Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Hh.! which whM. intheCountr A WOMAN PAJKMBR’8 AUCCSM h* Satire Plantation Strict Aoooaat of for the ootton picker* week, eaoh night bavleg their weighed, sad Satnrdej it U all counted np aad flren them. Hardly aay power can get'work oat ol a negro Saturday afteraooB, no the week's work at noon. 1 am oa my hone naftflft every day eeelag that the ton to being picked as rapidly ee i elble. In theeprlng I also ride ( hat a woman farmer who owae ead menagee a plantation of 1,«00 aeree •uooeetfully and who to perhaps the leading worn Bn ootton planter in the country. She lives at Depatnr, aad to one of the wealthiest and most active oitiseas of that Motion. She to Mn. Leila Seton Wnder, and she to known throughout her own State as well as in other Southern States. Mrs. Wilder has written tor the »*w. York, Herald an latetestlng account of her farming methods and *bout her near Decatur. Mrs. Wilder ^Yee, I live oa a plantation and nags it all myself, so that if things don’t go right I am denied ‘hat wo* ‘ ^ i of saying i told you I came to do i^ I so.’ simply drifted Into it. I had never lived in the oouatry la my life until my marriage, but the freedom of tt. Its likeness to the landed estates 'of England appealed to mi, and I enjoyed it thoroughly. My husband lived ooly twenty-two months, and I went back to town, rentinfl the place. I got tired of that, though, and determined to go Back aad have an ideal country home, where I could entertain my friends la the fall. The rest of the year I spent In traveling. I rented-Ml my land to tenants, doing no farming my self, but these years were valuable. I G it more and more Interested in the fe and. naturally, was bound to learn a good deal about It. , T * Two years ago I was offered a body of land which had been in the original plantation of my husband's, but had been sold off. I decided to buy ; this meant that I could no longer go on In the shiftless manner I had been. I was going to Invest a good deal of money, and I .must make it pay. My attorney end all my friends advised against the buying, saying there was no money in farming; that 1 would have to have an overseer, and that that would take all the profits, etc.; but I went on, and mhde my purchase and also made up my mind to succeed I must succeed. I would not stand a eonfessed failure, and so I went to work. I determined to more than just get along. I intended to make a model place that would not be known as most widows’ farms are—by the gates on one hinge and the poor fences. Bo 1 began by putting the best wire fenoes around the plantation, have by now put up several miles; and am an expert. I know how much wive to buy for a mile, what is a hog proof fence, the best posts to use, site, etc. I have gone right out and seen every panel of fence put up. Then have had new roads worked on the place, under my own eyes. I have had four new cabins built, all done by the tenants on the place, with no overseer but myself. * Perhaps my most fortunate quall- floatloa for the work 1 do is the faculty of managing these negroes. I think I can get more out of them than ord! plantation contains 1,600 acres, near Decatur, my boundary line being that of the town. It lies for a mile , aad a half along the Tennessee river and the same distance along Flint river, a small stream running into the Tennessee. There are about 700 acres in cultivation, the balance in timber of magnificent first growth bard wood, principally white oak. We raise oot ton principally, but on account of our proximity to town, corn, hay, some oats and, eaoh tenant, sorghum cane for his ’long sweetening’ during the year. I now cultivate about 100 acres myself, with hired help; the balance to rented on what is known as the tenant system, only as the land is so near market and very fertile I com mand a money rent instead of a share crop, receiving for upland $3 and river bottom 14 per acre. Each tenant takes, to use a technical expression, a one, two or three-horse crop, according to the amount of stock, the man has. A horse to supposed to be able to tend 25 ie spring I also ride con stantly over the fields to see that the crop to being put in properly aed in time. The negroes are vpry proud of having no overseer, and take a great pride in giving me all the help they can, always, though, with a sort of an air that a woman farming to a great joke. 1 have their ooofidenoe thorough ly by the strictness with which I keep my books. Eaoh tennant has his ac count in my plantation book, and the night they ooate to settle up to a great affair. They bring their books aweg, for If they oannot write they all have child that can, aad we go over the year, take out their work account aad square their rent before I sign contracts with them for another year. I am very proud of the way my in- fluenee extend*, even in my absence. I go sometimes two months at a time, and every negro feels that be has the honor or the plate In his hands. My head man, whom I leave In charge, works a good deal harder than when I am at home.'I tell him. I am clearing one hundred aores of land, aad have a wood yard in town to sell the wood off. and the hauling never ceases while I pm off. Of course, but