Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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YOL. IX. A CENTURY OF BRIGHT WOMEN. rHOM M4RTHA WA8HIKUTON TO ROAK BLIZABETH (XKVBLAND. - , Aa l»tere.llii* Sketch of the Women Who Have Bern MUtreue. of the W Kite Hoimt. (From the PbiUtde'phia Tunes.) The announcement that the President will marry Miss Frances Folsom in June recalls the historic series of White House nuptials. Washington, it is well known, Iharried long before he became Presi dent, 9r even general of the army. He met the lovely Widow Custis at Wil liamsburg during his service as a mem ber of the Virginia Legislature. Mrs. Washington presided over the Executive household at the seat of government, first in New York, then in this city, with a good deal of formality. Their house in this city was one rented from Robert « Morris, on Market street, between Fifth and Sixth. It was here the Friday levees were held, and the rules were very rigor- ous. The first President’s wife was born a Jones, that of the second a Smith—Abi gail Smith—so the Republic, so far as the domestic head of it was concerned, was ushered in with a certain democratic sinjplicity. John Adams married his wife when she was twenty, and her fath er, who was a clergyman, preached a sermon on the Sunday after the wedding —so a historic old chestnut relah*—from the text, “John came neither eating bread nor drinking wine, and ye say he iMh a devil.” During Adams's term of in 180(1, the Government wa-^ re moved to Washington. Mrs. A.laiu.i was the first lady of the White House, but she never liked it and lived there alto gether but four months. Her picture, by trilbcrt Stuart, represents her as a cheerful and not unhandsome looking woman of fifty, with cap. and ringhts of curls wreathing the edge. Jefierson went into the White House a widower of nineteen years' standing, and his diary lately published by John Bige low shows he imderstood thoroughly tin - domestic economies which were in'CeNsa- ry in the matter of providing for the wants of the mansion and its hospitali ties. His wife was the widow of Bathurst Skelton, a Virginia gentleman, and the daughter of John Waylcs, of Charles City County, Virginia. She was said to be a beautiful woman, and Jefferson to have won her over other suiters through his musical voice and ability to play the violin. Dolly Madison was one of the most popular of the White House women, if wo 1 sdievO tradition, and yet she certain ly was not pnlty, if Prudhomme’s cn- gravmg from the picture of Herring is to be accept'd, with the queer turlnm, pni- fusion of ringlets, large nose and jsisitive mouth. Then* is, however, a gLnujinc of a prettily rounded arm and a classic neck through the lace mid drapery, that perhaps may have combined with her well-attested tact and vivacity to have given her the reputation she certainly enjoys among the President’s wives. She was an F. F. V., Dorothy Payne, al- tboagh liiirn in’the Pia, Tat* Skate, ami in early life her parents lived hen* and Dolly actually joined the Society of Friends in tins city, although no doubt »i rising young Quaker k»jar, one. John •Todd, whom she afterward married, had somethnig to do with this. Todd died and Ml her a widow with one son, so DoUy set her cap for some of the fine looking young members of the Congress then wont to come to Philadelphia to transact the public business, and in 1794 married James Madison, one of the most talented of the body. Mrs. Monroe was* the daughter of a British army officer named Cartwright, t distant relations of the Philadelphia Cartwrights, who settled in New York after the i>eace of 1783. She was one of four girls. One of these married Mr. Heyliger, Grand Chamberlain to the King of Denmark; another a Mr. Knox, of New York City, whose only daughter was the wife of the lab* .Alexander Haniil ton, son of Alexander Hamilton, the first secretary of the treasury; a third married Nicholas Gouvomeur, of New York, and the fourth Senator James Monroe, of Virginia, afterward Presi dent. • . The first White House wedding was that of President Monroe’s youngest •daughter, who married her. cousin Samu el L. Gouvemenr, in 1820. It took place in the East room, tnd was a Knick erbocker affair, .stylish and hightoned for the day. A numlier of brilliant recep- (tloosin 'tyashingjon tf*re tendered to 'ttlfc bridal couple, and the cards were out for a very swell one by Commodore “Essex” Porter and wife, when it liad to be given up, owing to the untimely death of Commodore Decatur, killed by ’ Barron in a duel. The dead officer had * given the young couple a brilliant party but a tew days before at his own home. , An older daughter of President Madison ' married Judge Geo. Hay, of Richmond Hortensia Hay, a beautiful girl, daugh ter Of thfe match, was the