The Barnwell people. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1884-1925, January 29, 1914, Image 2
£J* V /'
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V
ft'
PIAX TO TtACK-
nusoress.
TB MEET IT HALF WAlf
Hto to to*
went and buaineM m*B are fair to
meet eaafa othor te a com
mon etfon to square buaineM weth-
o4a with both public opinion and the
lav. That la the etrenctlt of oar
position and the ear* propkesp of
what will enaae when oar reasonable
work la done.
‘When serloas eoateet eods, when
.men malted In epiniah aad parpoee.
all the equities dad clrcamstanees of
the case. *.
HafWay.
"Inasmuch as our <mdectl»io meet
baslnee* half-war In it* processes of
self-correction and d}atorb tta legiti
mate course se little to pomlble^ve
ought to see to it that penaittaa and
panlshmenta akoald 'fall, not apon
vuvtiiwv ua«tr # rat vpofi til#
and Msdua Pcraoaal Appeal for At-
. •
■MnplMre ad Frisndllneea.
Prealdent Wilson personallr laid
before a Joint sejsalon of congress
Tuesday the fundamental principles
ef the Democratic administration's
program for dealing with trusts aud
Pblg business"'. The president pre
sented the case, he said, "as It lies
In the thought of the country.” "We
are now about to write the additional
articles of our constltulon of peuce**
aald he president, "the peace that Is
honor and freedom and prosperity."
Desldea suggesting the scope of leg
islation, the president made a per^,
aonal appeal for an atmosphere o
frleadliaesa ahd cooperation in con-
greaa while handling the problem.
Hm chief points which the presi
dent singled out as a basis for leg-
iatatioa were:
1. Bffectu&l prohibition of the in-
terlockiag directorates of great cor-
porstloas—banks, railroads, indus
trial, commercial and public serrice
bodies.
. S. A law to confer upon the Inter
state commerce commission the pow
er to superintend and regulate the fi
nancial operations by which railroads
henceforth are to be supplied with
the money they need for their proper
development and improved transpor
tation facilities.
- *. Detottton of the many hateful
restraint of "trade” by explicit legis
lation supplementary to the Sherman
law.
4. The creation of a commission to
aid the courts and to act as a clear
ing house of Information in helping
huaiaeao to conform with the law.
f. Prevision of penalties and pun-
iskmeats to fall upon individuals re
sponsible for unlawful businee prac
tices.
I. Prohibition of holding companies
and a suggestion that the voting
power of Individuals holding shares
fa mamsrous corporations might be
thoaa wh« are to ahaugojhair. ways who mao tha InstrsmsnUlltUs of
of buslaeos, Jotetap with thos# who
ask fbr tha change. It la pooalhla to
offset It In the way In whleb f rudent
and thoughtful and patriotic men
wish to see it brought about, with as
few, as slight, as easy and simple bus
iness readjustments as possible, noth
ing torn up by the roots, no parts
rent assunder which, can be left In
ch
itlo
wholesome combination. Fortunate
ly, bo-measures of sweeping or novel
change are necessary. It will be un
derstood that our object is not to un
settle business or anywhere seriously
to break Its established courses ath
wart. On the contrary, we desire the
laws we are how about to pass to be
-the bulwarks and safeguards.-olito,
f» diving private Individuals the
right to found suits for redress on
facts and judgments proved In gov
ernment salts sod providing that the
ad limitations should run
cftly Crap the da to of ooaslusioa of
tbe-gevurnmcnt'a actions.
The Pnetdent spoke as follows:
“OeetfcaMn of the Congress:
“to my report ‘On the State of the
Union,* which I had the privilege of
raadiag to you on the second of De
cember last, I ventured to reserve tor
discussion ad a later date the subject
oC additional legislation regarding
the very dlflcult and Intricate matter
ef trusts and monopolies. The time
new aoeggs opportune to tun^.to that
greet fasetlon; not only because the
currency legislation Is now disposed
of, but also because opinion seems to
be Peering about us with singular
rapidity to this other great field of
aetloa. la respect of the monopo
lies it seems to be coming to a clear
and alt but universal agreement In
aatlelpatioa of our action, making
the way easier to see and easier to
get aut upon with confidence and
without coofusion of ocunsel.
