Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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’ i V («*< IjM IjM > *X: 7r. ^,■^7’—.--—- -y ;* MANY DME TO PAY ♦ TAI ATFTCTS AT LEAST 42$,HQ fE ISONS. RETS EIGHTY MILLIONS ^•▼WTuacnt Expert* Are Gettiag *••^7 to Applj Latest Federal AaMadmeat to the Conatltution— ■etimates aad Exemptions of the Ksw Law. Asoording to estimates completed %j tks treasury experts, 425,000 American citizens must keep such ac- •urat# account of their Incomes this year that they will be able to report to th# income tax collector next ■prlny exactly how much they owe th* government under the new In come Tax law. So far as the taxable American Is ••ncerned, the Income Tax law Is now practically in fores against him. While the tariff bill In which the law is embodied will not be signed until next week, the first returns do not have to be made before March 1, 014. But when th* returns are made they will cover the income of •itlzens from March 1, 1913, toiDe- eember 11, and the first paymetu of tax will be for money received during this period. Every single person (citizen or for eign resident) whose annual income exceeds 13,000, and every married Arson with an Income >bove 14,000, "expected to report 11,8 or her re- Ipts in detail to the government agents on March 1 of each year. The estimate completed indicates that the Income tax will produce $82,298,000 from the 425,000 persons taxed. To this will be added the 000,000 or more produced by the present cor poration tax, which is continued as part of the law. President Wilson, th* federal Judges of the supreme and inferior eourts now holding office, and em ployees “of a State or any political sub-division thereof,” are the only persons specifically exempted from the tax by the new law. The Presi dent and the judges now in office were made exempt to escape any questions of the constitutionality of the law; and their successors in of- flee will he compelled to pay the tax. The general public is expected to give close study to the new law in the next few months, as the first burden *f th* tax payment rests with the in dividual citizen, and J|is failure to re port his income is punishable by a •ne. It Is admitted that when first re turns are made many taxable persons probably will escape payment; but with each year the government’s lists #f persons with taxable incomes will he made more nearly complete. The income tax estimates are as follows; facomes (In Number thousands) wtio pay Nst returns « to 5 . . . . 1 26,000 $ 630.000 5 to 1§ . . . .1 78.000 5,340.000 !• to 15 . . . 23.000 4,240,000 15 to 2# . . . 24,500 3.1 85,000 *6 to 26 . . . 10.500 2.1 00,000 E5 to 50 . . . 21,000 9.660,000 60 to 75 . . . 6.100 6.882,000 76 to 1 00 . . . 2,400 4,776,000 «0fl to 250 . . 2,500 1 3,775,000 *60 t# 5no . 550 8,805,500 LiOO to 1,000 8 50 13,653,500 fthove 1,000 100 9,301,000 Two primary method s of collecting the tax are contained in the law. One Is the Individual return made by the citizen; the other the returns by cor porations and other employers who pay their employees’ taxes “at the aource”. Under the law as signed by President Wilson every large com pany employing labor will be com pelled to report any regular salaries It pays in excess of 03.000 figures and will pay the taxes for its em ployees and deduct tho tax from their pay envelopes. This “payment at tho source” will apply to salaries, rents, interests, roy alties, partnerships profits and some other sources of income, and persons receiving such incomes must be pre pared to show that (he money has paid its tax at ils source. In figuring up his net income for the tax collector, the American busi ness man, after deducting’$3,000 for himself, or f4,000, if married, will have the right to claim the following additional exemptions; Necessary expenses of carrying on business not Including personal, liv ing or family expenses. Interest paid out on indebtedness National, State, county, school or municipal taxes paid within the year Trade losses, or storm or Are losses aot covered by insurance. A reasonable allowance for the de preciation of property. Worthless debts charged off dur ing the year. Dividends from companies whose Incomes have already been taxed. Interest from State, municipal or government bonds. It Is a clear provision of the law, however, that the taxable person must make a retur nto the Internal revenue collector for his entire “net income”, and exemptions elaimed un der the law must be submitted to the Federal officers for them to determine •pon their reasonableness or legality. The