Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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u. ODR FINANCIAL SYSTEM, COL. YOUMAN81 THESUBJECT. INTO Ila t'M »nd . Abn»*>IU 8t«- Mllty of Vain*—Suicidal 1‘ollry of Metal Standard—Wealthy Boh \ To the Editor The SUte-In my lut article it waa my purpose to show that the divergence in the bullion val ue of the silver and the gold unit was not (as vou say) due to a drop in sil ver, but to a rise in gold. By corn par ing the two metals directly, one with the other, we cannot' tell wnicWthetal is changing in value; the situation may be compared to a denot. where there are two trains, one of which is in mo tion; a passenger mav be sUtingin one of these trains looking dir£ttlly at the other, he cannot tell which train is moving; but by withdrawing gaze from the other train his and observ ing the surrounding objects, he can very readily ascertain which of the two is in motion—so with gold and silver, we have to compare tnem with other values, and in doing so, we tind that silver has maintained a uniform ratio of value drifl&eneral parity of meas urement in property values; while gold has more than doubled its nur chasing power, measuring more than twice as much in property values now as it did in 1873. In 1873 they were both considered 100 cents dollars in bullion value; the silver dollar meas. ured by property is worth the saniem bullion value now that it wa| in.J873; while the gold dollar is more than twice as valuable. Therefore, meas ured by property the silver is the 100 cent dollar, and the gold dollar, which is twics as valuable, is a two hundred cent dollar. The gold unit, as the standard of val ue is unreliable and dishonest, con stantly anticTpating in value nnd creasing in its measurement of prop erty, it violates the,-equity of every contract, wherd payment is deferred, and enhancing the value of all money and money obligations, it proportion ately increases the burdens of all debts, taxes and fixed charges, de presses the price of all the products of labor and depricates the vatue of every species of property—to such an extent has it disturbed property values, as in many instances to amount almost to virtual confiscation. The question one is now asked on every hand, not by the idle, the .thriftless and incompetant, but by energetic, sagacious and hith erto successful men of business, is not what shall I do to make money, or ac cumulate more property, but how shall I manage under existing circumstrnces (under the propitious influences of the bankers “honest gold dollar,” “sound gold dollar,” “fufl value money of the world”) to hold what I have already acquired? -i As stated in my last article, it is my purpose in tips, to discuss the propriety of maintaining in this country a sys tem of finance based on the European standard, a policy which can not com mand a single sound argument in its favor; but against which can be rend- ily presented the most serious aiid weighty objections. The disengenu- ous argument, that any variation of the standard between this country and the gold standard nations of Europe, would unsettle our exchanges and prove a great disaster, so persistently advanced by the leaders of the mono metallic system, are directiy refuted by the experience from 1865 to 1879, a period of fourteen years, when we had neither a gold nor a silver dollar, but a variable, inconvertible paper dollar; a dollar which ranged in specie value from 42 cents up to par. During that period bur exchanges were conducted with the same facility os now, and so far from being disastrous, we were much more prosperous than now, and were importing gold instead of export ing it. It is frequently ^(dmed that" an inconvertable legal tender paper money is superior for domestic circula tion to a metallic currency. Says Prof. Walker: “Limited cir culation, non exportability—then may be regarded as of the essence of this money." “Let it be remembered,’' said the Continental Congress in their address to the people, Septemlier 13th, 1779, “that paper money is the only kind of money which cannot ‘make . wings unto itself and fly away.’, lt*re 1 mains with us; it is ever ready and at hand for the purpose of commerce or taxes, and every industrious man can —»~ftad-iL” wrung from them by iniquitous tarilf laws, and depress the price of-their cotton and wiieat. they point to these nations as models nf grandeur ami 2 lory. They-say, behold England, M should. bc .uur oxamplar. by. the adoption of the gobl standard she lias brought univnrsKiprosperity' upOtVlu r standard has made er the financial and commercial cen ter of the world. To hear these magnanimous states men of the Northeast, when advocat ing legislation to double and quadru ple their money and credits, despite the fact that these same measures load the nation with debt and stran gle her great industries, dwelling with assumed sentimentality on the sacred duty of maintaining inviolate the ua tional credit and natioual honor, and preserving free from and unfettered l>y any financial obstructions our ex changes with the great trading nations of Europe, one would never nun post (bat thes^ wfR the self-same patriots who, when equally intent on robbing the Sout h and West by tarifi's. had ar- mmiry obligations, on the altar of the gold trust. The shrinkage in the value of prop ertv under th** rapid upward (light of gold is so great as to amount in many instances to.almost virtual conflsca- tton.