wife of Lord , Regers, of Baltimore, whom old society people of this city remember. Lady Rogers died in Paris, and is buried in * Pere la Chaise. ^ f 1 Most persons who have read the vol uminous diary of the “old imm eloquent” ,Tiow more or less of Louisa Catharine / Adams, his wife. Bhe was the daughter x of a Marylander named Johnson, who lived, in London during the Revolution, where she was born. Charles Francis Adams was her third son. She accom panied her distinguished husband dur ing much of his diplomatic and official journeying abroad, and did the honors daring his Executive term, and was a wo man of varied accomplishment*. A fins printing of her by Lsdhe is in as a pretty woman, elegantly rolled, a jewelled tiara in her hair, necklace orna ment and lace shawl, with a handsome gown, out far more decollete than Rose Cleveland could possibly approve of. Mrs. Adams died in 1862, and is buried with her husband at Quincy. General Jackson’s wife died before he went into the White House, and, as he had married liefore she was formally di vorced, the iron-hearted old Democrat was, with her, often the subject of piti less political calumny. She was a plaih woman, but undoubtedly jiOBSessed the undivided affection of the great Presi dent, who never was so happy as when praising her memory or defending it from slander. Van Buren married a woman who, like himself, came of Dutch stock, Hannah Hoes. Bhe died early in their marri«*d life at Albany, and her brilliant husband sever after took another partner. The wife of Major Van Buren was the lady of the White House during her father- in-law’s tenure, and ably filled the place. Ann Hymmes was the wife of General Harrison and was a Jersey girl, l>orn near Morristown, her father Iteing a Con tinental army officer. She never entered the White House, for when the Presi dent came East in 1841 to be inaugurated Iqg health was precarious and would not ]HTi*jt tho journey, ifa died a month after Ih* beeame President, While she lived until February, 1864. Premdeat Tyler's first wife was-Letitia Christian, daughter of Robert Chrestinn, <»f New hunt Oouuty, Virginia. Tyler was at the time of his marriage ^ young law graduate from the office of the cele brated Edmund Randolph, but his polit ical prospects were bright, as the son of Governor John. Tyler, and to this honor of the father the sou succeeded, and from thoiioe to the Presidency. Miss Chnstiai) was a not'd Eastern Virginia belle, and when her bus band Ix-cauie President assumed the White House duties. Her health was feeble at the time, and she dhsl there in Bc]»laml>er, 1842. ElizaU-th, third daughter of President Tyler by tliis union, was mar ried in the White House to a Southern gentleman named Waller. Three grand children of this President, sons of Lightfoot Jones, who married the eldest daughter, fought in the Confederate army. One of them, Robert, received three wounds at Gettysburg. Mrs. Roliert Tyler, a daughter-in-law of this President, noted as the mistress after his wife’s death. Hbe was a lady of great culture and manners, tin* daughter of the tragislian Cooler. Her chi st child. Letitia, was bom in the White House. 1‘resident Tyler remained a widower but a short time, paying the Johnsonian compliment to his first spouse by soon selecting another. Miss Juliet Gardiner, of New \ork She was the daughter of the wealthy gentleman who owned Gar diner's Inland, familiar to many naval people as near the roadstead in East Long Island where the naval practice squadron, with the Annapolis cadets, sjtends much of its summer cruising and exercising, .Although Mr. Tyler was the first President—and so far the only one —to marry in the high office, the cere mony was not performed in the White House, but at the Church of the .Ascen sion in New York, June, 1844. After the wedding a grand reception was given in the Executive Mansion. Mrs. Polk, now bring at an advanced age in Nashville, was one of the most, admirable mistresses the White Reuse lias ever had. She was Miss Sarah Childress, bom near Murfreesboro’, and married James K. Polk, then a member of the Tennessee Legislature, in her 19th year. He went to Congress the follow ing year, and for fourteen sessions con tinued there, being elected Speaker in 1836. In 1839 he l>ecame Governor of Tennessee, and Mrs. Polk presided with grace at the State Executive Mansion, so that when in 1845 they came to the White House she proved one outlie most agreeable and popular of hostesses. Many innovations or rather changes in old customs of receiving were introduced during Mrs. Polk’s residence at the capi tal, notably the one of dispeniiiig with rcfreshmsnts during the levees. Tlie wife of old “Rough and Ready” was a memtier of the extensive family of Smith’s—Margaret Smith, a Maryland girl—daughter of a plain farmer of that State, and their married life for many years was the prosy one of an army cou ple on the frontier. The first home they had really was when in 1840 Col. Taylor went to the United States barracks at Baton Rouge. It was while stationed here that Jefferson Davis met and wooed old Zach’s second daughter, much against the father’s wishes, who dishkod to see his children subjected to the same wandering existence he Had led his X use as an army officer. Lieut. Davis Chen .a handsome young suballem, and the seceding element was so strong in him even at that time he ran .