CAMDEN, S. C., FRIDAY, JANUARY 8,1
w ; ???
: ^ . ? , ? j ti[ J . I ; ;
GOD AND OUR NATIVE LAND,
3*
SCHOOL
fAL LESSON FOB
10, 1892.
R *ail tbi? son g be sung in
hav* a strong city;
apc*.;nt Tor -^salis and
EPt Hke chapter x<f . will be
son^y >x?e the
J*J Wfij t between
. 13. and note it- eonnec
3 ot?erve xxiv.. 53; xxvii.,
fail to see the reference
?t>on ami glory in coating
kJ* very nt?er "The name
I that da y snail be the Lord
ho* be plucked up. nor
D? V-*1"" fotvver." The Lord
i a Wall of ttr? round a boat.
J tl4> jaaidst of her. He will
Saivution (Er.*k. xhriiK^
Zech. i?., 5; Isa. xii.. I, 2).
i gate-, tbai the righteous
th the truth mav entsr
i$hteous nation of Isx lx.,
. The nation shall be born
}oity purged m on* day.
( upon th?*rr long rejected
"" "is power and
. '<*. xii., 10;
stall be a city of truth,
1*4^1 shall be her King
&o. Ixv.. 1*>. As to opening
xxiv.. 7-10. cxviii.. 19. and
?tyr your own *oc.t the King of
enter (Rev. in.. '3*.
Jhjkeep him in psr/ect pe?ee,
staid on Thee, because he
.Thee." The -Scripture erery
?*jl?aeV* restoration and fu
lfil jyece in. 1 by a time <?f great
J*? verse^ *J0, 2 1 ; alto chapters
tefccv.. &UAn. xn.. 1. 2. Matt.
,;JJ. mi. however great tb-i
.dt&er th .in < r id*, the one who
tT*ed never be disturbed, and
tits staye.l on Hun wih hare
fdfs. XIV' . 1, :>, Matt. xxiv.. tf;
!$?*; xvi.. :u. ,
tin the f> i* i f?> rever, for la
Vahis everlasting strength."
ttiiw ''Lord Je*v>v?ib,'*or "Jah
V. margin), t> found only
I other millennia! song. Iw.
foil stgnijicauce shaii bane^n in
^riwiting str.-ngth, or Rocko<
makes me think of Moses in
rock orered With. Oxfs
and of IJ^e perfect
fefcy of all whose lives are hid
| Cod. Col. iii., ?. Therefore
lim at all limes (Ps. Jxii., H).
^riugeth down thecu that
lwN city. He layethxit
to the gwamjt;
fet." Here i$
; the record
?applied
We
\yMm m, u?
RSgodly miy prosper * \
righ tkous. though for
faith and patience, j
?38" : n. 17, with the con- i
' of Haoah and Miry, I
i i., 4C- j5.
U tread it, down, even the
I the ?tep? oi tne needy."1
ilted. 1 Slewed are the
in kingdom of
1 Ye^?<tr4aiidown
I; dor thsy shall be
LO? your feet in the day *x^t I
sa ti> the L >rd of SoBtsf ;3faJ
shall
, iv.,
lsc> Ps. Ixxii.. 4. 12, and fret not
of evil doi-rs, bot be patient,
the Lord and keep Uis way and He
tihee to inherit the earth. <Ps?
1,7,^. 11, 54).
:*fhe iray of tue just is uprightness
piKMt ut>riAht dost weigh the path oi
? Him rishteou-j Loi*d loveth
Cs>. His couuteuacce doth beaold
bl x:.. 7?. Jfogood t'jiug will
id^tifoai th?*tri toat. walk uprightly
Jsxxit-, 11)- ^ut must retneuiber
fie !iutouIy Weigfci our path, but also
it*?, ami He triHth heart and reini
k,. ;>; Jer. xvti , 10). If we are only
before iiiai we shall sharo Hta
**Yea, in the way of Thy judgments,
havo we waited tor Thee; the desira $
to Ml i? to i'hy name, an?i to the rr-'
fe of Tiw." in chapter xxv., 9,
^Anti it >r:air W said in that day,
is our <.???.l ; \*e Iviv^ waited for iiias.
Will u>; tiit^is the L^rd; W4
for ikm: *? shiM be glad aad
hi His salvation Jacob, on his
looking forward to the last days,
have wa't^.1 for Thy salvation, (J
a. x;ix.. I. 1*.. 5?one shall be
t wait up'.wi Him and for Him.
nd? u.' to wait upon Him. We
do w.>rt t?i savi, " VI y soul, wait
only uvoii ?'? >*" llja. zxx., IS; xdr.'
?h?" Hl. 5, i">- ixi?-.
??y soul hive 1 desired Thee in "
|t; yea. witu my spirit within ma
yyfc ihee early: for wnen Thy judg
iu the earth the iuhahitants oi the
_ learn rig'aieou.-. the lirsl part
s?* remiuos us of Ps. lxdk, 1. xlii7
the oft re;H.?at-eil, "dui whom my
th,\i?f Cant. iu., 1-4. God Siav
r saivttti??n. >>y .ml strength now,
iH be to Israel in tiiat day; th^re
and W?ow "Jesus only.' lae last
qftrh'j vers ? fxjints to the great gather
Uo>i when H.e shall begin to pour
|Bdguiettt.> m the la>t days, alter the
a tran-iate^l , tu?iisuali be grathered
i rftbe grent tr:i'tilati Mi th^ multitude of
.^r., i>-17. t<w L?t ? r'?^r the honors of the
nanv ??f translated ones foe K-?v. v.,-.
at not t->?! late to be prt-se&ti ?t the
of r,h- Lamb iRev., xi TtT. >
'UetjAivor b;- nuowlsI to the wicked
9 he oof tear. i ri^hteousne? ; in thr>
ttut"i4hta;*>^ will h-> deil unjustlv,
jWill not befcoki the majesty of the
Some can ?>niy be humbled and led
Ijtlto grace and love of Hot by afflic
but (ro-i tries ev rv way t?> win men
' (Job. xxxm . 'Jf. ?'< ?; If Pet?r iii.
re arf so;n^ wh(> wiii no5 submit.,
fetgoedlr, even in the UilienMm* (Ps.
nargin). Th?se' shall jfoMo* Sat^a
>end of the thousand year?, and being
witb . him shill n?ycer see the
of the l/*rd ;n rae nev Vth (,Rev.
