Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

I 0 . I v - r*:-**; :.'«3 . ? ! “ ■ - VOL XXII. BARNWELL,SOUTH CAROLINA,'THURSDAY. AUGUST 24,1890. NO. cr W th« whbat GROWERS CONVENTION. AN EXCELLENT MOVEMENT. * r- of Georgia, Makes •n InatrnotlT* Speech—Good Advice .from Practical Wheat Parmen. The wheat growera* oonrention at Greenwood was quite a luccesa In the attendance of farmers and In the bu«l- oeaa transacted. Fifteen or twenty counties were represented by intel ligent, progressive men, and their ex changes of experience in wheat grow ing was of special value to the conven tion, which, was more of an informal conference than anything else. Three or four hundred farmers, mostly from SlT~ UBdl “« oounU y- were assem bled in the court house when the con- w ••opened. The meeting was * 2 f 0 !^ er n b, Mr ' 8 H ’ McGhee, editor of the Greenwood Index, who made an address of welcome, and the ST^kEKST 1 ,i “‘ pr * , “ r ^ Ml McGhee said it was a distin guished honor for him to call the first convention of wheat growers ever as- Mm bled in South Carolina to order. He spoke of the recent decline in cot ton and said that the farmer yearly, at planting time expected better prices, but when harvest came it was the same old tale of low prices and in creased debts. He said the citizens of Greenwood realised the impor ance of a diversity of production, and seeing an Increased t-ndency on the part of many to plant wheat, and the consequ ent effect of the building up of 1m- , proved roller mil s, and believing that Ihe planting of wheat is an important stop in the right direction, had called the meeting which he hoped would be a wheat convention in truth at well as la name. He was no farmer, but it didn’t take one skilled in the agricultural art to recognize the Important place the farm er held among the people of the world, and it wm evident to all that the farm er at this time needed something,* and it was to the interest of all classes to see to it that he was given speedy help. He spoke of the dependenoe of the city upon the farmer, though it was necessary for perfect prosperity for’ country and city to work together. The country needs the city to furnish implement* for the farmers' use, as well as a market for his products, just as the city needs the diversified pro ducts of the county. What helps one helps the other. The country should rates the produce, and the city should manufacture all tbs farmer needs. He hoped tbs time would soon come when every mortgage would be raised from the farmers' homes and every debt paid. The mission of the delegates was an important one. Tbs eyes of the State are upon them, and if they did some thing to help tbs condition of the coun try they would confer a lasting beeeflt upon the State. Mayor DuPre, on behalf of the city, welcomed tbs delegates and assured them that they would find a hearty welcome in Greenwood. Congressman A. C. Latimer was asked to serve as temporary chairman, and Mr. N. A. Craig was selected as secretary. Mr. Latimer, in taking ~ charge of the convention, asked that tbr delegates confine their talk to the * purposes of the convention, and that all of the speeches be short and to the point. He knew that the convention could and would do muoh good, and thanked the members for Mlecting him as their chairman. The experience meeting, began at once, and it was fruitful of good results. Mr. C. P- Roberts, of Greenwood, had just sold two hundred bushelsof wheat, and be was requested to give his views. Mr. Roberts bellsves in deep plough- log la preparing lands for planting wheat, and mixes fertilisers with his potion seed on lands; made a yield of bushels on 17 or 18 acres 1 prefers ihe blue stem wheat for this section /or planting ; has never been troubled with nut; always soaks seeds of wheat in biueetone preparation over night; thinks it dangerous not to sow as soon •s he can after frost, and kseps it up until after Christmas. He sold his wheat last year for one dollar to one .deiigr and twenty-five cent# per bushel, and this year for one dollar. He plants cotton and wheat, and finds more mosey in wheat than In ootton. Mr. Eldred S. Addison, of Ninety- Six, said that |he had been studying MPall grain for twenty years, and was a great advocate of the crop. He thought that the time would oome, and the sooner the better, when not a pound JfRgfAfiour would be shipped into this State, and when, on the other hand, South Carolina would ship flour outside of the State limits. He made wheat very successfully on lands that had been given up as worthless and which had Seen run down to the heel; be lieved in stable manure on wheat 1 wheat stands all kinds of weather. He sowed ten bushels and made a crop of three hundred and eight bushels. Could pot advise planting on ootton land, because the land oould not well be prepared la time for the wheat crop; preferred planting after peas or on pasture land. The feature of the afternoon session was the address of Mr. C. H. Jordan. Mr. 0. H. Jordan is a man who is doing a great work for Georgia farm ers. Ho is hluuelf, a Georgia farmer, and a member of the Legislature, being chairman of the committee on