University of South Carolina Libraries
E GOO OUR NATIVE LAND. v NO. as mach fifty carrier Cir^a is lure barges, so is a for. there is . The irai proposes to baige?, iorTHL\ GENERAL. mis of Interest to Every One. panes" 'Tia True, Bat Tlieee iem* Show Industry and Progress. are being made to revive the Home in So'ith Carolina. South Carolina Legislature will i in one month. eak. was the lirst Socthrrn ci'y to ;h electricity. fronts are reported at Greenville, d ks in a few sections. _ resbyteri.m Synod of Virgicii t Petersburg last week, 200 dele ting present. Inter State Road Con rilicocvene a! Memphis Tens.. h (i annual meeting of the 'Association ic Army of Norther i Virginia was n the hall of the House of Dele fat Richmond Wednesday. Belie Rives Chandler is fond of j Brian exercise and is quite at h- r an the siddie. She may be often 1 ! riding into Richmond from her j try home. fis reported that, bears are numeroiis e upper part of the Dismal Swamp, ? are_ giving farmers considerable ible, ravaging ccra Selds and killing Dg stock. fcenansville Hotel, K. A. Famor's pence, II. B. Kornegay's law ce and a vacint i.torc were destroyed fire at Kenansviile, Duplin county, X. Saturday night. HL very useful gifl to th? Washington H L e University. iocatcd at Ltxin? L Va , has just been made by the bat New York lawyer. David Dudley] bid, and consists of bis cnti e and val-j ible Library, numbering over 1,000 vol pes [Talk of the propose! $500/ 00 cottoa: jock mill at Cotooibia, S. C , is agihj ieiog revived. Tn^ stockholders of th i (olumbia Water Power Company htld * >eeting recently, bnt nothing definite cncerning the project T.-!is m-idc public. I The estimates of the lighthouse board pbr the next fiscal year have been sub mitted to the SecrcUryNL the Treasury, *nd the following are aruohg the spccul lestiwates for new work: Cape Fear Sta tion, N. C\, $150,060; Cape Lookout ! lightship. N. C.. $70, 000; HiHboro Inlet Station. Fla,, $90,000; Hog Island tioo, Va. , |125,0<)0. Pat Calhoun, president of the Por* Royai (S C.) Land Company, has gone to that place "with L. S. B-.-ckwith, of New York, and Ernest Bigland, of Lon don, both of whom are interested in the company. Some extensive developments arc tr be made, aid it is understood that i thi* visit is for the purpose of dctermin I ing what shaii done and when it will commence. Ford's Hotel, Richmond, Va.? caught fire from the boiler room at 11 o'clock Wednesday night and came near being destroyed. The flames were, however, extinguished afttr damage had been done to the amount of $10,000 to $15,000. There was something of a panic among the guests and tfcree ladies were carries.! out unconscious, but all the other guests escaped injury. _The Georgia experimental station jis carrjing on an interesting scries of ex - j periments on a now process of curing to- j taec^by heat. The leaves are plucked from fHe plant as they mature and then are cured. Another experiment, and one jrhich is attracting much interest, is I th&'manufacture of cream cheese. This Jartter work is done under an Oh:o man who is thoroughly familiar with thapri cesses. Fa'raen; and others desiring in formation on th? subject can go to the station and botb watch and help during the operation. Destruction of a Town by Religious Fanatics. El P^so, Texas. ? News has 1 cached here o? the total destruction of a whole town and his people in Western Chi huahua, Mexico, and of the killing; of about three hundred Federal troops. Dispatches have told the story of relig ious fanaticism which prevciled in the town of Tomocuie. situatsd in the moun tains. about three hundred miles we?t of the city ?f Chihuahua. Federal troops have been sent out there twice to cm pel submission to the authorities, but each time the troops have been worsted. The third time a full icgiment war $ent out uuder what was considered a compe tent officer aid accompanied bjjtwo GatliDg guns. The result of the"*0*ttle ?which was fought last Saturday, was the total annihilation of the rebels ani the killing of more than thre?i hundred Fed eral soldiers scat to^ uphold the authori ties. Such is the report that comes here, but experience proves that much-news from the interior of our sister repu 'lid is greativ exaggerated. SHE ADVOCATES DYNAMITE. Miss Cozens 'Ihinks Explosives HEght Promoto Woman "Suffrage. ? -jr~ ? . i [ t~ Losdo^, England ?Miss Coze*?, a well-known advocate of woro*n suffrage, said at a meeting of the Woman's Eman cipation Udsou that women coild go! oa talking until ;he cxack of doom without getting redress from the injustice t nder which they seffer. The time had :ome for them to do saraeflfing desperate. Women, she declared, had dynamiti at their disposal. . Several present app aud cd the sentiment When question >1 as to whether she was serious in her Refer ence to the use of djnamite Miss Cozens replied that she was, if through other me-.r.s womer failed to obtain their ifree | dom. Jrionaa Uranges for Jtnglarct. W. L. Smith, representing E. L. ijuod | aell, of New York, has arrived in ^ack ! sonviile, F!a.r to attend to securingj the oranges which wi.l he exported toiEng land oa November 15. Thus far J4750 boxes have baen pledged &nd each day brings in mote. 12.000 boxes is the | minimum number required. but Mr. Smith thinks that before s?iiing time he j will have secured over 15,000 boxes, j The steamer Ethelwold has been secured for the trip and is especia ly equipped for such work, having been fitted up ?