Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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CURT OUT PLEDfiE PKSDENT VILSON UIGFS REV JERSEY IEIOCIATS TO - CARRY OUT JURY REFORM fncidentally He Promieee to Give Hia Opinion Upon Local Queations if Aaked—Democrat* Must Carry Out Their Campaign Promises or Lose Out Before the People. President Wilson Thursday nlgiht In two apeehes at Newark and at Eliz abeth, New Jersey, made good his I promise to return to New Jersey to ' fight for the reforms which were pledged to the people while he was gOTernor, but which failed of accom plishment since bla departure for Washington. The president was greeted with cheers and enthusiasm aa he faced the big crowds. "It made my pulse beat," said the president in hla speech at Newark, "to think that 1 was to come to this great county of Essex that wants to govern Itself but does not. I have come therefore to speak not to you but for you. I have exercised a great self denial about New Jersey. My great temptation in choosing a summer home was to pitch my tent where I used to. But there is going to be a contest for governor in New Jersey next summer and I did not want anybody to think I wanted to boas the Job. I have no candidate for governor, but I am opposed to who ever Is desired by certain gentlemen. I don’t want to see any governor pri vately owned. I am going to New Hampshire next summer but New Hampshire Is in telegraph comunlca- tlon with New Jersey. Any one who wants to know what I think can learn by asking. "But I want to aay a few word# about the Democratic party. I want everybody to realise that I have not bees taken in by the results of the last national election. The country did not go Democratic In November. It was impossible for K to go Repub lican because it could not tell which kind of Republican to go The only hopeful and nailed Instrument throngh which it could accomplish Its purpose was the Democratic party There were certain things which we want, the country said, not certain persons elevated. There were certain things we want demonstrated, such aa that the government of the I’nlted States can not be controlled by pri vate Interest. Now the Democratic party la going to have a try at mak ing thee# things aucessful and If not we re not going to have another try ” The president applied hla reference to the national election to State situ ation deducing that If the Democratic party In the state did not redeem Its pledgee. Including Jury reform, the people might try another political party In the next election. Mr. Wilson declared that when the Democratic party In New Jersey three year* ago came into power, every body wondered "if the old gang would run It. but It did not." The speaker said that when he was preparing to go to Washington from the governorship he was told that "the old gang would come back." "I did not believe It.” he contin ued. "until I saw It.Once more that bulky form of the gentleman who us ed to personally lead the New Jer»- eey legislature into disgrace reap peared on the very floor of the legis lature; that great system with a big ■nake-llke ’S.’ that great, sneaking, whispering system had established Itself In Trenton." The president used a quantity of adjectives to describe the "gang" and charged that the system had been so corrupt as to permit grand juries to Indict at strategic moments and "they can withhold grand Juries from indict Ing when all Is quiet and you know that the mastery of certain gentlemen in this state would be Impossible if the things they did were subject to the dispaseinate judgment of grand juries." The president was unsparing In his attack upon the eleven assemblymen from Essex county who were oppos ing jury reform. "It is a disgrace," he said amid ap plause. "to the Judicial system of the State and the Union and I come here to protest as a representative Amer ican citizen that these things should not be allowed to exist.” Moved Where Jail Was Handy. A new reason for living in a big city was given by Violet Plotrowski, of Detroit, Mich., who appeared against her father, who was charged with drunkenness. Until recently the family lived In a small town In Ohio but moved to Detroit In order that her father might be jailed for his sprees, the police facilities of minor municipalities not being sufficient to accomplish his correction. The court issued a warrant for non-support. * Murdered Two Two Negroes. Two negroes were murdered in their house at night some days ago on W. 8. Middleton’s farm in the lower WILL MUCH GOOD THE LEVER AGRICULTURAL K.