agriculture. He is agricultural editor of the Atlanta Journal and is authority upon questions pertaining to farming. At preMnt his time is fully occupied in organixl ng the farmers of Georgia. He ’ is holding institutes at the rate of - four a week and is traveling from ons end of the State to the other. He realizes the needs of the Southern farmers and hopes to oopvert them from oottontots to all-round farmers who eaa raise all they need at home and have something to Mil besides ootton. la wheat growing, he sees a way out of the woods and beoauM of his interest in the movement he found time in the midst of his pressing work - to oome over for a talk to South Caro lina farmers. A letter was read from Mr. L R. Self, .of Lincolnton, N.O., giving some exoel- igpt views on wheat rasing as applied to his section of the country. He ho llered in planting when the land was dry, between the 1st and 20th of Octo ber, and in preparing the soil between the 15th of July and 15th of August. RepreMntative E. E. Verner, of Ooo- ues County, struck a decidedly respon sive cord. He wm called upon and de lighted the audience with the Mnse and vigor of what he said. He wm a hog and hominy and flour making farmer. If the farmers raised what they ate there would be no need for so many political meetings. He wanted the whole State to do what Oconee *m doing, raise plenty of wheat, and he believed Oconee raised more wheat than any other county. He bad been raising wheat for twenty years and knew its benefits. He said that the first thing in raising wheat wm work. It oould not be raised by going to town or having some one else du it. He did not believe in too much new-fangled machinery, but wanted to see the wheat sown m of old, by hand. The only remon he knew why wheat could not be grown wm that the farmer who could not raise it wm too eternally lazy to make it The farmer who is afraid of cold weather could not do anything with wheat. He often had to go out and break the ice from the top of the bucket to get at his Med, and go out to work when he would have rather re mained by the fire. If they would work they would not have to eat flour that had chalk and pea flour In it, but oould rvcoain at home and eat fine wheat biscuit, mads up with lard made at home and hams cured on the planta tion. That WM-what he did, and others oould do the same if they were not afraid of work and bruised arms and legs and shins. He sowed bis wheat in November. He cleared land thor oughly: it wm very Important to clean well. Cotton seed wm the manure; bis plan wm to mix stable manure with ootton seed, mixing it up good and then using 25 or 30 bushels of the mixture to the acre. Pulverise the ground well and go down at leMt two or thrM inches. Bed soil wm the bMt for wheat, but other would do. In twenty years be hM not bought a pound of flour for his place. According to his view it wm cheaper Jo make good flour at five dollars a barrel than to wMto time and everything else and go to town and buy it on credit at four dollars a barrel. His flour, the beat that oould be made, cost him three to three fifty a barrel. Hs wm long ago satisfied that it wm out of the question to legislate a living for the farmers or for anyone elM. The only way to maks a living is to work for It, and It Is time to stop thinking of people legislating s living for anyone. He always counted on making fifteen bushels to the acre, and for three years made twenty-one to twenty-three bushels. He tried the blue stem variety for twenty two years and Mnl off for some bearded seed, but for all bis experience found the white wheat the best. He soaked his seed every year; used one pound of biueetone to about five bush els of wheat, using enough water to cover Med. Used from fifty to sixty pounds of seed to the acre. He wm a great be liever in the disc harrow, and said that It could do more work with better re sults than anything on the farm. The fiqld must be gotten la firet-cUus shape before any wheat wm planted. Cltlxen Josh Ashley had been mak ing a few remarks, and the audience called on him lor bis experiences. He got up and preity soon showed that, while he might not be an Emersonian scholar, hr certainly knew a thing or ro about wheat, and living on the farm, and his droll, characteristic manner of tellipg about It added much to the interest of his views and ex E erienoM. Citizen Ashley said: He ad 150 bushels of oats left over from iMt year; planted wheat after cotton, sowed wheat by hand, soaked seed for sight to twelve hours in biueetone wMh, used half bushel to three pecks of seed to the acre. After planting he rolled the ground with a home-made rbller, pulled by a yoke of oxen. Made six hundred bushels of wheat on his farm iMt year ; averaged 10 bushels . the highest 15 bushels. Wheat bM more value than flour. Bran is exoeL lent food and the straw is fine for anl mals, Used 15 bushels of cotton seed to the acre. Mr. Asbley never bought flour for bis entire plantation, and dm been raising it.for many years. He Mnds abroad for seed aqd prefers blue stem. To keep out the weavlls put about two gallons of unslacked lime to 200 bushels of wheat. Did noTlike the toll system