amount of th* Income tax. aa WILL EFFECT REFORMS G. O. P. INTERPRETS HANDWRIT ING ON WALL. Baals of Repreeeatatioa ie Changed in Reeponee to Demand Created Since 1012 Convention. After five hour* of debate th* Re publican national committee Tuesday night determined that it wae clothed with ample power to readjust the compoeitloa of the party’s national conventions and had authority to make reforms In convention rule* and procedure that have been de manded by many elements since the convention of 1912 and the Deme- cratic victory at the polls last Novem ber. With little bitterness and no tang ible evidence that differences which arose over methods could not be re conciled, the committee took stepa which have been agitated In the party for 30 years and which have been vital factors in many exciting conven tions in its later days. Without a dissenting vote the com mittee decided to make a change in the basis of representation In nation al conventions, which will greatly af fect Southern states; gave full recog nition to the principle of the primary In the election of delegates to such conventions, approved laws regarding such elections and by several states which provide that all delegates be selected at large, and accepted the principle that delegates properly ac credited by state authorities shall be placed on the temporary convention roll. The only difference of opinion that developed wss over the question of the machinery used to effect the re forms. Of the 4 9 comml’tteemen who voted on the one roll call taken, 14 favored the calling of a special con vention to bring about these changes, and 3 5 declared themselves opposed. After this ballot, progress was mark ed bv a friendly spirit, with an ex pressed desire to harmonize and to face the “common political enemy" with a reunited and solidified party. The resolution adopted expressed the party’s faith in primary election of delegates and in the right of a state to choose them at large, but de tails of the method of reducing southern representation were left to a special subcommittee. It was predicted that It would favor a compromise between the plan advocated by the Republican congres sional committee and by Chairman Hilles and other leaders. This plan would provide for four delegatee at large from each state, one from each congressional district and additional delegates from each congressional district where th* Republican vote bears a certain ratio to the entire vote. With the adoption of the report of this subcommittee, th* national com mittee will adjourn probably until 1916. In bringing In a plan for re duced representation the aubcommlt- tee will suggest how the plan shall be ratified by the Republican voters In all statee. The much talked of referendum, requiring that the plan must be ap proved by Republicans in states wh’ch cast two-thirds of the total party vote In 1908, wax still In favor at Tuesday nlght’a meeting. Debate during th* day practically was lim ited to a discussion of th# number of a special national oongentlon. PRESIDENT WITHDRAW*. W11 sob Shows Reseat mewt at Caraboa Society Jeata. President Wilson Monday night formally withdrew hla recent accept ance of honorary membership in the Military Order of the Caraboa, com posed of regular and volunteer offl- cera of the army and navy who aerv- ed in the Philippine islands during the four years succeeding the Rpan- ish-American war. Earlier in the day the president had ordered an in vestigation of various satires and travesties on the administration’s policy toward the Philippines as por trayed at a banquet o' the order last Thursday night. Ir was made plain at tho White House that while genera,! burlesque of the administration's nvace.^policy and thrusts at Secretary Hryan and others were deeply resented because they came from army and navy offi cers, the chief objection was to the spirit of hostility shown to Philip pine independence as the problem is 1'cirg worked out by the present ad ministration. Roth Duellists Killed. D. A. Rogers, town marshal, of Ar cadia, Pa., and Thomas Cathey, shot and killed each other in a revolver duel in a drug store there late Satur day night. finally agreed upon, follows: From $3,0eq to $20,nno, 1 per cent.; from $20,000 to $50,000, 2 percent.: $.' 