^way wBh Miss T4yl0r, tvho’ died aKortljrafter their marriage and'before the stern old parent had become reconciled to the elopement Miss Betty Taylor, the youngest daughter, was the mistress of the White House during President Tabor’s short incumbency. She became the wife of Major Bliss, Taylor’s adjutant general in Mexico, and was a charming woman, well known in her youthful days in this city, where she went to school The wife of the President neror received or went out mnch in Washington society, and, like Mrs. Garfield, never liked the White House or enjoyed the life there. Millard Fillmore married a New York school teacher, Mias Abigail Powers, be fore he became, like Cleveland, a Buffalo lawyer. She performed all the public •octal duties devolving upon her by rea son of her husband's pghrieal *««**^*^~» he became Chief Magistrate she was not ih very good health, and a few weeks after the close of his term died at Wil lard’s Hotel, Washington, of an illness probably much hastened by her attention to the onerous requirements of* her sta tion. President Fillmore survived his wife twenty-one years, dying in 1874 at Buffalo, and both be buried, with an only daughter, in the beautiful Forest Lawn Cemetery of that city. Franklin Pierce—pronounced Perse up in Boston—was a classmate of Haw thorne’s at Bowdoin College. The presi dent of the college then and for, many years was the Rev. Jesse Appleton. Jenny Appleton, a daughter of this col lege president, liecame Mrs. Pierre, and her husband, at the time of the marriage a young New Hampshire lawyer and Congressman, became afterwards Presi dent of the United States. The first few years of official life was shadowed with grief, owing to the death of their only son, a few weeks liefore the inaugu ration, in a frightful railroad accident, in which Mr. and Mrs. Pierce were also injured. This east a gloom over the early years of the social regime of their term. Many bring iiersons remember the incidents of society life of this period, the quiet, graceful manners of Mrs. Pierce and the hearty cordiality of the President, at the levees and State receji- tions. Mrs. Pierce died at Andover, Mass., during the w ar, and the ex-Presi- dent at Concord nr 1869. Both are buried in the cemetery, not far from the spot where the embattled farmers fired the shot heard round the world in that pretty New England town. James Buchanan was a bachelor, and everybody recalls the presiding lady of his stormy career in the White House - Harriet Lane, his niece—who was well known in her youth in the society of thi* city, Lancaster and Pittsburg. It was at Bedford Springs she met the young Baltimoniui, Johnston, who married her at Wheatland in 1866. The White House never had a more accomplished,' domestic and social head than this young Pennsylvania girl. It was while she was hostess that the Prince of Wales visited the United States and was entertained at the President’s mansion. .All>ert Ed ward bon* away with him, so the story of the day comes down to us, warm ap- preeiatieiii* of the grace and l>eauty of Miss lauie. With the history of Mary Todd Lin coln, the wife of the Great Emancipator, of Mrs. Jolmson, who was Eliza MoAr- dlc, and of Julia Dent Grant, the wife of the Silent Captain and President, who has so lately jwssed away, the public of to-day is familiar. Mrs. Lincoln and Mrs. Grant Isith took i>art m the social duties of their stations, as did Airs. Hayes and Mrs. Garfield—the former Lucy Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webb, of Chilhoothe, Ohio, the latter Lucretia Rudolph, daughter of Zebulon Rudolph, of Garrettavihe, in the same State. Lincoln lost a son, his favorite Tati, in the White House. Nellie Grant, the General's beloved daughter, was mar ried—a brilliant w edding—in the same place. President .Arthur assumed the Chief Magistracy a widower, and, although rumor was very free with his name dur ing his term, he did not many. His deceased wife was a daughter of Captain Herndon, of the United States Navy, the gallant officer who went down on the Central America. James Buchanan and Grover Cleveland were the only two laichelor Presidents, and if the latter marries Miss Folsom this year it will leave the