Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Water Vapor Is Needed to Sustain Animal Life Disaster In many forms would route to tho oar tit If tlio odds and ends of tho atmosphere were tamper* d with In Koine way. according t" data assem hied by l ulled Slates weather bureau. Sa.VS Selepee Kerv iee. Without water vapor, which even In the Welt?*r paths < ! tbi^Jjorlti coHsti tutes only Pper cent of the atnio Sphere, po plant and no animal life would he possible and ' wlnde earth would he as dead and barren as the moon. There would he winds, hut never a shower.; (T,.uds would he e\ orywhere, though only of line pnlver l/.ed roel; stieli as now tills, some l?r11 eve. the at tno--p!iore of the planet Venus. The small amount of carbon dioxide In the air, It is explained, is absolutely essential to plant lite and, si lire all animal life Is dependent, directly or indirectly, upon plants, the removal of carhon dioxide would result In the extinction of life on earth.-j High a hove the n^rth, some twenty to thirty miles, there Is an amount of ozone so small that II brought together at average outdoor temperature and pressure it would make a sheet only about a tenth of an inch thick. If this gftfAvcro removed our eyes would soon go blind from (lie action upon them of ; that portion of the ultra violet s.dai radiation which at prevent it shuts out completely. If, on the other hand, the quantity of n/ope were increased several fold I he ultraviolet lighl m'?w reaching earth would he excluded, no vitamin I? would be formed by it and t here would, bo a rapid extinction of mo.t if nut all annua! Iii'', including man. Wizard Stein mot 7. Had to Flee From Germany Charles iTot.uts Stelnim-l/. the 'a Iiioiis e i ei* 11" i<',*i 1 ehiraieef. was tiorn "It April ! . r til I'.reslau, Cermany. ami was educated at the t niversil ies of I'.ia si,au aad r.erlin, and at the Polytechnic ill-d lute ill Zurleh, speclattz j, lug In ma t hriit.'i t ies, chemistry, and i electrical engineer:ng. forced to llee | from licrmany b.-can-e of his Socialist convict ions, he went lirst t<> Austria and Switzerland, and In lsv.t came to tlie fnited States, where he eventually became tho chief consulting engineer and head of the engineering department of the (Jem/rat Llectrie company, Schenectady, N V. He took an active : Interest In economics and polities, and ! tlpoigh le remained a Socialist, with 1 advancing vc.irs his \ jews became J *' great ly m<?,'.!ied. In 1PPJ lie w as pres. j i?h^>b?f the hoard <>f education of | Sehoneetndy, and from 1PH5 to liis death. ,l,ii!y IP. lPL'S, was president of I the common cottre'i, Steinniet/'s practical inventions mv j er the wlmle Ihdd <?f electrical uppli- , anees; among them the most impor- i til lit are the induction regulator, ttie , method of place transformation as j from two phase to throe phase, and the j metallic electrode arc lamp. His works j Include "Theory ami Calculation of Alternating -.Current Phenomena," ! "Tlieoretlcal Clements of electrical Engineering." "Cencrnl Lectures In "Llcctrlcal engineering.** "Lngineerlng Mathematics." "I Ib'ct rical Discharges. . Waves and lmpul-.es." "America and \ the New Lpoch." and "I-'oiir Lectures I on Relativity and Space." ' Safety Pin Is A ncirnt Safety pins, instead of being a modern Invention, as most people suppose, ; are so old that their origin Is h>->t In the mists of antiquity. The ancient safety pins were ma !" of brnn/.e an alloy of copper and Cm It was at a cotnpara'i vcly la'" date that men learned lew to make a tire hot enough to s'ludt iron ant mak" sic. I. MM of our safety plus are t : . I nut'le of brass Iron or s'. . I if h tr > d in !h<> ground will turn nib. i u-t in a f.wv v.-.rs at. I bo dc-t r.'\ril, but bri>n/." u ill last al most f"! c \ er. A r' icof !>r>'ii " w !iicti were left by th" \ k tigs of Scad-li mm \ i a have 1 i rii 1!': ' up In I re! a tb I only recently. Ani-u g Ih.