0,- 00 0 to $7 5,0 00, 3 per cent.; $75,0no to $1 00,000, 4 pop cent.; $100,nno to $”50,000, 5 prm cent.; $250,00.) {o $500,000, o per cent.; above $500,- 009, 7 per cent. A single man with an income of $25,000, f or example, would pay 1 per cent, on $1 7,000, and 2 per cent, on $5,000, a total tax of $160. if married, the first tax of 1 per cent, would apply-to^only $11,(^0 of the Income. ^ < HAS VOIES. -»i STUNG TH SHOWN BY CUKRENCY BIlLON HIST TtSP URGE POTATO YIELD FARMER MAKES 227 BUSHELS ON ACRE AND EIGHTH. CENTHAL BANK KILLED Admieietratiow Measure Meet* Severe Test la Seaate, But Democrats Tabl# Hitchcock's Ajneadnieat to Pat Oae Institutioa in Coatrot ot Monetary System. Victory for th* admlnistratioe forces in the first test of strength on the currency reform bill marked Monday’s session of the Senate. The vote, 40 to 35, tabled a aubatitute offered by Seaator Hitchcock for Sec tion 2 of the administration bill, pro posing a system of four regional banks, with a possible increase to eight, the regional banks’ stock to be owned by ,the public. The defeat of the amendment prac tically assured the adoption ef the Owen plan, which providea for from 8 to 12 regional banka, with th* atock owned by th* national banks that become member* of the respec tive regional banks. The Democratic leaders claimed that th* result of th# test vote, involving one of th# most Important feature* of the fight, Indi cated the complete suecees of the ad ministration measure. Efforts to get an agreement for a time to begin final vote on the bill were not successful, but leaders on both sid^s of the chamber looked for ward to an early termination of the debate and for final action before the end of the week. When the Hitch- cork substitute had been tabled, Sen ator Reed made a speech vigorously defending the Owen hill and replying to Senator Root, who on Saturday at tacked the measure and cglled Secre tary Bryan “tbfe dominating in fluence” behind the proposed new currency system. ...__ Replying directly to Senator Root’s predictions that undue Inflation and a financial panic might ensue if the currency bill were passed in Its pres ent form, Senator Reed declared no Inflation of the currency could occur unlesa th# "sound money men who run th# banks” brought it about. “This it workable biy,” he declar ed. “It is not surcharged with de struction to business. If added checks ought to be put in, I, for one, am willing to put them in. But the sen ator from New York spent his time telling of the dire things that would happen to businesa and spent but lit tle time explaining hla own proposed amendments. “No one has the right to undertake to alarm the busineas Interests where there is no just cause for it. I doubt the high patriotism of the man who will stand her* and cry ‘Wolf, wolf,’ where there is no wolf.” Senator Reed said a “typewritten document” proposing Senator Root for the presidency had been prepared and given to the press before he made his speech. “It Is not difficult then to understsnd why the secretary of state was brought in,” he added. "When th# voice of ambition Is call ing to higher honors, it is not diffl- cult to understand that men will sometimes let their interests over come their spirit of fairness and can dor. “If w# ever have Inflation of the currency hill, it will be caused by the bankers of the country and by no one else. Thia proposed federal reserve hoard can not put out $1 of addi tional currency until there has been a call made upon it by the regions whose hoards will be controlled by ‘the sound money men’ who run the national banks.” Senator Hitchcock mad# a sharp attack on the proposed control of the regional reserve banks bj the bank ing Interests of the country. He de clared this feature of the bill would turn the country reserve to the use of these hankers and would legalize ♦ ho* methods and the combination of 'control, against which the country has long protested. ROST OITTCi: ROBREKIKS. Liberation of Yeggnien Relieved to Have Caused tho Increase. Many po«t office robberies are 1)°- ing reported in this section of the South, and tho op'nion expressed in Columbia is that the safes as being blown by the yeggnien liberated by the governor. It is a strangeSloinci- denre that immediately following the release of “Portland Ned” and Wn- liam McKinley the blowing of post office safes would begin. Then John Fisher escaped from the penitentiary. Many post office inspectors are work ing around this section of the coun try. Cloet Average Aboat 24 Cents Per RaehHs and Average Selling Price Wa* (to Cents. “I believe that I can raise sweet potatoes to cost not over 10c a bush el. and will aurely beat any cotjou ever grown!” Thua spoke Mr. J.'H. Riley 20 years ago when he was liv ing in Orangeburg county, and as the result of this conversation with Capt. D. H. Salley, a well known citizen of thia section, he rented one-eighth of an acre of deep