for the fact that 1 can getoff from the whole thing every once in a while I could not stand It, as it toe great responsibility, and I would net advise a woman, unless almost made of Iron, to undertake it. Lilia Siton Wilder. Governor Eller be aad the ottar Mata] officers were duly Inaugurated on the 18th last. The Columbia Record says : The galleries were crowded with ladies and visitors generally. Among the ladles ware representaflvee of the female colleges, many Colombians and others. Every available seat around the railing was occupied, and standing room wee the order. A number army officers ^wers noted in the throng. At 1210 the Senate filed into the hall' of the House, and a few moments later Sergeant-at-Arms Stansell announced the Governor-elect and Lieutenant Goveraor-eleot aad staff. ^ Hie assemblage approached. Gov ernor Eller be and Senator Mower lead- l»«- Then came the Lieutenant Gov- and Representative ' Magtll; ‘ Senator. Brown; and Mr. :• con- ly a rh to il.tr takes peots V I have twenty families on the place, but they are not all tenants, as some of them are hired by the year. Eaoh tenant has a cabin, garden spot and K ture free of rent and his firewood. irons are not at all migratory. Many of the younger flETisn have been born on the place, and some have been •hero since the surrender. They look oa it as muoh their home as mine. One, for Ikstanoaf displeased me this summer, and 1 told him he would have to go to town aod could sot live out boro any longer. Then I went off for a month. On my return almoet the flret one I saw was " Bud,” and ons of the other men said: "Oh, Mrs. Wilder, he’s chopping wood. ‘Bud* said ha had nowhere to go, this was all thq home he hdff and we just told him to stay." Of course I was glad, for " Bud" was here when I came, a bride. I try to cultivate the feeling among them of the English tenacity of hold- their land for life and leaving > to thefr children. A man better care of land that heex- i to continue to live on, and, may- his children to cultivate after him. the present low prioe of ootton Its cultivation has become a problem, but with the tenant system I do not sae how we oan stop It. It to the only crop safe for your rent I am trying to have eaoh tenant raise hto own meat land enough corn and bay for and stock. This, with bis should make ootton hto sur plus crop. I think it nil nonsense to talk about the Bouth cutting down her amount of bales one-half and making ootton tan oents. The minute we quit raising to Rod ootton goes up Egypt and India will raiye It In large quantl- tiee. What we want to dots raise as muoh as we oan to the acre, but have it our surplus crop. This, with the Oftmiag of the markets of the East, will give us better prioes. I intend, however, to experiment with raising hogs on a large scale. I think there is Mg money inlt If one can keep cholera away, and with the Urge range I have to the "Big Woods ” I think or of that small. I want to 1^.' raise qnnatitles to ship by the carload. - Of course, the busy time of year on n plantation to the fall. Then the oot- km ia being picked and ginned, the tenant to getting ready to pay hto rent, aad he:eIs whore the beauty of ootton la. If your tenant has raised enough to pay you you oan sleep easy, «p off with teat How- if bo has paly got corn, you. have to watch pretty closely, or he goto it WHAT TOM PHlLIPPIKBB AML Kx-Senator Edmunds, ol Yermoat Gives Hto Views oa the Qpeesloa of tbe Day. Hon. Gao. F. Edmunds, the ablest statesman of the Republican party, and for many years the leader of the Senate, la a letter to the New York World states very dearly hto views a elnst Imperialism, ana makes the lowing points In regard to the Philippines and our connection with them: 1. These 1,200 islands, more or leas, are In the heart of tbe tropic, and oc cupy n region of seas nearly 1,000 miles long norfn and south and 300 miles wide. They are about 7,000 miles dis tent from our Pacific coast and about 14,000 miles distent' from AtUntio crust via .the Sues Canal, trolled by* a foreign power. Onl; few of the Islands are large enoug piny any important part in the pro blem. These are Luzon, Csmarlnes, Mindoro, Smsar, Leyte, Panay, Min danao and Palawan. The latest enoy- olopaediaa estimate the area at about 114,000 square miles and the popula tion at 7,000,000. A They have Ml the climatic evils and diseases of trout cal countries and are frequently affl icted by violent hurri canes and earthquakes. They are, ns nil human experience has proved, absolutely incapable of being oolonlzed and built up Into communities of Americana or of any of tbe people of cool oils ntes. 3. Thv,y are already inhabited,, already stated, by about 7,000,000 of . people—being more than 60 to tbe square mile of the whole area of al the islands. The population, there fore, is already denser than that of the State of Michigan. The population to composed of Spaniards, other Euro peans, English and Americans, half- castes, -Chinese; Malays, Japanese and aboriginal natives. Of the totelof ml' this conglomerate of rnoos the Enro penns and Americans compose lew than 2 per cent, after more than two hundred years of European occupation, and very few of these were born \here. Even in Manila, the capital, IT per cent, of tbe inhabitento are Malays, 30 per cent, are Chinese and half breeds, Spaniards; Spanish half-breeds and creoles 8 percent, only, and of other white men only a trace, and of white'Women substantially none. . A The five or six Islands of the group of any considerable sine are al ready fully populated by the races and mixtures above mentioned. 