Ble?<9ci are all who yr receive
(*od and walk hum* ' and sin
Him. e need not wonder that
^preamt time manv followers of _.the
lone sfeakfor their <^wn euds seek and
i?otrancd into the nominal church. In
ly - church there was a Judas, an
aod Siipph'ra, a Lemas and many
i who t&ou^h receiving favor would
rights .msness. and it has beeu so
e.? L*s*0'! llv'vzr^
I coin
I bur
CRANK
I
Into a Louisville Bank, '
at Wait for the Money.
Ky.. [Special, j? The
has struck Louisville The
mam depicted by Chaunccy M.
the sinusal dinner of the Xetv
suddenly appeared iu
was without dynamite,
his demand. " About 10:30
tail, good V'>kini; stranger
ftio' of President Veecb. of
and Dtovcrs \Bink. The
orator rctaarked that
is ?he most proruinaot fcatur^
"on. and when this one
over-gentle voice: '*1
to give mV >?|0D<ey, and that
q-.jkk: ' I,- ^rs- decidedly
prominent feature aNv.it the
and Drovers' Bank. The hair
Vef h stuod on ends, real
kird of a man he had to deal
b*nk-r said: "Very well,
haven't nni' h on hand, but I can
and get yo-.i me. " The bank
send out. r.rt for a million or so
but fot a policeman^ In the
the ,-traager became tired of
no one offering
1 after dinner
PLANS OF VIRGINIA S CREDITORS. !
A Surrender of Defaulted Bondi \
Proposed in Place of a
Cash Deposit.
New York City. [Special.]? Frederic !
P. Olcott, Wiiliam L, Bull. Henry Budge, i
Charles D. Dicker. Jr., Hugh RGarder, I
and John Gill^ the committee of Virginia I
bondholders, met here Saturdav. j
Advisory Board, composed of Grover j
Cleveland, Edward J. Phelps, Thomas i
F- Bavard, George"^. Coe,' and George ;
G. Williams, is associated wfth the bond- j
holders' cjmmittee in^tfetf effort to bring
about a settlement of the Virginia debt
on toiwa^equiufele alike to the Old Do
minion anlStpits creditors. Cables were
received yesterday from the English
cred.tors announcing their concurrence
in the negotiations conduocd by the two
committees with Gov. McKinney and his
associates on theJVirginia Commission.
The plan is that Virginia shall issue
nineteen millions"*' of 100 year bonds to
take up twenty-eight millions oi indebt
edness, the new bugriis to pay two per
cent, for ten years and three per cent,
for the remaining ninetv years. In ap
proving it the Advisory iSoard savs:
*'We should con;ider it unfortunate for
the creditors and ail .concerned, if the
subject of this indebtedness and its set
tlement should "be allowed to again fall
into the vortex of popular political 'dis
cussion ami dispute. ? * * *
We are decided in our judgement that,
if the terms of settlement now proposed
are rejected, the prospect of an advant
ageous agreement in the future is far
from encouraging.*'
Gov. Me Kinney has reminded the Ol
cott and Cleveland commits es that un
der the resolution of the \ irginia Legi-j
, Utuic by which he and his Commission
were appointed it is provided that "no
proposition shall be entertained by the
Commission which is not supported by a
deposit in cash of not less than one mil
lion dollars, to insure the faithful per
formance of the proposals, if accepted
and ratifk'd/^ Gov. McKinney adds, in
a letter to tKe committees: "You make
no mention of thi^/act, which the law
makes a conditionj^rccedent to the con
sideration of your important proposi
tion.'' ,fT
Mr. Olcott. replying, says that his
committees represent 85 per cent, of the
creditors, and are prepared to make de
livery to the proper officers of Virginia
;of Ibejfr faulted bonds to that amount,
"iua MrTOTWtt^adds :
>This, we supp^^ is a far more com
pKAe and satisfactory fcuSSSntec for per
formance on our part than a deposit of
one or even five million of dollars; The
object of the act was evidently to insinsj
the performance of the contract with the
State, if made. A^d if, from the nature
of the proposal w^sball make, a far bet
ter guarantee is given, we presume that
_its object will be *ubstantially accom
plished, and that it . would- be liselesalo
require us to tie up a million of dollars
without practical benefit to any one/'
Virginia, through Gov. McKinnev, is
yet to Jeply to this.
The Olcott Committee, it will be re
membered, offend to accept $1$, 000, 000
of new three per cent, bonds, or $19,000,- !
COO of two per cent, bonds, rising to
after five years, and three per cent, after {
ten years. This offer was accepted.
The bonds and interest coupons are to j
be of the same character as the Riddie
berger bonds, and not receivable - for
taxes. It is stated in the agreement that
f there are only $2$, 000,000 of the old
bonds outstanding, but this, it has been
added, is probably arrived at by ignor
ing the coupons maturing on the bonds
since the were deposited.
The South'? Progress,
While the low price of cotton and iron j
naturally has a depressing influence upon i
the general trade of the South and re- J
stricts collections, there is no danger of i
this section not sharing in the prosperity j
and activity which promise to make 1892 j
noted as . a year of great development j
throughout tlje entire country. The |
past week has shown considerable activi- |
ty in the organization of new industrial
enterpri-es in the South, notwithstand- i
ingthe nearness of the holiday season. .
There is seen a constant tendency towards j
the diversification of industrial enter- ;
prisej which promises well for the South s \
prosd^Uy. At Birmingham a $150,000 j
corajMiy has been organized to establish ;
large works <for manufacturing cotton
handling machinery ; Augusta, Ga., will I
manufacture heavy saw-mill and wood- j
working machinery, which will be alrao-t
a new iadus'ry for this section; at Mid- |
dlesborough the contract has been let for j
the foundations of the large buildings j
of the South Boston Iron Works: at Abi- i
lene, Texas, a $100,000 water works J
company has been organized; in Ken- j
tucky a $650. 000 coal mining compnay; j
East Nashville, Tenu., is to have an ice j
factory ; Central City, W. Va.. has a
$30,0l0 milling company; a $100,000
lumber company has been organized in
Hardeman coonty, Texas: $100,000 land
improvement company at Walnut Grove.