<}r the j Mediterranean fruit trade. She has been telegraphed for and will arrive at Fern andina on November 10 or 11. J i i - The temperature of Norway trarie | little, and statistics show that the aver s i age duration of lif? there is greatei than * in any other part of the world. ' t TOM DIXON'S BIRDS COME HIGH. Belmonico Would Have Furnished Them Cheaper? 31 Robins at $115. j New York. ? Kev. Thomas Dixon. j Jr., paster of the Lexington Avenue ; Baptist Church, and who every Sunday ; j! preaches in the Young Men's Christian 1 Association hall at Twenty-tbi:d street! and Fourth avenu1, has had an c-ncoun- j tcr with the law in which he did not j fare as we'll as in his recent indictment | for aileged libel. The thrifty borough j ; of Stateu Island has also been enriched j by $11-5, which the reverend gentleman j . Left behind much against his will. I Mr. Dixon is fond of shooting, so on ! Tncsday afternoon he hied himself aw <y j to Grasmere, S. I., with his colored j : v.?lct. a double barreled shotgun and a ; ! canvas bag. When the pleasant after- ! noon hours, had waned the canvas bag ! cmtainedlhirtv one robins as proof of the reverend gentleman's unerring aim The valet threw the bag over his back, a:id Mr. Dixon, with his gun on his l >ho Ider and a feeling of having spen! j his outing ia a thoroughly proper man- j ner, made his way back to St. George to take a boat for thiscit". In the depot, however,. stood an in quisitive game inspector, John E. Lisk t.y name. As he is entitled, under the .. law, to one half of the fines imposed upon persons breaking the game laws, Inspect or Li-k deci ied to look into the big car ried by the clergyman's valet The re sult was tbst the clerical huntsman and his man were arraigned before Justice Ackers. There the robins were dumped out on the floor and counted with great gusto by the inspector. At $o each Mr. Dixon was fined $115. The clergyman expostulated, but with out avail. The law was pointed out to him, and although be had broken it un kn -wingly he was none the less guilty. As he did not have the amount of money required with him Jostice Ackers accepts ed a blank check drawn on the Colonial Bank of this city. Then the minister, valet, shotgun and bag* minus the robins, returned to the city. AROUND THE HOUSE. To make awning3 waterproof, immerse first in a solution of soap, and repeat the process in a copper solution of equal strength ; then wash and dry. x-' If the windows are washed every two weeks in winter and summer they will always keep bright. The best way to see to this is to have a certain day set apart for sweeping and washing windows, and divide up the windows in the rooms oecupied, washing half o? them eaeh week alternately. If there are outside blinds to the house, these should be kept thoroughly dusted. "Whore such blinds are closed, as they are in summer, they collect the dust rapidly and become a fruitful cause of dirty windows. It is a matter of congratulatiocMhat the out eide window blind is passing out of use. Where awnings are used, thoy serve to shade the window a^ well as the outside blind did, while they allow the free in gress of air. The inside window-shut ter. for that matter, is very little used, snd, with its box-case, serves chiefly to draw (ftst to itself. While the house is uninhabited it is brou^it into use as a protection to the win<^v ; but a stout Hoarding would serve the purpose better, would be of lc3S expense to the house holder, and not as complicated an ar rangement. It should be the object of a modern builder to do away with all nooks and crannies where that known enemy to public health, dust, may j lurk. In washing windows, if one ob- ! jects to the use of whiting because of the ; infinitesimal powder it might give of [ (and in the hands of a careless servant j this might be a serious objection), a ! tablespoonful of turpentine dissolved in half a gallon of water will give wonder ful results in the way of polishing. It should be applied with a damp chamois j and polished oft with a dry one. \ Attacking the Georgia Railroad Com- : mission. The United States Exprss Co. has tiled j a bill in the United States Circuit Court at Atlanta asking for an injunction t* ! prevent the Georgia railroad commissic,' I from interfering with its business. The company charges the commission with acting unconstituti -nally on numerous grounds. It has a contract with the j Chattanooga, Rr-me <fc Columbus Rail road for forwarding its express matter with a guarantee t > the road of at least \ $1,00# per month. This suir the express f company states hits never been earned, ! and its bu ines? has been carried on at a loss. The commission recently issued I orders reducing thc/company's rates 20 ! per cent . which the company holds will ! cause it grc<t loss, and adds that it is the purpose of the commission to harass it with a number f-f suits and prosecution. When the railroad commissions under took to control joint express rates, the j United States Express Co. refused to pay any a'tention t ?