5. They are people who never have been and never can be In need of or the consumers of American productions to any appreciable extent. fi. The islands are very fertile and produce principally the fibre known ns Manila hemp, coarse tobacco, coffee, sugar and tropical fruits; and they have extensive forests of tropical woods analogous to those of the vast forests of Central and South America. 7. These resources comprise the onlv value of the Islands except that of furnishing a location for fortresses and naval stations for a nation ambi tious to beoome the political and mili tary mistress of the world. A new Alexander or Napoleon, if ho possessed Inexhaustible resources of men and money, Blight wish for them for this purpose. 8. The sincerely professed and sola purpose of the war was to make Cuba a free and independent state. Admiral Dewey dldr not go to Manila for pur poses of conquest at all. Hi want there with hto gallant little fleet to capture or destroy, if he oould, the Spanish fleet. He did It In a way that astonished the naval powers of the world. But he only acquired military control > of the bay and city of Manila and Its environments. Nearly all be yond that was In possasslon of an or ganised rebellion against Spain.* 0. At that time, and long before, an active and powerful rebellion was In progress In the Islands, and so far as present Information goes it now h >lds sway over a largo partxof Luson and quite or nearly the whole of Penny and of other largo districts of those principal Islands. It appears to be true that the rebels co-operated with our forces la the overthrow of the Spanish rule at Manila under the im pression that oar operations at Manila were not to help Spain to put down the rebellion and then take possession for ourselves, but wore only to orlpplo the Spanish power as an incident of war in bringing Spain to renounce Its control Of Cuba, which Congress had said in Its declaration in respect to Cuba was its solepurpose. 10. That the people of the islands who were carrying on the rebellion In order to bo free and independent do not desire to bo annexed and to beoome a territorial dependency iff the United States of aay kind, and that they In tend to resist annexation appears to be in disputable. Jndge Ernest Gary aad Beaato retiring Secretary Tompkins Cooper; retiring Attorney General Barber and Mr. G. Duncan Bellinger; retiring Adjutant General Watts aad ColODal Floyd; retiring Superintend ent of Education Mayfield and Mr. J. J. McMahan. Tbe rest of the State offloers holding over followed. Senator Scarborough, of Horry, pre sided and called upon Rev. W. R. Rich ardson to open the exercises with prayer. This be did in a vary eloquent manner. After tbe prayer Governor Ellerbo stepped forward and the oath was administered to him by Jndge Ernest Gary. ' ' The Governor in delivering hto in- augural address said: "Fellow-Citizens: Two years ago I was called by an almost unprecedented msjority to the highest office within your gift. The reasons for my over whelming victory are not far to soak. We had just passed through four yeors of tbe bitterest partisan warfare that had ever shaken the State. It had ar rayed brother against brother nnl friend against friend., It had engen dered the bltterost feelings between the different classes of our population. Town and country were at war, Instead of working harmoniously together for a common good. The Reform move ment brought many substantial gains to tbo people; but, like every other social revolution, It brought with tt tba concomitant aad Inseparable IBs, of which I hMO spoken. The good re mains; tfMteril In time disappears. The peoptofaspeolnlly the people of South Carolina, are generous and in their hearts tbe passions of partisan hate soon die out, self consumed. " Twas thus, after four years* strife, tbe people now, in mutual, well- beseeching ranks, marched all one way no more opposed against acquaintance, kindred and allies. Ignoring party lines, they turned with characteristic generosity to me; not because of spe cial worth or fitness on my part, for had done nothlng-to merit such mark- id esteem, but because they a ho knew me belt believed that, as Governor, would servo not a faction, but the whole people, and strive ur bring in an era of poaoo and fpid fellowship. Thus was I enabled to launch the ship of state under favoring breezes. Knightly and generous souls came forward with pledges of co-operation. Tho press, with scarcely an exception, promised support and prophesied a happy voy age under favorable skies. With many misgivings-1 undertook the task to whloh I was called, scarcely daring to trust my ability to meet the expecta- T. Larry Gantt in Evening Star. la regard to the Eilerbe-Goasales —utter, we will state that the reason Gov. Eller be has not given hto side to i one of hto principal witnesses, 