The Camden chronicle. (Camden, S.C.) 1888-1981, January 09, 1920, Image 12
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frum uuothir plf*>
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?d.-ht hearing. attention to ""
complaining obedience to inMruetlonB
SilTofthe <?"??"' W|M 'T
of every nlllw ?nd boMI**' of 0,,r
Urn\Xmn!uH'ly many divisions did
IlM ^.fve r?*???)?llHlf** of
'
' ?\i complete preparation of
?< <??
fTn!w!r?f,io-i^.r.'.
u,?"t ?f iw??'s " '"""" ? '"t
v.iii n (Juriimit hiIHi'h 1'nty, M
ft. N''?r ""''".Twfe.IorD
nuiiiiiuiii ft. ? ????;
(nun ns f?r .? ,
?i*n>:ft nor , /" Ls.
? NlitwIft.tlllMlliiK 'I"""' ?lllw,1 1
on ft. wo.toru from. ???? "
gutii. I.J ?
..?i. -?>iut!" 8.;
orvrli>iftt?0 ft? "'"IP*0 of , "T.'
The following months, the Aus i i
*.vith German '?^,K,n,,,0 tU7'
Italians and broke through the 1 "??? ?
Osporetto, driving the Italian armies
hack to the Have river. Inflicting a la
of :UX).(MK) men. (HMUXX) rifles. .
i/iioh, and enormous stores. Ibis sell
orlBls ? th.
ten French and British divisions from
ilie western front to Italy. I he Ger
man situation on nil other theater* wn
?o favorable that an early as Novem
her they began the movement of divi
sions toward the westcrn front ir
needed, her divisions could be with
drawn from the Italian front btfor*
tht, French and British dared recaU
their divisions. -
M Ural the (illl." ?nLI hormy hon'
for ? livrtio American nrroy.
Jnffro during M? vl.lt to Am.rlcn Uud
made special request that a comba
division be sent at once to Kuropo as
visual evidence of our purpose to par- ,
tlrlppto actively In the war. and also
asked for engineer regiments aiitHothtr
.special service units.
The arrival of the first division and
lh. pnrinlcnf of lt? olement. In
Paris on July 4 caused great enthusi
asm and for the time being French
morale was stimulated. Still, allied
apprehension was deep-seated and am
terlal assistance was Imperative.
Outlook Qark for 1918.
A review of the situation showed
that with Russia out of the war the
central powers would be able to release
a large number of divisions for service
elsewhere, and that during the spring
and summer of 1018. without Intorfer
Ir.g with tUe status quo at Salon 1*1,
they could concentrate on the western
front a force much stronger than that
of the allies. In view of this It was
represented to the war department In
?December ns of the utmost Importance
that the allied preparations be expe
dited. ,,
My conclusion was that, although
the morale of the German people and
of the armies was better than It had
been for two years, only an untoward
combination of . circumstances could
give the enemy a decisive victory be
fore American support ns recommend
ed could be made effective, provided
the allies secured unity of ac^"*
However, a situation might arise which
w|)uld necessitate the temporary use of
ell American troops In the units of our
allies for the defensive, but nothing In
the situation Justified the relinquish
ment of our flriu purpose to form our
own army under our own flag.
1 While the Germans were practicing
for open warfare and concentrating
their most aggressive personnel In
shock divisions, the training of the
allies was still limited to trench war
fare. As our troops were being trained
for open warfare, there was every rea
son why we could not allow them to be
scattered among our allies, even by di
visions. much less us replacements, ex
cept by pressure of sheer necessity.
Any sort of permanent unuvlgamntlon
would irrev oca hi y commit America's
fortunes to the hands of the allies.
Moreover, it was obvious that the lack
of homogeneity would render these
mixed divisions difficult to maneuver
,,n,l n|ti)..<t certain to break up under
stress ,.f d<*ieat. with the consequent
mutual i en in nut Ion.
Again, tlieie was no doubt that the
real I/'at loi? !?> tl.. iiei man people that
independent \t;ierlcnn divisions, corps,
or armies w'Te In the Meld with deter
mine.) purpose would be n severe blow
to German i.e rale and prestige. It was
iiI.so certain that an early appearance
of the larger American units on the
front would be most beneficial to the
morale of the allies themselves.