> the board's rules. The couamissionjthen brought ^uit in Floyd county superior court for 15.000 against the company. This suit was removed to the United States court at Atlanta, and is st 11 pending. To prevent it from go i-og any further the express company asks for injunction. iiaises Her Own Tea. [From the Florida Dispatch.] Mrs. Inerease Sumner, pfSiarke, Brad ford comity, raises nor ovn tea, and has treated hex guests to cups of the home made beverage, which was pronounced delicious. She says -that owing to rapid growth she has to cut off the bushes every three or four years, while in China this is dose only once in seven years. She gathers three crops st year. The finest tea costs $15 a pound, but will not stand a sea voyage, and never gets fur ther than Russia, but her bushes furnish J it to her for the picking. Great Slaughter of the Dahomeyans. Paris, Fbance.? Details from Porte j i Novo of the lir^t e gageuient with the i | Dahomeyens show the immense amount t of execution done by the Lebel rifle, and ; account for the extraordinary slaughter { of the natives as contrasted with the j slight loss to the French. Even the larg ! est trees appear to have aflcred no pro ! tection to those who sought shelter be i hind them. The President's Pardon. ; WamiinuTON, D. C? P:esident Har- i rio n has pardoned Marshall ft heeler, ? colore d, convicted in' South Carolina of i carrying on business as a retail liquor dealer withou; having paid the tax. He j nas sentenced Aug. 18, 1892, to six' months' imprisonment in York county : j ;i!. The jail physician, sheriff and district . attorney recommended the ! pardon issue. : . ? ?* - POLITICAL WORLD. J Candidates, Conventions. Nomina | tions, Elections. All the News of Poltical Movements i of the Four Parties. Senator Hillsp^ke in Lynchburg, Va.. last week. i T-? I Robt. T. Lincoln. Minister to England, ! has been addressing Republican audi ences in Indiana and Illinois. Gen. A. E. Stevenson visited Ex- I President Cleveland in New York Wed I nesday. Democrats and Republicans had rival proccssioos in Indianapolis Monday night. The new apportionment of Wisconsin, as adopted by the Democratic caucus, with the exception of one district, has passed bo'.h Houses. The People's party held a big rally in Cooper Union. New York City, last week. Henry A. Hicks, their candidate for Mayor; Dr. McGlynn and T. V. Pow derly, of the K. of L., addressed the audience. The Georgia Legislature met and or ganized at Atlanta Tuesday. W. Y. Atkinson, of Coweta, the chairman of the Democratic State Executive Committee, was elected speiker of the House, all other candidates having withdrawn. The latest political sensation in Kansas i* a story of an alleged plot to assassinate Congressman Jerry Simpson, and the People's party will furnish him with a body guard. Late News Items. It is probable that Senor Castellar, Spain's accomplished and eloquent prime minister, will be the orator on Ceremo nial Day, when the Columb an Exposi tion throws its gates open to the world. Andrew Stephens, a full cousin of Hon. Alexander H. Stephens, late Vice President of the Confederacy and last of the grandso s of Captain Alexander Ste phens, who was with Brad dock in his memorable march against Ft. Duquesne, died at his h >me in Newport Saturday. Governor Holt has appointed Rich mond Pear-on. of Asheville, local vice president for North Carolina of the Na tional League for Good Roads. Mr. Pearson will r present the State "at the rational convention at Washington City #next month. The league was formed at Chicago week before last. On November 14 the Carolina State Fair will open at Columbia, S. C A number of exhibits have been promised, among them a iar^e entry of cattle and horses, and alsO one by Loring Brown of the poultry for which he is so well known in the South. Arrange ments have been made for five performances of Paine's "P:uis, from the Empire to the Com mune," in which some 300 persons will take part Several racing purses have bee i subscribed, and tho city merchants expect t > rai-se another of $1,000. THE CRUISERS WILL BE THERE. > And the Bombardment of Fort Sumte Will Ba a Big Success. Charleston, S. C\ ? News has be;n received here from the navy yards at New York that the warships Vesuvius and Dolphin have sailed from that place for Charleston It is also stated that the cruiser, Chicago, the Concord and the Kear.-arge. now at La Guayra, have been ordered to Charleston to t.ke partiu the festivities cf the gal* week. The Dolphin and Vesuvius will arrive at this port, on Sun -ay and the thre^ ships fro :>|L,a(? tavra onjMonday or Tues day. This will make a fleet of five war vessels to t:ike part in the pyrotechnic bombardment of Fort Sumter besides seven tug boats and six land batteries. The new Fort Sumter is being construct ed within a stone's throw of the wharves of the city. Every steam r and tug in I the harbor has been engaged for the oc casion, an i the committee in charge of I the work has t-peut over $3.0 JO for pyro i technic bombs alone. Advices from all parts of the M-atc iudica ev. that the at ! teudance of visitor from al\l parlB of the ( South wi'l be enormous Cowards in the Park. "I was in the British army when 9 young maD," said an Englishman the other day, " and was stationed for som? time in India. Our Colonel, an ol<? campaigner who had won his spur id the Crimea, becamc involved in a diffi culty with a fellow officer, and a doei was the result. The Colonel, being the challenged party, selected pistols as thf weapons and electcd that the affaii should occur in a darkened room. Wf ; secured a room twenty feet square, closec ! every crevice that would admit light placed our men in corncrs diagonally op r posifc and withdrew. Each man wa? prov&ed with three charges and wher these were exhausted we rushed in tc gather up the mutilated remains. Each | man stood ercct and soldier-like in thf ; corner untouched, but directly behinc ! the heid of the Colonel's opponent wer* | the three bullet hole;, made by tin ? Colonel's pistol. 