Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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"Mechanical Mike" Assists Air Pilot Gyroscopes Are, Used to Control Airplane. New York. ? Scientific Interest In Wiley Post's solo dash around the world by plane, In which he set a new record, centers on his constant com panion and helper "Mechanical Mike" ? the automatic "pilot." Transoceanic and other long-distance fights in the last year have demonstrated the value of gyroscopic Instruments for accu rate flying when good visibility cannot be guaranteed. In these Instruments one gyroscope gives the pilot a hori zontal line of reference, the other a verticaf liue. Until recently the pilot, however, had to keep an eye on the two Instru ments constantly and move controls to keep the plane on the given course and at the predeclded altitude. For such blind (lying it was only logical to ask : Why should the human pilot function merely as a machine? Why not develop some mechanical device to translate the gyro Instrument In dications Into corresponding move ments of the rudder, elevator, and ailerons of the airplane? The Automatic Pilot. Tbe answer to those questions Is the automatic pilot. For 1'ost in the Winnie Mae, the au tomatic pilot provided needed relax ation from the constant task of flying the ship when a safe altitude and course have been llxed. Post's "pilot" differs from previous ones In that the electrical device that "picks-off'- the relative motions of the plane with respect to the fixed axles of the gyroscopes has been replaced by air jet "plck-offs" less liable to me chanical troubles and the uncertainty of varying electrical contacts. The Installation in the Winnie Mae was the first of this new type. First it should be explained that the motions, vertical, horizontal, and rotary must be known to keep an air plane In level flight on a given course. The three controls on an airplane for doing this are the rudder, the elevator In the tall, and the ailerons at the back edge# of the wings. In ordinary flight the pilot from the position of the horizon and the np pearance ana feel of the ship has the necessary reference lines at his com mand. In blind flying, however, the horizon Is obscured. Some artificial horizon and directional point must be provided. Small spinning gyroscopes mounted on the Instrument board have been found to give this information. In the automatic pilot one gyro spins with Its axis vertical. As long as It re volves no motion of the airship changes the direction of its axis. Any relative motion of the ship from the direction of this vertical axis Is con verted Into movements of the eleva tors of the ship that correct the climb or dive. The same gyro likewise con trols the ailerons on the wings to cor rect rotary movements. Corrects Course of Plane. The other gyro, spinning horizontal ly, In the same fashion corrects mo tions of the plane when It strays off the desired course, by moving the rud der. With a plane speeding along at If*) miles an hour It cannot be expected that a small gyro will supply force enough to move the rudder and ele vator against the wind pressure. The secret of the automatic pilot Is the device that "picks off" the unwanted, IN FORGERY SCANDAL Ronald Kinney of Hmporln, Kan., under arrent Jn Topcka In connection with the bond forgery scandal ?hat Htlrred up the Rtntc's flnnnclnl ofltcera. Deer and Elk Gain in W??t Amazing Butte, Mont. ? Deer and elk have Increased amar.lnfcly In the nix Western region* of the national foreata, a federal report rereala. From 1921 to 1931, Inclusive, the number of deer In theae reglona In creased 4ft8,-802 to total ftr>3, 7ftfl, while elk Increased 44,27ft to total 1ft IVU atory animal* and other cauaeti took a heavier toll of deer than huntera during the period, the eattmated loan from theae aourcea being 44fl.2r>5, compared to an esti mated KH1 by huntera of 8t*ift27. Hunted killed an estimated B7,ftfl2 elki compared to a low of 9,01)0 from other aourcea. wandering motions of the ship and translates them luto movements of powerful hydraulic pistons directly connected to the rudder, ailerons and elevator. These "plek-ofTs" consist of hemi spherical discs that remain fixed by the gyro. The edges of the discs In tercept two air streams blowing from small Jets. For the gyro which con trols the rudder, the air jots move with the plane above a vertical