“LegtaUUon has its atmosphere
like everything else and the present
atmosphere of accommodation and
mutual understanding Is matter of
alncnra congratulation. It ought to
make our task very much lees difficult
.and embarrassing. Constructive leg
islation, when successful, la always
thy-embodiment of eonvlcnlng exper
ience. Legislation la a business of
interpretation, not of origination, and
-ft Is new plain what the opinion Is
to whieh we must give effect In this
mutter. It Is not recent or hasty
eptnlMi. ^ springs out of the ex
M a whole generation. It
has (farifled Itself by long contest and
those who for a long time battled
with It and sought to change It are
sow frankly and honorably yielding
to It anil seeking to conform their
actions to tt.
The Scale Yields.
“Tito great business men who or-
gantned and financed monopoly and
thaw whs admired It In actual every
day transaction* have year after year
uatu hew either denied Its existence
It as necessary for tha
main ton anen and develop-
thnvuat bnalnaaa processes in
ntry to the modem dream-
pf Undo Mil manufacture's
bet *U tie whlle^bplnion has
head against thorn- At last the
to hnabiM* on tho great
yipld their pre-
thelr
we ere propontn*. toj
„ Itorsi! -IT tofttrfore with'
; «>i
or in any Mnse to
‘the antagon-
and govern
We art no* about
to
dustry agslnSt-the forees that h»ve
disturbed it. What we have to do
ran be done In a new spirit, In
thouhtful moderation, wHhout revol
ution of an untoward kind.
Indefensible.
"We are ail agreed that ‘private
monopoly Is indefensible and Intol
erable,' and our program Is founded
upon that_ conviction. It will be a
comprehensive, .but not a radical pro
gram and these are Its items, the
changes which opinion deliberately
sanctions and for which bslness
wialt^: • , .
“ft -waits with acqulsence TOf laws
which wiH.ieffectually prohibit and
prevent such Interlocking of the per
sonnel of the directorates of great
corporations'—banks «nd railroads,
Industrial, -commercial and public
service bodies—as in effect result in
making those who borrow and those
who lend practically one and the
same; those who sell and those who
buy but the sam^ persons trading
with one another under different
names and In different combinations,
and those who affect to compete in
fact partners and masters of some
whole field'of business. Sufficient
time should be allowed in which to
effect these changes of organization
without inconvenience of confusion.
Such a prohibition will work
much more than a mere negative
good by correcting the serloas evils
which have arisen, because the men
who have been the directing spirits
of,the great investment banks have
usurped the place which belongs to
Independent industrial management
working in Its own behalf.
'In the second place, business men
well as those who direct public
affairs now recognize with painful
dearness the great harm and Injus-
lice which has been done to many,
if not all, of the great railroad sys
tems of the country by the way In
which they have been financed' and
their own distinctive Interests sub
ordinated to the Interest of the men'
who financed them and of other bus-
Iness enterprises which those men 9
wish to promote. The country is
ready to accept with relief and. ap
proval. * law which will confer upon
the interstate commerce commission
the power to superintend and regu
late Uie financial operations by which
the railroads are henceforth to be
supplied with the money they need
for their proper development to meet
the rapid growing requirements of
the country for increased and Im
proved transportation facilities. Up
on this question those who are chief
ly responsible for the actual manage
ment and operation of the railroads
have spoken plainly and earnestly,
with a purpose we ought to be quick
to accept. It will be one step, and a
very Important one, toward the nec-
eesary separath n of the business of
production from the business of
transportation, —
Business Waits.
‘‘The business of the country
awaits and has suffered because it
could not obtain, further and more
explicit legislative definition of the
polltcy and meaning of the existing
anti-trust law. Surely, we are suffl-
ctently familiar with the actual pro
cesses and methods of monopoly and
the many hurtful restraints of trade
to make definition possible, at any
rate up to the limits of what exper
ience has disclosed. These practices
can be explicitly forbidden by stat
ute to such terms as will practically
ellmffiate uncertainty, the law itself
and the penalty being made equally
plain. !
'Business men of the country de
sire something more than that the
menace of legal process in these mat
ters he made explicit and Intelligible.
They desire the advtoe, the definite
gulden os and Information which can
be supplied by an administrative
body, an tntarstote trade commission.