'Hew is this'? said > grizzled old Major. 'Had you beei | standing here when those sgots weri fired you would have been killed.' Thf culprit was compelled to admit that h? bad dropped to one knee. 'You ate i coward, sir, and unfit for the company of soldiers aflfcl gentlemen,' snorted th< Major. 'Hold on, Major,7 said thi Colonel. vIt is <t stand off. WJiile hi was on his knees in one cwner I was my stomach in the other.' ? New York Dispatch. limparor William's (J^et liilis Him s If. Beui.in, Germ any. ? I.ouis Gaidan. a native ( f Nunc* ;ind ate chef in Emper j or William'2 kitthya, commuted suicide j ai the street on .Monday. j Gaidan hud tra^ell d everywhere with [ the Emperor for many years and had 1 amassed a comfortable fortune. From ; the loss of his money through the failure of the bank in which it was deposited, [ he is. supposed 'o have become in one. f dtal .fc'ignt m a Barroom. Richmond, Va. ? A difficulty occurred at night in the barroom of .T. M. Ryan, at the corner of Catv and L'nden streets, between .fames Ry.'.n and John W. Rice. Rice struck Ryan with a walking cane, when the latter took up the stick from him and inflicted a blow from which Rice died in the morning. Ryan was arreste 1 aud louged in jail. Rice was a blacksmith, and h been drinking. He ? I leaves a w fe and four children. Ryan is 19 years old and unmarried. THE FARM AND GARDEN. TO GET KID OF HOLES. It is advised ia the American Floriafc :o get rid of mole3 as follows: Knock off the rosin from a ball of potash, pul verize the potash, make openings in the runs, drop ia a tablespoofui of the pot- ; ish and cover the opening with a flat j stone. I tried it and the moles disap- | peared in a few days. ? Ball potash is rery caas'.ic and must be handled with caution tl*avoid injury to the one using it. WHEN BCYIXO FERTILIZERS. Farmers should bear ia mind that the "commercial valuation" is uot the oaly thiag to be takea into consideration in buying a fertilizer, says the Rhode Isl and Station. To illustrate: Suppose that the crop and soil demand largely phosphoric acid and potash and little nitrogen, then a fertilizer with a high percentage of nitrogen, but low in the Other elements, would be of little value to the farmer, however high" its com mercial value might be.\ The question is not how many pounds of fertilizer for the money, but bow much potash, phos phoric acid and nitrogen and their form. This question involves in a great meas ure the profits and losses in New Eng land farming. ? New York World. PACKING EUTIER FOR WINTER. Butter to keep well must be well made, that is the buttermilk well worked out and a full ounce of pure salt worked into each pound of butter. Ii packed in tubs see that they aire clean, first scalded with hot water and then washed with cold. Pack the buitef as made and keep each layer covered with a cloth and salt until the next one is added. Fill the tub within one inch of the top, then sprinkle on a little salt, cover with a cloth, and tuck in the edge3 all around next to the tub, then cover with a half inch of salt, put on the cover sad set away ia a cool, dry cellar. No vege tables or fruits should bs stored in a cellar where butter is to be kept, because they are very likely to exhale odor* that will be absorbed by the butter, even if the butter is kept ia a close vessel.-? New York Sun. CARE OF WORK HORSES XT NOON. When work horses are brought in at noontime, the harness should be re moved the sweat wiped off and the brush and curry comb freely used. The shoulders should be washed if they are sweaty or sore. Before starting work the sore shoulders may be softened with fcastor oil. Do not- water the horse3 while warm, aor feed theaa grain. Both at nooa and at night the horses should be watered previous to feeding grain. The stomach will thea be in better con "dition for the assimilation ot solid food. Jf obliged to give a short hour at noon give a -larger ration of grain, or what is still better cut the hay into half inch lengths and a Id the usual quantity of ground feed, sprinkle^] with water, and thoroughly mix. This ban be eaten tap idly, end will digest more readily than {when fed separately in the dry, dusty (state. ? American Agriculturist. HOW LO KILL HROSH AND BRL.VRS. ! To farmers who live in timbered re gion this question is an interesting prob lem. There is a theory with some, 'who ought to know, that there is a day, with the moon in right quarter and the sign of Zodiac in the right place, that a tree or shrub should be cut to kill it >root a>jd branch. All this sounds well enough to them, but ycirs of experience has failed to verify sucb theories. A. sapling may be cut in the winter that will never sprout, and it may be cut