roller mills. Hs and Mr. V„erner had an amusing colloquy about roller mills charges. J. H. Chappell, of Newberry, made a brief, but sensible talk. Newberry had four suooeMful roller mills. His smallest yield wm 11 bushels, largest 23i. Col. Thos. W. Holloway sowed three pecks to the acre and used 15 bushels of ootton seed; • used harrow and got K und level. Wheat after corn wm t. Showed his'faith by requiring all his croppers to plant wheat. N. G. E lerbe said he put wheat in paper bags to keep out weavlls, and put bags in rat-proof box. ^ Capt. P. L. Breeden, of Marlboro, said he sought information. He found wheat did better after peM and corn in his section. They fertilized heavily. He spoke of the fine lands and records in Marlboro. Mr. Jordan, of Georgia, wm Mked for some suggestions, and he spoke at length. He insisted that if 20 bushels could be made it wm a fine money crop, but at all events it paid to raise enough for home um. The average for us wm 15 bushels, and if it paid in Georgia, why not here? He never fails to put Med in solution before planting. The question of forming a permanent organization wm taken up and it wm unanimously agreed to form a per nr a- nent association. The temporary offi cers were elected permanently and the following committee on oonstltutionwM appointed by congressional districts : First, E. M. Beabrook, Charleston; Second, L. J. Williams, Edfefield; Third. 8. H. McGhee," Greenwood; Fourth, J. H. Wharton, Laurens; Fifth, T. J. Cunningham, Chester ; Sixth, J. F. Breeden, Marlboro; Sev- eath, J. A. Peterkln, Orangeburg. This committee will select the time and place for the meeting next year. - The coavention wm an undoubted success. Fifteen counties had regularly elected delegates and many others were prpMnt m indvlduals. The court house wm crowded at each session and every ohe displayed the greatest Interest. J , rvi Mr. Latimer /suggested toward the meeting’s close that the tobacco grow ers be invited to meet with the wheat growers neat year and that all work for a diversification of crops. This will probably be done. . ; ... The committee on constltutioh and by-laws met and organized by the elec tion of J. A. Peterkln, of Orangeburg, m chairman, and L. J. Williams, of Edgefield, secretary. y It wm ordered that the organization be named “The Wheat Growerk’ Asso ciation of South Carolina;” that the next meeting be held at Greenwood on August 15th, 1900, at 2.30 o'clock p. m. Resolved, That the officers of the as sociation be a president, vice-presi dent, a secretary and «n executive committee, consisting of the president of the Msoclatlon and one member from each congressional district, whose duty it shall be to name the places and times of meetings. w * Resolved, That the discussions of the association be strictly confined to wheat growing and diversified farm- ing. Resolved, That all persons interest ed in the success of the agricultural interests of the State be requited to attend the meetings of the- association and that each county be hereby re- S uestod to appoint double m many elegates as they are entitled to rep resentation in both houses of the Gen eral Assembly. Resolved. That a meeting at each county seat in the State is hereby call ed for the first Monday in August, 1900, for the purpose of electing dele gates to the next annual meeting of tbc association, and that the members of this committee are authorized to arrange for same. Ordered, That Messrs. A. C. Latimer and S. H. McGee be appointed to ar range for the next meeting of the m- soclatlon as relates to discussions, etc. Resolved, That the thanks of the as sociation be extended to the press of the State for bringing the association to a successful organization. AMERICANS IN MANILA. How Vlllplno We Have Changed Truel Into Hnte. Dr. J. M. McBryde, formerly presi- deat of the Uolverslty of South Caro lina and for the iMt few years presi dent of the Virginia Polytechaic Insti tute, hM given out a letter be hM re ceived from Col. D. C. Shanks, of the United Staten army, formerly ia charge of the military department of the Polytechnic, and lately on duty at Ma nila. The following le an extract: “There le ao doubt of thy fact that almost all of the officers lhadcame out with the first expedition feel that we have not dealt squarely with theM peo ple. The naval officers share this opinion quite as freely as the army. By Implication and fair Inference, if not in direct words, these people were given to understand that we were their allies ia their struggle with Spain. There it no doubt that Mveral thous and r lies and a large quantity of am munition were issued to them from the arsenal at Cavite. An officer told me not long ago that he wm at Cavite when Dewey called on Agutualdo at the quarters of the latter, that the troops were turned out and made to E resent arme to Agulnaldo, while the and sounded a general officer's flourish la his hoaor. A great many think, therefore, that theM people had good grounds for believing that our wm not to replace Spain m th tore, but wm to um them Mi In the war with Spain and in rwtarn to give them their freedom. “At any rate, there is no gainsaying the fact that they now regard us la a much more unfriendly light than they ever regarded Spain. 