Pennaylvama President alone in the celibate list of Chief Magistrates. Four Presidents were widowers at their inauguration—Jefferson, Jackson, Van Buren and Arthur. Sixteen were mar ried when they went into the White House. One aione, President John Ty ler, married while hoJcHpg the EieputtVe title. Tlir Joy» of Married Lift*. Beferue D. R. Mhiol has reported in favor of ’awarding a degree of limited di vorce to Mrs. Henrietta F. Hartman, of Mount Vernon, N. Y., from her hus band Jacob. The testimony in the case revealed a long course of treatment of the most inhuman, ingenious, humorous and lingering cruelty on the part of the loving husband toward the unfortunate Mrs. Hartman. In his- jocose moments he was-accustomed to slap his wife, strike her with his fist, pull her hair, knock her around the room, jump on her, throw cold water on her, fire disltee at her and empty slops on her. On several occa sions, while eating his meals, he hurled his dinner plate at her, shied the teapot at her head, fired knives and forks at her, heaved a platter of fish in her face, pounded her with a broom, threatened to shoot her, smashed dishea against the WUll, kldked the tal ov>t (Jit and burst open paCKAges of tea, coffee and sugar, and scattered them on the floor;'beat her when in a delicate condition, and caused dangerous illness; threw a lighted lamp at her, setting her on fire, when sick in bed; made her lie down on the l*ed and jumped on her, and threatened to kill her if she screamed; presented a revolver and threatened to kill her if she ever told anybody about his abuse; threw mustard in her face, broke her bedroom windows, so that she caught cold and had the pneumonia, and com mitted divers other acts of violence which made it impossible for her to Jive with himi vr —An English statistical writer Nays that while population in Europe and the United States has risen 34 per oeak since 1850, working power has increased 106 per cent, and as a consequence of this five men can now accomplish as much as six in 1870 or eight in 1860. The world’* ■team power is now five and a half tanea tUM, Noinr Patrrnal Coiuum’I Glvrn In a Very Ortsl- aal Manner. (Bill Njetn Th* Graphic Wrw*.) My Dear So#—Your tetter of last week found your mother and .mo fairly well, though I can see that 1 ain’t the same man I used to lie by any means. Every Spring I have trouble with my lungs. One of my lungs is entirely gone, and the other one is hepafized, so the doctor tolls me. I’ve tried most everything in the wajriaf medicine for to renew my lungs, but they get worse and worse all the time. But still I oat a good hearty meal of victuals. You refer, casually, in yonr letter, to a misspelffid word in my hurt communication. Yqu s]>eak of grammar also in a reproachable way, which is annoying to a man like me. I am not great on the spell, I ad mit, Henry, for when I ought to been learning for te spell at the spelling schools and great orthographical retorts of our section of country, I was licking the smart .Alecks from town that seemed to be smarter than their parents. No, Henry, 1 never grit a meddle for si*>llmg long hard words with great fluency, but I’ve tried to be a well-be- 1 laved parent. In my poor weak way I’ve aimed to. be a good father to you, Henry, and so lias your mother. I think I ma^say, with pardonable pride, that I have been more successful in that line tlian she has. We have both tried, in season and out of season, to so live that we would not. brum your gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. 1, for one, have tried to shun the demon rum for your sake. I have come home early nights, so that you could know where I was, and I liave always lieen w illing that you should smell of my breath if you foit so disposed. I liave never tilled a drunkard's grave or brought reproach upon you. Spelling is not always my liest holt, but I aim to please as a parent. T hftre tried not to bring the blush of shame to yonr fuzzy cheek, and wish you would try to do as much for me sometime. When I was a l»oy, they didn't sugar- coat odjueation and make it one long drawn hallelooger to go to school as they ilow do. ()n the contrary, the straggling ideas of the roodiments which 1 now have, was ws'ki-d into me by main strength and awkwardness. To get the roodiments of an odjueation we Inal to jh .saesn great physical strength and nor mal courage. When I see the student to-day with a big picture Itook done up in a shawl strap, wearing one of those little cigar ettes ui lus mouth, and riding on the hind end of a boss car towards the big n*d female seminary, I often think of the days when I did a <lay’s work liefore breakfast, anil then walked two miles in order to be ready to get licked w hen the old cast iron cuss tliat presided over our school felt like it. He was a