in the light of the moon in August, when the sign is in the heart, and sprouts will appear abundantly. We cut brush every day in the year, and some will die no matter when they were cut, and some will not die. If sprouting is done twice a year, say June and August, for two or three years, no sprouts will appear the next year unless it be sassafras or post oak runners, The whole secret of killing, other than grubbing, seems to be in sap pois oning. The, sap must sour, which kills j the roots. Hence some practice cutting j the stumps a foot or more in heigth. An experiment of this kind showed a decided gain, since the stumps rotted out in four years' ti ne from cutting. The killiug ot briars, especially dew berries, baffia all skill and industry. At one time it seemed they were gone, but when the land was put down to meadow they came up as strong and vig orous as ever. Sassafras has been al luded tOj noboiv ever killed one by cutting it off at the ground. The same is tiue of persimmon. They need very different treatment. When cut a foot or t'.vo from the ground, sap poisoning is more possible and effective. ? American Farmer. WILD FLOWERS AND THEIR CtLTCRE. People usually make too hard work of cultivating wild plants. They are apt to attempt to imitate the natural conditions under which they liud the plants. This, i to a certain extent, is wise, but in most cases it is easily carried too. far.., Toe | problem is simplified when we onee corns to understand that wild plants jftolif where they are obliged to grow, rather, than where they; desire to grow. Be cause a plant grows in the woods is little reason to cxpect that it may not grow equally as well iu th? sun. And then, it is not necessary to wait until fall or saving to take up the wild plants. At every outing, whatever the time of year ? if the ground is not frozen? I mean i to go prepared to bring home roots. In ! these sultry July day? I a?, brioging ; home wild herbs, aud next year I ex I pect to see most of thsin bloom. ' 1 1 dig them up win a comfortable ball i I of earth, cut tue tops or! nearly to the ' ground, and keep tncra moist until I get i them hom??; then they arc set iu the I border, and if dry weather foilow3, a ! Uttli water giveu occasionally at sun- , down helps them to grow. I do not pre tend to say that July as ^ood i time ! as April or October to move phnts, but i one must capture the good things A3 he j finds them. The native orchids, how- ? ever* usuaiiy require careful manage- j meat, being among the most difficult of -i native pflaafcfcfro colonize. Most of them require complete or partial shade and a moisVsubsoii. ? ( I If a water supply is at hand, a moist r?lat under trees ur about build in js wW ? - ? , * r \ - . THE BUMBLE EARTHWORM. CREATTTRE8 WHICH PLAY Atf IM PORTANT PART IN" NATURE. ^ ? Ho*.v lUey Make the Karth Fruitful j Their Curions Habits? 53, 777 o 1 ! Them to an Acre of Garden. UNTIL Dr. Charles Darwin male bis study of earth worms no acquaintance w a s h & d by science with the work of these humble creatures that play so important a purt in the world, all the soil of which ha* been rendered fruitful by being paised through their bodies. Earth worms are distributed through out the entire world, being found even on the most remote islands. Although land animate they are in a sense semi acquatic. Whereas exposure to a dry air for a fe,w hours is fatal to them, they have been kept alive in water for several months. They are nocturnal in their habits, and at night may be seen crawl ing about in large numbers, i;sually with their tails inserted in their burrows. Their bodies are armed with short bris tles, by means of wtijch they cling to their holes, so that it ft difficult to dra* them out. ) ; The body of a lar^g earth worm con sists of fo>m IQfr to 2 JO rings or seg ments, eac? furnished with minute bristles. By means of a well-developed muscular system the animal can crawl backward as well as forward, and, when its tail is fixed in the mouth of its hole, it can retreat into the latter with extraordinary rapidity. It has a mouth and^roaS as well as a giazard, which grinds the food swallowed. The giz xard generally contains small stones, which are supposed to be taken in for the purpose of assisting digestion. Earth worms breathe through their akin, pos sessing no special organs of respiration; they have no eyes, ao$ the two sexes are united in the same^ndividual. Although they are entirely blind they are seusitive enough to light to be ablo to distinguish batween day and night. Thus they escape mmj dangers which would threaten them from diurnal ani mals that pray upaa them. They do not possess any tense of hearing. Dr. Dar ' win found that they took not the least notice of the shrill notes fron a metal whistle and they were "inditf irent to shouts." Their sense of smell is very feeble, but they perceive very well by touch. Although their nervous syste.n is well developed it is .doubted whether they suffer as much pain waen injured as they seem to expre^ by thzir contor tions. f Earth worms are omnivorou*. They swallow quantities o( earth continually, out of which they exbc^ct auy digestible matter which it may contain. They also consume half decayed leaves of all kinds, except a few which have an un I pleasant taste or are too tough. From such leaves