sandy land, and though he had to hire all work to be done when the crop was harvested in the presence of Capt. Salley and all expenses checked up It was found that the cost was 1114c per bushel, aays "the Union Progress. All these years Mr. Riley has kept those facts and figures in his mind, USEDJNJIATTLE SPANISH AEROPLANES IEFEAT MOORISH TRIBESMEN DROP BOBMS UPON THEM ERROR GAVE HIM CHANCE CUDftX’g ERROR FOUND KEPT MAN FIIEM. Moors Flea Before Bpaaiards mt Mo ley Abeelam Wbea Air Craft l*r<*pare# Way—United Statee Big. aal Corps Experts Are Interested ia Experiment. A large force of Moorish trlbesmea was routed with heavy lose Thursday by the Spanish troops at Muley Ahae- lam, Spanish Morocco. Spanish mili tary aviators threw the Moors into disorder with shower* of bombs. The Spaniards attacked th# Moors with a brigade of sharpshootera, a battalioa of infantry, four batteriea of artillery and in 1912 having some land of an( j a large body of native auxllia- similar character on a farm he has near Buffalo, S. C., he experimented with a quarter of an acre, and by actual measurement found that his yield was 126 bushels, with the cost so near 10c that he decided to go into the sweet potato raising on a larger scale in 1913. That his faith end good judgment have been well founded is proved by his crop made this year, when on I 1-8 acres he made a yield of 337 k4 bushels actually dug up and market ed, with probably 30 to 40 bushels still in the ground which will be got ten when he breaks his land for his winter cover crop, the whole crop averaging him 90c a bushel, or a Hear profit of $221.92, while the cost covering every detail was only 24 * 1 * * 4 / 2 c a bushel. This phenomenally large yield for this section was made up of potatoes unusually fine and symmetrical In shape, one of the largest weighting 714 pounds, while the average weight would run from two to three pounds. The potato is of the “Nancy Hall” variety, which, when cooked in deep orange in color and delicious in flavor and texture. As to the story of this new money .making crop for our farms, and how Mr. Riley worked out such splendid success, it Is well worth while to listen to his story. “It was 20 years ago tnat I first had my attention drawn especl ally to raising potatoes. At that time I made the assertion that I believed they could be grown for 10c a bushel. An old farmer and well posted man said it could not be done. To show that I believed there were grounds for my assertion I offered to rent one-eighth of an acre of land from him which he agreed to, and I paid him $2 for the land, put it in good condition and set out the sweet potato slips. “When fall came, and the potatoes were dug up, I hsd my friend, Capt. Salley, with whom I had the conver sation, to be present and measure the potatoes, and then go over every de tail of cost. When we had completed the job we had 30 Vs bushels costing II V4 cents per bushel, every item of expense having been taken into con sideration. “Some years ago after I moved near Union, S. C., I acquired a farm and two years ago when I noticed that I had some of the same kind of land on it, whlclL was in cotton, and by the way, did nclt make a fourth of a bale to the acre\l decided to try my hand again with potatoes. “Last year I experimented with one-fourth of an acre sjid at the end of the season harvested 126 bushels of as fine potatoes as on# would like to see and eat! “That decided me to go into It a little heavier this year, so in the fall I sowed one bushel of rye on one and one-eighth acres, putting under it 200 pounds of 16 per cent. acid. About the latter part of March I turned this under with a two-horse turn plow, hut did not have time to get the land in as good shape as I waited to, for the potato slips, which ries. When the order for the general ad vance of the Spanish column was given th# advance guard discovered several thousand Moorish mountain eers concealed in the irregularitle# of the ground. A flotilla of military aviator* was sent up to reconnoitre. By means of flag signals the aviators guided the column of Spanish troops. A heavy artillery fire waa opened hy the Spaniard# without effect. The aviator* then ascended to an sltltude out of range of rifle Tir# and flew directly over the place where th# Moors were In the greatest num bers. Then came what the dispatch to the Spanish war office describe* as a “veritable rain of bombs, tossed by hand by the airmen, into the midst of the Moors”. After this bombardment the Spanish infantry charged with the bayonet and dislodged the Moora from their positions, cauaing