noble* brute. He taught our school, I reckon,"because he hadnTodjn- cation enough to engage in othik manual pursuits. - » He is now dead. I do not go over to the cemetery every Spring to decorate Ins grave. Spring is a very busy season with me. If he hpd died in the Winter, about forty years earlier tlian he did, I would have gone out of my way to dec orate his grave. It would liave been a pleasure to me. When he died, your mother asked me if I was going to the funeral “No,” says I, speaking up in that droll way of mine—“No, says I, I shan’t go to the funeral, but, as the feller says, I approve of it.” That’s the way I .am about everythiug. I s]x*ak my mind right out and nolwdy ever knew me to lietutote about saying what I thought of a man, even if ho was dcafi. With better edjucational advantages, I always thought feur schoolmaster would harv nytde a good pirate; but his i*arents was poor and so he liad to hustle for himself. He liad an earnest desire, to advance in his profession, but he did not succeed in carving his name on the heights of fame. He yearned for glory and grub. I remember that he used to teach school Winters and work out Sum mers on a farm. In this way Jiekept up his muscle all the time; and though he frequently got mixed up in long division, he was never successfully licked, up to the time that old Mr. Bright came along with his justly celebrated disease and in troduced it Into the schoolmaster’s daily life. Then h« yielded gently. Like a flake of ice cream on the bosom of a fat man, the schoolmaster began to Subside. One by one his kidnies began to lade. Paler and paler grew the great educator, till at last, one evening in Spring, just as the hull-frogs over in the north medder had unwrapped the red flannel from theii throats and sounded “A,” our old schoolmaster skim ont for the sweet ulti mately. Hundreds of his old pupils all over Hie State telegrafted their consent. It was the most harmonious thing I ever knew of. I regarded it as a great suc cess. So you can see, Henry, the kind of a footer I had, and that is partly why I sometimes spell words eronoously if the ink has lieen froze. I hope these few lines will find you in good health, and that inyoyr subsequent letters yon will devote more space to telling of the things you know, instead of telling me about tue things I don’t kfiow. .You mother also joins me in hoping so. —Eight thousand persona attended Sam Jones’ first meetinu in Baltimore on Sunday night. The meetings will continue several weeks. —A rote seventeen and a half inches «a etroomfereoae is the attraction of a OaL THE GREAT COUNCIL OF THE METHO DIST CHURCH, SOUTH. Four Bishop* mm4 Two Hua4re4 ut4 Fitly (Ay Drlrgntes Asseable la Richmond. (Special to the Now* sad Courier ) Rtohmokd, May 5.—The General Con ference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, met to-day in Gen ternary Church. Nearly all the delegates Mere present The thirty-eight Conferences, under the control of the General Confer* enoe in the United States, reach from Maryland to the Republic of Mexico, and from Florida to Washington Terri- tory. There arc two other Conferences, one jiartly in Texas and partly in Mexico, and the other entirely in Mexi co, with headquarters at the City of Mexico, making forty Conferences in all the Southern Methodist Church. The membership of the Church, ac cording to the last report, received only w few days since, is nearly one million liersons. It has increased to this from 400,000 persons in 1866. Besides, there is mission work among the Indians and 'sjiarsely settled districts of the West, on the borders and in Mexico, and in Brazil and China. a The General Conference represents the ('hatch. It employs nearly three hun dred niisaiouaeies, and expends in the maintenance of missions and the per- renuance olsniasiou work aom^gAOO.OOO aniu&lly. Its church extension board, w ith headquarters at Nashville, has been organizinl only four years, but in that time it has expended aliont $160,000 and has assist.'<1 660 churches. The publish ing operations are conducted at Nash ville, where the largest printing-house is situated, and operated by the Church. It is interested in a large number of educational enterprises, the Largest of which w Vanderbilt University. The General Conference is the chief legislative body of a large Church scat tered over a vast domain. It is, in reali ty, the Congress of the Church, having supreme power in forming and main taining the Church jiolity. It is com posed of delegates selected by each of the animal Conferences in proportion to their membership. The Conference comprises alxmt 250 members, divided equally into clerical ami lay representa tives. Secretary L. Q. C. Lamar is a prominent delegate. The whole work of the Church In its various dejsutments will he reviewed