they chiefly obtain their sus tenance. They pass the winter season either singly or rolled up with others into a bail at the bottom of their bur rows, which (luring that time of year are closed at the top. They devote ?much of their attention to gathering leaves, decayed twigs and small refuse ol | all sorts for the purpose of plugging up j their holes and to hue the upper parts of ; the latter. i There is plenty of organic matter in i ordinary mold for the support of earth | worms, including many eg^s and larva of insects, as well as small living and | dead creatures. There are certain spe cies found in damp places in the tropics which possess trap like bladders, beau tifully constructed for catching ralimte subterranean animals. Earth worms eagerly devour raw meat and dead worms. Although they usually live near the surface of the ground, yet they bur row to a considerable depth during long continued dry weather and severe cold. , They hava beeu disooverel as far down as eight feet. The burrows ruu perpen* I diculaily or a little obliquely, and are n lined with a thin layer of tine, dark col led earth voided by the worm?. The lining thu3 formed is very com | riact and smooth, closely fitting the form's body. It strengthens the walls r-of the burrow, which may be likened to a tunnel lined with cement, and saves the occupant's skin from beiug scratched. Often the hole terminates in a small en | largemcnt or chamber, where one or more worms pass the winter. These chambers are lined with little stones and i feeds, to prevent contact with thesur* i rounding cold soil. After swallowing earth, whether for making its burro iv or for food, the worm comes to the sur I face to empty its body, thus forming what are called "castings." In the case of certain giant earth worms of ludia and CeyloD, such castings are sometimes four inches or more in height and seem to be constructed with considerable mere is some protection irom wind, can be made, and clumps of many species can be remo7ed with safety. It is best to remove them in summer, when, the flowering season is past. ? American i Gardening. j . i ? } - ? HARVESTING AND STORING POTATOES. ^ That potatoes require even more care t^an grain in harvesting, is verified by a long experience. Unless the soil is very heavy and wet, digging should never bs done early in the fall. Potatoes should : remain in the ground until the vines j have become dead, and, if the weather j is warm and dry, they shculd remain still longer. Of course there are excep- i tions as when blight -withers the vines : and extends down to rot the tubers. Then the crop should be harvested and stored in a dry, cool place as quickly as possible* / Provided normal conditions exist, and there is no disease in the crop, potatoes for winter storjfrg should remain undug until late fall, i|ven until the last of Oc tober. If possible, hardest when the ground & dry.,*nd do not let the tubers j be expQtt&^to the wind and sun any j longer than to evaporate the moisture ; clinging to them. Whether dug with a hoe, hook, or horse potato digger, avoid harshness in removing the pota toes from the ground. One reason whj potatoes should be left in the ground until fully ripe is to toughen their ten der skins to cbviate easy abrasion, but, ? ?of course, the princioal reason there fo* Is that the tubers may become thoroughly mature, so as to be a healthful, nutri- ! tious food. The potato tubers should not bs al lowed to burn in the sua, or their tine flavor will -be destroyed. The croj; should be handled as little as possibb ?to prevent abrasions that do irreparable ?injury. It is always the best plan to d) the assorting in the field when the tu bers are gathered. Place the merchan j table potatoes carefully in crates, or i baskets, nevei throw then roughly in, ' and do not take them Trom these receo- j tacles until they are put in thebim in ; the cellar. The mode, practiced by some barmen, of pouring them into a wagon box in the field, from which thef are shoveled into a chute, whence they side into the cellar, is ruinous to their keeping qualities, and should never be i practiced. " " The cellar, or eJor% room, should 1)1 ; dry, well ventilated, and coo!? Do not mass the potatoes together in big bins; they will "sweat" the same as hay or grain when in bulk, and will heat and rot if there is no ready escape for- the * moisture. To store potatoes in pits to I remain until spring, select a dry elevated spot, and, whether buried below the surface, or covered above the ground, always leave a free space over the pota- ; toes for the evaporation of moisture. Potatoes thus kept will not sprout dur- | ingthe wiater.? American Agriculturist. ? FARM AND GARDEN NOTES. Lite hatches of turkeys seldom provo profitable. A pond is not necessary in raising Pekin ducks. I Sheep cannot thrive on filthy fool or . filthy quarters. It is always an item to keep sheep as ! cle.m as possible. The Chinese sacred lily bloom? as well in pebbles and water as in soil. Orange trees any be phatel success- j fully almost any month in the year. Change the flock to fresh pastures ; occasionally; they will thrive better. Select now next year's hens and fatten i off the surplus unless they are fit to sell ; j as breeders. y j j The Newtown pippin is popular, not I only for home consumption