them to flee in great disorder, leaving large numbers of dead and wounded on the field. The Spanish troop* alao lost a considerable number of men, aa th# rifle fire of th# trlbeemen wa* very accurate. A dispatch from Washington eay* experts in the signal corps at the war department heard with keen interest the report of the successful bomb dropping by the Spanish aviators in the battle with the Moons at Muley Abselam, Spanish Morocco, Thurs day. "That is but another Instance,” said Col. SamueJ Reber, In charge of aviation In the army, “of the value of the aeroplane in actual reconnols- sance, and Its use as a weapon of of fence during an attack. It confirms the experience of other nations In us ing the aeroplane In actual warfare and Is a practical demonstration of the us* of the aeroplane in a cam paign.” Other officer* recalled that th# usefulness of the aeroplane in bomb dropping first was demonstrated in th* Italian-Turklsh war, when Ital ian aviator* claimed on several occa sion* to have dropped explosive* on Turkish warships. It i* presumed that the Spaniard* flew lengthwise over the enemy’s line*, and by con tinuous dropping of bombs while so flying had innumerable chance# of hitting them. It was pointed ont that the chances of dropping an aero plane bomb on a battleship would he slight compared with the opportunity an airman would have while flying lineally over a column of troop* on land. ment, was disposed of at an average of 90c per bushel. ‘As to the cost in detail, not allow ing anything for rent of land, my hooks show it was as follows: Breaking land for rye .. 1.25 1 bushel of rye, broadcast . . 1,25 200 pounds of 16 per cent, acid 1.32 Turning under rye In March. 1.25 Plowing and bedding 2.50 On'’ ton of 7-5-5 32.00 1 2,000 potato slips 24.00 Mewawhil# Goavleted Mw Hai Good” aad the QmeetiOB of ■aeeit Worries Chicago. The error of a filing clerk la Cfca office of Judge Brentano in Chicago seven year* ago, kept Joehaa Tod- ford, a former policeman, from tko penitentiary and gave him a rheneo to begin life anew. To-day he Is sup erintendent and manager of eao of the largest men’* furnishing stores la Chicago. Bnt now the error which kept him from prison has been dis covered and the prison door* aro yawning for the man who had appar ently lived down hi* crime. The caso is one of the most unusual on record. Involving the old problem of “social vs. legal justice.” The error which kept Tedford from prison was very simple. When tho mandate from the Supreme court wao returned to Chicago, a new clerk slip ped th# papers into a pigeonhole In stead of handing them to th# trial judge. In thle pigeonhole of fate tho papers rested until a few days ago when a vindictive lawyer acc«*ed Judge Bretano of partiality towards Tedford. An Investigation revealed the paper and the case will now ho handled according to leghl precedent. Joshua Tedford was a policeman. In 1 904 he was convicted on a charge of conspiracy to defeat justice by sending away Mabel Lewis, a witness for the State In a case against Wil liam Hickey, charged with burglary. He was sentenced by Judge Bretano to serve from one to five years in th* penitentiary. Counsel for Tedford appealed th* verdict and the convicted man wa# allowed to remain at liberty nnder bonds while the case dragged Its way through the Appellate and Supremo courts In February, 1906, the Si^ preme Court affirmed the verdict and, but for the error In filing Tedford would have been sent to prison. After his trial and admission to ball Tedford went to the clothing store and sought a position as floor detective. He told of hla conviction and appeal, and was hired. The man agers of the store felt that he had been “railroaded by the police gang.” He applied himself to business and advanced faster than hla employer! could advance his wages until he fi nally became manager and aupeiin- tendent and wa* entrusted with all the affair* of the buslne**. His employers declare no bad cheek ever gets by Tedford aa he know* th* crooks and cannot be duped. Hie friends declare he has accomplished for himself a more complete reform than come* from the usual long term of imprisonment and they are elrco- lating a petlffon'for his pardon. NEGRO DIFFICULTY. Whiskey and Concealed Pistols Oaoso Tragedy ia Chesterfield. Three Lancaster county negrooa. Bob Robinson, Ellison Threatt and Ernest White, while returning Sun day night from a church In Chester field county, became engaged la- a difficulty on the Chesterfield eld* of the river, near the Lancaster lino, with the result that Erneat Whit* wa* shot to death by Elliaon Threatt. Sheriff Hunter of Lancaster, who happened to b* In th* neighborhood, captured Threatt and turned him over to a magistrate’s constable i* Chesterfield county. Sheriff Hunter state* than the trouble was over whis key and plstola, the dead negro har ing two on hla person and tho othor two, one each. Exprepsage 1.2 5 I had ordered beforehand eame to me Setting out potato slips . . . . 