^ So rapid are tlieelutnges and so great the dislocation of prices as to render impossible, anything like a stn- gued in favor of the American system and for the building of a Chinese wall around the United States' to shut these gold standard nations out. 'Sir Archibald Allison, a man oigrent tn- tellectual force, of a philosophic turn of mind and superb attainments, who had given Ur hisUrry and the economy of nations the study of a lifetime, and who, perhaps^ had a more com prehensive knowledge of the ‘true sci ence of finance than any writer of his age, has U»ld us that the great ob jects of a currency are to lie ade quate and retainable, and that the { rreaU'st possible mistake which can »e committed in regard to the circu- hvthlg triediunr arc to rstab 1 isti i* mi a basis, which is either too narrow or liable to fluctuation—that no nation should Isise its entire circulation on a retentions of the precious metals, and that any nation which did so rested its criculation on a doylrle set of dan gers because “being the most coveted and precious of all articles, they an*- iTTTsaHy Tvceepfatblc, amUare +»*<«’ readily received than manufactures or other merchandise in payment of foreign importations or in liquidation of foreign loans;’’ that a correct sys tern of finance requires a double cur rency, one convertible on demand into the precious meUils for conducting for- eign exchanges, the other not so eon- vertiblc, to siistfitn domestic industry —the laUer currency subject to ex pan sion in jirojiortion to the ahstndction of gold. Restriction to adequacy and non-ox- jiortability are the only means by which a nation can give that steadi ness and uniformity to its circulation which will maintain the security ami steady value of property, and stimu late to their full capacity its business activities, by insuring to well direeted effort the certainty of its* just reward. This encouragement atone to the pro ductive agencies of a people can give that impetus to investment, to enter prise, of energy and industry which in sures general prosperity. -A currency based on the retention of the precious metals is liable, to drainage, by panic or war, in any nation or nations of sufficient importance to create an ex tensive and stringent dpmand fortheir metals. It is liable to expansion or contraction, not ^according to the eco nomic demands which may arise in its oyrn territory, but according to the influx or eflux of these metals -sub jecting the business element to that fluctuation in vaiues which renders all undertakings uncertain, which chills enterprise and investment and paralyzes industry. These objections were considered by Alison as sufficient obstacles to this system of finance when the basis rest ed on the coinage of both-metals; they now apply with more than double f«. re j when tne basis has been reduced one mlf by confining the coinage to gold alone. Gold, in universal request , the most desirable of all articles, with all the great nations struggling for the lion's share, too narrowly far in vol ume for the basis of flYe - circulating medium required by the business of the commercial world, it moves fever ishly hither and thither wherever the exigencies and demands are greatest, caving contraction, bankruptcy and rum in it wake. The manipulators of finance for the purpose of doubling and trebling the value of their money and money obligations are continu ally adding t<) the superstructure of this system of finance, already top- heavy, by spreading the gold stand nrd over nation after nation—increas ing the demand for gold and augment ing its value; they are compelling the hie adjustment of the rdlatiouship which should exist Ixjtween the differ ent elements that constitute the busi ness activities of a people. Under present conditions, universal appre- iicnsion and distrust prevail; iso far from engaging in enterprise and in vestment, the prevnding sentiment even among our most successful busi ness men, is to stakedown and try and hold what they ha.vemade; nothing is expected to jwy, or deemed safe, which is'undertaken under the, blight of fall ing values. .Of our sixty billions of exeliiiugcK, 1H) per cent, rests on confi dence and tliis confidence is based on our vclmhe of #I,G(Mi,0ou,tKKi, ami ♦!,- 100,000.000 o£ this money depends for final redemption on'the slender Treas ury reserve, often under >?100,000,onn in gold. This gold is unprotected- o£ all the nations, tiurs is the only one „ , .... no do- which in tliis intense struggle for the mcg.it; althr, no household g<sl,” has ^•arre^ metal of final Jrerfiefriptioin i»'o |)itt 1 leaves