-in was a re ligious lamp. Oldcit UniTrr?ity in the World Tile Mosque of Al A bar ill the city ef Cairo supplies Lg> pf w .th its m.nis tors cf rel'.gion and its exponents of Moslem law and Is the oldest quiverglty In th" world ' '"iitur.es before Oxford and Cambridge became the centers of learning the sheikhs of A! Ar.har were expound ng the jirincip'es of law nnd religion f? r pup.N win were to hand them on :n a'! f!.? tor- 1 riferi.s where the sword Cam was v! c 11 r I *k' i ** S . t ,' * o ! V t 11 'f 1 Is* ik 4 *? ^ i \ s renin!' - ! the muu' C: V d A ocho dox I -' J: 1 tTe true home of liv-arv A Buried B e ? i d e Mil llor'e W . h ; s \ fe.-t ot b - fa \ : tc : .' " Ph-.- r-. I ? I " m.v. t buries 11. :. rv C'"-i,. v. !ciy kl.?'V\ u a> John p r c. w - mined in a gr.ve of k ti't.s ut Cuj.e Pi'uv.bgc. , ? * ?? * O-.-M Vf g ? -".* ?(' I ? r.an ill. 1 at . - lie dire, t ed 'hat h - t. ' ' - c t,ear these wnrd-i ' I!" ! >%>- ! h - f.'ilow men. li>-r.- a'.-.. tear,.-! f.i.th 1 ful marc, 1 -lack lb-s." Fir?t Gla?? Factory In rc'um for favors r. n P-rcl drjr Ing the Revo!at i. \\ ill.am P ' icrn and oth. m In 17-sil w.-rc granted b> the government the s<>;.. pr.\;lcg? of mak Ing glass in (Vitmr. cut, nnd operated a bottle factory in Manchester. Most of the ware was taken to Hartford by ox team, ther? shipped In sailing vessel* to the \Vo?t Indies. Soybeans Valuable For Grazing Hogs Clem'son College, May ' ?Soybeans rank at Oh- top of the list fot hog grazing, results of tests by the South Carolina Experiment Station show; and Prof. L. V. Starkey, animal husbandman, urges planting soys now for R'iimincr grazing. A good acre of soybeans, he says, will furnish for- ( age for as many as 15 spring pigs through the entire summer. besides their grazing value Prof. ( Starkey points out two other import- i ant values; first, the soybean, being a legume, adds nitrogen to the soil; j second, the cultivation of the soy- 1 beans or any other forage crop will , help in controlling parasites. 'Four pointers the specialist gives on Koreans for grazing are: One of the best. varieties for hog grazing is the liiloxi, which is also wMl adapted to grazing in the mature state, for the bean* not shatter from the pods after the first frost. ,. To make sure of a good stand one should plant four 'or five pocks per i i ' Fin e when drilled in rows. Soybeans do best, when <1 rilled in j rows about two feet apart and culti- : voted two or three times. You do not have to wait until- the j beans are mature. A ou may turn on , thivbogs when^ne beans pre 12 to 10. inches iiigh. George Spencer QuipCm, 17, on a j preliminary trial this week at < barb-ton. Miss., was charged with having gi\ en poison candy to .Margie, Mae Scott, 11, which caused her j (b'lith on March 1?. The charge was made by Opal McFerrin. 11, chum of j Margie Mae. The father ol the child alleged that there lias been dilVorences of long standing between the two families. Two Chicago couples got all messed j up in free love theories. The question they asked themselves was, "How will it all end?" Mrs. Etna Ilamm, 25, blew up, and answered the question by shooting herself. Her husband loved the wife of his friend, Nelson, and Nelson loved Mrs. Ilamm. The coroner's jury returned a verdict of: "Suicide while temporarily in-' sane, due to domestic troubles." N FY 11,1.K BENNETT ADDRESSES HOl'SE. ! 1 Continued from page one) lie funds, and the rendering of elTi- | cictit service under great handicaps. Your next great accomplishment ! that 1 wish to mention is your main- j tcifoncc of State support for schools.; If we take the figures I gave you a few minutes ago and separate the. School expenditures from the other disbursements from the general funds of the State we will get a surprising re-ult. leaving out the amount spent for schools altogether, we find that in 1930 the other exjH'nditures front the genera! funds of the State for purely StaU> purposes am^ not for the public schools was $ < .tv.el, i-H . 1 1. In 1 9?*1 i> was $7,157,91 1.20. In 1932 it was $5,37I.012.7S. In 1933. it was $.">.700.203.32, and in the next fiscal year. 1 05 1 -55. the expenditures for ordinary State purpo.-os will be ? $-1.5X0,72 1.33. Vnii w;!! <ee therefore that the expenditures of the State (iiivcninii nt 0 it -ide ? t" public schools have been 1 educed front $7.S5 1.7 11.1 1 in 1950 to $ !. mi.72 1.53 for the next fiscal year, or a total reduction in purely S'at n g e\pe!l-e-, exclusive of appr '\ iniately 12 [* >. tent "lie Pe a tig . o-ts of the State (;,.