Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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| SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY TESTS HUDSON SEDAN I I Hudson sfdcA setiart at the laboratory of t ho (J u g go n h o i ni Foundation at Now Y or k University, just prior to oxtonaivo laboratory and road tost a. I Lut>ornt0ty experts checking reading on Tettey Deceierorneter clamped to running board. This device uccyrilLSty recorda the braking ability of the oar. The car, which is equipped with a powerful braking system, stopped in far shorter distances than those regarded ua possible in up-to-date textbooks. Tests which show that the modern automobile far exceeds what textbooks refer to as "perfect practice," have just been concluded on a Hudson stock citiht-cylinder sedan. The tests were made by Dr. Alexander Klemin, in chqrge of the Guggenheim Laboratory at New York University. In iew of the tremendous interest which has been created throughout the country in good braking, particularly because of the safety efforts of police departments of the larger cities, there has been a particularly strong interest in the brake tests as conducted at the Guggenheim Laboratory. The braking or deceleration tests were measured by means of a - Tetley Decelerometer and a steel tape. Full stops were made from speeds of 10 to 50 miles |S3hHBH per hour. In all of these stops, previously recorded braking tests at the same speed were bettered by a wide margin. Police requirements were bettered by 40 per cent at normal driving speed, and by a wide margin at all speeds. At 20 miles an hour, for example, the police require 22.4 ft. Previous best recorded stopping distance at this speed was 18.1 ft. The Hudson stop, according to Professor Klemin, was 13.5 ft. At 40 miles per hour, police require 89.3 ft. The best recorded stop previously was 72.4 ft. and the Hudson stopped in 63.8 ft. These distances were all recorded on the most accurate of instruments. The car speedometer was disconnected and a speed recording device belonging to the laboratory was substituted. Readings were taken on a Tetley Decelerometer and checked with a steel tape. The sedan tested was a Hudson stock car taken from the floor of the New York distributor's 'showroom. All readings and calculations were made by the laboratory staff. In addition to the test on the brakes, acceleration, economy, carburet ion and other salient features of the car were investigated. In all these departments, the car far surpassed what the latest engineering textbooks and reference work regard as perfect performance. HELPFUL HINTS A inixuiiv of two tablespoons of olive oil. one of vinegar and a half a oi,.. of turfM inine makes a good furniiure polish. 1?\ ing f- rust can sometimes be revived by placing a faVdespoon of Caslor oil around the roots. 0if n>i\? <?<lors coming from sinks ai.-l drains can bo eliminated by pourin in a strong solution of borax and hot water. l'iano keys can be cleaned by wiping wilh a cloth moistened in wood irohol and polished with a dry cloth. .tn old single-edge safety razor kde makes an excellent tool to scrape dry paint off window glass. For cooked preserves select strawberries which are considered slightly underripe for eating. A slice of lemon In the water In vhich clothes are boiled will make them whiter. ? Very Little Spent For Education Columbia, July 1.?We spend twice as much for chewing gum as we spend for textbooks while in school, 16 times as much for movies, and 2f> times as much for tobacco, according to an item recently published in the School of Education Gazette, weekly publication of the Education department of the University of South Carolina. In 1913 2.7 cents out of every dollar spent for education went for textbooks; other Expenses for education were 36 times that of the cost of toxtbooks. In 1928 1.6 cents of every dollar was spent for textbooks; other expenses were 61 1-2 times that of textbooks. In 1928 the average total expenses for textbooks per pupil in the public elementary and secondary schools was less than ono cent per day per pupil. The Graf Zeppelin has flown more than 428,000 miles and carried 17,500 passengers in five years. Shore-Sighting Bird as Guide to Ancient Seamen Strong-winged hints were much employed as pilots and aides to safety hefore the mariner's compass came Into general use. Sailors la various parts of the ancient world went fearlessly out of sight of land, trusting that their high-flying, far sighted, captive passengers would take them hack to their own shores, or to some land