its gold open to bp looted by. every! government and capitalist of Europe. Consequently, wo see our gold shipped day after day hw the lo cal connections of .Euro]x«n houses, and as the Treasury reserve isdepleted millions upon millions of gold bonds have to be sold to replenish it, loading our nation with debt and tnipoverisb- ingour jioople. ()ver this slender basis of final redemption, the' gold standard gives England a practical lien on two brHion of Anierif’lm—securities, three fourths of these payable in gold, am pbices Ip-r in the position of creditor .on cal]; in less than thirty days she can drain us ofyiurgold and complete ly destroy our /inancial system. ’Acting in accordanco with Judge Brawley’s theory, that in all financial legislatuln we should seek information die men l|av«>J-o I 1 ’ ’ ‘ in Previous to the ixirtial liberation of tl»e masses by the influx of the pre cious metals front the newlv discov ered. iVesL Macauley divided, the. iu- habitantsof Europe'into two classes the beasts of burden and the beasts of prey. A little over a century ago Thomas Jefferson spoke of then n as and sheep. They are now divided into two classes—the nobility und‘ : gentry and the commons and |>easants. The free institutions of this country have long been a standing menace to the crowned heads of Europe; and one important feature of the gob trust as foreshadowed by-the London Economist is a combination of thi' monarchicai and monetary agencies of thecivilized world to repress I)< niocracy. Wist*, in stutwra/t, as wel as versed in all the subtle p'»wirs of finance, the projectors and custodians of this gigantic scheme of plunderahd -subjection well know tbat tlie free holder brtbe natural supporter of free govi'rnmentJ and that it should be the jxilicy of'Kepuhliban govern inemsjo'iTrirlttpty them. Thjcv Irfee- wiso know that the ‘tenanl.. having in fact noVountry, no h'carfli. sav firms that every indepenaent State is ' ‘ il te ititled to iyue legal tender for its vn internar purpose's, in dtsdnvrgrr en own internal purposes, of private debts and oublic taxes, within its own realm; such legal tender not possessing intrinsic value, but only a conventional value derived from the authority of the State which calls it into existence. “Thus secure of being i v _ ^ t base line'pud has to shoulder a douhn LiueliaiL-uf. these hnylens- and tjicl xf.. urff d nf nhlitical ecnn.mri' mvs- “It af- to depress their labor and reduee the of notes to lend oul and m Oce a sec- dollar grows larger and larg-i.. aiuTtlief;,. t ,i ((n wmi j t | l!0t take Of' poatM^I t economy, a ” t *l a price of their products so as to under ond interest, that the coiinij^ will re- price of his product gain its lost prosperity. They go even further and say that the gr^it drop in. value has made the silver certificate virtually a silver greenback and squint at their retirement in the same manner with a view of finally loading our lifted and uncoined silver on the govenrment to lie disposed of at gov- rnment risk in the sea of eoTnmodi- always kept within the realm of the State which created it, this legal ten- dei str £ der would be the special monetary in strument by which all fiscal. obli tionsandmercantile liabilities won discharged at home.” On Currency, p. 28, Mr. Wells in^ his tract “Robinson Crusoe's Money,', makes the following citations to the same effect; “Beyond the sea, in for eign J&nds, it (the greenback) is fortu nately mot money; out when have we had such a long and unbroken career of prosperity in business as since we adopted the non-exportable curren cy!” Comparing the arguments of the leaders of the monometallic sys tem when speaking in favor of heavy tariffs to restrict our commerce with the gold standard nations of-Europe, with those used when advocating the adoption and maintenance of the gold standard to preserve and advance these exchanges, we note such a contradic tion as to destroy all confidence in their operations. When they argue In favor of heavy tariffs to shut out the commerce oi these nations; that they may be empowered to monopo lize the markets of the South and West and levy heavy taxes upen them to enrich their manufacturers -they point to these nations as miserable despo tisms, where the people are not free— they portray in gruesome colors the abject poverty and wretchedness of the masses of these people and raise their hands in holy horror at the bare idea of placing the “free American la borer” on the same industrial plane as the pauper labor of Europe. They even point to Engl nd as a country in which the condition of the depressed and helpless masses is so deplorable (40 per cent of them b.