell. “The president expressed «his views forcibly, as he always does, that party loyalty required me to vote for the tariff apt. I replied In like manner but there never was any unpleasant ness between ns. I am sure he never Intended to coerce me by patronage or otherwise.” Which ”A*to” Go. Cars may tome and can may go, which auto go forever. (Han mercy, It eeeneff aa tf Jadge.) \ . Democratic executive committee. Af ter the preliminary organization was perfected the first matter to come tip was the contest from Charleston county, which was seat to tho corn- ;-T mlttee on credentials. This contest was to be disposed of before the edn- ventlon could form permanent or ganization and get down to the work in hand. Neither Gov. Blease, Attorney Gen eral feeples, Senator John L. McLau- rln, Mr. C. C. Simms, Messrs Nichols, C. C. Wyche and C a'e members of the convention B. Frank Kelly of BlshopvUle, Dr Olln Sawyer of Georgetown,. Mr. W. Jr. of Laurens, are among tl Spanish General Prim and the Mexi can General Dobtodo was concluded in 1862. Here they will crosa a bridge of 400 feet over the Rio Jam- apa, on the right a deep gorge and the remains of an old Spanish cause way. The country is broken with hills and valleys.- __ A few miles bsyond Paso del Macho 76 kilometers, from Vera Cruz 1,500 feet high, the railroad crosses the San Alejo bridge of 318-feet. At Chlqul- hite aiding Is another bridge 220 feet long, and a little further on a third bridge spanning the Atoyac River, a roaring, leaping torrent In the wet seasons. The ascent becomes steeper and steeper, the railroad following a grade of 4 per cent, that makes the engines snort and wheeze amid the time it must be remembered that Huerta la In no such desperate posi tion as was Santa Ana. The latte” had already been soundly whipped at Palo Alto, and In several other bat tles in the north. He had had to hurry south to oppose Scott In the days when railroads were meetly known by books and pictures to Mexico. He had no such means for raising volunteers and rousing the populace as has the Indian dictator now in the seat of power. To be exact, the government ar chives have records of the deaths of 7,800 Americans in the first Mexican war. The larger part died by dis ease. The Mexican losses have been estimated at 25,000. The total cost ♦o both sides was about |250,000,- 000. The Mexicans put 100,000 men In the field. There were 112,230 American soldiers engaged, of whom 73,770 were volunteers. Gen. Leonard Wood has superin tendence here of the preparations of plans to Invade Mexico. This to not necessarily a war measure, however. General staffs of every army are al ways at work figuring out exactly how they could seize upon some per fectly friendly aatioa’s chief cities. But the plans for Mexico have recent ly been revised aad enlarged minute ly. Experts on Mexican roa<to and camping conditions have been con sulted. Nothing haa beon toft un done. There are to be three lines of at tack. The first, already Initiated, Is the movement from Vera Crus to Mexico City. The secoad Is the seiz ure of Tampico aad perhaps a move ment from there to the capital. The third la a march from the north, probably tbroagh EH Paso and Juares down the route taken by Villa, Ma dero, and numerous other conquer ors. The Invasion from Vera Cruz will, be the most Important, as in Scott’s time. There are two lines of railroad from Vera Cruz to Mexico City, the Interoceanlc of the Natloaal Railways system and the Mexican railway. Those branch away from the coast, the Interoceanlc to the north and the Mexican further south, but in the mountains they converge and finally cross at San Marcos to come together again at the capital. The Interoceanlc follows Scott’s old line. For rocks, mountains, difficult passes and easily defended spots there Is little choice between the two lines. The Interoceanlc takes much the same route as the ancient high ways. Perhapd for this reason It will appeal to the army tacticians. This railroad is narrow gauge, ancient, and with not enough rolling stock to furnish transportation for .more than a few regiments. Its stations recall the Scott cam paign—Antigua, Rlnconada, Jalapa, Las Vigas, Puebla and Conorado. To the eastward of Jalapa Is the great National Bridge, for both railroad’ and foot traffic. The United States troops had a fight for that bridge In 1847 and it would be an Important strategic point now. The climate varies all the way from semi-tropical Jalapa to the cold Puebla and San Lorenzo. The rivers to be crossed are many. Tire Mexican railway Is sometimes called by its advertising men “the scenic route of Mexico”. This may appeal to travellers but soldiers would just as soon fight over more level country. The road is standard guage and modern. Where It Is not crossing rivers 500 feet down in a canyon It Is clinging to the side of a mountain or burrowing through Beginning in a tropical coun^r? it crawls dangerously near the snow line then up and down and through narrow^ passes until It reaches the reaching •1 L&lh feet to 2,710. feet within 80. miles. At 106 kilometers froqi Vera Cruz the line passes through Cordoba, a town of 7,000 population. Hard by Cordoba is a little for tress. Here amid wierdly grand scenery, the railroad passes one of the most fearsome points on the line slowly and cautiously gliding down one steep side of the deep Metlac Bar ranca. On the other side of a yawn ing ravine in the depths of which a tropical river churns its way, is an other line of railway on.