toward which they had only little known stars to steer hy. This short essay, observes a writer In the Montreal Herald, is suggested by finding a memorandum made years ago from an article in the journal of the Hoytil Anthropological society for 1S00, In which the Welsh antiquarian Rhys Davids quotes from nn almost forgotten author these lines: "Ocean-going merchants were wont to plunge forth upon the sea. taking with them o shore-sighting bird. When the ship was out of sight of land they would set the shore-sighting bird free. And It would go to the east and to the south and to the west qnd to the north and to the Intermediate points and rise aloft. If in the horizon It caught sight of land, thither It would go. Rut if not. then it would come back to the i ship again." | Principle of Screw Old The screw is in reality an Inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. The principle of the screw was known to Archimedes as early as R. (\ It was used hy the Romans of the empire in their wine and oil presses and was probably familiar to many Mrditrrra ! nenn peoples at the beginning of the Christian era. It is one of the most ex tenslvely used of the elementary me- j chanlsms. Until early in the Nineteenth j century screws were roughly made by j band and Imperfect tools. The thread and nick were formed by the use of band dies and hack saws. In as a result of an American Invention, machines began to be used. Why A Dog Turns Around Columbia. July 1.?Why does a do-' turn around a few tunes on his bed before lying down? Why do peopl" chase a swarm of bees, ringing a bell or making some sort of noise in an j attempt to settle and capture themi The (log's action is explained as a | result of the time when all canines slept in the forest and had to tread I their bods to make them soft before retiring, in the -thesis, "Moral Bdu-I cation," submitted to the University of South Carolina In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree! master of arts. The second, also explained by the thesis. is an outgrowth, of an old English custom. In tlia- old days.1 when a person discovered a new swarm of bees lie had to follow them. J making a racket to inform his neighbors that the bees were found. There j soon arose the belief that the noise attracted the bees, so the practice was continued for that reason. Wrt buy and sell used cars. Cash for your car In ten minutes. Redfearn Motor Company, Camden, S. C.? Adv. 15 sb. A Southern railway freight engine, attached to a train, en route to Rocbmart, Ga., for repair*, exploded six miles from the town, killed the engineer and a negro brakeman and aerlo^aly injured the negro fireman. "10 _l . fgW. : t' ' K' - FINE LIQUORS ON SALE AT RETAIL LIQUOR STORES: I Scotch Liquors j WILLIAM GRANT OLD RARITY B. L. GOLD LABEL RYE I GREEN SPRINGS VALLEY $1.95 FULL PINT WOOD BROOK $1.15 FULL PINT CARSTAIRS ; An excellent blended rye, 7 years old j CAROLLTON CLUB A very delightful moderate priced blended rye. 50c HALF PINT GIN HUDSON BAY j $1.00 FULL PINT j j Vermouth I; Italian Rosab Vermouth (Red) Plaza Alvarez Cuban Rum ^ a " DISTRIBUTED BY J. R. YOUNG & COMPANY ~ CHARLESTON, S. C. ~ *X- -r yr I - ' - ."* " 4 _ .., ;' , :1st WHY=== Doctors Write Prescriptions in Latin Terms W h> iii?t > ;i ?|i ?-? r v, ?*ir? Ids (ti't'scrip th?n* in Latin initial nt Lngllsh? There are several riutK-qi*. one is Thai I.ntlii is a more exact language than Lngiish. uimJ, being a dead language, H does not change :is Is I lie case with living languages. I hen again. a wirg* pa'rt of (In* drugs in use urn botanical, ami they have in medicine tIn? Name SclentiHe names that they have in botany. Two thirds of such drugs have no F.nglish names and so could not he 'written In Fiigl|sh. Then, a prescription In Latin Is much safer from the patient's point of view Suppose a doctor writes a prescription In Hugllsh for on uneducated person. The person reads It and uilght try to get it from memory the second time. This might of course, easily lead to disastrous results. If Iodide of potassium were mentioned, the person might carelessly ask for cyunlde of potassium. The man could safely take ten grains of the former, hut one gculn of the latter would he fatal. Filially, Latin is used all over the world by silent I lie men ami no language Is more universal.?Mont real Herald. 