-iug paupers) as to ex cite the sym(>athy of mankind. But when they'wish to plunder the South and West by doubling and, quadrup ling their dollars, which they have pm id the necessities of any other gold using country. A distinguished United States Sen ator has just stated, in debate, that a negotiation lues been very recently concluded between the Rotuchildsand the Russian government which pro vides that the former shall furnish *75,000,000 in gold, to lie locked up if) the war chest of the lattqr, aiidylfmt Austria is preparing to add if.')0,000,000 more in gold to 4fer reservpr Couple this statement with, the Jfict that the Federal treasury reseiyf' is now being rapidly depleted- by European de mands for gold and that the United States ivilI soon be compelled to enttn- terliid by-additional issues of gold bonds, and we behold what? The yellow metal placed on the vendue block to be bidden f«r by the wealthiest and most powerful nation; and as the bidding puts up the pn^c of the metal of final redemption, tlovvHt goes the value of all property and the price of all the proaucts of labor. Heavier grows the burden of all‘debts, and more desjierate and hopeless beconit the condition of the producing mas ses. . . Our guileless Federal Commissioner of Agriculture, in blissful ignorance of the charge committed to his official care, may congratulate the govern ment on the iow price of our agricul tural exports because their cheapness will attract foreign gold and maintain American monometallism; and John Sherman and men of his ilk, who are willing to sacrifice to licentious greed and corrupt venality the groat indus tries of their country may commend the gold standard end coolly recom mend the struggle for its maintenance by the sacrifice of our agricultural ex ports to discount European gold and the industrial servitude of the producers; but the farmers, now reduced to the last straits, with their products at one- third of their former value,’ standing in the deepening shadows of consum ing mortgages or already occupying the position of tenants on land winch was once their own. will n^> longer submit to occupying the position of the ram hitched in the thicket, to be sacrificed for the idle holders of monev and sought advice from the grCjkt banking princes of the Northeast, and these representativesof the American branch of the gold trust have not stickled to sacrifice their country to their own paltry pecuniary interests by recoin mending mid enforcing a policy ol finance which has strangled great in- Jn^ti'ies-crioplcd—hcivji-sniiires.amiis. fust impoverishing the niasses of her jieople. A policy which has placed in the hands of English capitalists the stabilitv of our currency, and tinanci gives them complete control, over our foreign exchanges and the power to fix the price of our exports Never iu the 'history.of the world lias there bcena more forcible illustra tion of the thinking, interested few robbing the ignorant, unthinking many. These men first neutralized Jie natural advantages of this country l>v taxing with tariffs its agriculture to liestow bounties oii its manufactur ers; this, Mr. Blaine in his “Twenty Years in Congress, styled “enlight ened selfishness.” When, through the masked agency oi legislativedivid- etids, they had acquired the currency of the nation, they then, joined 4 the moneyed interest oCNVestern Europe to plunder the productive masses of the civilized world, by striking down sil ver and forming the gold trust. This was nothing more or less than “en lightened robbery.” In the language of JSi.gnondi, “they have added the slungeroiis weapons of the hanks to the well tempered arms of protection.” The capitalists of Western Europe, with the Rothschilds and the Bank of England in the van, arc robbing civi lizalion ; our Northeastern capitalists are robbing the South and West, giv ing the Rob's share of-the plunder to Western Ennnie in the shape of 50 cents wheat ana'5 cents cotton. These leaders of the American branch of the gold' trust at the last extra session of Congress, asseverated that if Congress would repeal the purchasing clause of the Sherman act that confidence would -hr restored, our4o>‘al nitqiev bngsmi' tied, European capital would 'low in, our great staple products would ad vance and the country regain its pros perity. < >f course. Congress (lid what they said. What was the result; Were their predictions fulfilled.' Not at all. Silver immediately dropped as com pared with gold about 3d per cent., and with it down went our gn at staple products-: and now with bankruptcy and ruin staring us iu the face, they again conic unblusliingly to the front and declare if Congress will hind the Treasury notes into gold 1 Minds, give them the interest on these bonds and ties. Their ultimate object is very plain, th.remove rrmn 'thy-monetary sphere all government paper and silver a’nd confine our currency entirely to gold and notes of National hanks. No one beyond the A, B,C of finance need be told that this won hi result in a jia|Mtr despotism,autocratically controlled by the National banks. The gohl stand ard, we are informed by such leading European d<ictrinarics of-the gold trust, as Dr. Broch, Alfred Dc Roth schild and Sir Rivers Wilson, is main tained to put the price of money up and the price of the products of labor down, to kjaqi turning the screw on the productive masses of the civilized world. Its purpose