3ol. W. A. Neal, has bean confined to hto bod with a serious attack of Blok- 1, aad avaa hto apei intimate friends oould not see him. In foot, all newspapers have been kept from Col. Neal, aad ha knows very little about tho oortroversy. Boro arc tho facta la that matter, which we did not get from God. HI- lerbe, but from a geLttensaa who knows what he to talking about: S ea before the lint primary, aad • Xr. Qoanalos wes iA Cuba, Gov. EUorbo stated to Mr. W. D. Evans, and other gentleman, that fie believed that the people should be glvaa tba right to vote on tho dispensary or prohibition, do far ns high tioenee is ooaoeraed, he believed that If tba State sold liquor, tho State should control tho business, and not delegate tbe power to outside inrties. , Seme of Gov. Bllorbe's enthusiastic friends were anxious that ho should secure tba support of tho Columbia State, but Gov. Biter bo always tested against this, and said that Gonzales would drive more votes from him than ha oonld possibly bring to him. That Weston tetter was written in- der the following circumstances: Mr. Frank Weston was In his bank office one olgfif, when Col, Neal and Mr. Gonsnles .came in together. Mr Gonzales was walking up and down the floor, In an excited manner, describing is experiences la Cuba, and telling >ow the Mauser bullets would whtot.o around hto ears. After dilating some time on hto war experiences, Col. Neal remarked to Mr. Gonzales: " Lot up on Cuba awhile; sit down hereTaad we'll talk business." Got Neal then want on to explain that Gov. Eller be was being bitterly fought on every side, and bad not a Prof. W. T. Lander, of WUllamstoa, 8. C., published the following article > Columbia State a year or two ago, aad as the grip to abroad la the tend agate, we republish It for the we rep benefit of our renders A year ago whoa the lafloeasa or grip was so prevalent, I aottoed a report “ * ‘ * ethos- IK pec tlons of the people. Would that It had been possible I "The soant majority, however, n oently accorded me after a stubborn! fought fight,is in sharp contrast wit the overwhelming victory of two yours ago, and yet I have no reason either to complain or whine. My duty I have C irformed to tho best of my. ability y mistakes I shall neither attempt to ooodone, nor to shift tbo burden of their responsibility on others. With deep gratitude to tbe friends who hav# never wavered la their support with malice towards non# and good will towards my fellow citizens, with a pro found appreciation of the great honor conferred, I enter upon my second term ns Governor of this historic com mon wealth. To tbo oltlsens, let me repeat, whose votes were oast for mo I oan never express my gratitude; but while deeply grateful to my friends, I shall endeavor not to forget my duty to tbo whole people and to treat with fairness and. consideration evetf tbe bitterest of my political enemies. "I repent what was said two years ago. I assume this' offloe untrammeled tbe approval and to merit the oonfi denoe of all patriotic citizens, shall be my highest ambition. In my former inaugural was outlined a pollov, whloh In tho pinin I shall still endeavor to pursue. In conclusion, mv country men, I bespeak for myself, during tbe two coming years, If my life bo spared, tlra utmost stretch’ of your generosity and charity. "All good ettlsens are struggling, though over different roads, for thin same goal, tho highest welfare of our beloved State. Let us vie with each other not to engender wrath and bit terness of speech, but to allay passion and prejudice, and to enkindle in tbe hearte of the rising generation a deep er love for our grand old State. With confidence In tbe Integrity »f our peo ple, with faith In a God, who -favor* and protoots tho righteous, I shall take up the burdens of this high trust with fresh hope aad strong courage.’’ At the ooaoluslonof the! □augural there was considerable applause amongst legislators. Lieutenant Governor MoSwoeaoy then took tfie oath, but made only a short address, saying that bo most heartily thanked tbo people 'for their renewed oonfldenoe in him aad prom ised to carry out his accustomed fair ness la tbe conduct of the business of tho Sonnte. Ho then announced the joint eeoston dissolved. The State offloers-elect simply ha; to take an oath of offloe before notary public. This they all did entered Immediately upon their duties single dally paper la the State to de fend him. He wanted to know If Mr Gonsnles could not bo induced to cham pion the cause of Gov. Ellerbe? To# reply! was that IfeGov. Ellerbe would promise to ase his Influence to let thr people vote on local option aad give a written pledge to that effect, The State would support himiand under no other conditions. Mr. Weston was asked to sound Gov. Ellerbe on this proposi tion. The next day he called at tbe Cap! tol and found the Governor In his offloe. Mr. Weston explained the po litical situation to Gov. Ellerbe, and that be waa in ssrious danger of de feat. Mr. Weston then told Gov. E lerbe tha^ It was Important that be should have a dally paper on bis side, and explained the conditions under which Mr. Goezalee would support him. Tbe demands made by the editor of The State Incensed Gov. Ellerbe very much, and