'Why Maine Holds State Election in September This date was fixed hy the state con Mllntinn when Maine entered llie Union In 1 vjt) because the poor traveling facilities of the period, bad roads and weather might prevent many getting to the polls on a later date, says Pathfinder Magazine, in isir> congress 8perilled the first Tuesday alter the j first Monday In N-<\ember as the day for electing l'resld mini electors. This day was also decided upon as the day for congressional en ctions hut except lions were made In favor of Arkansas, Maine and Oregon. Arkansas and Oregon later changed their constitutions to conform with the* net of lSir>, hut Maine still holds its congressional and state election In September and ItB 1'residential election in November. Why Lakes Disappear, Reappear Lakes in northern Florida occur In sinkholes formed by the caving In of the roofs of caverns resulting from the solution of the limestone which underlies that regloti. 'the lakes form In these sinkholes when the outlets become clogged. If the outlet water hecomes tree of the obstruction which has prevented the water from escaping through some underground passage, the lake Is drained. Another ob| struction over the outlet may cause the lake to refill. This process may be repeated any number of times, depending on whether the outlet of the sinkhole Is open or obstructed. Sinkholes are common m many regions in> dcrlain by limestone formations. Why Muitard Burns the Tongue There are a number of chemical thing# which, when they touch the skin, cause us to feel a sensation of burning. Mustard is one. When it touches the tongue It acts as an Irritant, causing the part it Touches to swell, You have heard of a mustard plaster; when this has been on the skin for a time ft makes a red patch. This 1b because it causes n kind of pressure upon the nerves, and gives a tingling feeling at their euds. The tingling, or Irritation, Is what we refer to as "burning" when wo say that mustard, or anything ejse of the same kind, burns the tongue.?TIt-Blts Magazine. Why Horetradish Loiei Strength ' The pungency of horseradish roots Is caused by a glueoside capable of being split into sugar. It does not cause pungency until worked on by an enzyme, which does not nppear until tlje vegerable Is crushed. Further more, the oil released, containing the pungent element, is quite volatile and disappears quickly. In -oilier words, horseradish will not retain its pungency more than a few days If kept open or If continually exposed. Kven If kept tightly sealed it cannot be ex peered to remain pungent more than three weeks at the outside. Why Bridge* Were Covered Because of the xpnsely settled eon dltion of the country and the slowness of travel in early days it is commonly but erroneously believed that this style of bridge was constructed so as to offer" shelter to travelers In case of a storm. The bureau of public roads says early bridges were built with a roof and sides to protect their timbers from the weather.?Pathfinder Magazine. Why Cock Crowa at Midnight Why the barnyard cook, a nightsleeping bird, frequently crows at midnight Is one of the world's oldest nnt urnl mysteries. In fact, the members of the French Academy of Science have been curious about it so long that they are now trying to solve the prob lem. C. D. CYddwell, Chattanooga, Tenn., In Collier's Weekly. Why Spillway la Bonnet Carre ' The phrase Bonnet Carre literally means square cap or square hat. The French Creoles have from earliest times used It as meaning a sharp bend in a river. Bonnet Carre, near New Orleans, Is the point of location of a spillway. The spillway Is built In the convex curve of the river. Why Port Arthur Got Nam* Port Arthur, the r.sns cf Lu-Shun ! Kou, waa given tbla European naiu? bj Admiral Seymour when the British forces were there In 18001 Tbe infer ence la tuat Port Arthur waa namc< for the eoo of Qeees Vtetorte. . V H-;.: ,'i ' , Oboe Is Indispensable in Modern Orchestras Till' oboe r?'M.shls of h COIliCU) Wood- j I'll tiil?i*. roiii|?ii?i'il nf throe Joints, niv- ' per, middle miiiI Im'H, anil a short metal ; tube to who h aii- hound by many funis I of waxed silk ttie two thin pieces of i cane that form the mouthpiece. These I pieces of cane are so beveled and thin at the end which is taken Into the mouth that (he gentlest stream of air hullices to set tlirui vibration and produce the tono of the instrument, writes an authority In the Washington Post. The olioe is employed ehletly as solo Instrument and usually ({Ives the "A" to the other Iiim ruuients of the orchestra when they tune up. The lowest notes of the oboe are rather harsh and nasal in quality. The middle register, which Is the hest, has a reedy and penetrating quality, while the highest notes are more pleasing. As the oboe resembles the shepherd's pipe. It