\- - TENSION BILL. ■■ Congressman L©v«f Explains His Hill nod Tell the Public What He Hopes It Will Accomplish. In an article in "Business Amer ica,” a magazine, Congressman Lever sets forth what "The Lever Dill" Is Intended to accomplish and why he believes It will. After reviewing conditions as they actually exist, Mr. Lever proceeds in his article as fol lows: . Outline of Lever Bill. Machinery, adequate for this pur pose, in the opinion of all mastern of the subject, Is provided in the bill (H. R. 22874) to establish agricul tural colleges in the several states, and known as the "Lever Extension Bill 1 ', which—without a dissenting vote passed the House of Representa tives on the 23rd day of August of this year and Is now pending In the Senate. This bill, simple, direct In Its terms, makes It possible to reach the farmer in the most positive way with the lessons which science and practical experience have taught. It takes Into consideration the farmers well known version to the acceptance of new theories and practices with re spect to the methods of conducting his own business. The fact that "my father did it this way and It is goo 1 enough for me” Is not overlooked, and the bill makes special provision to meet his Innate predisposition to cease to cavil only when he is made to know, to stop doubting only when he sees. The central thought of the bill Is to dispel skepticisms by ocu lar demonstration. The farmer's farm, with Its special natural and economic environment. Is to be the field for thla work. The T^ver bill, In brief, appropri ated to each state the sum of $10,- 000 annually, and beginning In 1914 proposes a lump sum appropriation of $300,000. this sum Increasing at the rate of $300,000 a year over the preceding year until 1923. when the total amount appropriated will be 9$.000,000 plus $19,000, the Initial appropriation additional The Ini tial appropriation to any state is con ditioned upon the fact that such state provides in Its agricultural college for the establishment of an eitenslon department to be devoted to giving demonstrations In agriculture and home economics, through the med ium of field demonstrations, publica tions' and otherwise The additional lump sum appropriations are condi tioned upon the fact that the states receiving them shall provide for the supi>ort of their evtenaion depart ments s sum equivalent to the amount received from the federal government annually Aasnmlng. and there can be little doubt of It. that the states will meet the condi tions of :he federal appropriations fully, the total amount available for this work by 1 923 and annually thereafter will be the sum of $6.- 480.000. Under this plsn, It will be possi ble to put into every agricultural county of the country at leaat one agent or adviser who must combine scientific knowledge with practical experience relating to agriculture and home economics In the broadest meaning of these terms This agent or adviser will become the agricul tural physician resident In the coun ty to whom the farmers may go with confidence with their sick soils, their anaemic crops, their pest outbreaks, and oilier ills to which the profes sion is heir. Such a man must not only have expert knowledge and practical experience, but in addition must possess tact, common sense, and be enthused with optimism for his work and for the future of agri culture. He is to be the middle man. through whom the demonstrated theories and best approved practices of the profession, emanating from the colleges and stations, are to be carried directly to the farmer and put to the living test under his own eye. To break down any prejudice which the conservation of the farm er may set out against this method of ^dult teaching, it will be neces sary for him to not only come Into personal contact with the farmer re ceiving the instruction and to make the farmer himself a participant In the actual demonstrations of the practicability of the leeson sought to be taught, but It will be necessary also that the method advocated shall be successful. The farmer is at this time in a receptive mood for following methods which promise a betterment of his condition, and this bill recog nizes all of these peculiar conditions and In Its very simple terms, In sec tion two, it is clearly set out that the duty of these extension depart ments shall be "to give instruction and practical demonstrations In ag riculture and home economics, . . r- on said subjects through field demon strations. publications and other wise.” To more significantly empha size the field demonstration ideas as contrasted with the old method of teaching by bulletin and lecture, it ii made obligatory that "there shall be extended each yeer for field In- and dnoionetrotlon not lean than seventy-five per centum of all nondys available under the provl- svens of this net" The demosetra- tloa method, out In the field In diroot eestaet with the farmer, to again esa- pha«lted and made plain In the ex planation of the provisions of the bill on the Boor of the House of Repre sentatives by it sauthor. Repeatedly In answer to Interrogations, he assur ed the membership of the House that the purpose of the bill wai to reach the farmer on the farm and refused to be