\ ei rtnii i:t alot.e. Now. taking up , ti.nire- for publ: schools. \\ ? tind i; at ::: 1950 the amount wa> $5..>00.irp mi; ;> . 1951. $5..*>0O.(Hio.0(i; :r. 1932, $5.39 1,32 I 00; in 1953, the calendar year, $5.09d.s9o.O0. During the eighteen months' period, which in eludes the calendar year of l(.>lk3 and the first six months of 11KJ4, the total amount spent from the general funds of the State for schools including teachers' notes, -will amount to $??.fif>2.o60.fi>S, And going into the next fiscal year for which we ha\e ju-t 1 made the appropriation, we find that1 of the total bill of $6.1)48,000.00. the sum of $'2..,J7'2.,.>80.00 is definitely allocated to Schools from the general funds- of the State, hut that in addition thereto, Schools will receive the proceeds of special revenue in the amount of $1 ..'{.'W.OOO.OO. making a total of .*>72.080.00. In addition to hi-, during the next fiscal year the s.-bonis will receive from the general funds' of the State in the form of payment- made < n teacher-' notes, the sinn of $ 1 .JOO.OOo.iK), making a grand total f<>r the school-; <iui imr the \iur next fiscal year -of $4.00.">,00<U"1. So tha* the result i- that during tie same jH-riod in which the general expenditures of the State (i t\ei (lll'.ev t for purely State purpo-e.- were he: g decreased 12 pet' cent, the expe. tures fo- m bin'; put p<ha-1 a-iau y increased from $.'{.i>">0.004i.ou > i.OOO.i H" h( m '. or a^ increase of app: xlmately 40 per cent. I have heard it said by those who were unfamiliar with the fact- that this General Assembly had not taker, care of the school-. The contrary is true. The truth being that d r rir the li-cai year lO.'M-'to, there will be expended from the funds of the Sta'e of South Carolina. both school funds and the general fund.-, trie -un: ' of $.'.4-s.">.i M)o.tNt. of which appr. \ ma'o iy $4.0(m?1imhmm'? u .1 g..? t" ' ,e pub'.; schools of the State. This Gora ral A vemky ha- devoted, a greater port.or. of the r?w t r State to the support of trie !'. School- than ha.- any other <> i A-sembly .r. the h;-t.?-y of There is nmre which I wt?h to sry w n regard t<> the Schools, but I w .11 bring 'hat .fi in connection w.'h t < change of the ti->a! yea". i .IaU lU.o Ii.'.uu.. Veiii' ui L..C Sta'e from a cahr.dar y? ar ha-.- ' > a July 1st to June .loth date wa greate-t single accomplishrr.er.' f this Genera! A--emb!y from a f: ii sandpoir.t. It ;> an accompli-- ? that can be credited to the preceding General Assembly as well as to this, and to the people of South Carolina who approved the necessary charge :r. the con-titution so that it could bo put in'o effect. last y > a -. when we ware making the change, it put a great strain upon the finances of the State. Now that the change has bes n negotiated and we are on the new fiscal basts, the strain has been passed, and we now find ourselves in ! 1 j a position of absolute control and safety of State finances, a condition j which never prevailed before. This ' session is the first regular session of. the General Assembly in which the j members came down to Columbia and J were not called upon to reach back six or seven months trying to find money to pay the costs of expendi- J lures that had already been made. The period for which we made appropriations at this session was the period beginning this coming July 1st and extending to next June .'10th. Employees of the Comptroller General's office tell me thiit the strain of their work has been cut in halfThe heads of the Institutions tell us that they are now able to formulate their plans in a more business-like and common sense way, and can adjust their budgets to the budget of the State and have sufficient time in which to adapt their institution to the reduction of the expenditures inipn-ed by the General Assembly. All re.-.-id- and reports of the State Departments and Institutions are now made on the fiscal year basis and there such uniformity that the auditing and understanding of the rep.'H is simplified. Hut lhe greatest advantage of the change in the fiscal year, aside from the advantage of saving money, is that it affords to the schools of South Carolina a reasonable and businesslike stem of State aid. Under the old -.y-tem the State did not appropriate school aid until toward the end of the School year. The result wit* that the School district.