Ala. ; $200,000 cotton compress company
at Norfolk; $50,000 water works com
pany at Orange (i^v, Fla ; a saw mill
; with a daily capacity of 100,000 Xect near j
Alexar.dria, La.; a $100,100 land im- 1
provement company at Alderson, W. Va ; J
foundry arlcl msc'oine shop at Durham,
N. C. ; a $350,000 laijd improvement
company in North Carolina; a $100,000
coal company in West Virginia; a $100,
900 brick company at Wellaburg, W.
Va. : $100,000 water works company at
Harriman. Tenn. ; enlargement of steel
works ^t. Wheeling, W. Va. ; $-250,000
water wdrks Construction company at }
Dallas, Texas.; a $300,000 phosphate j
i company in Florida, etc.
New Uses for the Scrub Palm.
! Everybody who-fia^ been in Florida, j
j and especially on the Sat lands along the j
j St John's river, has learned that the
j scrub palmetto, a stunted palm growth, j
has been a poor, despised thinjjever since
; white meii trod Florida suit. It has been
; looked upon as worthless and cumbrous
to the land, and th^c who have plough
| ed it up and made every effort to kill it
i out have congttiered it a curse. But it is
; now. more than likely that it will be look
? ed upon as an article of value to the
| owner3 of the land where it grows. Its
; berries have been found to contain rare
i medicinal qualities; the root is said to
; contain a large percentage of tannin, asd
j some works have been started to con\ art
! the leaves into a* fibre. A factory has
; been put up at Jacksonville to work up
t thes? leaves into fibre ^hicluit is claim
| ed, wil^ make the best of rope and mat
j ting, and is used for making hat? -jpat
i tresses and upholstery.? Florida Corres
j pondeat Ne]pYcrk.TriUme.
FARMERS' ALHANCE.
Something Interesting Abont the
Co-Operative Stores.
How the Plan is Successfully Carried
Out in England, and Its Adapt
ability to This Country.
Senator Stanford, of California, intro
duced a bill in the Senate lasffhtesday to
provide for n ore money indrcul-.tion.
**?*?*
Spain is one step in advance of Ameri
ca in the the use of electricity for agri
cultural work. In some parts of that
couutrv the farmer plows his fields with
electricity as a motive power.
******
.
The Alliance will hang out a little
while longer down in Texas before- hand
ing in its checks. Between November
1st and 15th there were fifty -two Sub- Al
liances organized in that State.
******
A large Citizens' Alliance club has
been organized at Indianapolis, Ind.,
and a People's Congress was also formed
to discuss the economic questions of the
day.
******
.CO-OPERATION AMOXG FARMERS.
The political results growing out of
the farnk*rs' convention at Ocala may or
( may not Vanish like smoke. But that
assembly originated one movement which,
if faithful ly\ followed up, will end in
most substantial good to all the agricul
turists eDgaged in it. This is the move
ment toward co-operative stores.
Qne state depot of ths National Union
company has already been established at
Louisville. Thirty-five branch stores are
to be founded .elsewhere in Kentucky.
The farmers' county organizations will*
select agents and place them in charge
of the branch stores. There will remain
one thing to insure the success of the
movement to enable farmers to control
their own purchases and secure them on
advantageous terms. Talk will be that
the agents of their choosing must be
both honest and shrewd business men.
With the example of the great co oper
ative store system before them in Eng
land, the farmers cannot fail in their
scheme if it is well managed. | 3Iemberg
of the first English co operative socicty
pnt their raeana together and formed a
j int stock company-. At first thejNwi
rined their work merely to buying articles
at wholesale and distributing them among
..their members, adding to the price mere
ly the expenses of distribution. Then a
great ?ista opened before the co opera
tioni>ts. They began a retail store of
their own. They gave good, honest
value in ail that was sold, buit the retail
price was ptri eltghtlr abore 'the whole
sale, though it vtas still below that
charged by ordinary retail stores. Then
at the cad of a given time thev divided
the profits among the stockholders. Out
siders were allowed purchase goods,
but had no share in the profits, which
were reserved for members of the co op
erative concern.
'I he plan above outlined has been the
one which seemed to wear the best fa
Great Br'tian, where the system has now
spread far and wide. With modifica
tions such as the difference of country
*nd people would '"demand, this appears
to be the plan which would succeed best
in America The old scheme of Grange
stores was a failure naturally. But now
the agriculturists have gained experience.
They will be benefactors of their fellow
man if they can inaugurate successfully
the system of co-operative stores in the
Unit d States, wh<re all attempts to
make it work on a large scale have hith
erto failed. The fact that ii??ias been so
marvelous a success in England, how.ever,
shows that it can be brought to perfec
tion. Iloaesty, patience and business
shrewdness will perfect the plan, and
farmers witt have opportunity to show
that they can manage their own bu-iness
without ou'side assistance.
THAT AWFUL WRECK.
Heartrending Scenes at; the Wreck
Tho^T^nfortunates Were Pinned
Down and Scalded to Death.
New Yot:k, [Special ] ? The accident
which occurred on the New York Cen
tral railroad at Hastings-on-thc-Hudsoc.
has proven to be much greater than stat
ed by reports receivtd. The official list
of the dead, as given"but. numbers elevc 1
people.
The accident was due to carelessness
of a brakeman, Albert E. Herrick, of the
.Buffalo express, which was lyisg still be
low Hasting?. Herrick fled sad has not
yet been found. He left his uniform in
j the train and put on citizeu's do'hes.
From an official report gi< en out by
Third Vice President Webb, of the Cen
tral road, train No. 93. which left New
York at 6 .40 o'clock p. m., stopped at
Dobb's Ferry to make some si ght repairs
? on the engine. A distant signal was
thrown out and following th-i train, was
the Buffalo and Niagara F ills special,
which left here at 7 :30 o'clock p m. and
was stopped about three qi.arters of a
mile south of Dobb's Ferry station. The
! conductor cf No. 45 immediately sent
Brak^nfH Herrick back tc signal the
coming train. He proceeded as far as
the station at Hastings. He went iodide
and talked with the station naster. wait
ing for the Cincinnati and ftt. Lou s ex
press No. 7, which left '.his city at 8
o'clock. While Herrick ^as" standing
near the d<k)r the St. Louis express
whizzed past, running at the rate of for- '
ty miles an hour.