“The opinion of the country would
Instantly approve of such a commis
sion. It would mot wish to see It
empowered to malm tismi wjth mon
opoly or to any tort to assume con
trol of bustoeos as If the government
surren- made Itself reapoutbU. It demand*
such a oofnmtsaHm only as an tadis-
penribla toatrumant to
mui a&Itoity. fit-*
the facts by which both the public
mind and the managers of great bus
iness undertaking* should be guided,
as an Inafumentalfty for doing Jus
tice to bustoeos where the processes
of the courts o* the natural forces
Congressman
It TEAM THE FAIHEI — “ ™
They Need.
business to do thlamr which pabUs
policy end sound bnstaam treaties
condemn. These akoald be held In
dividually responsible andl the pun
ishment should fall upon them, hot
upon- the business organization of
which they make illegal use. It
should be one of toe|msln objects of
dur legislation to dl^jest such persons
of their corporate cloak and deal
with them as with those who do not
represent their corporations, but
merely by deliberate intentions break
the law. ** •
"Other questions remain which
will need very thoughtful and’practl-
cal treatment. Enterprises, in these
’modefh days of great ifidiVT<Iual .f6r-
nfiTdsJ'SFe'dffehlimes interlocked, by
the'fact that the greater part of their
corporate stock is owned by a single
person or group of persons who are in
some way intimateljr-related in in
terest. We are agreed, I take it, that
holding companies should be prohib
ited, but what of the controlling pri
vate ownership of individuals or ac
tually co-operative groups of Indi
viduals? Shall the private owners of
capital stock be suffered to be them
selves in effect holding companies?
Shall we require the owners of stock,
when their voting power In several
companies which ought to be Inde
pendent of one another would consti
tute actual control, to make election
in which of them they will exercise
the right to vote? This question I
venture for yoUr consideration.
Individuals. -
“There Is another matter in which
imperative consideration of Justice
and fair play suggest thoughtful
remedial action. Not only do many
of the combinations affected or
sought to be‘effected In the industrial
world work an injustice upon the
public in general: they also directly
and seriously injure- the individuals
who are put out of business- In one
unfair way or another by the many
dislodging and exterminating forces
of combination. I hope that we shall
agree in giving private Individuals
who claim to have been Injured by
theee processes the right to fofind
their suits for redress upon the facts
and judgments proved and entered
In suits Jiy the government where
the government has upon Its own
Initiative sued the combinations com
plained of and won its suit, and that"
the statute of limitations shall be
suffered to run against such litigants
only from the date of the conclusion
of the government’s action.
Plain Obligations.
“I have l&ld the case before you,
no doubt as It llee in your own mind,
'as it lies in the thought of the
country. What must every candid
man say of the suggestions I have
laid before you, of the plain obliga
tions of which I have reminded you?
That these are new things for which
the country is not prepared? No;
but that they are old things, now
familiar, and must be undertaken if
we are to square out laws with the
thought and deeire of the country.
Until these things are done, conscien
tious business men the country over
will be unsatisfied. They are In these
things our mentors and colleagues.
We are now about to write the addi
tional articles of our constitution of
peace, the peace that is honor and
freedom and prosperity.”
Under Its PrsrlMoaa Federal flefem-
meut WUl Qive #10,000 a Yen
Bach State for the Demonstration
ft ■
Work, Increasing the Amount An
nually for Ten Years.
The Smith-Lever agricultural ex
tension bill providing for co-operative
agricultural extension work .between
the agricultural colleges In the sev
eral States, passed the house Mon
day afternoon under the suspension
of the rules. The bill now goes to
the Senate.
As It passed the House the bill
would provide for an immediate ap
propriation of 1480,000, of which
|10,000 would go to each State com
plying with the requirements of the
law. This appropriation would be
inefjeased by $300,000 each year- for
nine years, and after a ten-year per
iod i would become a permanent ..an-
n ml appropriation of $3,000,000.
Just what the bill plhns is best
shown in a report from the House
committee on agriculture by Con
gressman Lever, Its chairman, re
cently made. It provides for the in
auguration of cooperative agricultur
al extension work through “field
demonstrations, publications and oth
erwise” to be carried on In accord
ance with plans mutually agreed up
on by the secretary of agriculture
and the land grant colleges receiving
the benefits of the first Morrill act
ARRESTS SUSPECTS.