Accord ugly, the first division, on
Jan. 11). '.'.'IN. took over a sector north
of Toui: the twenty-sixth division went
to the Solssons front early In Febru
ary; the forty-second division entered
th*1 line near Lunevllle. Feb. 21. nnd
c. i ninl ?lu ?Verdun
March !V Meanwhile, the first army
? ?orps headquarters. Major Gen. Hunter
I. ntett commanding, was oriran'red at
NeulcJ.ateau on .Ian 20. and the plan
to create an Independent American set
tor on the Lorraine front wa?? taking
-<h a pe.
This was the situation when the
grent Oerrnnn offensive was launched
lift Mnrch 'J1 101H
Figured on 21 Divisions.
Tho vvnr r? m?*nt planner! ??
enrlv .lu!v. I * ? 17 to son<l to Fmnoe
by .lunt- IT) 1H1S t wt?nt.v-one divisions
of thr thrn Rtrrntrth of 20(*?) m?*n !
??nrlt mtrrthiT with nnxlllnry nn?; re- 1
placement troops making n to?al of '
Kom?> Qnwxi impii While the number* ?
fell ?hort <>f niv rpromin?>inl)itlon of
July. -6- 11' 11 , u.ii~U li At .
lenst l.OOO.cMt mt*n hy Mny. IftlA it
*houW! he horn** In m'ml that the
main factor in tho prohlem was the
amount of shipping to become avail
able for military l??nx>w?. in which
muff be included tonnage required to
mtpply the allle* with steel coal and
foiml , ..
On fHN? 2 MM7 Mn PH,I,,U,U' of f"f
(Mtunrfcrn was ro ?im- w?> fteoart*
men! the fnllowlna re?-omiiienda
tlon:
/
? -in vew of fhe^e condition* It *n
nf Mm* Utmost Importance to f!??? all'?d
rnnitc tIih< we move swiftly- The
minimum number of troop* we "honld
Ulan to hwve In Frame l?v the end of
.1 ?in-> '* "army ''orpM'jrtf iwent.V'fotir
itlvttftm'iB in addition to troop* for
lee nf rhe rear This flgure Ik giv?{?
m the h>wei?t"we should ill lull of an4
m placed no higher because the limit
of iiviilhihle transportation would uot
veem m warrant It.
"A study of transportation faclU
lie# shows sulllcieni American ton
uajse to brum over this number o*
troops, hut to do so there must be #
reduction iu the tonnage allotted to
other thai) army needs. The use of
?hipping for commercial purposes
roust he curtailed aa much as po???l
ble. The alMes are very weak and
we must come to their relief this year.
11)18. The year after may l>e too laie.
It Is very doubtful If they can hold
on until 1010 unless we give them a
lot of support this year. It Is there
fore strongly recommended that a
complete readjustment of transporta
tion be made ami that the needs of
the war department as set forth above
be regarded as immediate."
In tho latter part of January Joint
note No. 12. presented by the military
representatives with the supreme war
council, was approved by the council.
This note concluded that France would
be safe during 1918 only under certain
conditions, namely:
"That the strength of the British
and French troops In Frahce are con
tinuously kept up to their present
total strength and that they receive
the expected re-enforcements of not
less than two American divisions per
month."
Tho first German offensive of 1018.
beginning March SI, overran all re
sistance during the Initial period of
the attack. Tho offensive made such
Inroads upon French and British re
serves that defeat stored them In the
face unless the new American troops
should prove more Immediately
available than even tho most optimis
tic had dared to hope. On March
27 the military representatives with
the supreme war council prepared
their Joint note No. 18. This note re
peated the previously quoted state
ment from Joint . note No. 12, nnd
continued:
c "Tho battle which Is developing at
the present moment In France, and
which can extend to the other thea
ters of operations, may very quickly
place the allied armies In a serious
situation from tho point of view of ef
fectives.' ?
"The military representatives are of
the opinion that It Is highly desirable
that tho American government should
assist the allied armies as soon as
possible by permitting In principle the
temporary service of American units
In allied army corps nnd divisions.
Such re-enforcement* must, however,
be obtained from other units-thnn
those American divisions which are
now operating with the French, nnd
the units so temporarily employed must
eventually bo returned to the Ameri
can army.
"The military representatives are of
the opinion that from the present time.
In execution of the foregoing, and un
til otherwise directed by the supreme
war council, only American Infantry
nnd machine gun units, organized as
that government may decide, be
brought to France, and that all agree
ments or conventions hitherto made In
conflict with this decision bo modified
accordingly."
Planned an American Army.