but for the foreign trade. / With sheep, as with other stock^ the j best leeding is a good variety regularly and liberally given. > The earlier the sheep are mature 1 the less chance they will have to eat their j heads off while growing. Roman hyacinths are extensively usei j for forcing, which may be done at a-" temperature of sixty degrees. When the Iambs are weaae 1 be sure 5 that they have access to a good supply of j water. This is essential to thrift. While a few sheep can be kept on al j most every farm, they should not be j yarded with the cattle and horses. * Jonquils are suitable alise for pot culture or for planting out. Toe culture ieouired is the same as for hyacinths. Keep in a good condition now; a sheep in a vigorous, thrifty condition in the fall may be considered half win tered. Galvanized iron vessels are good to hold water for chickens. They must bo cleaned every morning and filled with fresh water. A common-sized egg is a veiy in I definite thing, but those may be callel | common-sized of which it takes ten t( make a pouad. i'he new Prince's strawberry, which , originated in Minnesota, was nimei by j the Horticultural Society of that State; it at the same time took drst prise over fifteen new* seedlings. Putin a .crop ol turnips for yout geea^ aod ducks. Store .them away^ for winter, and during the cold season cook them and thicken with bran and shorts, and you will have a cheap and nutritiou? mess for theui. An experienced'- penca grower says: 4 'Don't force a too rapid grow:h waiie young, as it tends to produce a tree suj ject to early decay. Apply n') fuUlizjr upon the peach orchard in gooi sell until the peiring period. On clay soils poultry yards mar be greitly improved by placiug a tile drain I two feet below the surface of the yar-i, ani then adding a foot of sand. Treate 1 in this way, the rains carry down arte x of the filth to the drains and save labor. At the New Hampshire experinerr. station they foun i that from their best co.v milk cost about one aad one-half cents a quart, and from their poorest cow more thau four and one-half cents, j Taerc is a chance for a pro-it in oao case. A good average corn crop has produced from one and one-third to two and one- I foutth tiaies as much food per acre as a good hay crop, or e uougb to support * , cow injjull fioff of milk from *>n? hua- j L dred aoc sixty -eight days to two hufc. 1 I dred an ? eixhty-wven dnj?. ? ?' skill. The earth thus voided by worms, if spread out uaifonnly, would form ia m >:t peaces ja the course of a year a layer one-hfth of an inch ia thicKness. IuasinucQ as tiie process is carried on unceasingly, the mold from below bein^ continually brought to the surface, it is i a matter uf ready calculation how long j it '-rill take for the entire layer of super ficial sod to be pa^ed^.. through the . worm's bo ly. It i* estimated that^n an average acre of:'|gAbici land more than leu tons of eaxtb at* annually swallowe I by '.vojrai3 and brought to <he surface. ] The importance of the wo.k accom ' plis'aed by tdeiu in this fashion cauuot ? be overestimated. They periodic illy erno-ed the mold to the air, iniugliog ;t like i ^ardner who prepares fioe soil foi his choicest plants, and*" sifting it so f.m: no stone6 bigger tnan#he particles tucy cm s w/ How are left in it. ; Eirti worms drag an infinite number i of deal Ictp* -in 1 ,vipr of pints ; info th*\ i .j y. ica 1 and other more or lesa decay ed u-e a:e buried beneath their caetin^s an i thus brought within reach of the r j ->fV of plants. Two worms, placed in a r. i-cl e:"?hte?u inches in diameter, '?'?hi <m a as ;i.lel with sand, with fallen li."ivc> Ttr<.".vn oa too, have been ub^ervei to convert, a layer of the sand fojr-teo:fn of no iuca t!iic:c into vejetaMc mold witiiiu three weeks. Thus "do tJew iiu-.ii)'.? creatures prepare t&e lanl for t'ae larxer and make it fruitful. The smoo:hae?3 of a wide, turf-covered meadow is due to leveling performed bv worms. - Jt Lie bee a calculated that 5j,77?T emh worms, weighing 355 pounds, or (liaarily -exist ia one acre of garden jtitfeh, about -half as maaj llvios in*n ecre of corn field. ? Washington Star. f- PROMINENT PEO: Carl Schcrz is a cnltfTatad i Exopeaksb Ried is fifty old. ? Qteen Victoria will spend months in Italy. "'it ? Andrew Carnegie has endowed thirteen libraries in Scotland. ? Germany's baby Princess has been chri* . : ? tened X ictoria Lou ise. Tennyson makes the list o? burial* in Westminster Abbey 1175 The late General Pope left an estate of $25,000 or 130.000 to his ohildren. The new Duke of Satherland^s annual la* come will not fall shprtof #?^),00). Ex-Senator Ph^Y. of New York, was a- , singer in his youth and led a country choif ? * 'Bob'' BrRDETTE, the humorist, isadea* con in the Baptist Church at his home.Brya . jf? Mawr, Penn. dl Sir Arthur Sullivan says then it noth ing like a raUway car for oomooeiM oper* i? atic melodies. ^ . I The Duchess of Devonshire enjoy* reputation x>t being tie only ' Duchess on reaord whoias twice msirriei al Duke. I Mr. Jcstice Ssiras's silk gown fit of twenty-one yards of the richest and . expensive silk, and was thai gift i of hit low townsmen of Pilttburg. j | T Professor Wiluam SwijrioK, tba waltf known author of the series of tchoolbookt that bear his name, die i sucidaalj in New!. York City a few nighta ago, Ha diet alone. ? ' I ' ?' & 772 J ? & if' Whi .e the Hon. Thdmas Palmar ww the United States Minister to Madrid ha adoptai a Spanish child as his |on. Tha little fellow is said to je a fins specimen of An ialutitn beauty. .':?