1 have no doubt that they would vastly prefer to' see the Spanish return rather than that the Americans should remain. The individual relations of the American soldiers and the natives have not been such m to impress the latter With our purity of motive or our honesty m a people. “At first, when the American troop# were regarded m allies, the natives trusted them impllcity. An officer told me that this confidence wm much abused in Manila, where the native merchants, being unaccustomed to the different varieties of American paper money, were swindled by having con siderable quantities of Confederate money palmed off on them. It is said that the Asto| Battery, taking advan- taga of their name, went home leaving in the hands of native merchants thousands of dollars of worthless orders on John Jacob, who wm represented as able and willing to foot all bills of the organization. So great wm their con fidence in the Americans that a sol dier’s uniform wm everywhere suffi cient to obtain considerable credit. “When the regiments were ordered from Manila to toU place some of the native tradesmen and saloon keepers, being unable to collect their bills, in terviewed the company commanders to Implore their asslataxce. One cap tain told me that one saloon keeper came to him with a list showing that Henry Ward Beecher, William Mc Kinley and George WMhlngton had been liberal patrons of his establish ment. Another, a tailor, begged his assistance in collecting a bill for clothes made for and delivered to Gro ver Cleveland. The latter wm much more fortunate than some of the others. As ludk would have it, one private, named O’Brien, happened to be pms- ing at the time and Vm promptly identified m the pseudo Grover. Such tricks have made the natives wary of any. further dealings in 'benevolent assimilation. ” —Rev. W. L. Meese, of Auburn, Ind., who hM performed the marriage cere mony for 1,200 couplee that he hM re cord of, besides quite a number In ad dition, will have a matrimonial reunion August 17 and 18, to which will be in vited all the couples he hM united. There will be a brass band in the city park, where the affair will be held, and all sorts of entertainment, includ ing merry-go-rounds and swings for the children and grandchildren. TILLMAN IN HIS OWN DEFENSE. He Makes an Explanation of His Sumter Speech and Dr tines Peace and Unity. —:• The Anderson People’s Advocate makes the following report of Senator Tillman’s speech at the Carswell Insti tute reunion in that county, which was the annual meeting of the survivors of (Jo. F. 24th S. C. V., and of the old stu dents of the Institute: After' the dinner the crowd of some 2.500 or more people gathered clotty around the stand to hear CongressdKn Latimer and Senator Tillman. Before the speaking began a four-pronged pitch-fork wrapped in tinsel with a gold bug Impaled on two of its tines, was suspended over the stand. Mr. Latimer began his speech by a jocular reference to the pitchfork, expressing his fear of it, and entreating the crowd not to let an Edgefield man come up' 1 here and pitchfork an Anderson man. He alluded to the fact that the farmers are so generally warned to avoid poli tics in all their meetings, and claimed that it wm their right and duty to dis cuss politics, for politics wm nothing but the “science of government,” and farmers were a very large part of the government and its affairs concerned them. He warned them against being lulled to sleep by this cry of avoiding politics, a* it wm Intended to side track and disorganize them. He re minded them of what they had accom* plished by organization In the Alliance against the jute trust, and affirmed his belief that the farmers could break any trust by organizing aga net It. We have not space to reproduce more of his speech, which wm along this line, and Also attacking the Pbilipplne policy of the Administration. After some music by the orchestra which, by tha way, had been Interspersed all through the proceedings, Senator Tillman wm Introduced, and the crowd drew cloMr. He began by referring pleMantly to thd presence of so many ladles, a fea ture which wm noticeably abMqt dur ing his campaign speeches. He Mid be took a special Interest In this re union becauM bis brother commanded Go. i of the same regiment. He then paid his respects to the expansion policy of the Republican administra tion. He jnndemned In unmeasured terms 1 he grabbing of Hawaii and tha denying of the right of Mlf-govero- meat to the Fillplnoe, and that it wm a proud thought for every old Con federate soldier that ha had made the lart and greatest stand for constitu tional Pberty, that the world had ever seen. He objected to their annexation becauM they were an alien race, aad we have had trouble enough with the alien race we have here. Tnal we had quit buying negroes in 1805, and he did not want to buy any more col ored people. He then referred to the article of C. C. Feat hers tone, pub lished in all the dailies simultaneously, taking him to tesk for what he did not say at Sumter. He reminded the peo ple that since he began the