led away from bis central thought. Now the practical,question; K> pcrlcnce la the beet guide. It has worked In ^European countries successfully and* In a more or less limited way in this country. With out going into details, It is sufficient for the purposes of this article to call attcMitton to the fact that extension teaching Is carried on and approved by the British Empire, Australia, Denmark, France, Italy, Holland, Germany, Russia, Belgium and other lesser nations. The success of the system in Bel gium is notably striking. Twenty- five years ago her agriculture was In a most deplorable and discouraging condition, so much so that the gov ernment was forced to take notice of It. The remedy was found In this system of extension work by field demonstration, and ocular instruc tion. E’nder it the average yield of wheat in twenty-five years was in creased 57 per cent.; rye 53.4 per cent.; barley, 50.5 per cent., and oats, 63.8 per cent., and her farmers In the last twelve years have trebled their savings bank accounts. The same methods In Germany made for wheat a gain of 31.6 per cent.; oats, 36 per cent.; barley. 30 per cent.; rye, 4 1 per cent. In a quar ter of a century. It would be criminal to shut our eyes to the meaning, the Immense significance of these data. Assume that twenty-five years hence the av erage yield per acre for wheat, oats, rye, barley, potato*'* and cotton, un der the system outlined In this bill, shall have Increase*! fifty per cent. The result will startle the mathema tician and confound the dreamer Are our conditions such a* will warrant the belief that the system will w*'-k as well with us as It has under ’ onditious of these foreign coun* Emphatically yes Al- read .>re than thirty of the land grs dlegM are using tins method f* ult teaching In limited ways SI years ago practically nothing wa» being done by any of them along theae line* The enthusiasm with which It has been received, and Ita efficacy In r*>arhlng the difficulties, are the force* which have created the unanimous sentiment of the country for the passage of the meas ure embodying the detail* worked out In thla bill The results have been so encouraging that the prtncl pal rallroada of the country, the larg est farm Implement companies, auch aa the International Harvester Uo . the National Association of Bankers with whom the first question Is "Will It pay’" have Joined with the farrnera and the agricultural colleges In support of It It Is possible to multiply Illustration! from reports of this work showing It to be beyond question the practical solution of th*’ problems with which our agriculture must deal One Illustration, however, where the demonstration system has cov ered a number of states and has b,*en In operation for a aufflclent time 'o make sure that It Is no flash In the pan ia aufficleut. Thl* work has be*- n carried on In the Southern States since 1 904 when It wa* organ ized by the late Dr Seaman A Knapp Ita success was Immediate and remarkable, nor haa it lost any of Its force by lapse of time. On the contrary It continues to grow In Influence and good. From a small beginning, with only a few trained men In the field. It haa developed in less than adecade into a great move ment with a thousand agents or ad visers, one hundrel thousand farm ers, seventy-five thousand boys In the corn clubs, and twenty-five thousand girls In the canning clubs who are receiving instruc tion and becoming centers from which radiate the better methods of agriculture and home ecomnoics to their neighbors. The results of this work in the South have made a pro found impression not only upon her own people, but upon the people of the entire country and the world. Representatives of Russia, Brazil, England, South Africa and Argen tina have studied it. Sir Horace Plukent, a member of the committee some years ago to visit contiental countries to investigate their sys tems of extension teaching, after a visit to this country and a study of this work- expresses himself as pro foundly impressed with the good sense which underlies It. Of It Dr. Walter H. Page, said: "It Is the greatest single piece of constructive educational work in this or any age. Since it was put upon a firm basis it has doubled the yield per ^acre both of corn and cotton as against the average in every state in which it has been practiced. The results in South Carolina are typical. The average yield of seed cotton per acre for this state for 1911 was seven hundred and ninety-five pounds, while the average yield reported on seven thou sand three hundred and seventy-one acres and by one thousand and seven ty-four demonstrators Is one thou sand five hundred and sixty-nine and two-tenths pounds of seed cotton per acre, or an increase over ordinary methods of ninety-four and four- tenths per cent, or about twenty- three dollars per acre. The average yield of corn for South Carolina for 