*] A handsome monument has b?an ireotad at Cherbourg^ France, to the honor of Jena Francois MiuVt. It consist? of a marbKp buiC of the great arasf, supported on a grantti pedestal and surroundjed by tironxj C^uresy ' It is not generally known that Lord Tao nyson was twice offered a Baronetcy NI& twioe decline! the honor. His tlevation to the peerage was the first instancy of Iter* ary merit alone having been re war dad with, a patent of nobility. The estate left by the post WMttisr is much larger toan w? arpact^d even by Us most intimate friends. It is ua lerstood, ttat his copyrights alone bring in iowae inOOOM of $3o00 a year, while the total Yaloaof kit estate is piacad at $13i,0X). $; Professor E. W. Horsfo&o, of Caoa bridge, Mass., the great believer in Er icsson as the true discoverer ot Anterior has recaived from the King ot Denmark decoration of a Koijht of the Royal r ot Dannebrog. This is a vsrtiaMMtl of knighthood? it was foud'q la the a|es? reserved for a score or two of of distinction. j \; " - ^ THE LABOR WORLD; ] Ji'f *3Sf?S?%?* ""j"*?0* E* I tbe apu* Uctariit n2BnPriat6rA' ?ome at Colorado SorianL ' near Denver, Col., has now twenty inmatStv ^r?A.RIS .T1' sp?n1 ?40?.000 annailly in iftl creas.ng the wages of her muiiicioal laborem. f?Tf2f fneh!sh congress of railway am eigbt^hourVayf9 mi30r**J *jmotfon tor Thk Miners' unions in Great Britain in ***>"*?* nq>lj?n?i tot ~ It is said that over 1.000.000 wikmao U ? , uermany remain unmarried because cannot support a Jamily. T The ?r,t branch of the bdfldln* trades to XESfiESSSS? thataXr tailores366 ^"-taxaktt?^5f ?' The whole of the farm work In Garment practical! _r, is done by women and elrit n j?UuC ei?hteea i cents per day* ana they board themselves. *"*/* Fr!i^ or/?aa.2.'d railroad employee ^ France have demanded that men LirW arts/s^sir.rs!s? tg > tions every two years, like several other k TTho*9 m??bers consider annual conventions superfluous. Ax important concession to tbe dockyard l"i iS r J ? maiJ W the British Adair ? j/ to the effect thkt met on piece work are to be paid the fuilamodot df their earn- ' ing, however much injexcess of their ordin ary wage?. Hitherto (men were not allowed d????g?.c th>n ttj <*#? ***? f I* twenty-two of Ae largest cities of this country 1..42? wefnao, who are workfof for a living, were questioned by Govern ?e.nJ,a?eaty- ^Libeea 118SS were single and the average afa.was twenty-two years and seven months, mXbey represented 843 vocations and thoir averare pay atnoofttatf . . to *oJ5l per week. ??**???. . The Germans are trying the experiment ? of introducing coolie labor.tato EutAfrioa. < They recently landed SOO^hines* cooliea at ?? * Tangs, whence they were taken some dis- ! tance in?ani to th$ cottonind ooffdo pl4Ht&* I tations at Lewa and Dsraqre. ThU experi ment may prove a disastrous failure, as it if not at all certain that the Chinese can thrive under the unfavorable conditions thev will meet in equatorial Africa?; 1 c newsygleaningsT Tiiers is a short French barley crop. Italy s crops are abovn the average. A drought is prevailing in Australia. Political harmony now exists in Bi Scotland is having bitter winter w? T he tea crop is anuau >lly small thia ' CotD weather is causing suffwinr land. | ? In Southern Russia no water for tbree moitf hsM ; ' A hcxdred thousand of Berlii tants live m cellar*. iHE total indebtedness ot(,J|iP State of Arkansas is *4, 9)9, 43 1, p j]' ' ix many sections a totti failure of tbe | ho :ey crop is reported. 1; - I . -Maixk nas 33T0 abanddnei Vpr'nt Witi a totai area o:.:>o4, 314 actes. * , French troupe have already | killed 150 J jDahom^yansi in Africa, The long kry season has resulted ia the usual forest fires in South Jersey. The Siour Indians in the NortWest are threatening another gaost dance. RUSSU has n MrJy a *1*).00),000 deposited ' . 1 In toe different E irop?anca;jitalai: Florida is goin j to ship oranges to Bli- ?> lan i dir?;t by steamer fro n Fernanlina. i ? Killixq froaUhivj visitii someCTtha Soutoern States, and a col 1 area is pasdne aiorg the entire cottoa b9lt* " ' ' Mexico and Denmark hava declinel ta be represented iu the nival parade next April v to commamor.tce the opening of thi l>"orld'i >*etv \ uax IxpK is to introduce the ida? dergarteu as a^ar; oi thi pub ic schoot rtl t?/n. i he appropriation for the first year is lo.yxrj. . . , * 1 ifteex of tha horses Uie 1 in the Berlin ??una military ride are disabl ei (or life ' ten died on tne road aad others are severelv ? crippled. 7 ? 1 hi records of th<?W?nsus Bureau show " that mere are now living 1.078,837 soldier* ? I q. Loion Army during tha The M., K. <i". T. Railroad has diviiei J ??.? am-jng \h^ i a uilie,* of th* mtn killed ? in th* war on tbe* Dalton gang at Uott*y. vill? Kid. J There was quite a lar<e increase In tha j crop acreage iu Ireland thU year. The va- j ' nous crops wire grow.i o i 4,854, 764 ^crts of land, whico is au increase over 18VI of 66 ? 4^<Tacre^ ? ^ ? When a on a piece of itidcf j paper he reaiij?atfyat he ia better offii' *' i Bin^Uaaitao Lea-ier."^--,