was very frankly- ated a short time .since by the lead ingexponeuts of the system, the Lou don Economist, commenting on the recoinnuHnlalion of-the German Em peror to establish'bank ing bureaus, to assist the farmers to tide over the hard times, reniarkedHiiat the German Em- jM-jsnr misuiulerslohd the situation, that this was no temporary crisis; but as capital was friendly to-strong gov ernment, it had to be sustained, and that as Democracy'found-its home in the rural sections, the agricultural classes would have to be, forced to lake a lower position in the social scale. - if—*■ * ' • They speak more plainly.in Europe, where the.masses are'held down by bayonets and double shotted galling guns,' and the people have been aecus- Aoined for ages to being despoiled and oppressed by the mailed hand of des potic power; but over here where the people are ;et politically free and are allowed to vote, they disguise the rob bery and oppression imuer the senti mental cant of National honor andln- tegrity and such clever catch-phrases as ‘ honest money,” “sound money,” _ itrioftsiHrini spirit of 'iiidejiend ,<:iier/and Is cureless and indifferent to his surroundings; consequently to ad vance monarchy the policy should Is to multiply tenants; and one of tin intents, as W'dl as the inevitable ten deucy of this scheme; is to undermine the freeholder and absorb the land. During the qeven years of plenty I’haroali, under the administration of the wise young Hebrew, garnered up the excess of production, and during the seven succeeding years of fauuhe let it outrat such rates as to destroy the land tenure in Egypt. The plun der of the world, whielr foifnd its way to the coffers of the Roman patricians, gave birth, says I’rof. Blanfjtii, to a most odious system of • usury a sys tern which finally transmitted those hardy husbandmen whose robust vir lues conquered the world into a set of i few hands the lands of Italy. It was the appropriation of the land as the absolute property of their chief tains which gradually turned the des cen.dants of free ami, equal. (15Hie, Teutonic and Hunnish warriors into colonii and villains, and which changed the independent burghers of tilavonic villai'e communities into the boors of Russia and the serfs the feudalism tus-xia and in land; which instituted of China and Japan; as well as that of Europe. It was the gold standard of I8l(i and the contraction resulting from the re sumption act of 1819 that doubled the wealth of the fundholders and reduced the freeholds of England from KiO,- 000 to 3o,ooo. Doubling the tarill', af ter the withdrawal of the Cotton States from Tire. Union, gave- the Northeastern manufacturers the war obligations of the nation. These obli gations they more than doubled in value by legislation, and jjicij by jojiiiug Uio ' gold" tTiTSt—and striking down stiver they quadrupled them,. Today wo are informed by the most reliable staticians that 33,000 of them mvn three-fifths of.the we.tlth of thi- country, consisting of 3.500,0!iw square miles and 70,000,000 of inhabitants; and under present financial conditions it is only a question of a very short time before the interest on their secur ities will -iibsorb the remainder. The conditionof this country is very similar to that discovered by the French officers on their march to Cairo, existing between the Egyptians and the Mamelukes. 'To then- ques tions, the Egyptians replied as follows: Whose garden is that; The Mame lukes’. Whose palace; The Mame lukes’, Whose lields of grain; The Mamelukes'—indeed, the Mamelukes were the prnprieters and the Egypt ians their slaves. The gold trust owns our railroads-, our telegraph in.es. our steamship lines, our vacant lands, our mineral lands, the mort gages over the real estate of the South and West nmither -bo-ld-■neaT-lv-nil of the creditors, public and private. Of the two, I must confess to more admi ration for the Mamelukes: they se cured tlieir plunder at least itv-n more open and manly way, by virtue of superior valor i ;;qd the sharpest swopds. Tlie gold trust prosecuted their rolibcryesteaUhily, under_eoyer of legislative artifice, and financial craft, and won by hypocrisy, senti mental cant and simulated integrity, and many apprehend by bribery and corruption. Tin-farmer, as a produ cer of the raw material, stands at tin- price ol ins products less and les§, his hanceslo redeem his obligations are being constantly diniished tuuDr the increasing weight of adverse legisla tioii. They are rapidly sinking be neath tlie wave, Their title deeds are passing out of their hands, and thD government, merely to enrich the holderq of money add money ohli gations by a vicious system of finance, is rapidly destroying a class of citi zens which has always been regardeyl is a nation's pride and defense—the backbone and main stay of free insti tulions. Our government, in its Sui cidal policy, dictated by the t'ariff-har pus and merchant princes Of the Northeast, of. maintainingJbe Euvupe an standard and placing our money on a i>arity with that of