fie ansfrered Mr. Weston a* follows " Tell Gonxales that I say ha can go to the devil with both his paper and hto demands, for I don’t intend that be shall dlotate to me. If Gonzales oan not support me from gratitude, after have given his brother the appoint ment! did, he oan lot it alone and come out for Peatberstono ; and I want you to tell him so for me.” " In fact,” cerftinued the Governor, " some of my friends think that my election binges on getting the Colum bln Bute to support me, when I have always contended and believed that N G. Gonzales would do ms more barm than good. It has already been charged that f have made a deal with The State, and I don’t Intend to secure offloe by going Into a deal with nay man or set of men “ Mr. Weston then went on to explain to Gov. Ellerbe that it whs not nee sary to make any written pledge to Mr. Gonsnles, or go Into any deal; that tbe Governor had frequently declared to himself and other friends, that he believed la letting the people settle the liquor question among tbemeelves, and there was nothing wrong la put ting down in black and white a posi tion he bad already maintained by word of mouth; that if he believed tbe people bad the requisite Inteillgenoe to eleot a Governor, they also bad In telligence enough to settle tba liqaor issue. Mr. Weston stated to Gov. Ellerbe that he could address the letter to him self and mark it " personalthat he was going to Charleston aad wanted to show that letter to some of Gov. Ellerbo’s friends down then, at it would strengthen their bands. With great reluctance Gov. fillerhs at last consented to write that letter, but pro tested to the last that the open tup; of the Columbia State would Injure hie chances, and ha didn’t want it. When the Governor states that hto views on the dispensary aooord with Mr. Weston’s, It will bo remembered that Mr. Weston, la hto first speech during tbe county campaign, stated t bat bis own views had udergooe a change In regard to the dispensary, and that ha was not fighting tba tew. So it will bo soon that Gov. Elterbo did not saorlfloe any principle in the opening paragraph of tba Weston tetter. . Of course we do not report the word* of tho principals In this contro versy, but simply givo facta collected during our visit to Columbia, from an nuthentio and reliable source; aad when Guv. Ellerbe aad hto side have been heard from, tho pabllo will find our report oorroet. oe the disease from oae of the beet pltale la Europe. This hospital to la Edinburg,. Scotland. At the time of the report, hundreds of influenza eases ind bean treated there. After fight lag the apidemio with varying soooess, a happy aeeldeat ted the superinten dent to adopt an alkaline treatment with an extreme case that was brought A full dose of snlorutus- was given every two hours. Although the patient was in convulsions when brought in, tbs became quieter a few minutes after the first dose; aad only three dosee were given before the patient was fairly on the way to recovery. In throe days she was counted wall. This same simple treatment was followed with a thousand, not one of whom led. Best of all, not only was tbd In- finenae promptly cured; hot there were no unpleasant or dangerous sympton foUlowlag recovery. It has been o served that not more die of tbotefluen- sa than what may follow it. From some work in xsj chemical laboratory, carried oa before this re port came out, I had uoaolnded that the Influenza was at toast associated with excessive acidity of tho system, if It was not caused by this abnormal state. I was so certain of tbe oorreot- i of this view that, on being thrown ta bad mysntf with the Inflienai, 1 tied myself only with alkaline drinks to oonnteraot the aeld. The result was that, Instead of two or throe weeks of pnnyaoss, 1 missed only day from work. — The success with my own case was so astonishing that I have been called to treat other oases; aad Of about 26 treated, vary few have had to give np work more than'a day—tome not at all. Not being a physician, I should feel soma hesitancy la offering my cure, if after I had begun to try it, it bad not received tbe high endorse ments quoted. At first, I used the carbonate o llthia, whloh to the-beat of the alkalis for the purpose. But as my practice (all charity) enlarged, I left so expen sive a drug, and contented mySelf withy the carbonate of potash and nods These I found practically aa good ns tbe llthia. For tbe eake of thr suffering public I would say that the dose I have usw for groan patients has been a level teaspoon of baking soda, dissolved plenty of water, taken every two hours until the headache and soreness are gone, then one extra dose for measure. It to not the best to tel root sks a dose lust after eating. 1 have rarely found more than four doses heeded Since the system lateen acid state, calomel, of course, to a very dahgeront medicine, aad many deathe from influ ansa are, without reasonable doubt, traceable to the ’use of calomel in the disease. ivis interestlog to note that when all else failed, our grandmothers used to cure the worst colds with " fire coal This was simply a crude salera- tus treatment. So there is nothing new under tbe sun, and wise theory simply prove* the soundness of another of their old practical wmyi. W. Tkrtboh Lander. t* ■■ — THE WOBLD-E LABaBSt SHIP. ix i£! P m ws say! to witoh pretty ofosely, or he gets It pain, no matter whet'lkt t>ff in small quantities, aad then you J ou ’ are left oa the rent. llowever, I have .7 1 Apply to the seat of the at ths^>*in U, Alligator «s Moallautsat of. tenants, uud also d^thm ^iS^Vckly. 