The secretary of war, who was in
France at the time; General Bliss, the
American military representative with
the supreme war council, and I at Once
conferred on the terms of this note,
with the result thnt the secretary reo
ommended to the president thnt Joint
note No. 18 be approved In tho follow
ing sense: i
"The purpose of the American gov
ernment Is to render the fullest co
operation nnd aid. and therefore the
recommendation of the military rep
resentatives with regard to the pref
erential transportation of American
Infantry and machine gun units In
the present emergency is approved.
Such units, when transported, will be
under the direction of the command
er In chief of the American expedi
tionary forces, and will be assigned
for training and use by him In his dis
cretion. lie will use these and all
other military forces of tho United
States under his command In such
manner as to render the greatest mill- ?
tary assistance, keeping In mind nl
ways the determination of this go^
ernment to hnve Its varied inllltnry
forces collected ns speedily as their
training nnd tbe military sltuntlon per
mits. Into an Independent Amerlenn
army. j? <-t 1 n In concert with the
armies of Great Britain nnd France,
and nil arrangements made by him
for their temporary training and
service will be made with thai end In
British Losses Heavy.
Tho hattlo lino in tho vicinity of
Am Ions Inid hardly stabilized when,
on April tho (?ermnns made anoth
or art a<*k against rho Brit
ish lino* on a front of some 40 kilo
motor* in tho vlrlnlty of ArtnenM^re*
and along the Lys river. A? a remit
of being Included In a ?allpnt form
ed by ttm~<irmowm wdvwnr'e t*w?wh??iv'
daole rlrlzo the raptnro of ivhloh ha<1
ro*t *o dourly In 1M17 was evacuated
hy tho llrltlxh on April 17
Tho Iohkob had been honw and tho
British were unable to replace them
entirely. They were, therefore. m?k.
lug extraordinary efforts to Increase
the shipping iflllnhll f?r our troope
On April 41 I went to London to
Hear up certain questions concerning
the tote of shipment and to reach the
furtner agreement provided for In thn
April 7 conference. The result of thih
|,<>ndon agreement WH8 cabled to
Wellington April 24. aa follows:
-Thai only th?> infantry, inm-hlne
uuns engineers and nlgnal troops of
American division* ami brigade* n*
jMtnt re .* 'a British and Aoierjcan
1111? 11111;* fftyrlOfH May f<?r intlnlng ami
?urvlce with 'he British nnuy to
KrHiu c "up to sis division* and that
Miiy shipping In excess of that re
quired for these troop* he utilised *.o
transport troops necessary to make
these division* complete.
"That the American personnel of
the artillery of these divisions and
such corps troops tip tony he required
to hulld up American corps organlza
tlons follow1 Immediately thereafter,
end that American artillery personnel
be trained with. French material ami
Join Its proper divisions as soon as
thoroughly tralued.
"That It Is contemplated American
divisions and corps when trained aud
organised shall he utilized under the
American commander in chief In an
American group,
"That the American commander In
chief shall allot American troops to
the French or Brltlph for training or
train them with American units at his
discretion, .with the understanding
that troops already transported by
British shipping or Included In the six
divisions mentioned are to be trained
with the British army/*
At a meeting of the supreme war
council held at Abbeville May 1 and
2, an urgent appeal came from both
French and Italian representative? for
American replacements or units to
serve with their armies. The follow
ing agreement was reuched, commit
ting the council to an Independent
American army and providing for the
Immediate shipment" of certain troops:
Under American Flag,
"It Is tho opinion of the supreme
war council that, in order to carry the
war to a successful conclusion, nn
American army should be formed aa
early as possible under Its own flag.
In order to meet the present emer
gency It is agreed thnt American
troops should be brought to France
as rapidly as allied transportation fa
cilities will permit, and that, as far as
consistent with the necessity of build
ing up an American army, preference
wlll'.be given to Infantry and machine
gun units for training and service
with French and British armies."
The next offensive of the enemy was
made between the Olse and Berry-ati
Bac against the French Instead of
against the British, as was generally
expected, and It came as a complete
surprise. . Tho Initial Alsne attack,
covering a front of thlrty-flve kilo
meters, met With remarkable success,
as the German armies advanced no less
than fifty kilometers In four days. On
reaching tho Marne that river was
used as a defensive flank and the Ger
man advance was directly towards
Paris. During the first days of June
something akin to a panic seized the
city, and it was estimated that 1,000.000
people left during the spring of 191S.