at the Conference and plans devised for future operations. In fact, the whole polity is subject to the revision of this body. The Discipline of the Church will la* gone over, and any advisable re visions made. A resolution was made at the last Con ference to change the name from the Methodist Church, South, to the Metho dist Church of America, but was over whelmingly defeated, and the matter wiU probably not be brought up again. The general drift of feeling seems to be conservative, and there is not likely to bo any radical change. The relations with the Northern Church are most cor dial. The Conference is charged with the duty of electing all the general officers, and will probably elect five new bishops, who hold their offices for life; three gen eral secretaries and editors of the vari ous organs of the Church, besides filling the various boards, the membership of all of which will be revised. The bishops will preside over the Conference in turn, but are not properly members of that body. They have no right to vote. They have the privilege of the floor, however, hut rarely avail themselves of it. The secretary of the Obnferenoe, an important officer, is elected after it meets in regular session and is not necessarily of that body. a The Conference, csrhieh meets only every four years, will last from twenty to thirty days. Much interest has been aroused on aooonnl of the important business to lie transacted. .The election of bishops has efipecciidly attracted a great deal of attention, as there are sev eral candidates for the high honor, » The Conference was called to order by Bishop H. N. McTyiore, of Tennessee, senior bishop. Four other bishops of the Churei wure present, to* wit: Keen er, of .N^w' Orleans, Wilson, of Mary land Grandbeny, of Missouri, and Ifar- growe, of Alabama, Besides thes* thogi are about 260 delegates, clerical and bf, present. The Conference elected the Rev. Dr. John S. Martin, of the Balti more Conference, secretary, with the following assistant secretaries. Dr. B. B. CraVford, of Alabama; Rev. Dr. W. A. Candler, North Georgia Conference, and Rev. John 0. Vincent, Missouri Confer ence. The Rev. Dr. A. C. Bledsoe, of Broad Street Methodist Church, Richmond, delivered an address of welcome in be half of the people of that city, ami Bishop McTyiere responded and in the name of the Conference returned hearty thanks for the welcome from a people so proverbial for their hospitality and from a. city so rich in historic associations of Church as well as of ritate. The address of the bishops waa read by Bishop Keener. The rapid growth of the phureh in the past hundred years and ths attractive simplicity of Meth odism were favorably commented upon. The history of the Church and its progress to date were fully reviewed, and condemnatory terms were uaed in con nection with violation of marriage vows by obtaining divoroaa; of in “futures;” of neglecting to attend church and of Babbath deaecretton. Attending theatres, balls and matineas were referred to as growing evils. At the afternoon wHoa varion mQtees were formed. The delejretas the Conference embrfloe acrie M 1it4 most prominent dhrinsa of * Methodist Choreh. Hr 0. lay delegate from tfea,. Conference, is the only active in attenffimoe upofi (he Conference. Richmond, May 6.—In the nial General Conference of Aha X. R. Church, South, to-day, after (Brine gar- vice conducted by Dr. Hunter, of Ar- kansas, and after the transaction of rou tine tmsinere the delegatee by conferences far the duction of resolutioua. A reaolutipu wM adopted for the appointment of a com mittee to devise A plan by which the en tire Church can be oaBed on to eon- tribute to the expeneee of the General Conference. The special committee on rules reported rules of order for the got; eminent of the Conference. He dis cussion of the rules occupied the entire day’s session, and after thorough revis ion and amendment they wars finally adopted. PNEUMONIA. What a Wrll.Raawa M Say Afeawl It. V S The prevalence of pnenmoufa/Us rapid increase, and fatal consequences in many instances, says Hall’s Journal of have led a number of our abler physi cians to carefully investigate the pecu liarities of this alarming disease, Nad some of them have published the result of their observations in • way ter itiMfit the pubht, not only bgr pointing owtths best methods of prevention, but likewise of treatment, in the event of its occur- renoe. Dr. John T. Nagle, Deputy of Records of the Hsahh. Board of the City of New York, has given much at tention to the disease, and has prepared valuable statistical tables concerning it “The prevalence of pneumonia,” he says, “may be owing to a lack of ozone in ths air, or it may be because there is too much ozone. Hadden changes of weather and high winds, particularly from the north