9 Sold everywhere... jHi »f«7 good ooUeotor. I JL' -rC- a certain no nmedy No rema ined*. —A bit of society gossip in New York, wbleh to probably without the least foundation, Is to the offset that Blltmore, the famous Yanderbllt place lu North Carolina, Is to be closed aad abandoned for all time by the Vender- bfite, aad may be turned over to the State for a museum of some sort. Mrs. Vanderbilt finds It too gloomy and pre fers a French chateau. - : —la January, 1887, them ware la St. Loulu 4,007 saloons. This year finds that number reduced, to 1,029, a da* crease of 2,038. The Mlsooari tew prohibits tbe adulteration of liquors.-. —Bkying liquor at retell and using It whomsale has ruined many a This places an antlroly new construc tion on that reported deal, aad shows Governor Ellerbe up ta a favorable light. He has done no mere than hun dreds of other Democratic candidates have done to secure aa election, and nelthar has ha deceived or betrayed tbe people. It to whispered around Columbia that Gov. Hlerbe to not tho only public man who bad boon " monkeying” with .the Columbia State, aad' promised to help tear up tba dispensary U tba One- sOrvatives would help them. ' " It to stated that Calhoun County, II* Uooto, bus not not hud % beak or a negro within Its borders for half a oen* tury. It has not bad a railroad, a tel egraph, or a telephone line. It was announced u short time ago that th* county would have a bank, Tbe con tract was let. Tbe contractor thought that If tbo eouaty accepted a bank It oould also stand a negro. So be Im- r ed oae tor % hod carrier. Butpub- Indig nation was so hot “ negro swam the Illinois /river walked sixty miles book to Alton —Iowa towns along the Mississippi river report the water lower'than at aay tlqie si nos 1881. Noah’s Ark Has Been Distanced by the Modern Levtathna. The largest ship ever built, " from Captain Noah down to'Captain Cook,” was launched at Belfast on the 14th Inst, when the Oceanic, of tbe White Star line, split the waves, says the Augusta Herald. Noah’s ark was 340 feet long; the Oampeala of the Cunerd line to 626 feet, the Kaiser Wilhelm der Gronse is 648 feet, aad the Great Eastern was 880 feet, but the Oceanic Is twenty- four feet longer than the Great Eastern, or 704 foot over all. The Great Eastern was of greater beam and tonnage, how ever, being 83 feet broad, 38 feet deep and having a displacement of 22,500 the Tbe Oceanic to 66 feat broad, 44 feet deep and has a displacement of 1>7,900 tons. Tbe Great Eastern's engines de veloped only 2,700 horse power, and her best spaed wae eleven knots an hour. Tba eaglnea of tba Oceanic are built for 45,000 horse power, and she Is expected to sail across the ocean day after d«y with her triple screws at the rate of twenty-seven miles an hour, which to about the same spaed that tbe new mall service from New York to Ban Francisco to expected to maintain' Tha^Great Eastern was. a failure as an ocean carrier, because she took so ibuoh coal, was so awkward to beadle aad cost so muoh' for repairs. It was a serious problem to turn her around la an ordinary harbor, and to get her la and out of her slip was a matter of the greatest anxiety aad danger, but the Invention of steam and electrical •tearing apparatus has made such pro blems of navigation comparatively easy,aad the eaptains of the Campania, or tbo Kaiser Wilhelm, or any of the other great leviathans of ocean com meroe handle them as if they were a Mam of horsee. It to interesting to compare the Oceanic with tba steamer' whloh Robert Fulton pat upon the Hudson within tbs lifetime of many men. John Sherman was 7 years old. Tbs late Senator Morrill was of age. Representative Grow, Of Peensylvanin, was 10 years old. Senator Morgan, of Alabama, wau l. Senator Pettis was 9 years of age. Senator Hawley was 4 yuan old. Senator Oullom aad Sen ator Allison wore infants in arms when tbe first steamship was launched upon thqjuasaa. In 1810 there aero five steamboats halUag^froqs >8# port of Now York. The journey from New York to Washlngtoa was made partly by steamboat aad partly by stage, and It look no much time ns to now required to go to London. —Miss Mary Gragg, of 8t. Louis, be ing desirous of marrying Joseph H Dillon, but bring heiress to u consider able fortune, left her ky an unole on condition that she docs not change her name, ban nuatl; solved thq dlmculty by ohaagtefi by legal process of the name of tbo prospective husband to Joseph H. Dillon Gragg. "Love will find a way.” —Admiral Sam pace to something of aa artist aad many of his tetters hossa during tba Spanish war wen IliustrataA with marglne' sketches of ooaslderabte merit. —A millionaire who died In Boston a few days ago directed In his will tbst ao one owing bibs less then 12,000 be required to pay. - —Tbo River Nile flows for twelve baud red mite without receiving A •ingle tributary siroam. of