" Engineer J. Donohue, of the St. Louis
expres?, received no warning whatever
of the presence of the Buffalo express on
thi track ahead, until? he waa'filmost on
the track. He reversed his engine, put
[ on airbrakes and jumped for his life.
The engine of No. 7 crashed into the
rear sleeper. Gibraltar, of the Buffalo
special, with terrific force. There were
twenty-two people in the sleeping car at
the time. V
The remains of j\.W. White, porter, :
i who died of his injurle*. were shipped to j
j his home in Virginia.
Rails Spread and 17 Persons Were j
Injured.
'a
atl.vsta, Ga , [special.] ? "Vestibule ?
; irain No 11 on East Tennessee railroad
| going South ran off the track in a cut
i near W illiama Station, seventeen persons
j were injured, but none badly.
The accident was caused ey the rails j
; spreading. Four c- achei were derailed. ?
i Fifty feet beyond the cut was a trestle
i The train was almost on the brink of ii
| when it ran o5.
SELECT SIFTIXGS.
One -half of the people born die before
the age of sixteen.
There are 055 fire-alarm boxes ia
Philadelphia, Penn.
The Persians have a different name for
every day in the month.
T vro pouad3 of beet are consumed t?
one of mutton in England.
The Mohammedan year shorter tfaan
ours by nearly eleven days. jf
Only three golden eaglee were ever
shot jn Maine, so far as known/
Tho Mexican orange trade with the
United States is gradually increasing.
Twelve oranges grown at De Land,
Fia., completely filled a peck measure.
It is said that Shakspeare prepetrated
sixty-three puns in "Romeo and Juliet."
In the New York State Library are
twenty-six different portraits of C'ulutn
j bus.
The Digger Indians of California pre
I fer insects to any other kind of aaimal
j fool.
A man in Missouri has tweaty-ieven
: pet rattlesnakes which come when ho
| calls them.
The giant Galabra, brought ffom
to Rome during the reiga 6t Claudiu^.
Coesar, was ten feet high. * j
The principal street of Rio Janeiro^
Brazil, 'is but thirty f^et wide, and no
carriages are permittei to eater it.
What is thought to be the largest flag j
in tie United States floats over a factory
in Chicopc?, Mass. It measures 41x71
feet. i
t ! I
Bakcrsfield, Cal., is to have a flour
ing mill which will ba operated by
water power derived from an irrigating
canal.
A Connecticut man has invented a
machine which automatically feeds his
chickens at night and morning.. It is
run bv clock work.
** ' I
L-ivi says of the native? of Brazil that
they are subject to fewer diseases thai
the Europeans, ani many reach an a^a
of from 100 to 120 or even 140 years.
A Portsmouth (N. H.) woman recently
found a one cent p3ece io an which
oue of her hens had laid, and later on
the same hen laid an egg with a ten cent
piece ia it. ?
A tramp was arrested a few weeks ago
in Parkersbnrg, XV. Va., who could by
mean- of muscular contraction, to all
appearances, slide his ribs around from
place to placc in Iiis body and shift his
heart about.
Many Florida growers polish their
oranges by passing them through patented
brushing machines. The standard orange
box measure* 12x12x27 inches. Strong
Manilla paper is a favorUe sort -for
tmcjjpfrng oranges. '
No animal has more than five toei,
digits or claws to each foot or lin'>.
The horse is one-toed, the ox tiro-topi,
the rhinoceros is three- toe i, the hippo
potamus is four- toe I and the jelephait
aid hundrels of other animals are five
toed. ^ J
O l the disinterment recently of the
reratias of Jam.*s CatrpTjell, who was
buried in Riy County, Mo., thirteen
years ago, it was found that his entire
body was covere 1 with a luxuriant growth
of glossy hair that filled all the vacant
space in the coiiia.
It is relate i that ivhcn a certain Chineso
junk was attache! by a m&a-of-war, the
cre.v threw cooaauts overboard into the
sea and than jumped in among them.
Nearly ali of the Ciinamen escape 1; for
it was impossible to teil which were heads
and which were nut4?.
i ?
The Japanese practice refine 1 cruelty
to delight their palate?. They believe
that the fish calle I the dii Is most de
licious when eaten alive. An expert
Japanese carver can dexterously re.71 >va
five-sixth3 of the edible ur.tter from its
bones without . touching" a vital p;rt.
Daring this cruel operation the fish 13
kept alive by wet seaweed, which, beia\,
place I over its gill?, enable? it to
breathe.
Oae of the greatest objection} to tho
wooden du ne> commonly used iu tha
rniuing districts of this country, and
aioie lately for irrigations purpose?, is
the alternate shrinking an t swelling of
the wood, which causes warping and
distortion. To avoid this galvanize 1
irou, the upper edge of which testified,
is being used for flumes. Tnese mental
flumes are nearly circular in section and
are usually supported in cast iron
brackets placed in timber supports.
In Cape Colony, Svath A'rici, orange
tree i on the estate of the late Mr. Ryk le
Sueur, of Sea Point, were so badly in
feite.i with and injure! bybuj* tint t ie
owner cut the grov^do va to4he go in 1.
As the sprouts gre.YJip the sous of Mr.
le Sueur kept the fiugi off by liberal
application, of waalu oil, an l no v th^
grove, which was far- famed ia Ctp3
Colony in forms: ti ne? for .its superior
fruit, is once more heavily laden with
luscious fruit. The sane ei:e!lent re?.nts
hive followed the use of whale oil on ;
lemon and naartje tree?.
? [ . 1 M
Pcd^in^ Ballets.
During a shooting match in presence
of the Governor of Candahar the latter
noticed to his astonishment that the
heads sparrows were the favorite butt
<>f the marksmen, who but seldom missed
their aim. Whereupon he declared
thac it was far more difficult to hit an
egg. Sir Peter laughed at the supposi
tion. but the Sirdar stood his ground and
the matter was put to the test. Ac eg*
?w as suspended on a wsH and the soldiers
fire i at it, but strange to say not one of
them hit the egc.