Is admirably suited to portray effects of pastoral simplicity. It Is also used to picture rustic merriment. In orchestral music the Inclslvo tone of the olmo makes It a favorite. The scores of Handel are full of striking passages for it, and In his time it came near bring a rival of the violin. The English horn is simply an oboe half as large again as the smaller Instrument : null, In consequence of Its size, Its pitch Is a tlftli lower. The English horn is not really a horn, hut is named from the old shepherd's pipe used In England and known as the hornpipe. Its tone quality Is quieter and more solid than that of the oboe. Th?? middle ami lower register is especially full, rich and sonorous. The earlier composers used the instrument very little, hut in modern orchestras It is indispensable. Shifting of Tidal Load Keeps Experts Guessing The earth is far from being finished In the sense that a sculptor says that he has finished a statue for exhibition. Winds are continually brushing away dust from one place and depositing it ori another; rushing streams are wearing away the hardest granite; strata nre slipping here and there In an effort to bring about" equilibrium and to level huge mountains. When all this patting, molding and scraping is over the earth will he finished In more senses than one. It will be dead, asserts a writer In-the New York Times. Among the forces that thus affect the earth are those exerted by (lie tides. Bulges of water course around the earth?two bulges?every 24 hours as tlie result of the moon's attraction. It Is just as if a load slipped over the earth's crust. Where the load happens to be at llie moment there must be a hollow in the crust?a hollow like that produced in a rubber ball pressed In at opposite sides bv the . hand. When the hand Is released the hall springs hack Into shape. So does the earth when the tidal bulge moves on. The "Fourth Estate" The term "estates of the realm" wins formerly applied to the three great classes or orders which had a share j In the government, namely the clergy, the Lords and the Commons, In England. Joculnr writers such ns Fielding In 1752 referred to the "mob" as a fourth estate; others applied the term to the army, to the Times newspaper, to the Journalist Cobbett, etc. Lord Brougham Is credited with the use of the term In parliament, about 1823, to describe the growing power of the newspaper press. In 1828 Macaulay staled; "The gallery In which the reporters sat has become a fourth estate of the realm." Carlyle used It In his "Heroes and Hero Worship" In 1840, attributing It to the orntor, Edmund Burke, but the statement Is not recorded In Burke's published works. The phrase designates the press ns a dls- { tlnct power In the state, presumably from the license It exercises, the liberties It enjoys, or the power it wields. Hotel des Invalidcs The Hotel des Invalidcs was founded by Louis XIV In 1(571-74 us a home, for disabled soldiers, the first of its kind, and at one rime housed as many as .".(KM) and even 7.000 pensioners. At the outbreak of the (ireat war there were only about twenty Inmates, but since then their number has Increased enormously. Built from the designs of Liberal Bruant, whoso work wns continued by Mansart. the Invalidcs was restored under Napoleon I and Napoleon III and covers an area of about thirty-one ncros. The First Calendar While there are abundant evidencesof well-designed calendars at least 2,000 years before Christ, there are not the exact data as to the precise originators of such systems. The earliest known nre the Assyrian and Phoenician, probably antedating the Jewish. The earliest division of time wns the sunrise and sunset, making a day. The division into months wns governed by the phases of the moon, and the 12 lunar months, bringing around the game f.usons on their recurrence, was the origin of the year. The White Territi^*^ The striking white terrier, whoso ancestors were white English terriers and bulldogs, has been bred with wonderful success within these shores In recent years. The home-bred* have held, and will hold their own with any Imported to this country. Therefore, it la natural that many fancier* here desire the Bull terrier to remain the "White Cavalier," at It ha* heen described In poetic verse an many tinea ' ' * t- .. ~ ? J2:. tic " ? - - -- -'t,- , - . . . .... V. V General News Notes Moat textile mill* in thta stute will 5?? idi It(h week, as UMtitI every ycur tor inventories and repairs, hut will I'Minif operations next Monday. lit.