1»11 was ll.t baskets, while the tverace yield reported on S.fitfi KILLED A SQUEALER New York Ganjpnen Shoot Member Who Was Telling. Suspected of ‘‘squealing" to the district attorney, Jerry Malda, known as "Jerry, the Lunchman," met his appointed death on Flrty-Flrst street near Broadway, New York, early Tuesday. He was shot, down by gangsters who sent bullets into his body. The shooting occurred only a con pie of blocks away from the scene of the murder of Herman Rosenthal last July, but the gunmen had ’•(“«» luck than (he Rosenthal murder crew'. Five policemen who were in the im mediate vicinity heard the shois and pounced upon five men whom they accuse*’ of the killing. The police allege mat the men caught are members of tuq haul K*l- ly band of gangsie’.-s. of which Jerry was an adherent. They say that Jer ry had recently fallen under suspi cion, however, and that he was thought to be revealing the gang's secrets to the district attorney. None of the men caught were arm ed, but witnesses said they had seen them throw revolvers away and three of the guns were found in a garbage can nearby. The police say that "Guinea Sam", one of the prisoners, was under arrest two years ago in connection with the murder of an other member of the gang under sim ilar circumstances. “Floods of Godless Men.” In speaking of the recent floods I>ouis F. Post contributes a most in teresting article to The Chicago Pub lic. He says "precisely this is what the catastrophes of the past week in reality are -“floods of godless men". Not of particular men who are god less, but of the godless men In ea< It of us Trace those Hoods back to their physical causes Scrutinize thus** moral causes, and you find them to consist of that deadly love for unearned dollars from which none of us Is entirely free, and a wicked Indifference to common rlgh ts of which all of us are In some measure guilty The> are the Hoods of god less non of the unrighteousness that Is In all men It Is well, therefore, that all contribute somewhat to the relief of the mlaery all ha*e caused and are causing lairge aggregate contribution# from many persona In small Individual amount*, would best expreas the general consciousness of guilt But that Is enough to wash away the stain The godless men within ua can not be evicted or sup pressed by gifts to relief funda The onl> effective penance Is a new com munal life So long as we get something for nothing nsy, even so long w *? in differently allow other* to get aome- thlng for nothing ho long shall there be floods of godless men ' with all their calamitous consequences, 'or none can get something for noth ing unless other* get nothing for something To relieve calamities we muet give when calamities come, no matter why they come But to pre vent calamity, we must arouse our selves to the beneficent commands of the moral law Us punitive sanctions can not be averted by relief funds To atay the "floods of godlees men our "godless men” muat be reduced to order To make physical laws serve us well we must hitch them to the moral law " PENSION FOR MOTHERS. Fourteen State I,egislat ur***. Are Con- sideling Beneficial l.nv\. Fourteen legislatures are now con- sideraing Mothers' Pensions bills, while nine states have already enact ed laws hearing either directly or indirectly upon the endowment of motherhood Wherever pension leg- Matioji has been enacted it lias been based on the theory that children should not be separated from their mother for reasons of poverty alone. The Tuesday club, of St. Louis, an organization composed entirely of women, has found that broken homes and institutional children produce the Juvenile court offenders, and that they in turn fill the penitentiaries. * Gave Himsel ffor iloO. Declaring he was unable to refund $50 he had stolen from Mrs. Rachael Sparks, aged 50 years, of Corbin, Ky., Frank G. Girard offered himself and was accepted. They were marrie! within a few hours. * acres by 1,672 demonstrators in 39.2 bushels, an increase under demon stration methods of 115.4 per cent, or about $20'per acre. These are cold facts, and If every farmer In the South had followed the demonstration method!* on h's farm fon 1911 millions ofMollars would have been added to the wealth of that section. What is true of the South Is equally true of the entire country. Will the system work? The best answer is, it has worked so successfully In the South that the people wtho are feeling its benefits are to-day making voluntary contri butions for the great memorial to the author of the plan. The Lever bill proposes to nationalize the work alre&dy in existence In the South and a majority of the land grant colleges of the country, and to co-ordinate H. with the other agendas at work solv ing the problems of agriculture and rural life, by making agriculture profitable and rural Ufa happy. / SOIL SURVEY OF STATE HAH BEEN ALMOST COMPLETED BY THE