the Qwaltty of Ootton—! Grades are Bard to Find. Mr. Alfred Sbepperson, the noted cotton expert, has issued the following: The salient features of the present cotton situation are: * . First—The large receipts of tbe American crop since. September 1st the beginning of the season) and the large visible supply at this time. Second—The unusually large quan tity of cotton still in tbe fields and tbe uncertainty ns to how much of it will be saved, and in what condition. Third—The large proportion of stained and low-grade cotton, with the correspondingly small proportion of high gradea in the crop. Fourth—The improved condition of the cotton gooda trade in this country. The quantity of our crop which has come into night to about 4o0 1 000 bales [reater than to tbe end of December ast season, 1,900,000 bales more (ban the previous season, and 700,000 bales more than the season of 1894-95, in which the largest crop was ever mar :eted, except the crop of last season. It to to be noted here that the.in crease of our exports this season over ast season to several thousand bales peat than the increase of cottou wrought into sight, thus off-eettii g to a certain extent that depressing item. As the crop has been marketed With greater rapidity it may well be ques tioned if tbe present increase in re ceipts over previous seasons will be maintained to tbe end. Should this grin be held, however, a comparison with last season would indicate a crop of 11,600,000 bales, while only 10,000, 000 bales would be indicated by com paring with tbe season of 1896-97 and about 10,600,000 bales by companog with the large crop of 1894-95. Tho weather conditions w the cot ton belt since October 1st have been in striking contrast with tbe remarka bly favorable weather of last season for maturing and gathering tbe crop. Killing frosts were unusually early, be ing quite general from October 7th to 30ih, and I think that these frosts and tbe subsequent frost curtailed tbe yield materially. The crop was a late one, and therefore more tbau usually subject to damage in quality and loss in quantity of early frosts. Whatever others insy think about it, there is no doubt that those who sold good grades pf white cottou (middling and above) foi December, and January shipment nave now a very lively reali zation of the effect of frost and rain on tbe quality of cotton, for they are finding much difficulty in filling their engagements. — My advices leave no room for donbl that high grades are relatively, and at some points positively, scarce while "etrined” and low grades are plentiful. The frosts which stained so much col toil undoubtedly destroyed au im mense number of immature bolls, and thus reduced the earlier promise of the crop, '/Jl Spinners prefer good grades of cot ton much more than formerly, and when prices nre low the undesirable growths and grades are almost un salable. A few weeks ago not a bale of India cottcn was reported in tbe Liverpool sales for tife entire week, and the same conditions existed dur ing the great depression in prices in the fall of 1894. The large proportion of low grades in the crop will undoubtedly serve to enhance Die value of the good grades aod to minimize the depressing effect which large stocks usitrily have upon pi ices. *. Latest advices from Egypt nre that the Eyptiau crop will probably be'less than last season by the equivalent of 100,000 to 150,000 bales of our cotton, with au unusually small proportion ol good grades. In consequence of the comparatively small quantity of good grades there has been an advance in "Good Fair" Egyptian cotton in Liver pool and Alexandria, between October 21stand Decembsqteth, equal to 1 1-2 cents per , p<$und,* , FLile the advance in American ^fiddling Upland cotton in Liverpool during the same period was equal to eouIv 316 cent. Some of my friends who deal in Egytton cotton are cotfident of a further advance of 1 cent per pound in a few weeks. Is not tin's suggestive of what might pos sibly happen for American col ton when the generally known, to the probable quantity of _ but unpicked ootton in the fields the October froata occurred, probable that the equivalent of s wo aod a quarter milium (2,250 „ «les would be a fair estimate. The most of this cotton has been more or __e damaged, as frost and rains have wen frequent in November and De cember, and a great deal of it to still unpicked. I doubt if very much will w utterly destroyed, end still tees will abandoned. The most of it will doubtless be gathered, but will be of low grade, and some of it will probo- >iy serve no other purpose for a long time but to be copnted in "stock," or to be* delivered and redekvered on eon- ^ tracts for "Futures." I doubt if the crop will be over 11,- 200,000 bales, and (he spinning quality will be lower than any crop of recent years. . Tbe visible supply is now the largest on record, being about 800,000 bale# more than than at corresponding time last year, but only almut 200 000 bales more than In 1894. The consumption of the mills of Europe and America to also larger than ever before, being folly 200,000 bales (of 500 pounds net) per week, and in addition to this we will probabiy ship an average of 3,000 bales per week to Japan, etc. Europe