fight..is 1890 all the daily papers and mqst of the country weeklies bad beea against him, and had garbled his utterances and misrepreMnted him. He Mid that Mr. Featherslooe was quick to rush Into print before he knew the exnct truth about the matter, and It wm sig nificant that he furnished copies to all the dallies at the same time in order A advertise himself, and that if he had been dispoMd to treat him with true gentlemanly courtesy and be perfectly fair, he would have written to him to know if he bad Mid that “ail prohibi tionists were cowards and hypocrites.” He denied emphatically that ha sail any such thing, but what ha dRr^ay wm that if a prohibition law were enacted it would make a lot of the peo ple Hare and hypocrites, for they would feign sickness to get whiskey, and wowid get a doctor’s certificate on a false pretense to get It. He believed the preachers were sincere, and thous ands of other good people who believed 1th them, but that many of the pro hibition leaders were hypocrites, and In proof of it cited the people to the fact that a strange and unnatural alii- ance had been formed between the genuine prohibitionists and the whis key men, many of whom lei the fight' for prohibition simply to break down the dispensary, hoping to secure a re turn of the barrooms by disgusting the people with the farce of prohibition. He said that Mr. Featherstone bad shown his hypocrisy by going over the Btate iMt summer and making pro nounced prohibition speeches aad pos ing m their leader, and then going down to Columbia last winter and de liberately proposing to form a coali tion with the high license men in order to defeat the dispensary, and that by that act he proposed to betray and Mil out his friends, the prohibi tionists. By this act he advertised himself aj a rank hypocrite. 7^ “But,’’ said the Senator, “some of them say: ‘The State is a partner in the business.’ “And,’’ said he, “she la just m much a partner in the business when she Issues a license to any man to Mil liquor. By that act she gives a monopoly of the business to the few men who pay for a license and the towns and cities got the revenue. Un der the dispensary the whole people in the towns, the counties and the Stete share in the profits. If it is morally wrqpg for the State to sell liquor, it is morally wrong for her to license any body else to sell, and there wm no es cape from that logic.’’ In reference to peace and unity, he said that at Sumter Mr. E. D. Smith got up after dinner and said that he proposed to rake some of the butter off that Dr. Abbott had spread on him, and proceeded to berate Clemscn Col lege. Wlnthrop, the dispensary and every other thing that the Reformers had done, and that die could not be ex pected to sit still and ajcept that kind of “peace and unity.” That If he wm expected to get dowq on his knees and cringe and crawl aod lick the dost and acknowledge that all he and the Re formers had done wm wrong, and that he was a rMcal and a scoundrel, then he wm not that kind of a “peace an* unity” man, but that the peace and nnity he believed in wm the right of the majority to rule, and when the people had spokea It was the duty of every good citizen to submit. He wsrned the people against being thrown off their guard, that “eternal vigilance wm the price of liberty lutlon they had secured the right to name their pjbllo officers at a primary, but that now there wm an effort being made to do away with the primary, and cited the .recent CMe of Horry County where a vacancy in the Senate had Jtieen created by the promotion of Senator Scarborough to be Lieut. Gov ernor, and instead of haying a primary to let all the people choose a Senator, a little coterie got together and nomi nated a candidate. The plea wm that it wm too much trouble to have a pri mary, and the people were too busy, or any other pretext to avoid a primary, and if the people did not watch very soon they would be back into the old rut of holding county conventions for county officers and State- conventions for State officers. This is an imperfect synopsis of the Senator's speech, which wm listened to with the most IntenM earnestness by the great throng of people preMnt, and m the crowd broke away we heard the expression frequently, “that’s the same old Ben.” IS IT BRYAN AND SCHLEY? i Race In (be That through a mighty political rovo- 17,000. Ex Congressman Lewis Has 1 lor Lite— Silver le Strong WeeG ^ The Washington correspondent of the Atlanta Journal relates the follow ing . James Hamilton Lewis, the Congres sional dude of the iMt House, is in WMhlngton, having arrived here in the most forlorn and bedraggled condi tion. His whiskers were untrlmmed, aod his shirt, wm soiled and in general he resembled the airy, dainty Con grtetman of the last seeeion about as much as tbe (buddy road to Arlington resembles the beautifully kept asphalt of Penoejflvanla avenue. His manner was unchanged and kts bow as exqui site as ever. “ Pray excuse me not having a glove on my left hand.” be Mid with exaggerated hauteur. " Have had a race for a life,” ha ooowiouedi /'There ia a Swede out in Washington Slate who, Mven years ago, Was condemned to be huag. For o>e reason or another this dlagraaaola aod uncomfortable act wm postponed. He wm sentenced to hang tomorrow. The Swiss colony out in my State in teres ted their home governmt.ol in bis csm and the government wired the minister hero to do what he oould In bis behalf. “ A mile over a weak ago I wm em ployed la tha csm. I knew 1 would have 10 come to Washington m ail means to save him la Washington Slate had failed. To find ao impor ten l a person as Justice McKenna, who pre sides over the ciroalt, 1 thought would be aa easy ibtog. 