Europe, is fast reducing 88 percent, of our pen pie to a parity with the pauper masses of Europe. On this line I shall quote Bryan: ‘^O make a money that is common to several nations, is to set up a huge auction block, upon which prices will officiate as a heartless and'soulless auc tionecr. The money will be knocked dowirto those who bid the most for it of their labor or its productions. The highest bidders for the money will ever lie those whose necessities are the greatest * * * I,'among these, -kTml of money, in fact or iu principle, there is even one nation wRose institutious are such as enslave the masses, to an aristocracy who own the capital and the land, than that curse spreads itself inevitably over alkthe other nations. The necessities and miserable eomli tion of that people forces them to oiler the most of their labor or its produc tions for tlie money. As the money flows to theiik, their condition rises, they prosper. But tluwe from whom it ebbs, sink. Nor. can any human power arrest their sinking 'condition until they have reached a point where their necessities make them the high est bidder for the money. “A system of money common to several nation?guarantees two things: First, that the condition of the prod ucing and industrial classes will lie about the same in each and all, and the condition of these classes fixes the condition of fully 85 per cent, of the totalpopulation. Money does not con stitute a nation's wealth; it consists of ita lands, its farms, its factorial, its in ternal improvements, its industries, its busines activities; money is merely the instrument that measures this w alth and eliVcls its interchange. To these functions, (lower was given to Congress by the Constitution tocontrol it; but unfortunately for tbo public our Congress has shows itself,to be ut terly ignorant of the true laws of fin ance, and in its ignorance has adopted- the theory of Judge Brawley, to apply Cor information to the Very parties whose interest, Mr. Calhoun tells, us, is direct! v antagonistic to the intt-re»t of tlie puolio: Indoctrinated with the English idea of finance' the leaders of the American branch of the gold trust thoroughly understand the science of (money, and using this knowledge, Which they seem to monopolize in this country, for their own sclfiah purjioses have realized fortunes, by the ruin of th'-ir country} beyond previous imagT t it at ions. •, — If it were not so ruinous it would be comicti l to observe the' conditions of our public officials as they flounder in their ignorance over the perplexities presented bv the monkeyings of the gold trijstwith the treasury reserve The gold trust has made them regard the 400,000,000 of gold in this country as a fetich Which should be retained at all haz.ards. Our great industries are being strangled, our property confis cated; honest men by thousands forcedlntd Bankruptcy, our people de hied honest employment and grinding povoid / staring 75 per cent,_of them in the face, yet the gold standard, the K,:trojiea 11 iiToney standard, must be maijitaine(C_despite the fact that the leading European advocates of the sys tem openly avow that, its object is to make money a monojioly and reduce the producing masses to industrial servitude. (Kvning or holding a mort gage over every species of property that promises a safe investment, they are now-xmvning.a kind of confidence game with the Federal treasury to force unlimited issues of gold lipiuls which, in the shape of liens on the en ergy and industry, or future genera tions. ,shall furnish them safe invest ments for their constantly accruing in terest. Verily, it has been said of these men that “they care nothing for their country or the public, that they have ricsTmf pEtndcT ItmDno princi pics but the spoliatiorf of the human race.'* - .. I .shall close this article with a quo tation from Miv Webster: “^ir. let tin' systt*m (of tlie gold trust). go on; and we shall soon not know qureoun- try. Weshall s«*e a new America. On the map where these United States have stood we shall soon behold a country that will lie strange to us. We shall see a class of idle rich and a class >f idle poor, the former a handful, the alter a Rost. We-shall no longer be hold a community of men with spirits all active and stirring, contributing, 11 of them, to the public welfare*,while they partake.in it. pushing on tin ie fortunes and iiettering their own Con dition and helping to swell, at the same lime, the cup of the general pro- s|ieiity to overflowing. We si.all see' no more rtf that cretllt v*liicli reaches out its hand to honest enterprise of that ertainty of reward which cheers on labor to the utmost stretch of its sin ews; of that personal and individual independence which enables every man to say that no n. :n is his master. The Hun of occupatioiu distress for present means; the prostration of credit and confideiiee; and all -this Without hope of imprpvemcrt or hange is a state of-things which no intelligent people can Jong endure." In uty next article I shall deal