and east certainly have mnch to do with it and dranghts of afl kinds are had, and should be Hmoking may be a predisposing as tobacco is certainly an irritant Any thing which irritates the lungs should be avoided. If people through the nose instead of through the paouth, especially when in the open air or facing s cold wind, the lungs would Ih* lees irritated. “One great cause of the fearful death rate among children from this dtissas ti undoubtedly the criminally footiriHWUy in which they are dressed, era seem more anxious to q«kh.thri» children look pretty than to areas theft) comfortably. On a par with this Is worse than foDy of low-necked among women as viewed from a standpoint Ladies so draresd will rga)) from a heated ballroom or theatre into the open air, and then wonder that titey* have colds or pneumonia. Wi able underclothing, and don't your heavy flaonala too early in the spring or defer putting them on until loo late in the fall. I should not advise piso pie to coddle themselves, but one ahould dress seeordmg to (he season, and torn Id cover the body evenly. Add to proper repu-d for the general an avoidance of draughts, and cm Mad not worry n)4ch about pneumonia.” *d Prof. A. L. Loomis, in his of Medicine,” says: “It is fact that the disease attacks the poor oftener than the rich, the private ofteoer than the officer, the mdlor en oftener than on ship, the soldier oftener than the civilian at the same post, tit is unknown in the polar regions and mon on the Mediterranean, increasing in a direct ratio from the poles to the tor. Elevation above the es to it; north and east winds favat its development; rainy inssi||ii in ihimififtfi this • , * Pwteds of steady.and extreme cold have little effect except upon fee old, . to but sadden changes are very [iieeefmni. The first predisposing cause is sgv Aha ) disease being most common in. jMHdff ~“ a T!!2l'h , , childhood, from twenty to forty, and after sixty. The proportion of "tVf to 01 *®ofvraam were female victims is as three to one. Any - general condition of the body wrhiel| da- **** bilitates, is a predisposing cause. The oompliqgtionj which render the so dangerous are those j, the nertp supply or weaken thb mnsern of the nqfMt .Bad sewerage *•***?“•*■ intense night, and ly high fev sides. The r _ progress, reaching a crista in from five *o i -v- - six days, and sometimes canting death oar bj » corresponding- A- K 7B, Ail sharp pains in ibe in^otfewm, is verv rsnid m its tiDd QtoWS 0 city “Ji ifv* Jnfvji itssli am many 876; Fsbreary, AM). most Mai monto of the yjar. rata, too, k miry high, ties so far published, both h) and private pnetioa, shew aq avatafa death rate of st least 20 per cent, or tori in live of Hum attacked. i dipiw*, JuU Ilia*>««*• la only a local manifestation of a „ disease, othera (hat H is a specified caused by S' spectfle poison,'* to theofj. Without qnimlating upon 1 cut theories, from what has ham which all agree) Htapltinfent which lowers the vitaKty at fee matoto •M femU be carefully avoided. Ovennck* (fifenc physical or mental, has much to do wife H, and this explains why so er and draughts Wall kinds, aa^moto be guarded against, In a word. Urn temperately, dress wtrmiy, swsMInff tM manner of faaprudenees, and yon havs no fear of SUty PtiC _ Pit* RlfegitofeifePi of I a CMntofe May 5^—The Chicago inaugurated in < the rtign of lewtsami th—tanid md endsavomd to yean. They threw a avdst W a line of 200 polios it exploded with famfnl before tbs atianta W death bad sogdodril the Anarchists diihotad a mnidamm feft ■ with iwtolven upon the pdAsS) as If irlftinfn wtiTbe present to atioeious act of the pofcm in toe ing W our feilowrwurkmen afternoon, ttigned: Executive tec.” August Spies, Schwab, B&ft) and other ftonhiiMi (afl fan* Arbrntar onthfiptatito* o# 4 ■ lar power — -mrrt i and miasmatic inflncavoe are potent causes of the dtaesap.* r .... .. *. . Pneumonia usually begins with a chill, xuuwiwniriau o* ran toni TmOmH tense and prolonged, generally at CoMMwrM,' Mky C.—Meet totirfritil tA ^ -A A. B; 78, 5th into within three days. Usually but . lung is affected, and often the rHarasr confined to a. single lobe. A person may have “double pneu monia,” or pneumonia of both hmgv and recover from it, but the ohanorii are against him. When the disease spreads to all of the hmg lobes, death is osrtrin, as the patient cannot breaths, and dim of suffocation. The disrannd hmg* at ffrst inflamed, soon becomes hard and leathery, and incapable of performing its natural functions. A curious fast that usually no second chill ocean another lobe is attacked, pears to be nq relation amount of long affected ty of the symptoms, agree in saying that > . contagious, bat mW '■TT, .- . . and it has it ■ devel oped -wi^TJCrem* oonditiom to dipht one *7 oritar W Signed: sndwfflbel