GOVERNMENT. » — There Are Seventy-three Different j Tyj>e* of Soil in SUfe^-Only Four of Them General. The bureau of soils, United States department of agriculture haa made soil surveys of over half of Die total land area of South Carolina, or over 15,000 square miles, a' a cost of ! about $50,000. During the surveys 73 different types of soil were en countered and mapped, on which al most any type of agriculture could be practised, particularly the various types of trucking crops and the heav ier types of agriculture. In addition, thousands of acres were encountered suitable for excellent cattle raising. The counties in which soil surveys have been made in the state are Ab beville area, embracing parts of Ab beville, Anderson, Grenwooi and Laurens counties; Campobello area, embracing parts of Greenville and Spartanburg counties; Chariest m area, embracing part* of Char.esto.i and Colleton counties; Conway area, erntwlaeing part of Horry county; Darlington area, embracing Darling ton county and part of Lee county, Orangeburg area, embracing part of Orangeburg county, and the follow ing counties: Bamberg, Barnwell, Cherokee, Chester, Clarendon, Fair- fi**]*l, Georgetown, Lancaster, Oconee, Orangeburg ijn progress), Saluda, Sumter, York and Cnion counties (In progress.) The soil survey work has developed fimr main soil provinces in the state, nanody the coastal plain, Bielmont p I a ’ i au. Appalachian mountains and the flood plaint* The soHs of these provin* 'a differ widely in character and adaptation. The coastal plain province, which is situated In the eastern part of the S’ate, cotiHlsts of soil material that watt washed down from the higher country, now classed In four main soil tterle* which are the Norfolk ae rie* planned aa the most valuable trucking soils of the Atlantic States and excellent coton, corn, oats and forage soils the Orangeburg aerie* which are admirably adai><ed to the production of Irish potatoes, corn j>ea< hes and wrapped tobacco, the Bortamooth series, which, when re claimed. are well adapted to the pro duction of «*traw berries and vegeta bles. corn and forage crops, and Cox vllle series which are claseed aa fine soils for the production of strawber ries. oat*, corn and cotton The soils of the Coxvllle series ar" prominent flat wools soil's, '>u: at presetn are Inadequately drained The Norfolk *'r!es surveyed arnoun’H to about T'l". 1 "'" Hires the Orangeburg series 2*0',""". the Portsmouth series about no 0 0 0 and the Coxvllle series about ton,hum acres. Including about 12'. ( >nu aerrea of swamp ainl 100,000 acre* of tidal swamp and marsh land The Piedmont province constats of three main series of soil types and others of minor importance, namely, the Cecil, classed as excellent general farming hoUs and the sandier mem hers being well adapted to a large variety of vegetable*!, the Durham series, regarded as good for general farming and the lighter members a* excellent trucking soils, the Iredell Ties, recommended as good soIIh for cotton and corn and grain crops The area surve\e| contains about 1.900.- iio acres of ^he Cecil situs*. 75,000 acres of the Durham serbs and about ',5,oimi of tli*' Iredell series. Much of the m>iI in the AppDach- lantiiountain> is suited only L r for estry [iiirpos* s. although the Porters ■ seri* *> contain what is regard***! as the best apple soils of the South. A portion of the region is well adapted to the production of wheat, corn, sye and barley while some of the series .are admirably adapted to the produc tion of Irish potatoes. About 1,300,00 arres of land have been surveyed in the Flood Plains province which, when reclaimed by • ditching and diking are the most productive soils of the State. Howev er, much of the terrace or second bot.to meoils are considered veay val uable for the production of corn, cot- tnn, oats and eowpeas. The soil surveys have demonstrat ed that the State contains a large ar ea of very productive land on which improved farming methods are prac ticed. The State has no land that is n*claimed that can not be used profi tably for agricultural purposes. How ever, there is a great deal of land that is at present not in use or on which farming methods are indiffer ent. Soil surveys of some of the coun ties demonstrated that a lartfd per cent, was not under cultivation al though the soils were of high qual-, I ity and that they could be converted 1 into profitable fields. The Ports mouth soil, for Instance, has a large acreage that is not under cultivation but when well drainerU produces a fine quality of tea, good corn, celery, onions, cabbage and forage crops. The possibility and necessity for the production of more wheat, vege tables milk and butter In the State is brought out prominently by live *oil surveys. In the Piedmont section there are sufficient area* of the Cecil sandy loam and the Durham sandy loam to produce all the vegetable* noceaaary