with thel’ojiulisf and Alliance theory of confining our paper issues ent irely to Kcderiil treasure notes. L. W. Y. VMans. E.tirfux. tv CT—Feb. PLANS OF THE ENEMY. kOMUMIU FROM PACiK ONK. Constitution of tin* United States no law ea n Vie Train eiTtO ’dTsfhiu Cjtse x n negroes which will not disfrimeh'ise tnoiisands of white men, except by the adojition of what is known us the“Mis- sissippi plan,” which leaves in the hands of three of five men In each county, appointed by the' administra tion. absolute jiowcr in deciding the right to vote. This has never been passed on by the United Kta(es courts and, is in u),l«..probability, illegal. Wlietlief it lie soli'f not. every biter est of every free man and the reason of every thinking man must revolt against a system so contrary to every principle of republican fornvofgoveMi- ment aigl stunevita My leading totyri r and corrujilion; WFiafever niav be Tin design-nr- tBe pretext; s»m*R n system must bring the extcrmlhation of all parties and factions save tlie adiinnis tratioli. which tpay happen to b^ in (tower, leaving it unrestrained by any Tear of the people or sense of resjEJHsi- bility to them. •) .- W(> cal I on tin* Repuhlieans oftRe State to organize and register to a n*-i that they may be in nositiou. to co op erate in elccting’a (.onslitutional con vention which will be responsible to and will represent the people and will protect the rights and the interests of all. We recommend that wherever men of that kind are suggested, they Ik* voted for by till Republicatis regard less of their party or factional alii ances; and that ouryotes be -given, to men whom We can trust and men .the masses of people can trust, arid who will feel luat we ais* all citizens of South Carolina, having rights and in terests to be guarded by the funda mental law of the State. We invite .illpatriotic ami thinking people of all perties and classes to join in this patriotic effort. Jjot the Repubncairs Viegiii iiittnedjl ately tli«* work of orgaiii/.ing. I t g their dutE-and privilege how to do a great work for the State which has been in so many respects a lord mat ter to them, and -we do not believe they. will flinch. Let them rally "find do their part like in« n. trusting to the sense of justice and the intelligent self ; :inR*re.st atf-the- qicoj-4o- Str-mnke- tiieii*- flii.d appeal effective. The Democratic imrtv lias been re , It.*!Un«-r.*ut Scnatcrs. Wi^uiviii.g,- p Tliere were i simsatiopalCpisode ora Wednesday in tlie Senate as soon ;is th<* session opened. Mr. Milcliell, RepoRIican of )regon, rose to make a i ejiort on cer tain sm'ar bounty claims on vhicii,, ie said, he desired to make a brief ex ilanation. . “There will have to bh an explanti- tloa when tln* subject comes up," in terposed Mr. l.Iarris, Democrat of Ten nessee. “so that it will only lie a waste if time to have an explanation now. I therefore object.". that the expla- rrf' minutes mt Mr. Harris shook his head. Then,'' said Mr. MtfcheH, with growing impatience, “I will not make the report. I will withdraw it. It is most extraordinary that Senators can not siibniit a brief explanation, if they mi iresire. It is remarkable Mr. Mitchell's words' were snapped out vehemently. “It is needless foj* tin* Senator to protest," said Mr. Harris. “I object. And I ernphasizVit I'dliject,'’ 1 “Then, f withdraw the rejiort, ' dc- clars'd Mr. Mitchell. Withdraw it then, " exclaimed Mr. Harris, defiantly. ' - • Mr.-Mitchell showed intense irrita- Tkin at the^dejiaiice,, -alul raising his voice, he said to Mr. lia; ris; The action of the Senator is un usual,most unusual." “1 want the Senator tcrmjderstand," retorted Mr. Harris, measuring earth word, “that I am capable of doing un usual things and am responsible TOr dofng unusual things. ", “Yes.” answered Mr. Mitchell, his flushed face showing intense indigna- tioii. “I appreciate that the Senator is capable ot doing unusual things, ' and then Mr. Mitchell added: “And he is ilso capable of doing ungentleinanly things.” ' ’ Mr. Harris stepped forward from lis desk and for a moment it seemed that he was going to resent tlie state meUt, He paused, however, and with a gesture toward Mr, Mitchell and ad dressing him directly, said: l^et me tell you. sir, that your con duct is* contemptible—contemptible. ” The presiding officer had bet'll rap ling vigorously as the controversy proceeded. The Senators must proceedmort* der," he repeated. The col leagues of the.'lwn angry Senators gathered about thrtrti, and tlieir indignant postulations continued in subdued tohes. The (iresiding • officer directed the clerk to proceed \yith other business, and- the incident was summarily closed. Mr. Mitchell moved about the rear of Ihe chamber reiterating- his (irotests; while Mr. Harrissat at his desk apparently unmoved by the sharp exchange of personalities. it ioso pudiated by flic country and-hv in this Shite who have claimed to re present it. Its record in New York-and elsewhere and. the charges, agaiii^trits administration brought from responsi ble