- * on.nor at Charleston asks the Kr/tml jury for an tiniu?ullar< investigation of reports that he acted wrong lully in deciding that the death of Mrs Robert A Cringle. recently, by drowning, was accidental Friday. June US, was the 21st untilversar.x of the firing of the shot by a " "dent that killed an arehduko at Hnrejevo. and sot the world on fire, which burned for more than four years. Alfred I','. Volchmann, 19, has con fessed to police at Greenville, N. V? that he mistreated and killed the 9yearold ,laughter of his pastor, in whose church he played the violin in fl?c choir II,. killed the.child with a huteherknife. Alt unprecedented WIIVc of high temperatures BWept over southern huropc tin? lust Of the week.. Nine died from sunstroke In Italy and three at Mines, France, where the thermometer registered 120 degrees, while lightning killed six in east Prussia. Scotland Yard is much concerned because of the widespread sale there of drugged cigarettes to young girls in Loudon's West Fad. Some of l|,e cigarettes are said to sell for us much as a dollar each, and dealers even Sell them at so much a "whiff." 1 he part of Joe lands, young !)? troit negro who defeated Camera In a prize light in New York Inst week was Ml,10, is per cent of the gale r. eeipiM, while Camera's cut was 792,51. I /Odin's next buttle will probably be with Max Scbinelling or Max lhn*r. A New York grand jury refused to Indict three small bootblacks for the killing of a sleeping Itinerant with a pistol stolen from a policeman as they trlecj to emulate "bandits " Tho boys, txxo white and one black, are aged in to years. They xvere turned over to the children's court. Rain was badly needed till over this state, over the end, the director of the weather bureau at Columbia, said, and all crops, as well as cotton, have been seriously affected by lack of moisture lately, with cotton doing better than the other crops. Governor Johnston arrived In Wash irigion early yesterday morning and Will Stay there Ml week, to press upon congressmen and federal agencies tile piograuis and projecth proposed to be done In South Carolina xvith the .aid of government money. e A Chester negro named William CJraflfeureld. driving a dozen school teachers to Rock Hill, to attend summer school, fell dead under the wheel, from heart disease, but with his last gasp turned off the Ignition to stop the bus, and nobody was Injured, when the bus stopped against a fill at the side of the highway. The tragedy occurred three miles below Rock Hill. James T. Williams, former mayor of Greenville, stalwart prohibitionist, and the last survivor of his company In the Civil war, celebrated his 90th birthday, tho other day, anil Is strong and hearty. He Bays he is living on borrowed time, and there'1b nobody to collect. His maxims ure eight hours sleep every day, moderate eating, temperai^ce in all things, hard work?ho still works in Ids garden?and no worry, with hard work as fhe"best ' panacea for all troubles. Jess Barber, who died in Gastonla, aged 90 years, was the last South Carolina negro legislator of the Reconstruction (lays. H? wu* \tx tha aoxxvttA ? and introduced the law exempting homesteads from execution for debts and judgments. Before the Civil war, he was a slave of Miss Melinda Baric r. in Fairfield county, and throughout that xvar was the body servant <>f Captain Barber, seeing the beginning sit Charleston, the campaigns in \ it ginia and Tennessee, and the end in Virginia. He went to Gastonla about 10 years ago and worked for firms doing hmillng and grading for years, and at odd jobs lately. He had many white friends there in bis old age. I Mess the retail price of gasoline in Gaffncy is brought to a parity with prices in nearby neighboring towns, Mayor R. C.' Swofford announces he has determined to recommend to the City council the establishment of a municipal service station to sell gasoline and oil to local taxpayer^ sit net cost. The mayor pointed out that Gaffney consumers have been charged from two to four cents per gallon more for gasoline for months and months than have purchasers in nearby places. The South Carolina supreme court, now recessed for the summer, expects to dispose of every case pend/ifR'-before it by falf and begin Its 1935-36 sessions with a clean slate. At times during the past ten years, records set .forth, it has been as much as a year and a half behind in passing upon litigation before it. Directed by Chief Justioe John G. Stabler of St. Matthews, this year, it dlspoaed of a considerable volume of oases although handicapped by the lack of two regular members at most of its meetings. r- '*V. ? 7