Negro Implicates Two Others In Mur
der and Arson Crime.
Sheriff Owlnga and Deputy Sheriff
Reid of Laurens made two arrests
Monday to connection with the kill
ing of George F. Young at his home
at Stomp Springs a week ago Sun
day. The two negroes taken Mon
day were Greenwood Rodgers and
‘‘Junk’* Caldwell, both of whom live
In the vicinity of the Springs. Their
arrest was the reeult of the alleged
voluntary confession of Tom To^ff*
who was Implicated by the coroner’s
jury along with his brother, John,
last Tuesday, and both of whom were
committed to jail that nlght
Early Monday, It is claimed, Tom
Young asked to pee the officers. It la
said he told them the story of the
tragedy. Implicating Rodgers and
Caldwell. In his alleged confession
Young said that Rodgers, Caldwell
and himself Instigated the plot, and
executed, it late Monday night; 'that
Rodgers shot Mr. Yoqng through an
opening to the window, and then
Caldwell applied the torch to the cot
tage.
, si - —
In practical effect it undertakes to
provide such machinery as will bring
to the attention of the farmer, the
farmer’s wife and children, in the
most striking manner such demon
strated truths and practices of suc
cessful agriculture which rightly fol
lowed, makes rural living -desirable
and profitable as an occupation.
It provides the connecting link be
tween the sources of information in
matters relating to agricultural life
and the people sought to be reached
with such information, and furnishes
an added agency to the system of ag
ricultural teaching. It carries out
to the farm the approved methods
and practices of the agricultural col
leges, experiment stations, the de
partment of agriculture, and the beet
farmers, and demonstrates their val
ue under the Immediate environment
of the farm itself, thus providing the
means by which the organized agri
cultural Institutions of the country
may be made to serve all the peo
ple, as should be the case, rather
than a limited and privileged few.
Under the plan provided id this bill
the Information which has been ac
cumulating for more than half a
century and reservoiring in colleges
and other institutions' organized in
the Interest of agriculture 4s to be'
made available to the mass of the
people In such a way as will bring the
best results in the matter of improv
ed rural condltiods and rural living.
There is no more important wor¥
for the agricultural Institutions of
the country than that of strengthen
ing field service, demonstration and
instruction, to the end that the pro
motion and development side of agri
culture shall balance Its investiga
tional and research activities.
To provide adequate ^facilities for
the utlization by the farmer of the
efficient work of the scientists in the
department of agriculture and In the
various colleges and experiment sta
tions of the several States Is one of
the very important problems with
which agricultural thought must
deal. Earnest' scientists every day
are discovering useful truths, meth
ods and processes whieh If known by
the farmer and applied by him would
mean financial Independence and so
cial progress; but the farmer does
not know what the sci.etist is doing
and has no way of learning.
Sufficient Information has been
gathered and la awaiting distribution
to revolutionize rural conditions In
this country in the next ten year*,
bat It is dead Information until It
becomes vitalized by the service to
which the farmer pats It. The logic
of the sltaatlon forces the necessity
for providing adequate machinery by
which the storehouse of Information
may be opened to those who stand
upon the bfctslde. Congress Itself
haa committed the country to a pol
icy of encouraging, promoting and
developing agriculture -which makes
the legislation proposed to this bill
an Imperative duty that the fruits of
its former' action may be realised In
actnal results.
Among thoso who Moke in favor of
to# adoption of tha currency bill In
the House of Representatives was
Congressman^ Ragsdale from this
State. Just a few minutes before he
spoke Mr. Hay lee of California had
attacked the bill as increasing the
power bf the Southern cotton farmer
saying that it would give to the far
mer. the power of holding his crop
and securing higher prices for it. Mr.
Ragsdale replied to this by saying
the people of t th® South, whom the
gentleman froip California has so un
necessarily criticized for the benefits
we receive, look upon it as a very
God-send to us that at least the cot
ton growers of America are recog
nized In this currency system.
Mr. Ragsdale went on to ask why
should the cotton growers be barred
from the benefits? Why should the
agriculturists he barred from the
benefits of a financial system? Do we
not produce that which feeds and
clothes the world? Do not the pro
ducts that we grow help to sustain
the balance of trade with other coun
tries? Why then should our pro
ducts be outlawed and the right of
credit be denied to us? Ah, Mr.