1 reached here, with no time to spare, to find that Justice McKenna bad gone to X<> r k Harbor. Jumping Into a hack I made lb< Penney vaonia limited without grip or bunk. On reaching York Harbor 1 found to my dismay that the justice had left tiers aad had gone to Narra- gansetl Pier to visit Justice White. Without using lime to buy a aew col lar I started for NarragaaMlt. 1 reached there ImI night, saw Justice McKenna, secured a writ of error, ar rived here this mo ning, have been to the eupieme court, where I had tha order eniaied, aod telegraphed to tha governor, and now my dear Christian friend, I am on my way to be intro duced to a 1 Clean shirt and once mure to don the habiliment* which gave me more notoriety than fame in that poli tical melee called the House of Repre sentatives.' 1 Is response to an Inquiry If the re port that the silver teollmeat la the West wm on the wane, m returning efficials in the' treasury and Interior departments had stated wm the com, Mr. L?wls said: ' , “ 'Cfetae men who oome beck from their Western tours only see men who think M they do, or rather m their chief* da Still if they travel at ail in the Western country they should be able to MefSat free silver is not meye ly a passing opinion there, bnt a con viction. I am inclined to think, how- evsr, that they fully understend the situation which prevails in the West, but that on their return here they merely 'Change the Ule that thrift might follow fawning.’ “1 do not think that at preMnt there is any doubt about the DemooraU being for Bryan. I think, too, that he ill be nominated. Admiral Schley seems to be the choice tor the vice pre sidency. The persecution of the navy, department hM made him popular throughout the country and brought to the attention of a just-people the brive qualities which have always made him our moet conspicuous naval officer./ I am inclined to think that many of the delegations will be instructed for him. He would arouse great enthuslMm in any part of the country, and I believe the East feels the same waj about him. There is nothing which the American people are so quick to reMnt m in- juBtich But when I begin to talk on this subject I get mad and say things about people that had better be left unsaid. 1 do not think the attempt to side-track Mr. Bryan will succeed, and my prediction is that the next ticket will b* ’ Bryan and Schley.’ ” —An interesting historical fact, dat ing back to 1873, hM come to light In which Admiral Dewey wm the central figure. Dewey, then a commander, wm in command of the United States steamer Narragansett on the Asiatic station, having taken charge of the vessel on March 1, 1873. The vessel wm on surveying duty when the Vir ginia trouble wm preoioated and a war with Spain seemed imminent. Commander Dewey wrote to the navy department requesting that in omc war wm declared he would be assigned to the duty of capturing Manila. The peaceful settlement of thp controversy with Spain avoided the necess'ty for a hostile demonstration, bnt the inter esting fact is that the-doughty officer bad hU eye on Manila over a quarter of a century ago. A search will be made for the letter in the files of the navy department. —The State of KansM now hM 109 cities and towns with over 1,000 in- habitants each. , KansM City leads with a population of 46.219, and Topeka comes next with 35.346, Wichita Is third, with 22,026, and Leavenworth fourth, with 20,803. No other exceeds GOOD ROAD BUILDING. A Band and Olay Composite Makes a Durable and Economical Road- Bed. The supervisor of Richland County gives in The State the following ac count of the methods need in working the road* in that county : The road to be worked with sand and clay composite should bejined off the desired width, which ia tonally 22 feet from ditch to ditch, then deep ditches should be cut to catch the sand and water, and also to compel vehicles to keep In the road and thus prevent theta from breaking off the edge of the clay. Throw the dirt to the centre of the road, leave the clay in the bottom of the ditches (1! there is any there) for the top of the road. Then grade the clay hills, covering with sand for about 8 or 12 inches, do not throw the sand in the road, for the deeper the sand under the clay the quicker it will absorb end draw water from the top surface. Put the send on the clay whilst it is wet end boggy atod until It hM about the consistency of a sun brick. The quan tity of thp sand to be used depends on the quantity of Ahe clay. Kaolin or chalk will not do, for we have experi mented with it end find that it will not peck hard, and it absorbs water. Where there are