The Governor and his suit kept their
countenances and excused the non-suc
ccss of the firing party dn'the ground ol
the difficulty of the thin:?. At last n
ball happened to hit the thread to which
the egg was fastened and it fell to the
ground without breaking. Now the
mystery was solved: the .cunning Afghan
had used a blown egg, ;and tbe feather
weight shell had been moved aside each
time by the current of air in front of the
ball and thu? e?capad being hit.? Taj'
lische liuTt'hchau.
The pioporhon of travelers killed in
railroad accidents in the different conn
tries is as follows: In France, cne to
every 21,005.000; Englabd/one to evesy
21.000.000; Germany, cbe to every
000,000; Belgium, one to every 6,830, 0D0;
"United States* one to e?ery 2, $00,000.
EXPLOSIVES FOR THE NAVY.
i . I ? ? !? j ' \
*"???? | i ;
HOW THE AKHU MTCTION FOE OtTH
WARSHIPS IS PEEP ABED.
\ i v t ' : *? I !
Loading the 'Tanks" lor the Big Ten. j
Inch Guus And the Eight-loch
Rifles? Powder in Sack*.
Inside the damp and gloomy casemates
of the old water battery at Fort Wads
worth a"force of experienced men has
been kept hard at work the past few
ifeeks preparing the animation for the
wat ships fitting out at the various navy
yards. These men are skilled in the
handling oj explosives, and the officer in
charge, Gunner John A. McDonald, has '
had long experience in this kind of work
during the thirty years ho has been in
the qaval service. i ?
? When a Recorder rej^rter killed upon -1
Hr. 3J[c Donald at the fort the officer had
jast succeeded in getting the last of the
Newark s ammunition transferred from
the magazine down to the powder lijjht
<r al the wharf.
At the magazine the powder tanks or
cases and the boxes of shell were loaded
oa to a truck by a working party of thef
blue jackets from the ship.! Arriving at
the wharf th3 truck wai unloaded and
the contents passed by pact of!
jackets to others on the lighter, ?4fhefe it
was carefully stowed below., A navj
yard tug was lying at the wharf ready tq
tow the lighter and its dangerous cargo
up the bay- to where the Newark was
anchored. oe>
On eolering the fort one ascends <ev?
eral flights of winding stone step3 bo
$weea walls of gray stone and und<:r a
stone ceiling. One could almost imagine
himself in some historic fortress or prison
fcullt during the medifeval ages. The
very air smells of dafepness. The fort
is shaped like the letter O and the in
side is open and exposed to the elements.
On the outside three rows of frowning
gun ports face the Narrows, while the
waters of the bay beat against the base
of tbe raastive walls. The place has
long been abandoned by the soldiers,
who are now quarterel inside the big
fortifications on the hill above. -
On what corresponds to the third
floor, one encounters long piles, of
wooden boxes. These ore all empty,
but when received here fro-ii Wilming-*
ton, Del., they contained brown pris
matic powder. Hundreds of tons have
been used in the past four months. Tho.
powder is manufactured according to!
contract with the Navy Daparf mec.t by
the Du Pont Mills on the Delaware.
The powder tanks for the- ten-inch,
guns of the new monitor Miantonomohj
are cylindricQ^m.slmpe, the skltjs b3inb-,
of copper and the ends of steel. Tliei
tank is divided into two sections, each
of which coataius a quantity of powder.
MPwir of these sections, oc. solne 250
pounds, are used each time the gun is
tired. The projectiles fired from the
ten-inch guns weis>h over 503 puunis
apiece.
For the eight-inch rifle3 the tanks
used, of course, are not so hrge, and the
weight of the projectile is 250 pounds.
Ouly a small quantity of this calibre h is
been prepared at the fort, the only ship3
using them being the Baltimore, Chica-! i
go, Atlanta and Boston; in all only
twelve guas.
Most of the work is for the six-inch ,
rides, with which every cruiser of our
new navy is armed. Each ship has from
one to twfW^of these, nnd the quantity
of ammunition expended in >rget prac
tice aod that needed by new ahips going
into commission keeps the men at the
magazine busy the year round, loading
shell and weighing out powder.
For this calibre the powder charges
are of two kinds, the full weight being
forty- six pounds, and what is called the
reduced charge for use at target practice
being thirty-three pounds. This powder
is put into sacks ready for uso uad'iu
closed in copper cylinders, which are
then sealed to make them water tight.
These cylinders are very easily stowed in
a ship's magazines and being fitted-with
rings at the ends, can readily' be hoisted
to the guadecks when needed. The
projectile maie for the six-inch guns
weigh 107 pounds, and is of two kinds.
The armor-piercing shell is longer and
sharper pointe i than the common or iron
kind, and the point is of heavy forged
stee'. The burstiuj charge, Mhich i$
plarel inside, weighs several pounds,
and is ignited by a timed fuse. A
fixed ammunition for the rapid firing
guns is also loaded here oinii ull j.
this kind t lie projectile anl powdei
charge are fixei together in the form'<>f
a cartridge to expedite the loading ad;i
firing of the gun*. T*ae projcctili weigh*1 |
one, three or six pounds. The most' o
'??thc ammunition for the Hotchkiss gun 1
ufgenerat use ia thy navy is furaishc
now by the llotcukiss Company itielf,
and is made in Connecticut. The car
tridges are picked in specially designed
boxes. Loading blank saluting charge
for the guns of the secondary batterie
of the ships ?ceps the men busy part o'
the Time, but this work .h* be done on
| shipboard. Then the old style somth
i bore gun?, such as are ia use on the Lin
| caster. Peasacola, Kearsarge and a few
: other of the remaining relics of ou
"woodejj w:\lls," raa'se a de:niad for an
j other form of projectile an 1 size of pon
der charge. ?
The gunner and his assistants at Fjrt i
Wads worth do not manufacture any or
the powders, forge any of the shells or
make any of the po.v.ler tar.!-? in I fu;es,
but the work >f putting them together
keeps them busily employe I. ilandlin ;
powder may be a dangerous occupation,"
but great cire is exercise 1 thero and Ttr
is not often that nn accident of any kin 1|
| is reported. ? JV?c Ton Rtzn-der,
The Coming B^yal "Wedding.