axis, while the disc romulns stationary. Their turning allows more air to flow out of one Jet than the other. The difference In air flow acts first on an air valve and through It on a hydraulic valve controlling the pistons that ac tually turn the rudder. For straight flight the two air Jets have equal amounts of air flowing out of them, as the disc covers both jets to the same extent. The two gyro units are mounted be hind the Instrument panel of the plane and the relative motions can be ob served there visually. French Vets Honor Unknown Soldier Ninety French war veterans came to Washington to return fl.u American Legion's visit to Paris six years ago. The leaders of the visiting contingent are seen placing a wreath on the tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington Na tional cemetery. Six States Planning for Control of Liquor Set Up Machinery Awaiting Dry Law Repeal. Washington. ? Six states ? Montana, Indiana, Rhode Island, Arizona, Con necticut, and Delaware ? already have set up machinery for controlling 11 ciuor, In anticipation of repeal of the Eighteenth amendment. Twelve oth ers have repealed state prohibition laws and will revert to varying de crees of open sale, according to the laws that existed before national pro hibition, If the Twenty-first amendment wipes out the Eighteenth. The twelve are Colorado, Oregon, New York, Washington, Illinois, Mas sachusetts, New Jersey, Maryland, Louisiana, California, Wisconsin, and Nevada. Eight states have arranged to sub mit their state prohibition laws to popular vote. In these eight, and the remaining twenty-two, varying degrees of prohibition will remain under state laws If the Eighteenth- amendment I should be repealed. The eight states that are submitting their state constitutional prohibition amendments to popular votes, most of the elections to be held next year and most of them to be "coupled with votes on repeal of the Eighteenth amend ment, are West Virginia, Nebraska, Ohio, Wyoming, South Dakota, Flor Ida, Idaho, and New Mexico. Most of the other twenty-two states Diet Only When Weight Falls Below 190 Pounds Boston. ? There Is one organization whose members go on diets only when their weight falls below 100 pounds. One rule of the United States Fat Men's club provides that If a member finds his weight Is under 100 he must report Immediately to club officers, who will advise him how to regain the lost weight. The chib, organized here 2 2 years ago, now has 1,452 members, ranging in weight from 100 to 347. The all ilme champion of the club was Arthur Moulton, who weighed 450 and once got stuck In a telephone booth. Dedicated to the purpose of enjoy ing life to Its fullest, the club has few rules. Members must agree, how ever, to : Tuck their napkins under their chins when eating. Put on their own collars. Tie their own shoestrings. Promise never to reduce. Not to make fun of "unfortunat ?? V who do not weight as much as 100. Hun Adopt* 102 Chicks llelolt, Wis. ? William Hendrlckson, this city, wants recognition for his Plymouth Hock hen, which has "adopt 102 White I^eghorn chicks. The chicks were hatched In an Incubator and adopted by the hen shortly there after. Crows Travel Through States With Salesman Columbia, Mo. ? Mack and Jimmy, two crows, are migratory birds. But not in the same sense that other birds are. Mack and Jimmy are owned by W. E. Hubble of Galveston, Texas, a trav eling salesman who recently visited Columbia. Mack and Jimmy are his pets and they eat everything but thir teen-year-old cicadas and sweet pota toes. Mack, two years old, cracks Jimmy's peanuts because Jimmy Is only two months old. The two birds have bwn In twelve states In twelve weeks and have trav eled from the Gulf to the Groat Lakes three times. Mummy of Indian Child Found in Oklahoma Cave Boise City, Okla. ? A mummy of an Indian child, perfectly preserved, has i been dug up In a cave near Black Mesa. School teachers who found the object believed It dated back to the Indian basket weaver era. It was found doubled up on one side under a heavy rock, with beads and corn In the crude grave. The child appeared : to have been about eight years old i when It died. are bound by state constitutions to prohibition and, although several are among those that have voted for re peal of the Eighteenth amendment, few of them have taken any step to ward arranging for answering the