2.50 on April 20th. before I was ready, so ( Cultivating three times .... 1.50 1 had to hurriedly set two plows to j Hoeing twice 3.00 work, make up the low beds, in rows Lathering and marketing. .. 10.00 about three feet apart, setting out the 1 2.000 slips hy hand, having each Hip watered as it was put in the p mnn d. “That this was perhaps a little Total $81.82 Sign Peaco Treat!#*. Secretary Bryan and Chevalier To* Rappard, the mlniater from the Net^ erlands, Thursday signed a peace treaty for their two nations. Nether- is the first European country to agreo to Secretary Bryan’s peace plan. Robbery in Chester. Th,e store of J. W. Bankhead A Son, at Stover. Chester county, was broken into and robbed Sunday even- tint my crop, not counting the 30 or 4 0 bushels that I believe are in the 'nrly in the season to set them out uround vet and was proven, hut quite a number of the plants being killed, seemingly by may he gathered, amounting to :’,37 1-3 bushels, have brought me in $303.75 cash, and as Two Children Perish. s Two small negro ch’ldren were burned to death in a fire which de stroyed their house near Sumter early Monday morning. "Figured out roughly, this shf*w 8 i.j nU ,9 K p nerally understood that the thief got off with considerable booty. Jk F • o • ■ Saved hy Safety Device. A serious wreck w-as prevented at Joliet, 111., Thursday by an automat- it derailment switch, which sent a runaway freight train into the ditch barely In time to allow a passenger flyer to shoot by. —^ Battleships Home Again. The United States battleships Wyo ming. Arkansas, Utah and Florida returning from visits of courtesy to various European ports reached New York Monday. froM. The next step in the making the total expense was $81.82, the net of my crop was having them plowed ' cost averages about 24 1-3 cents per with a sweep about the middle of bushel, leaving me a net profit on May, then on the 1 th of June, and the one and one-eighth acres of finally the last of June. Later they' $221.92! This Is not bad when It is were hoed twice, and that was all the considered it was Shout the poorest work there was to it until I had some land I have on my place from the cot- of thorn dug the early part of August, j ton planter’s view, and -would not T overlooked stating that the fertlli- produce over one-fourth of a bale to zer T used wa* a special formula anal- 1 the acre, which even with the pres- yzing 7-5-5, of which I applied about ont high price of 14c pop pound one ton to the acre and one-eighth, it j would not be'worth over $17.25 costing me $32. i cross, a''d if the expenses of making “When I began to have the potp-'H flared out in as close detail toes dug In August they were rather above on the potatoes it would small, but living pear a large cotton Probably amount to ever $20; or a j nrll I found a ready market for them I)0t loc? several dollars!” at $1.20 per busheL ' tn Septembrr.j - Mr. Riley expects to go even more because more potatoes were then be- heavily into potato raising next year, insr placed on the market the price and will he satisfied with nothing less sweet potato culture, Mr. Riley now went down to $1 a bushel, and about than 1.000 bushel* on three acres, 1 Intends to fulfil the dream of many the middle of October to 80c per and with the cost of production rang- hushel. Taking into consideration ine near 10 cents per bushel, the difference In prices, and averag-j Besides being the champion potato Ing them up. I find that the total crop raiser In his section, tf not In the of 337% kushels, by actual measure-1 entire State, Mr. Riley la alao a pro gressive farmer in many other ways, planting long staple cotton exclu sively, which is something out of tho ordinary for farmers in this part of the South, and last year made ever a bale to the acre, which he sold at 14 14c per pound when other cotton was bringing about 10 14c. Born In Orangeburg county 55 years ago, and having been quite suc cess! ’.1 in farming, and in the mer cantile business, but never having a pood opportunity to specialize on years as to what he can do along that line, and he expects within the n< few years to establifili record* even larger and aero yield*.