Speaker, the Republican,party have
grown so accustomed to denying any
rights to the agricultural people on
everything and heaping unjust bur-
dents on us in tariff laws that they
welcome this last opportunity to hurl
anotherjstone at them.
Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from
California says there Is no system
here by which money may be loaned
-os land8. If he-wUl turn to se<
24 of the bill, it is provided there
X.
Oklahoma’s
Four and Fire to Girl Talspheno
Operator—Guards dome ond
Poor Merciless FfriT Into
Seven persons were killed and a
telephone operator Injured during a
pistol battle at the Oklahoma Stats
penitentiary at McAlester, Okla.,
Monday when three prisoners with
revolvers made a dash for liberty.
The dead are: John R. Thomas, Mus
kogee, former United Statee District
Judge; D. C. Oates, deputy warden;
F. C. Godfrey, store house sergeant;
H. II. Drover, record ^lerk; China
Reed, serving two-year sentence for
murder; Charles Koontz, serving for
ty years' sentence for murder;.,Thom
as Law, serving slx-yeftr sentence for
larceny. f
The men armed with,two revolvers,
which had been smuggled into tha
penitentiary, broke from the ranks
while the prisoners were being
marheed through a court yard. ’As
they ran through the office they fired
several shots at random, one of the
bullets striking Miss Foster
Next they encountered Judge
Thomas, a visitor to the penitentiary
in the corridor, and both of the men
carrying pistols opened fire, seyeral
of the bullets striking the attorney
and inflicting mortal wounds. Gatos
and Drover intercepted the men as,
they left the corridor and were shot
to death, the prisoners continuing
their flight. By this timebalf a dbz-
that any money received^ tjme and ^vds were in pursuit and In
> il; . v* i w cv f 41 ClrintrckiT f Tt A ♦fir
which interest is paid may be loaned
for five years directly on land, the
loans based either on capital and sur
plus or time* deposits. What is a sav
ings bank? Is it not a bank that re
ceives time deposits and pays Inter
est on them. Does not this bill spe
cifically provide for their entrance
into the system? Does it not provide
that money may be loaned under the
system? Why then is the gentleman
from California" so disturbed? Why
is it that he never' offered anything
by way of relief along this line, but
merely contents himself with trying
now to muddy the water?
Mr. Speaker, the time has come
and It has been written Into -this
statute for the first time In this coun
try, that farm lands are a basis for
credit in America, and that the own
ers of them who produce the wealth
of this country share in that finan
cial system which everything in this
country goes to support and sustain.
The time is here when farm products
Are a basis of credit and. subject to
rediscount in the national reserve
banks of America, and men on whose
shoulders rest the feeding of the
masses now have some recognition
In! the hands of the nation through
the Democratic party
Mr. Ragsdale was one among the
few especially invited to the execu
tive office to witness the signing of
the great currency reform blU. Be
ing asked for some of the main points
of advantage In the bill for th*
Southern farmer, he said that he re
garded the power given the national
banks to have farm paper rediscount
ed for six months a particularly good
feature. The farmer can now put up
his paper on his crops or stock in the
national .bank in place of the old
bank note, issued heretofore.
He can now secure loans on a five-
year contract basis from the national
banka and the bank can put these up
with the central reserve bank and re
ceive treasury notes on them. It will
necessarily make money easier in the
South.
BOLL WEEVIL LOST.
Pest Destroyed Ten Million
Worth #000,000,000.
Bales,
£«to Kins 9*jr.
orphan boy of CtoarfktolV Fto.. wm
nm down sad almost tostonlly fill
ed by an auto driven by Dr. A. L.
Bow*#,
.-*•**.. ^ XX •£*
Mrs. Finley J.
Us* Gould. jroTidi
outcasts
who was
dlnnat for 500
New York ,6b
to oelefcflkto her ftrstwad-
rauw, ''' u '• '*' •" ' N
To Restrict Pardon Power.