Such extensive priority had already
been given to the transport of *Amerl
can Infantry and machine gunners that
the troops of those categories which
had received'even partial training In
the United States were practically ex
hausted. Moreover, the strain on our
services of supply made It essential
that early relief be afforded by Increas
ing Its personnel. The final agreement
was cablod to the war department on
June 0. as follows:
"The following recommendations ore
made on the assumption that at least
250,000 men can be transported In each
of the months of June and July by the
employment of combined British and
American tonunge. We recommend :
"For the month of June: Absolute
priority shall be given to the trans
portation of 170,000 combatant troops,
25,400 men for the service of the rail
ways, the balance to be troops of
categories to be determined by the
commander-in-chief, American expedi
tionary forces.
"For the month of July: Absolute
priority for the shipment of 140.000
combatant troops, the balance to con
sist of troops to be designated by the
commnuder-lnchlef, Araeflcan expedi
tionary forces,
"We recognize that the combatant
troops to be dispatched In July may
have to Include troops which have had
Insufficient training, but we consider
the present emergency Is such as to
Justify a temporary and exceptional
departure by the United States from
sound principles of training, especially
as a similar course Is being followed
by France and Great Britain.
"SlRnad FOCII.
"MFLNER.
"PERSHING."
(< '<>ntinued next wivk I
Marriage.
Married on Sunday la<?t. January 1th.
19'JO, by Hev. M M. Benson. Mr. Kd
^?r Wellington Young nnd Miss Kthel
Leon Turner, of Camden.
Some time a*o we su.nrt.-d UuW th**
? 'amdon Furniture tV*m?any way faetorj
liMtributorx for ?'ho famous H*dlett and
.)avb* pia>n<> It haw been said that they
"ia ve <Ttf th?-ir HoonTa puuio of the same
n&ivt'.tliat -given pltia.ur?i ta gtnara
ion.H f?.r over 7* yearx. They hwite the
:>uh ie to drop hi and let their represen
tative tell you mtmething remarkable
? ix>ut it.?adv.
MUtOK Olive libitum*, Wilbur
UUi, Itfli.liHli l>el***ahe, Neucy l.uutxev,
iuti i'Juru UuretoS left Mouday nun
HH(|| f? r "'VitYfcljrrOfl College to lr>inm
I'll.*) MtlldtOH.
THE HIGHEST HIGHWAY IN THE
WORLD.
P'KK'S j'KAK Ik. without question,
the inosi -talked-of. iiioMi-written
ttbOUl iiihI consequently most'famous
mounraln in America, Fittingly In
deed lins It fjilleu lielr to tin' mime
"Monument of the Continent," for It
hus played un Important part In the
history and romance of our fiificlna't*.
ing uihI wondeitful West. Now Itx Im
portance as a lumliuark. situated on
the dividing line between the great
plains on the east and the mountain
kingdom on the west, has been fur
ther Increased, because of the ability
of the public to ascend it comfortably
and quickly aud enjoy the panoramic
view of Ave or six states which is via
ible from its snow-clad summit, 14,100
feet high.
The most marvelous highway build
ing achievement of the age Is the con
struction of an automobile highway
from Colorado Springs and Manltou to
the summit of this peak. The fearless
thought that conceived and the daring
which executed the work of bnlMHng
this, the highest highway In the world,
absolutely stun the average Individual.
It Is about 10 miles long, from $0 to 80
feet wide, smooth as a boulevard, and
has a maximum grade of 10V4 per cent.
While this serpentine road turns
and twists and winds and zigzags up,
to an elevation seldom reached In this
world under any circumstances, the
visitor is treated to indescribable
views of Illimitable space and Into Im
measjirable^depths and receives a se
ries of new thrills and sensations.
Looking up. one may see cars moving
In opposite directions on different lev
els of this road, yet both are going the
same way?up.
PERSONAL MENTION.
Read the Liberty Motor Sales Tire
Ad wmJ tfftve smne ?u?ney.
MUi KiK'ttiMM HWUwortti of Alabama
wvw Vkw week eml gutvt of Mi?< Mdna
Tt Mill
Mr. II. W. MKJreight, of Golutnibia.
was * visit..i in Oantden the i>a?t week.
Mr. Jtdro NeNon. after upending wine
time In Oanvden. ha# returned to We*t.
I'oilll.
Sheriff Urover C. \Voh?h. of Catndeu.
snciit Suuday ia Dbe clty.~~I./iinec?e?
News.
Miww Waduic Dellc Mackey.
i<ewi? nod Loree Truoadale have roiuru
ed to Ooker <V>Ilege.