* terrace cut from the side of the precipice and at an angle similar to that of a togobbgn slide. Five tunnels interrupt line before it reaches the big] level an4 : turns the flank of the tfl The train glides slowly rferos* the Metlac Bridge, a skilful piece of engi neering work, 350 feet long, built oa a curve of 325 .feet radius on a 8 per cent, grade, 92 feet above the river. Eight cast and wrought iron pillars uphold it. Trainmen dread the pass and consider It the most dangsroes on the line. After leaving Metlac bridge, the train passes through tunnels se num erous that often the locomotive will be In one and the last car ef the train In another. From the last ot these tunnels the train emerges en an extensive table land. Orfzba, a quaint provincial city of 35,008 pop ulation, 4,028 feet above sea; torsi, and 134 kilometera from Vera Crus, la the next big town. After leaving Ortsaba, the railroad enters a gloomy barranca called >1 Inflefnlllo (the Little Hell), and crosses dizzy acclivities, pesslag through tunnels and over streams that have worn deep chasms Into the traprock. Black crosses hard by mark the last resting places of unfortu nates who have fallen there, and warn wanderers of a similar fate If they slip from the winding track above. On rainy days the train often passes through low-lying clouds. A little further on it approaches Win ner’s bridge, ninety feet long, one of the most dangerous on the line, span ning a yawning chasm that gives a view of surpassing grandeur ef a val ley many colored and rich with vege tation, 3,000 feet below. At Boca del Monte the railroad has attained an altitude of one and one- half miles above Vera Cruz and the fortress of San Juan de Ulna. The next station Is Esperanza. Then comes San Andres, 203 kllomeLTA, from Vera Cruz, from which tfidto, the run to the Mexican capltb^V across the central plateau, wJjlch^K practically level thereabouts. Forty kilometers further ^ on the road touches San Marcos. There follow the stations of Apizaco where there is a Junction of the branch railroad to Puebla and the statfon of Guada lupe, 300 kilometers from Vera Cruz, and the highest point of the line, 8,333 feet, 986 feet higher than Mex ico City. ' At Irolo, 347 kilometers from the starting point, the road meets a branch -of the Hidalgo A Nordese railroad. Twenty-two kilometers fur ther It reaches Otumba,.on the ptolnx near which was fought one of the fiercest battles between the Jahluns and the Spanish invaders after Cor tez and his men had been Ignomlnl- ously expelled from the Aztec city and were retreatln'g to Vera Cruz to recuperate. At San Juan Teotihuacan, ten kilo meters further on, the great ancient pyramids can be seen on the right of the road. Gu&delupe, 420 kilometers from Vera Cruz and the sea, byJts squat and dreary-looking houses find neglected churches used as store rooms, advertises the suburbs of the Mexican capital, and soon after uuwi reaching it the train draws up in Mexican central plateau. From Vera Mexlco cu at the Buena \fr Cruz, which lies four feet above sea tlon - level It rises to heights more than, a mile and the seaport. lalf above the towers of It is 263 miles long. Negro Lynched In Florida. ,. . . _ . . James Woodsome, a negro who previously served 12 years for a* colored woman, wasj .Gordonsville, FIa.,j day after attempting to force hi in a white woman’s room. '• had prevloui srs. S. J. dbnes alternate with marsh lands and naniting • ( . N. Sapp wild fowl rend the air. with wlerd t0 death a t tlon. Mr. cries and shrieklngs, has t^e Lagunir v _* the Lagut de Cocos (Cocoanut lagoon) where the Mexican army that defended Vera Ajgoss the In the convention. __ The | Jungle top ranges high blue hills ti overwhelmlngly / anti-land the Pico de Orizaba against the which sat convention Please, he haring less than 50 out of (northern sky. A little further on the the 386 delegates which make up the ( American troopa will pass Soledad. convention. where the peace treaty between the '7~~Kfflefl bf ftobfaen. Eugene Hoathlng, railroad station agent at Tappan, N. Y., was shot and killed early Thursday by two men who attempted to rob the aafe in hie one*.