*"' of the Stat*- had to borrow money all during the first -ix or eight months if their school term, expecting to l>o repa. .1 la'e in the Spring after the appr ;ua'i'.n had beer. made. I rente m be ? t ha* when I u-i-d to teach -.'a the State a hi U":n!':y o:ri rot come ur.t.l May. And in order to get the money then, the State had to bo-row Three and a Half Million Do'. .ui'.-, ar,.? ?*ay ??n yyotes until the following Spring. The new school bill that was passed last year and the change of the fiscal year, w.-rkir.g together, have brought it aiw.i* that the schools of the State receive their State aid monthly in the beginning of the school year and as it progresses in September. October, Novembe^ December and January, as the claries of the teachers come due and have to be paid; therefore the School Districts are free from the nece.s?;ty of borrowing money and can know in advance the amount that they will receive. And moat important of all, inatead of getting a promise or a note, the teachers get their pay in cash. One very important result of this change in method of State aid for schools and the change of tlie fiscal year is the great saving in interest charges. During the five-year period 1029 to 1033, the general funds of the State was called on to pay interest fn the total amount of $1,877,707.20, all being interest paid on current financing of the State. In none of those years did the State general fund borrow less than $4,000,000.00 in anticipation of collection of taxes. By July 1st, of this year, the State will have paid off all these old current notes, with the exception of about $1,400,000.00. During the next fiscal year it will not be necessary for the State to borrow except in negligible amounts and upon very short terms. As a matter of fact, after July 1st the State will be very nearly on a cash basis, and if the policies you have instituted are continued hereafter, by the end of the next fiscal year it will not be necessary for the State to borrow any money for its current operating demands. In addition to saving interest by not having to borrow the money, wo are saving interest because the State Budget has been balanced and improving the credit of the State, so that we can obtain accommodations at a reduced rate. I am sure you remember that two years ago the State could borrow money from no one until finally the Reconstruction Finance Corporation agreed to provide the funds with which to pay State Aid for schools. Even then, the State of South Carolina was f reed to pay fi per cent interest. I.a-t year, the State could not borrow money from any financial institution. The result was that it found itself forced to borrow from the School D:^T:-tc and the school teachers by the issuance of the so-called Teacher.-' Notes, at the rate of 5 per cent. r..n?.i<H-r the -ituation now. We have not only patd rrff a great part of our current State notes, but have just pas-ed through both houses a bill introduced by the Ways and Means Committee, providing for the refinancing of outstanding teachers' note*, and It. F. C. notes at 3 1-2 per cent interest rate. This will mean a saving to the State of South Carolina of $.">0,000.00 in interest. In my opinion this saving can be directly traced to our change in the fiscal year and our halanc.ng of the budget of the ( State, and our instituting a system of executive budget control of the expenditures of the State Government, These accomplishments have been attained not in the midst of easy circumstances but in the face of calara- I ities. At the end of 1932 the State I had run a deficit for that year of $1,300,000.00. This general assembly I had to provide for the repayment of that amount before it could make appropriations for the year 1933. It I had to do this in the face of failing j revenue. It had to do this in the face of a reduction of 2 1-2 mills in I the state levy for general purposes. And it has done this and at the same time has