Mite* WIMe JeflVn ha* returned to
<\nnden ami ha* a poottiou with the
I'atfi Grocery Store.
Mr. Clarouco Dunn spent several <uiy?
t'his week wdrtlh tola brother l>r. Ralph
Dujyn of Riktomond, v?.
Hits MKeti Hull of OJiemw tvaa ueen
t he gucdt of M1mc? tfed and -Mariou Wat
kin* for the patot (two weeks.
Mlm Eva Warren, of NorfoMc, V*., la
the fueot t1ii? week ol MUw Lola VVil *
fi Hit Iks ait ttoe Parle View Inn.
Mm. Robert Hope and Mrs. John
Steele of Rook Hill were guesrta of
Miu. Ileury TrweedaJe laxt week.
M4hh FHijsabeth Cttirriwon ha? returned
t<? Columbia UnlvowAty from which lu
st i tut uw she wAU graxluaite in June.
Mm. AuhUu CuofXjT, of IVmtiae \
returned to her huwe after a vl^
b??r ?l*ter Mm U, B. ItofV in thi? ,1ly
Mlweti Sara Wolfo ami Uo*?t(l* )r.
f0 hack it'o Coiu'Iut, Hn'tiimnv, ? .h1 ^
Knitter SdlklowburK .to <\?iiv<m (5^1
Mph, M. H. lltuWll uf ('har!<>K,tot
boeji vfaKiuff honie of her
Mr. Hun.vnl Had*** 11 but lwt? returned
Mr. W, J. ltUfliw and <kaiVKfl>N'i* )u,
Vda and Ileleu liave returned in,,,
two week" viflt to retatlvea In o
town.
M!s*o? Miotic Herbert and TC'm %
have returned to Flora
SprliwK. N. 0.. after Hpemllnjc tU? ^
dr.yw a t hwroe.
? Houtflan Fairbanks in a now feat
at ph? Mlajetrtlc today "Ilk Maja
th^lmerloan/1 ? '
ffir. Ne-ttle# UiUhnuy Attended *
end houee party a-t Health wood. the *
tlful Ihhuo of Mr. and Mra. Cham
Hoaith )a?t wee*, r *
Mr R. O, McOreijfht o4 WasbUfct
D. 0., an old Camden boy, bat )
spending the we?A in Camden
friends arid relative*.
' J. 6. Hyabt, of Camden, has purcfci
Ulie Mw. Lydia Jotxe* lAicc at Autfc
aud bfta mov?d wiHi his fanvtty to
place.?Lancaster Now*
After *?peiklkttf iflte OhrUtmaa U>114
ait home Mr. Norroan Huckafcee left
Monklay to rewume 'Me atudies at
Uxvlverpilty of Sooth Caroftna.
?y 'BQ^iT^kd a jXafcttngwtil 1 baa arrival
Camden fior tibe winter. Marring
IxHt oeaeon in France Mim b
wa.b greatly miftsed In the winter oofc
Mrw, A. J. Alexander and attract
daughter Mtas Motile and little m
3. of Ofrarleaton ?pe?jt CbrtetmaAi betid
wiit.h Mrs. Belle am (I Miss Bailie A
a ruler.
MisA Krncstiine Batfeman after reu
ing from DosMdinee, Iowa, where
attended the Interiraitftmal Student-,
ferenco was gnaivted ? few days eg
hoiHd'aiy by Coker College Which she.
wAtJh her mother.
Fine Metals Have
. ? t . \J ??. ' %/ ; . - . . ..
Given Maxwell its Rank
TH E very substance of which a car is made
denotes its quality ;?and the use of fine and
strong metals in the Maxwell has won it
many, many friends.
'9 *
It was necessary to make the Maxwell chassis
of the very best materials. For its great mission
was to transport?/)/ an extremely economical way?
as great a passenger load over the same road and at
the same speed as the larger and Jieavier cars.
Thus it was obvious that the Maxwell had to be
light. And to make it light the_quality metals -
were used.
Metallurgists, the men who have made the
study of metals a science, say that it compares
favorably pound .for pound with the highest priced
cars the world has produced. ,
But you need not be a metallurgist to discover
this 4'inner goodness'' in a Maxwell. Three months
will tell; six months will tell you more.
Otherwise Maxwell in ^ve short years would
never have grown from a production of 5,000 a
year to 100,000 a year. ?
300,000 Maxwells on the highways of the world
today answer most any question you can ask about
this great car. Price, $985vf. o. b. Detroit.
Carolina Motor Co., Inc.
Camden, S. C.