no clay bills on the road—and that Is the cv* In some sec tions of our county—we haul clay from the nearest mounds on the roadside, end It gives ms real pleasure to state that the landowners In snob sections worked by us have readily and genar- ously allowed us to haul the clay from their lends tree of all charge and I have no donbt they woeld do likewUe in any part of the State. We nave tried send on clay roads aad met with m muoh mooess m we have in working day Into sand roads, end whenever cfey gate boggy we pro poM to suspend claying sand aad will sand the clay, which is ea expense that should be avoided whenever pos sible. Now a word m to the coat. The Mil- mate given yon sometime ego, via: 180 per mile, Is approximately correct, but it is proper for me to My that in mu- meting the coat we do act Include the cost of our chain gang plant, for that we regard m la the nature of a perma nent Investment. We merely estimate the actual coat for the maioteaaeoe of tha 00avleu, feed of the mules, sad the wear aqd tear of road tools. With aa average force of 50 ooevicu we make four mllM of composite road per moeth. True, we have eot thus far does so for the re mob that the ohala gacg hM had to be occasionally em ployed at emergency work la other di- reclloos, but if employed exclusively ia eking composite roads Mooevlota can make four miles per moeth at a cost m abeve estimated. We desire it to be understood that we do not claim, aad have never claimed, that Mod and clay composite I 111 make m durable a road m a prop erly constructed macadam, aad it is proper to My also that ouro hM yet to stand the test of aooatlauous rainy sea n, though It hM beea tested by some heavy summer rales end stood the test admirably. All that we do claim for our send sod clay composite ia that where, m Is the com generally throughout South Carolina, financial coodilloos do eot admit of road building, the next best thing is the eand end clay composite, for it makes e smooth, hard road-bed aad ooeU eea than the repairs aloes of the macadam would cost. Whenever the people become thoroughly alive to the necessity of good roads and are willing to tax themMlvee to build them, then our roads, especially thoM adjalent to citlm aod towns, oould be mscada- mlxed, and It seems to me that such a law as that recently passed la tbc State of New York would then be aa advan tageous one for os here in South Qaro- Uoa. That law rtquires the State to pay 50 per cent, the county 35 per cent, end tbejand owners on each side of the road that is to be Improved 7f per cent, of the road Improvement. • I started out merely to answer ta- qu>rlM M to the manner of building and the coat of oonatruotloo of the sand and clay composite road, bnt hav ing drifted somewhat beyond that point, let mo go on a little farther aad say that in my opinion you are wUely agitating the reduction of State farm ing and the InceeaM of convict labor io works of public utility such m this of road making. As 4s known of all Men, the free labor system of worklog roads is a mlMrable farce and a dead failure. Let the counties have all the convicts they need on the roads aad then we can build them Mlentifioally We can then repair and build brldgM, keep the roads in thorough repair, do needed sanitary work near the cittM, drain off fever breeding swamps and put a stop to the constant drain upon county revenues which hM grown np under our present makeshift system. Let us abolish the free labor system entirely, make the road tax compul sory and apply such tax to the meet# for iron bridges, which wou be permanent structures, obviating the need of wooden odm which have to be constantly repaired to the groat ex pease of the taxpayers. ? ' the; officer to do his duty. It is and sworn dut* of qvery officer missioned by ihe State to uphold the constitution and tha laws of the State. Itirtaj more the duty of the goveraof than it is of every other officer of the •*?. the l*w le properly enforced end administered. la the per formance of this duty the law offioers should have the suppogt, encourage ment, endorsement and of a vary good aad law abiding citizen. ThoM offioers, whoM duty it Is to en force aad administer the law, have ao business to qneetioe the wisdom of the law making power in placing aey law upon the statute books. Their butaaeet is to see that the law is enforoed, so long m it remains on the statute books. As governor it shall be mycoostant purpoM to see that the law is adminis tered aod enforoed wlMly and judi ciously aad in this purpose I seek the eld of every officer aad of every citisea of the State. So far as I am able there shall be no dlscrimtaatloc la favor of any law. There Mems, however, to have pre vailed in this State since the adoption of the dispensary law a Mntiment that it wm an exception, and iaMmuch m certain State constables have be ?a pro vided foe with a view to Its better en forcement, therefore, other law offioers were not charged with the apprehen sion aod proMCutloa of vioiatloM of this law. Tble is a mistaken view, m I understand it, aad 1 shall expect ev ery magistrate aad eoastabio aad sheriff ‘ and ev, ry other officer to aid la the en