London. [Cablegram.]? The Duke of
Cambridge is credited with endowing
the Princess Victoria Mary with ?5, (GO
yearly. It has be?n decide^ that tfie
dresses to be worn -by the bridamaids >f
the Princess will be of white and silver;
tr'ramed tyith 3(Iay bloom. They will
?.?ear wreathe.", but their toilettes w If
"tave no tra ns. The corporation of the
;.ity of London will present the Pf incest
tvith a Mirer dinner service nnd a dia
nood necklace, ?nd the Duke of Buc
; oiuugh will. give her a diamond brae let.
j Members of the nobility ar$ vicing with
each other ia the costliness of their gVft3
I c? jewelry and pl#te to :be youcgoouofle.
1;;L
-f
An Ahjfn Ptt?fktp. i
Through their many biologifta! pecu
liarities the family of the pompion has
become known jto everybody. Cucum
bers, melons and pumpkins belong to
| the heaviest fruit* and yet they grow on
| a very slender stalky But as a proUc
! '.ion against being torn by &e weight of
fhe fruit the trnnk o< the plant either
creeps along the grounder winda^afound
other plants Or props tl$t happen in its
! w. Bearing this fict iar^mind, it is
ail more surprisi^to know that
ampng this genius of joints a specimen
is found that deviates p^om the rule of
beijag a creeper and fpow* like a tree.
The home of the Qendrosicccjos is in
the Dark Continent, ajld this is undoubt
ecttjr the reason wht we have not been :
made acquainted with it earlier. [ It
grows <>a the fal&qd^of Socotra, where
the plant is known by^the name of gam*
hen. WeltStedt, who ^isited tbe island
in 1834^ was th|e first tb mention it in;
his "Mem<rfrsHon the Islqpd of Socotra.;,?
In ISSflj Socotra was trained by Bailey
Balfour; the Well-known botanist, and
he described two kinds of gamhen. In
THE eVUi'KTJi OF ROCOTR.A.
the following year Profesfor Schwein
furth made a trip from Cairo to Socotrst
and to him we are indebted for the firs,
pictorial view of the plant. The trunk
is kooll-shaped and grows about four
teen fret high, with a diameter of from
three to six feet, ^he ripd is white as
chalk apd perfectly smooth, and the
clumsy trunks among the green shrub
bery look more like msrble columns than
anything else. Neai Tamarind, the
largest village on the northern coast of
Socotra, these plants grow in such large
numbers that one's imagination need not
stretch very greatly in-, comparing "the
forest hills of Socotra with a graveyard
full of marble mouuments."
These plants attain a venerable age;
J\Lellstedt .reports haviag found at Kad
.kutynot far from Tamarid, in Jthe bark
of n gamhen trunk an Arabian inscrip
tion bearing the date 1640. The fact
that this inscription has remained intact
so long also demonstrates that the gam
hcu does not shed its fcrk like our trees
by the formation of safes.
The wood is not solid and compact
like that of the trees we know, but full
of sap aud cuts like a turnip. A pen
knife is sufficient to cut a stairway into
the trunk of a gamhen, over which the
flowers on the top c#n be reached.
Aside from its tree shape the gamhen
resembles the pompion in every detail,
so lar as ;he formation of flowers, letves
and roots is concerned. ? New York Re
corder. s
A JiemarkaUle Career.
Robert Harvey, of England, is quite a
remarkable man. One of thirtcau chil
dren of an a&sisstant overseer of Truro,
he started l;fe in au eagiuearing firm at
thirty-five cents a week, and when he !
came of age was earning $i. A little tinn
after, his firm built some uichmery f<jr
South America, and young Harvey tODk
10 much interest in its conduction chat
he attracted the attentiou-of the ova?rs,
who took him out to superintend the
fitting-up,uuder a three-years' agreement,
at one hundred and fifty dollars a month
salary. At the $id of this term he pickedj
up bis traps and made for Peru, whert
be cast about for a job, and got one al
two hundred dollars a month.' Thcc
came the "discovery" of the nitrat?
fields, and young Harvey showed bii
spirit by seeking aud obtaining the p03i- {
tion of inspector-general of the nitrate
fields for the Government of Peru, at-*i
^salary of fifteen thousand dollars a year.
Then came the war. i He was taken pris
oner, put on board one of the Cniliaa
ironclads, and condemned to death ? no
one knows what for. This did not prove
a very great obstacle to Robert, for he
argued th* Chilian Govern meni into be
lie^ing him invaluable in the workiug ol
the "fields," and they straightway par
doned him aud installed him in hi*
former position, under the new Govern
ment, at an increased salary of twenty
: five thousand dollars a year. Eatet
j Colonel North, sent over by Fowler, of
Leeds, to fit up engines. North atrf
Harvey join forces, discover other nitrate
fields unknown to the Peruvians and un
captured by the Chilians, start large ni
trate and iodine works, and prosper. Re
turn to England, float their companie
for the procuring and working, cto., o:
. the Chilian properties,, become million
aires, and, in Robert Harvey's case, pur
chase a Huinptui?u3 mansion at Palac
Gate, and "I)undridge,r in South Devon
become a Justice of the Peace Jk*'*
County, n Deputy-Lieutenant for
of London, and an aspirant !or
fame. Robert Harvey, in aUj^^^HB
: mercial transacts*, 4
I the rivets
11
complished n .{jj
children. ? Yankee B'a |
A Nctt WaytoSwi
Aa Eaglishrnaa has iarl
to facilitate the operation of
He attaches to a glass a snwil
! aa which rests th'j pill, aa.d
! jlass is tilted for war! the lic|
; dowa the pill. Just why ^
is an j easier than the old fasbioaed way
of first puling the pill iu the mouth and
tfcen taking a swallow of water the iuv^g
..fordoes aot think it neces3ir.7 to state,
pbut I ,suppo3C he ^oe< oa ths sa-ne
ciple the ingenious Frenchman did when
i he "diseorered" a new insect poirfier.
! II?s modus operandi was to first citcbf his
j flea aid then to a uninistcr to each a flose
of his powder, which was warranted to
| kill withous loss of tine. ? JVirv York
l Journal.
J i
?I, u r*. ; , ? : ? ; ' ? -? ! I
i _? >' :r ,.V
WAYS OP THE MPSKRAT.