question that national repeal might propound. Pennsylvania's dry law would be__jmtome"fi cally repealed if the national law were. In the District of Columbia, whose laws are written by congress, there 1b doubt as to the condition that will exist if the Eighteenth amendment is repealed. Relief has been ex pressed that the Volstead act would remain in effect in the Nation's Cap ital until repealed by congress or su perseded by a lo?al enforcement act regulating liquor sale. Coast Engineer Builds 45-Foot Yacht Himself Hayward, Calif. ? Unable to pur chase a yacht to fulfill his life-long i ambition to sail the seven seas, Fred erick W. Pelanoy, Hnyward mechan leal engineer, turned his handcraft to use to achieve his desire. After several years of spare time 1 labor, I >elanoy has built a trim 4.r> loot cabin cruiser, which he claim? will outride any storm on any ocean lie plans to launch the "(ferric II" i soon for a trial trip. Powered with a 14f> horse power ma rlne engine and equipped with many labor-saving devices, Delanoy plans to I make several trial crulseS before head | Ing out across the Pacific with a party j of friends on a two years' world cruise | Horses Standing Idle; Bull a Better Worker Hartford. ? While horses stand in the barn Idle, a bull ? Willie Hoy ? Is driven by Oscar Norden, Flartfor.d farmer, for light work because he I "does It better." Norden hitches Willie Itoy to a single row cultivator, or other light I machinery whlvh the eighteen month I old animal can easily pull alone. Nor I den has worked the bull for nearly six months. 44 College Graduates Sent to Oregon Prison Salem, Ore. ? Included In 1)87 prl soners received at the Oregon State penitentiary during the laat two years wero 44 college graduates and only 23 who were wholly Illiterate, a re port of the warden shows. Two hun dred and sixty-three prisoners ha.t high school educations, fll.'J common school. Saves P?nnl?i to W?d Eugene, Ore. ? "A penny saved, i penny gained," la the motto of CllftO/ Culp. When he applied for a mar rlage llcentie to wed Flora Perry, h? paid the $3 fee In pennies. This Week b Arthur Brisbane State No. 24 - Something Is Moving Cuba Welcomes Jews Science Goes Ahead Before the prohibition vote started Id the state of Washington some ear nest drys snhl : "A shock Is coming to the wets In this case." What came Is no longer a shock. Washington going wet as rapidly as possible, had decided to be state No. 24 In the wet column, with never a state In the dry column. The United States seems to know what It does not " want. Railroad figures Indicate that some thing Is moving In the United Statas. General Atterbury of Pennsylvania has already paid back all of the mil lions that he borrowed from the It. F. C. to finance the electrification of his railroad from New York to Philadel phia, anil tire "first f>9" railroads mak ing July reports show Increases of net operating income for the month of July of 420 per cent, or from S'J,42.'t, 000 to $40,454,000. When the rail roads prosper, the country prospers, for then goods are moving and money Is being spent. A little while ago Spain and Por tugal said to the Jews, "We do cot want you, get out." The Jews left, ami commercial prosperity went with them to Holland and to Kngland. Time's whirligig takes another turu, and Cuba, controlled largely by men of Spanish blood, Invites Jews to come from GerinanyroPferlng a sincere wel come and easy naturalization as citi zens. Cuba's new President, Cespedes, says "the new government will make every effort to aid the Jews In be coming Cuban citizens, and finding here the 'promised land." " Marconi, truly grout because lie in creases knowledge, comfort and safety, Announces u short-wave Instrument to protect airplanes anil ships. It will tell the flyer his height above the earth and the ship captain how near the bottom Is to the ship's keel. Mar coni provides the improved "altitude measuring" machine that flyers need. Thanks to Mrs. Franklin L). Roose velt's kind heart, there has been es tablished a camp for "forgotten women." There they are well fed. A klnd nearted "counselor" "sees to it that they rest after meals." It Is comfort ing to read of that. The pity is that the women who camp in kitchen and the laundry, whose exercise Is mend ing, darning, washing the children and making their clothes, have nobody to Impress on them that they should "rest after meals." I Another girl, number eight, has swum the English channel. Twenty two years old, named Sunny Lowry, she finished In fifteen hours and forty minutes, one hour and ten minutes ! behind Gertrude Kderle's record. These chant-el swims show what terrific powe.