sotuvesliavestopiK (txit frmnjciami ing to lx* the representative aiid g ar dian of political purity. The cri^s of “white stijireinacy" and negro nii;* are simply exhausted bujfalions wii: n will frighten no nun who thinks, and are used only by shallow partisans for purposes of deceit. The RepubtifMn NEVER DELAY El) A FA Y M E NT. NEVER COM BRO.MISED A CLAIM. NEVER EAJ) T’' * * 4--a- A LA f SUIT. . Sin h Is t |j lecorUofTtis— AUNTOV I JFK IS'UHANCK- i rOMPANY, Nmni* a' of IRjeta iii'Hs les’lfy to its once more for tin of the people, fit. »li lie flies aiid rights’ (if ti.e Staly and for lift* niaintenauceof Rt'publican principles of free government This address constituted the duel, work of the contention. Then* \vtis a g)kxI deal of talk about ngistr tioni buf-fto action was taken except to urge the colored (icople fo register. After several speeches, the address was adopted, only on* di m ating ypie being heard. Capt. L. D. Melton of Columbia w.u e.( m tiu- cliosen State Chairman of tin can party in South ('aroliiiu. ll will he observed tli.-tt- ion *4 the convention invohasxtl.e retire ment of Mr. A. E. Wehst< r from U'iTdership. His faetio’nand tlie Bray ton faction have good long time. • !iemi at v ?i indlfr. for {• eiiruarv 9, : named Will’s jonie TTor Mauiax.v, Fla., time ago a negro drtn came here, represent ing hini.-elf its agent- for a Lilierian eoionizati;iji society. He ju oposed -to tmitsp* ifi; ne- groes to Liberia at *1 per la-,ad. # IT - • eun'd hundreds of dollars and left, tejling tin* negroedtliat a triin would arrive for them last Saturday. Tin negroes sold all tlieir possessi'ms at ;• sacriliee and quiwtered vat the depot Saturdav to take the 'train P> b'*. i:: their j i irney to J.i x‘ri.1. but no traiif r;une.'“- When the- negroes nulbed that tiiey had lierriduped they lieeauie almost frenzied. There were fully 2,01)0 negroes—men. women, and c’ljl dren gathered at the depot, and Iu I notSherill’Finlaysoii arrivul on the scene-a riot would tiroliahly have re •suited. ThreShertfl smtrui«no«l w pos-a* and finally succeeded in dispersing the negroes,— Many oC tta'iu an 1 no^ without homes and (Kisryssittiis, and will suffer as a result of*(ntfdon’s ras cality. They vow that they will lynch Gordon if he ever reappeafs iti Jackson county. Gordon < l iimcd fo Ihi from Birmingham. Ala. Wlmt Wenyer Stiys. Dkxki’w'I' <*h. 9. —Tlie News publishes an intervievv^.with <Rmeral James B. Weaver, who declares “we ar<* face to face 'with the .greatest orisig ever known iu tin* life of tliis i*r]jublic. "The .Pri'sident," General Weaver adds,.“allures the money fittWPrs of two - *hemisplU'rc's t'i his standard by oiienTy (mjposi'ng fo plunge The pen pie into endless .debt by destroying thdir mopejmnd by promises of ftu- tlier grants of corporate (irivileges He utters his edict of outlawry against silver, the more plentiful money of the world, takes counsel of.tlie titled inonej changers of Europe and coolly advises the American republic tb. fall into the procession behind the despot ism of the old world in the march of civilization.” ‘ I'.f.inpt.i**-! an>t ‘•nmd-ie"’. Ni vuN reoNtcsm tasirm* 1 an t!w hkm f t pi-r * ( : re*,- *•, ict* i ' t; 'it’ cn I’oflcy” o' :!ie Staun . » ■» I . - a I-- ■■ •>; gtrop (city, ‘n Midi* • i . i (i..t f-*.*,. m*- of uartern !lf» *. ■ . -i u*nv I-s for Vih ptjtnent of :,r- «i. -n” !MM - t)l\ rKLY after W!\ .* then*. tniUce or th« "firmialt* O i p •• if- T:ie '‘cti'jpo’:’’ (Mvers 10 per i— m-Hi-* ‘ cm ot di-* p bi- ,, and R In nd- if it a tli-reto. •, i • w uitel. 'l.iiiira! C.Ii(n»t<-tia . t ’■j.* me i • u iii tke bU nr*nw. J.r. 8. fiayaolds, . , tjtm'rzl Agent. « OI.B *1 it■ \. Thiz TTandsome Rattan ROOKEB, worth the world over $5.00, will be sent to any person who will lend m« $1.85, Six Cane Seat CHAIRS, flnirifd light, worth $1.00, at 65©. each. 40 yards of Straw Matting $3.90. $10.50 for an Oak Bed, Bum*, and Wash Stand, to match. Send for Catalogue of Furmtvtt Cooking Stoves, Baby Carriagea, Sew ing Machines, Buggies, Lamps, Ckoeb- •ry, etc. --W RICE M1L1>. A O r U. P .<? 3 C HiO* he ». 11 100 uu it i a ,.-U' i - n n I ■ neb 'h ot jtn ■ etj-i ik (* ri, r-ujtb eer . i Da • - -‘7 - cau tli.ri inn- i L. F. PADGETT, ^ Broad Street, Avgusta, 0^ Lszszsiinsaasasssaasasg 4c.* COTTON • id Makes 4c. PRICES, even on PIANOS & ORGANS --i 4 O 1* 0 CORN MILL 4 Of-Ulu ' hertz za’, 6a w ’• K la < tteai. c<, ■'"in m '•«titf> feiv.j sp.’V" Px/^AMT 1 be discouraged, but Uv-MN 1 write (or our great Bargain List and Wonderfully Easy Installment Terms. ' 4c. PRICES. a S u? n 1/ ru In ru 1 il , t < ) v -. Gil," 5 “vV. V. erkir.s ru n b.f.erjr C -' *?«. i.Ui.UMlilA. S C. *. A new Mathushek Plano #30 leas than ever before sold. •40 Saved on a Sterling Plano. *l v wenty Nearly New fkfuare Piano. ‘ at New York gtre away Prices. Fifty New Cpfjahta—from Bast Mak er* at Cut Prices. Rich Mirror Top Organ only ©s*. Q SAVE MONEY by buying from the C Greatest Southern Music, )louse. Q LIIDDEK & BATES, * Sayannah, 6a. c •tefnmrfty WlanoN at A Factory Pricey.