\ j ? Hr ' -
THE IilTTLl ANIXAL THAT XI
FDX7HD BVUBYWKEBE.
' j : ? "I
Wiatwi jbom? of the Mmici^t-Iu
' Food? Trapping the Uaiknt for
Its Far? The Best Trap.
Of all oar wild fur-beari?g animals,
the miisjkrAt seems to kold iu ground
best agt^o^ adr.ioang cirilixitioa. It is
to be 1 found ererywhere in North
Americ^, from the Atlantic to the Pacific,
nod fro the Rio Grande to the Barren
Ground ?, swelling the animal kingdom
by manfr millions. Bat Its pi^ence in
many p laces k unsuspected by themijor
ity of persons, sad Um m mStjf
" with its habits; [
and appearance the mutkrat re
.. an undersized bearerJ It 5s
I wo feet in length, including the
' *i, like the bearer's, is fattened
. illy, not horitcntally. In coloi;
rk brown, occasionally almost
black kbore and lighter' bcneatl
The breeding season is in J
April, sind thevoung appear in
July. It has been seated thkt '
raises moro than one litter a
On tb ? 29th of June last I pushed a skiff
up a i haHow tidal crpakin the District
of Cp nmhia, and discovered a 'breeding;
nest < f tnerauikrat. Built oajthe bank'
just-s bore high tide, it was composed of
drift nibb$s|t, mixed with freshly cut
grass and ^ticks: and lamps of i|iQd. The
pares t rats bad found s cotton tobacco
sack,; and built this iirit with 'the other
debri^. I V }? ? ,
Carefully remorih^tne material orer
the centre of the nest to a depth of six
inchep, the young rati were to; be seen.
They] were four in number, blind, nearly
bairlta. and evidently only a ifew days
old. ! The nest in which th#y lay was
mad^of dry grass, a foot in diameter,
well hollowed out ; From this centra
three passages led outjOns Was risible
in th 3 side of the creek bank at low
wate (, and the othprt went t4 compose
the i etwork of holes with which the bank
wm ioney combed. During iay eiamt
nati< n an occasional muffled splash in
thesi : subterranean channels tfld of the
aniiimi mother's presence. Though
the | disturbed mfterial was carefully
replaced, tB^naoUMir rat f bad made
exte asire repairs be! ore mj next risit a
vreec later, when, to ay disappointment,
I procured only the empty nest. The
youbg had doubtless been led away on
my {approach.
4s cold weather approaches, tho
musk rat, if in a favorable locality,
builds a winter bom*. This ia usually
located ia a c&arsh, and contains fully a
cariload of material, principally rushes,
and stickr. The inside chamber,
ab4ut the size of a bushel basket, has a
plaitforra raised just above the water,
intb which the rats piling* at any dis
turbance fw>m without. Usually there'
are two orlhore holes under the surface
of the water, which job befcre they
enter the interior. In maoy places,
however, the rats seen to, live in their
burrows in the banks the^fear round.
The food of the rauskratts principally
grilses and roots, varied with fresh-'
water mussels in cold breather, when
other food is difficult to procure. They
dejftly oj>tn these mussals, but how they(
do it wa mystery to me, although I have
seen them perform the feat a number of
tidies. Some of their tastes brings them
infto conflict with the farmer, whose
/m/eadows they also undermine. Green
corq is frequently cat by them for the ^
j^icy stalk, and in the autumn I have
Vtfen several bushels of eir corn piled in
deep water for future use. They also
make themselves obnoxious to millers and
canal companies, because of the frequent
apd destructive leaks in the banks oc
casioned by their borrowing habits.
Although they are poisoned aad
iipped by persons with whose business '
ey interfere, aad are de3ttoyed by
hawks, owls, foxe3, and minks, their
principal enemy is the pelt-hunter or
professional fur-gatherer. The muskrat's
Skin "is hia worst enemy.1' About 4,'
000,000 of these skins are taken annually
on this continent. The akin is used in
a variety of way3. Sometime?, when
plucked aad dyed, it initiates the costly
sea!, but it is oftener used In its natural
state f<* mu tfrycaps and clothing. The
:muskrat's prelude breeding ha3 so far
preserved it lrointh^^?tR of its cousin,
ttie baajer, aad unless some great
change takes place, it3 extinction
is . many years off. It Is usually
the ftrit victim ot the amateur fur
trappe't, anl it? skin ia found iu the
pac? of\neatly every tiaveling buyer. Ia
the Eait*tru States the muskrat is found
mo3t abundantly in the rnar3he3 of New
Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and Vir
ginia; and here thrive the professional
"ratter?," as they are called. From the
15th of NiKembec until the same time
in April, thes^jnen reap their furry har
vest. Some ra& are taken by shotting
by moonlight or jack-light, and atso by
spearing when the marshes are fr >z^a.
methods, however, damage the
skins', \and the great majority are trapped.
The steH trap H used with success every
where but>*a the tidal marshes, where
another trap more destructive is employ,
ed. This is nothing m >re than a leugth
of stovepipe or a wooden box of tii?
same size, with a wire gi'e in each end,
which yields to pressure frotn the out*
side, but which th? r it's efforts to escape
on'v serve to clo^e the tighter. At low
ti le ths "raHpr" sets these trais in the
hole ("leal" is the professional terra),
^and^st low tide next clay he visits the u.
as six rats have b-?? > in
these simple traps ia a single
*t, and, of course, urowuel by the
T,>.
The mos? common method in trapping
Eh c:n is to set a No. 0 or 1 steel trap at
??oaje place along a stream where the rat
I lands t > feed. The trap must be ar
! .ranged to :hrow thy trapped animal into
deep water and drowu it, or, on the
. approacif of daylight and its accompany
ing dangers, it will amputate its foot and
[ ao escape. Many three-legged rats are
taken in the trap-. These traps are
lt2ht and cheap, aad one mac can >?>r.t?e
times set and tend 150 of them. The
meat or the musk rat is sometimes u->? i as
iood, but principally by Indians. ? -Ytfir
York-Prcu. .? j.
Em j eror Wilheim s latest project 3?
?or a grand CKtlierlnl in Berlin to cost
?5:500.000. It is to b? fc-r the State
Jt'igiou. He is also bent cu establish*
ic2 an "imnenal cooking school.