reduced the school property I levy to the extent of 4 mills. In the performance of these duties, I know we have all suffered many I unpleasant experiences. In this connection I wish to say that I am reminded of the statement, I think, of j Aeneas, when he said "Someday it will give us pleasure to have remem- I bered even this." I want to say to the House that the j Ways and Means Committee is a fine I group of patriotic gentlemen who j have cooperated with each other and j with me in doing what we could for I the state. I want to thank from the I bottom of my heart, each and every one. I We have not done all that we j should have done by any means. Our J failures have probably been as out- I standing as our accomplishments. I The net result of it all is that the finances of the .state have been so changed thru the activities of this I general assembly that instead of be- j ing headed into debts, insolvency arvd j bankruptcy, they are being headed towards a cash basis. We have made I a good start and I do think in all I sincerity and honesty that this gen* | oral assembly has conscientiously I tried to serve the state of South Tar- j olina without fear. A few days ago, one afternoon when the house was I not in session, I came into the house with Dr. Wallace, of WofTord Tob I lege, to examine the Mace of the 1 House, which as you know, is the symbol of the dignity and authority I of the people of the state. I never examined it before, but he pointed out to me the engraving of I the seal of the colony granted in 1721 by the King of England. On it h engraved the following in Latin* I "Propius res aspice nostram," which can bo translated "Look carefully af" ter our affairs." I think those word? I apply to the house. Coming from the symbol of the authority of the state, we can take those words as an admo* nition from the people of the I "Look carefully after the a^*'r,Kw I the state." This genertd assemWy has performed aa best it could obligation. I / .* t \ 'nms f...'v the mar/ ," . ..J v< " is 1 Trratuw-nt J * u . h ' s 1>?. uv! r an.n/i f t'i t!. morels. -? 'A ... .i..i s is ti t-M ?; tie i.l .->S < ! ; t '<1 Sfnniuch or . (i /'(v.i/fnd / I'leers, (iatfinest, /'(>or Digestion, >oirror l-piei .Wo'nur/i, y .If ,'(/ /h spt p uo, HI o a 11 n g , It i i r ( hit r n , ( on s 11 pa t ion , Hcul It r i a ! h , Sleeplessness, t'oor Appet it t , lit-1 ttlyic he s, doe to I. i rr.u Ac /</. A ?. 'A.h.o.i s 1 i-l)av Trial o?^ -r \4A:?t*!. DeKalb Pharmacy SPECIAL TAX NOTICE An A.: \va? passed at .as! session *' IyfC'.sinUire allowing: taxpayers in county ter. MO) years to pay t P.'.'PJ ar..i back taxes in installivnts of one-ter.th oath year pro\ .d? : they pay current year's taxes a h year before books close. This a;?p..? s to real estate and personal property only when listen! with real e?t a * ? . Personal p-op>erty taxes are in har.ds of Sheriff for collection as heretofore. Youts respectfully, S. W. HOG UK, Treasurer Kershaw County >*** *? ' * * ?.?* *? ' w>AM%V/yWYvvtii W (M\% ACTS SCSmil ". ?p GIVES EM Mo^ CURVES THAN THE L ytHUS PE MY GAS GIVES E/vA I THE MOST J \^REAM lines Sy Thi? sign identiflra the 30.000 Kaso Station* unci Dealer* from Maine to I,oui*iana who represent the aervice* and prtxJdct* xthe world'* leading <fll organisation. MOTOR TRAVEL INFORMATION FREE OF COST Your* (or (he inking at all Eaao Station* and Dealer*?"ESSO TOURS and DETOURS." Profuaely illuitrated. New every month. Contain* official map of current road construction ; vacation information; touring data; etc. Alto free individual road map*. These claims that gas, a car can change, Until its lines seem new and strange, Would make you think, (the owl observes) Mike Angelo transformed its curves! The most any motor fuel can do for your car is to enable it to do its best. Test Essolene and compare the results with those afforded by any other motor fuel. We say that Essolene guarantees smoother performance. We leave it to you to draw your own conclusions. Try a tankful today! [Essolube Motor Oil in the crank case enables Essoltne to do its best] AT REGULAR H GASOLINE PRICE Essolene Smoother Performance STANDARD OIL ^ Copr. 1934, Enao, Inc. COMPANY OF NEW JERSEY