aod America alone are consuming this sea son fully a million and .a half bales more cotton than in the season of* 1894-95, and the increased consumption requires larger visible and invisible stocks to be canted. Tiie market for cotton goods has witiiin a few weeks improved in evfcry respect. Prices are higher and stocks smaller. In print cloths the improve ment to especially marked, as prices have advanced 1-2 cent per yard from the lowest point. Of this advance 5-16 cent was made between December 1st and 15th. Tbe stocks of print cloths, which for months were so large and cumbersome, are now very moderate, and the Fall River mills are in better shape than for a long time. , Cotton to to-day relatively the lowest in price of ofir staple products. J think it is also the cheapest — It to an article of such large and in creasing consumption that the volume of business in it will not permit the price to remain stationary. It must fluctuate, and while there does ifot seem much room for a downward turn there are great poeaibilities in the other direction. Looking back as far as 1826 1 find that at some time during each calendar year, except 1898, Mid- dhng Upland cotton ha# sold in NFw York as high as 8 cento per pound. The highest price for the year 1898 was 6 9-16 and the loweet 5 5-16 cents. Darter tk« U Hour Cfcsac, flbe ‘Gra.4 Old Maa of Ckiaa,” ta this aaea- trjr, tba New York 8*a •aid of kim: Me Is a Be a massive s shapely head, a coaamaaa- iaf foes aad wall p**e4 fcati Me la « kaoa aa rvaa< of i kiad, of life of thtefa. HoSI eevjmty-fsar years of are cad still la Me htv-darof hie power.” If a Chinsmaa, aaoally ragardod by aaaa a barbarian, qua lies to a healthy, bate old m% why caaaot Americana, with their •ere odvaacod etviliaolioa, wo the Tbe Tbe topovlsve Cbaajpi stay ii every tteagte patbsempk day wftapat # limited b& dariaf in thia coastry^ tba tot Me apoa tho stiaplaot of dieta aad ao vac pasted | ■ ' fKa. a Be of boars, aad woald rate ta thia eaasalttef his & toil to a i Ho ttvod or passed lay his ahyMrisa. r>assnslls»aaaibsr Q it demit frees hie rale ta tide manor. Americas ms* fblUw jast tho top set to praatia*. They work to the limit *7 esdoraasa, will asTevsa take aatfittk trios frr 6ms 'far I asver t ifetse. Thera too takes tbs atase of a away MAsalth aad n ' t It tithe is loot day. Ms tlSScal . improwai. had A like « A NSW OOICON MILL. Saluda River to to Tarn at Ware's Shoe is. Lai thoBpiaOleo Oonaty. rvlewed Col. burg, and iont pub- jReeord of gentlemen arranged to A Star reporter hi Joe.T. Johnson, of asked him about llshed in the Manufo Baltimore that he i associated With him develop Ware’s ShoatefrPB 8aiudn river, in Laurens Countv. i ■ Cel. Johnson replied that the state ment was correct; that he bad not the time to give his personal attention to this enterprise, but other gentiomen, who own that water power with him, had arranged to secure all the money necessary to develop the property,,.nnd if developed there is enough water power at this shoal to run five million dollars worth of machinery. Several conferences have been had with North ern capitalisto who have an abiding faith In the prosperity and future of the South, and they have agraed to ad vance all the money oeoessary to de velop this property. They intend first to erect a mammoth ootton mill, at a cost exceeding a half million dollars, and equipped with the meet Improved machinery. They will also build a oot ton seed oil mill nod large roller flour ing Drill. It to expected to begin work by spring, and the building be pushed to completion ns fast ns possible. Col. Johnson owns a large interest in one of the finest lime quqrries in the South, only about two miles distant from the shoals, and individually he owns a large tract of .wooded land ad joining this quarry. He says it will take tea thousand barrels of lime to build the mllto, and this, of course, he can furnish cheaper than nay jbne else. He will at once set to work a’iaiga force of hands cutting cord wood for the lime kilo, and open up 100 acme of fine land. The best material of all kinds neces sary to erect tbe buildings to found right at hand, and the work oan bd done at a very low Met. These shoals are some distance from the railroad, but in time a branch Hue will be built to them. Col. Johnson says that he has not only an inexhaustible supply of lime stone on his place, but he has a <_ rbin • found In the South. In fact, U Is the of ns-fine and pure white marl SSZ e vein that crops out oa the Mari etta aad (forth Georgia rail real, above Atlaata, and Is pronounced equal to tbe bMt there quarried. The only draw' back to the development of these ssln- ernls to their remoteness from railroad, communication, ^ ^ 'mSg/k i % i i> i — —Quail shooters who have time and money to spare can find game in abund ance in New Mexico. It la said the quail are ao aumerous there as to seri ously threaten the crops. —The first camp meeting in the United States wm held on the banks of ths Red River, Kentucky, in 1799. —According to the Springfield Re publican, " it to Eel-o-eri-o (Hollo) on the island of Pnnigh " (Panay). —In the Klondike, thq average' C nature for December was 40 < low zero. ■"‘"TsssssfaTissafiyis: OtBORNrS