forcement pf the dispensary law just m he would the statute agaiMt burglary or murder. Aad not only so but I call upon every good olttsca to frown down the viol alien of the dispensary law just M he would the vloiatioa of the law against steal tog or murder pod to aid the offioers in bringing to justice thoM who violate it. The oouetablM ere simply to aid la he enforcement. We may differ m to the wisdom of the lew, but that should make ao difference ~ when It comm to the prosecution oft violators of it. I (m! that if properly ea forced it le the best solution of the llqnor question that hM yet beea de vised, and I desire to base tha aid of ail officer* aad cltlsens la aa honest aad oarsMl effort to enforce It wiMly sad judiciously. I have reduced the constabulary force aad hope to be able to redsoe it still further, but this reduction csta oely be made aad remain permanent by the 00 operation aad aid of the law offioers of the State la enforcing tbe dispel law m otherdaws are enforced. This oommuelcetloc is ad dr pec I ally to magistrates aad ooostablee and sheriffs upon whom I rail to aid me la the eaforeeutea* at the taw. If have evidence that aey magistrate or couetable is wishing at the violation of tbe dispensary law aad le eot making proper efforts to hrieg to who violate it I shall at lie reelf aelioa.. I hope this win net 1 firmly believe that If the law ia ly aad jediciooely administered violator* of it are promptly appro- beaded aod puD.sbrd through the proper legal cbacnal* provided for tbc trial of criminals that a healthy pa bile •mtinirnl will prevail ia its Invert aad violators of the law will be looked upon M other criminals, aad there will be to have special 1 UPHOLDING THE DISPENSARY. The Olty 'aad County cfltotale Are Urged to Put Down the Illiolt Liquor Traffic. Governor MoSweeney hM written the following letter to esch sheriff sad magistrate In the State, Mklng for co operation In the enforcement of tbe dispensary law. He hM MnWS similar letter to the mayors of towns aad dltlM Mklng them to use their effprte to have the local police enforce the dispensary law. He hM also Mked each of them to exproes a candid opinion of his views in regard to the eoforoement of the law. Gov. MoSweeney recently reduced the numbar of constables tatployed by. the State IfftaU in the safereemeat of the dispensary law. The results have apparently proved satisfactory, for tha chief executive is looking around for means to enable the number of ooueta- bine to he ■till farther reduced. His letter to the sheriffs sad magistrates is m follows: Dear Sir: It should not be n« sary to call the attention of offioers to the Importance of eaforoieg any taw. I aver It should be the purpoee of every taw |aad no 1 to enforce It then it Is to' have special offlecreto enforce the taw egalaeteteei- leg. However, tat it be remembered that this law must be eeforced, aad tboM who violate it mMt be brought to trial aad pualebed. If this cannot be dose through the a*tab 11*had aad ordinary legal channels, then extra- ordloary means must be be used. As far m my power aod ability go it shall be my pnrpoM to one that all tawe are wUelv, judiciously aad rigidly ea- oroed. To thle and tat every officer and every good citisea of South Caro- iaa lead his eacouregcmcat aad aid. M. bTmcSwunky, Governor. —Tha little town of Morebead, Kan., hM put the co-operative idea into prac tice with considerable Puooess. The piece hM e population of only 500 or 1 >00, but it le growing rapidly. It is oe the Santa Fe Rill road, ia the heart of e prosperous agricultural section. The co-operative principle hM beea ex tended to a large number of interests. Several farms are run on it, one of the details being a division of crops for tha purpoM of relieving thoM farmers who happen to suffer Iossm. More over, the town hM a co-operative ho tel, laundry, hall, creamery and can ning factory, and a co-operative dining hall, at wbio hperhaps twenty-five per sons take their meals, hM just bean es tablished- —John D. Rockefeller ia recently de clining to aid personally la raising the data of a Western church said to the applicant: “ l oaaaot oblige you beoauM I have had ao oppprtualty to examine a report of your fieacolai con dition and I never contribute under any other elrcumstaaoes. Yen had beat apply to the mission people fot assie- 000 through tbe mission officials be- oauM I felt sure that they knew the needs and oould distribute it wisely. I might make a mistake.” The Huntsville, (Ala.) chain her of commerce hM called aa industrial oofr vention to he held ta that city begin ning October 10th next, continuing four days, or until the business brought before it shall have been finished. Tha convention will be composed of tha governors, oommlxaloeers of agricul ture, superintendents of eduoanea, or personal roprsentaUvM of either, from all Southern States. ^ - —Private Harvey R. SmiMLi. cago, hM just returoed from tha Phil- Ippluer with a Filipino bullet “ la hit brain at the aaax of the skull, the tookstt of his left eye ttnpty, his left tag helpless and with asteeipUte help ing out the punctures of a ' " ‘ “OMt tx —The world are ta 000 1 bushels