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRUl u j
. - ? 1 ! 11 ? | j
I Tbe hearieit guaV made for tbe i try
ire tw^re-inch, f<kij-flve-toa brettb*
loaders. ^ ^ M
T\
For^juch * small country, Belgium hasjr .
made great progress fie! the | adoj tioa
of electric lights. |\ |j' %
Illuminated walking sticks are au^ong
the latest applications t of electricyi. A
small iocande6ccnt lamp. is^conoealt d la
the head. [
Hi**!, the magoitaenfc star t>f tb< first
magnitude in tbe constellation ot C rion, ,
? has j-ecentl y been discovered by asi oiior
men to be oaeof the n^st distant starii |
in the celestial Vault.'
A new invention is an elastic r lbber ?
cushion for tfr'toikj .. al&tfce
the j special j object being
relief to thesewfco are
stand all day oo wooden or ecmrbls
The new Italian rifle i* a is
will penetrate planks five I
at a distance of 4000 feet :JjA smc
powder is used tviih it, thus i
the soldier to carry 'greater
cartridges.
Miss Annie L Oppenheim has bet* ,
Awarded the diploma the British
Phrenological Association . "honoris caufa,'
in recognition of her studios of th i aaat
omy of the brain and her inte-eat in,
phrenology. . . .
Ac Russian electrician has ii rented
a process of etching on metal' by meant -
of electricity, thy?hy diapensio ; with *
use of acidajor this purpose. Th iatqgw
is first {raosfered to tbe plate bj photo
graphic methods.
The method of determining speojflq
heats by the use of Joale'i law ii only
been spccessful in liquids wW h Were
|. good conductors. A j new> met 10I hat
been adopted foe such measure neat ! m
means of a glass spiral flBed wi ;h mec
cury j; ? i ;\' h"
An automatic [
new fuse whe
introduced by"
rotating drum.'
its surface is so
around > and insert
burn-out occurs.
. A maritime laboratory of bt
xoology will be opened next
gea, Norway. , Situated in
where the marline fauna is ps
rich and interesting; it j is d?
rendered great service; to set
has been decided to allow the
the establishment to foreign
A new life?belt!hay: fceen iatentel Ut ,
ia Germsoy. It is la tfio ordihar y form, ;
bat is made from reindeer h^r COVtrtdt
with canvas^ and It much
the belt of cork, Jts Weight
pounds, while it *111 support
pounds of ironin Che water.
is noty affected by prolonged kmi
A oflw idea to give an ordlnt
tbe appearance of a| parquetry)
cover the floor witu wall-pap ?r, forming
a design representing woo< parquetry.
This is afterward tarnished a id ttto fi<?or
will then so closely resemble ola{4 wood
that only a connoijUQur wilf detect tbr
difference. An oriental rug threw ia
the centcr of the door will cpmplfcte the
floor decoration.
The magaiflbent glacial scratches and
grooving in the limestone fat ^Celley'a
Island, nxir Ssndusky, Oicioj have beea '
preserved from destruction ajrl perpetu
ally dedicated to the public jby the or-!f
poration owning the quitry. These
> markings are unique of thei^ kind, and
the finest itv^fro worldSfbnl their de
struction would have been ai irreparable
loss to geological icience. J
In the neighborhood of Sbhaifnauien*.|j
Close by the three rocks ^now as the : j
"Schwceersbild," Dr. Uucich has dti* . ]
covered an extensive human settlement j
belonging to the S&one Ag*. It.isina,
rocky niche about thirteen metres "high
and thirty-seven metres loig, and is the T
first of that period whichjhaa been dis
hoovered in Switzerland and/which is uot t
Id connection wijh.ai civernf '
Dr. Mitchetlich fhai invented a
made from the- fibers of jwooi. Ttiin
boards; with the knots taken out, are i ,
treated with a solution of ^ilphuric acid -
in a hollow boiler. Not jonly the hard
mittor, which il-tbexausc bf the brittle*
ness of wood filers, is eliminated bf ttm
treatment, but .'the fiber i(selt it chemi-"
cally transformed. It is bleached, and
becomes silky as well as strcjng and elastic.'
It is then treated in the iame manner at -
any other goods/ that is, combined, sphq,
and finally woven into stu(|? of exceeding;
fineness aud different varieties.
It is put srouad
around the fide.
A Shrewd Trick or Letter Thieves, j
Do you see this letter, torn here in the
middle of this side? Wnat do you sup
pose did it? Done by the string that is
used to tie up the bundle of letters Lnthk
mail bag? That is what i Iraost every o*
thinks, but it isu't the fhct. It is 'done
bv poitoffice thieve j. I got that
straight from the postmaster of u Urge
ciry not very far from j here. It is; t
shrewd tiick to deceive the man who re
ceives the letter. ll&tiows that after
the letters have be&t Collected at the
office they are put thnjtfeh the stamping
machine, which tanceU the stamp and
prints the iK)stmark at :ho same time.
Then they arc sorted ofot according to
their destination, and a l these going to
the same place are tied jp in one bundle.
Tli try have a pccullai way ' of tying
them, used | at all postolice*. They" u?f
ratber tine. string, and
the bundfe twice, once
and once around the cad. Toe letters
are not all of tike isamc size. Sxne arf
longer than 'other*, and some ar* i'j
square errrelopfa, whilf others are i& thai
old-fashioned Idng envelopes. Thii be*
ing so, it follow* that if tbe string it
tight, as it in<|tt be to h->ld the
fcttfts together, some! of tbe larger let
ten will be cut 0*1 thu bide or eid by th*
string. The jwstofiioj tacives know thi*
as well a* auy one so when they
wish to bnd out :f tiieie is acv money ia
an envelope tjey nimj^y tear i. a lit ie
or. the side or "the jmi. Alm^t a iv
postmaster considers if a favor if n mi n
Citing such i letter fill tike it to him.
They always rn*ke nri endeavor to Iraoat
stich letters, Hud thenj wa?.ch if other let
tors come over the sitn* route are torn
in the same way. V ia ctn usually tell
whether the letter vvajs renlly torn by th??
?t ri n or by iittndj ?<ir the ftrmij will
wear aa-l friy the ejgeJ before it cut*
into th* letter itscifj? GM*
/.y
i