for home consumption and WILL AID ADMINISTRATION. Democrat* in California Support Wil son and Bryan. An Indication of the form Demo cratic opposition will take to the pro posed Webb draft of the antl-alien land bill wa* given in the California state senate at Sacramento Thursday when the measure came up for final action. It was the original plan of the pro gressive Republican majority in its assurance of a successful Issue to force the bill to a vote at once but at the request of the Democrats a post ponement of one day was granted at the last minuate. In return for the delay the admin istration leaders received a pie !ge from the minority that it would abide by the results as shown in the final roll call and not demand a reconsid eration. Thus the Progressives felt that although apparently they lost a day, in reality they saved several by checking further efforts to impede their plans. WIDOW ACCUSED OF MURDER + Mrs. Laura T. Reuter Will be Tried at Rartlesville, Okla. Charged with knowing the plans of the slayers of her husband, Charles Reuter, one of the most promising young attorneys of Tulsa, Okla., his w’dow Mrs. Laura T. Reuter, will be placed on trial this month in Bartles ville, Okla. She declares she is inno cent of the charge and will establish her innocnec by the same confession through which the prosecution planu to condemn her. & Guy I) Mackenzie and Joe Baken are now serving life sentences charg ed with the killing of Router. Against them the ronfes-ion of Bud Hellew, a chauffeur, whs used. It is asserted In his confession he did not mention Mrs Ku* ter directly. What B*M*ze Did for Him. The other day Thomas Seabrooke died In Chicago ;n the most miserable surrounding* The Cedar Rapids Re publican say-, a dozen years or so ago he was easily the foremost comedian on the stag*' He was a born come dian There was no horseplay effect In bis acting At that time he wa» abb- to make $75,000 a year, for ho could draw audiences that would warrant a manager In paying him auch n hilar' The announcement th. t Sea brook ** was in the cast al- wn'« tilled a theater in those days But. says The Republican. Sea- br (>'•**• made one mistake He thoeght he could get away with John H i r l.-y i orii and put him under the table ID k:ew that other men had failed and Dried miserably. In the un* '( u.r * ••nte.-t. but ’bethought t hat lie w .c to !>• t he me exception, the m.Mi .'ho could win the vl*t«»ry But he ‘ id n’t win They never do win who star' out on su* !i a trial of stnru'h Tl.** end is always the ‘•ame. dishonor, humiliation, shame and suffering of every kind. Sea brooke died in delirium tremens He had one supreme agony of mind, when all the devils and snake* of hell tormented him. and then he was dead, dead at a time when he ought to tve In the beginnings of * mellow maturity, the kind of matur ity in which Joe Jefferson wa* at hi* best and during which he gave hla friends and admirers their great* pleasure out of art. This is a peranre sermon that should he and heeded by all men, but most peeially the young men Every man, young or old, who takes one drink fares th*' awful fat*' that overtook the talented .Seabrooke eatewt <& Why They Are Not Wnntexl. Th*‘ reason why California wishes to exclude th** Japanese is because of their effect upon the labor con litions of the white people of the State. A Sacraento paper suggest "that Mr. Bryan take, an auto and ride to Per kins and on to Florin and Elk Grove and see the Japanese women laboring in the fields. Let him view the huts they live in and contrast them with the white men’s homes next door. If this continues, how long will it be before the white women will be com pelled to labor In the fields to help their husbands obtain even the *'eces- saries of life? How long will it be until the white families will be de graded to the same miserable huts? Now these three towns mentioned are all in this county, a few miles east of the capital city of the State, under the very nose of the Legislature, and were formerly prosperous American communities. And there are others south of tho city, towns where the newspapers scarcely find it worth while trying to maintain a circulation that formerly was large.” It will be seen that the Japanese settlers are a hindrance rather than a benefit to California. Under the circumstances we do not blame the people of the State for not wanting them as resi dents. We would not want them here. There Is no comparison be tween negroes and the Japs. for shipping, and In view of the ad mirable adaptation of certain soils throughout the S>tate to forage crops, the buying of meat, milk or butt«4 from outside sourecs should nof^toe practiced. There will be foundTjfl^ of the very best vegetable soils Intfia coastal plains section of the Statu. Early vegetables thrive well on lha gray sandy lands while the medium and late crop# thrive well on the heavier types.