A joint reeolntloB has been Intro
duced to tha gpnse, providing that
recomdendatiop bp tha heard* ol par- The production was reduced to 1
dead hot can not grant * pardon or ft* hales to 1110. The tom to
hoard.
unless recommended by the
-V* * v ‘ .' »• ' . ‘ ^
JtTffcfTi i -Vfe h’
'^^^lattin#iiiMastoM#^^a#pnto#ymi<<rapMto
Figures announced by W. J. Har
ris, director of the census, show that
the boll weevil haa caused a lost to
the production of cotton to the Unto
ed States In excess of 10,000,OO^.
ba]es, valued at least at 9500,000
000. The reduction to the produc
tion of cotton dne to the feet that
the farmers refrained from planting
because of the fear that the weevil
would n6t permit the plant to ma
ture, he said, never can be estimated.
'‘In seven selected counties to Mis
sissippi the production of cotton to
1907 amounted to 191,790 bales,
valued at nearly $11,000,000. The
boll weevil, Mr. Harris aald, reduced
this production to 90,909 hales to
1919. ' . "■. •
Louisiana’s largest cotton crop,
If. bales. w*s grow* to 1904
945,-
Ar
kansas 1* estimated #t 910.fif0.000.
running battle Godfrey and tha three
men were killed. 1 . —
None of the other prisoners at
tempted , to escape. The attempted
mutiny occurred at the end of the
day’s work. Reed, Law and Koontz
worked In the tailor shop, and when
their work was done they approached
the back door of the office in-the ad
ministration building. heTre they
met John Martin, the turnkey.,They
told Martin they wanted to see the
parole officer. As Martin opened the
door Reed struck Mm repeatedly with ~
large revolver, shot him through
the cheek and robbed him of his
keya.
The three prisonera, all armed with
revolvers, shouted to others to follow
them, and ran towards the warden’s
office. There thdy met Oakes, tha as
sistant warden, and before he could
defend himself, Reed shot him
through the heart. The greatest con
fusion ensued. Convicts ran about,
shouting words of encouragement to
the mutineer*. By this time the
guards were alert and began firing.
A random shot passing through a
door in the office of Drover, the Ber-
tllllon officer, killed bim.
Godfrey, the guard, sprang direct
ly into the path of the mutineers,
discharging his revolver at them. He
too fell a victim to Reed’s deadly
aim.
John R. Thomas, formerly United
States District Judge and widely
kpown through Oklahoma, was sit
ting In the warden’s .office awaiting .
the return of warden R. W. Dick,
with whom he had a business engage
ment. Apparently mistaking Judge
Thomas for the warden, the' muti
neers fired a volley of shots at him.
He sank to the floor mortally wound
ed.
Fearing alarm might be given by
the telephone operator, Mary Foster, ,
the three men next gave their atten
tion to the telephone switchboard.
They turned It over and tried to dis
connect It. "You come with ns," they
shouted as they dragged the girl Into
the prison yard, holding her before
them to keep the guards from shoot
ing, ^
Shielded by the girl’s presence and
cheered on by 1,500 convicts, the
three eien made their way acroa* the
prison yard. Only one shot was fired
at them and It struck the girl. A* *he
sank to the ground wounded the con
victs sprang to the prison gate. With
the keys they had taken from Turn
key Martin they unlocked it and were
free. Outside the gate the horse and
buggy of the warden was hitched.
The three men sprang Into It.
*’You’ll never take us alive,”
shouted Rsed as he stood up to the
buggy and fired at the approaching
officers. The other convicts bent low
to avoid the scattering bullets. Raed
fought the fight alone. Fear-stricken
the others crouched behind the stag-
ering horse. The guard* poured a
merciless fire Into the buggy. The
horse fell and the convicts ceased fr-j
tog. The three mutineers lay to a
heap to tha ballet-riddled ba#t7>
Fried to Bpw K<
Despondent because
work, Charles Schrelbe
attempted auietd* bf ripping
throat bpen with a handsaw
condition
9ft
waa oat of
; of Chicago, a result <
lus to’th
Twelv* rebellious Mexloon aoldien
were killed at Ensenada, Mexco, ai>
r* quickly rapreased revolt,
failure of the Mexican Gov-
-'rnment fib pay ?ff, the troop in tfit
Ensenada garrison.
Disappears With Caah. .
Search waa began at Fort Smith.
Ark.., Monday for Clayton Baxtay
* twenty-one year old dark for the
Wells-Fargo Express whose disap
pearance was followed by the an-
noancement that 99.300 to gold had
been stolen from the Exptoa* Com
pany.