* u' (endurance nature has given to women, fighting choppy waves, strong currents, cold water, and swimming violently with strain on heart and courage, all the way. Women need the power. slnc< part of their task Is to produce the entire human race. Dispatches from l^ondon have re peatedly reported the Kngllsh a? ! "smiling" at Ireland's hostile attitude i toward Britain. The smiles are part ly explained by the news thnt Irish sales of goods abroad, Kngland be ing the principal market, have dropped j by nearly $ 1 f>0, '>00.000 during the first | seven months of this y err ? f, how I ever, the Irish have eaten their own butter, ducks, chickens, eggs and beef. Instead of sending them to Kng land. that would not be sifch bad news. # Everything -S for the best In this best of all possible worlds, presum ably, but angels that don't know bow we manage must be surprised when Oabrlel says to them: "Down there, with hundreds of millions hungry, they are cutting down earth's food supply, , diminishing t.he planting of wheat by law, and with other mil lions half or entirely naked, they are cutting down the cotton acreage by law." Those that have lived In Bavaria and know the religious character of the people will be interested In the statement that "the Bavarian village of Malnbernhelm, In repairing the steeple of the Kvangellcal church, mounted the swastika emblem Instead of the usual cross." "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" Is old, but "an ear for an ear" Is new. The news about It comes from Valencia, Hpaln, land of bull fighting. When a bull fighter does something bravo It Is ctyitomnry to make him a present of an ear cut from the slain bull. This he nails up for the ndmlratlon of his friends, as Kngllsh fo* hunter* nail tip the "brush" and "mnsk" of the fox. Ruled by a feeling of justice, Valencia's bull fighter* have decided that an unusually brave bull deserves something, and to such a hull they give a human ear, only It Is a human ear made of sliver, not actually cut from the body of a man. ?, 19)1)1, hy King Feature# Syndic* ??, Inc. WNU S?rvlo* Smart Fashions for Immediate Wear By CHERIE NICHOLAS CREELING the urge, are you, which, * ever at the dawn of a season, takes possession of the style-minded, to be off with the old and on with the new? lie encouraged, ye who are about to enter on a "what-to-w ear" qmjfit, for we promise you thrilling discoveries for those who seek new clofhes for autumn-winter, year lil.'W. / A most exciting "find" for early fall wear Is the satin suit or ensem ble which Is sure to make you look slender beyond your fondest hopes. We are Jllustriiting a stunning black satin model In the picture herewith. It Is Just such as behooves every woman to consider who aspires to be clad In the latest or rather should we any the earliest so far as initiat ing the new season Is concerned The dress Is made with cap sleeves and It has n hack-mid- front yoke of white satin. Bias cut and graceful flare distinguish the skirt and please to no tice the snug tight tit? most of the skirts nre that, way In the newer styles. I The three-quarter length matching coat Is the very quintessence of chic, its full long sleeves with Inset sec tions above the elbow being obvious ly "new." Satin Is also used for the Jaunty beret. Which Is the same as saying that milliners are going to be , In' for a busy season since headgear j made of the same material as the dress or coat Is said to he going over In a big way for fall. And then there nre the new dotted sntlns, how striking they are! It Is safe to guess that you will covet an outfit fashioned of such at first sight There are also In the showing some very attractive dotted woolens. Choose either and you will be making no mis take. The model pictured happens to BLACK SATIN VOGUE EXTENDS TO HATS i Rlack satin's vogue for full wear Is extended to huts In the newest dis plays of fall millinery. Latest models in the smarter shops atn>\v a wide va rlety. The very wlde-hrlmmed hats for dressier occasions are most often found with a flat crown, some of the new models measuring only an Inch or two In depth. Their round, wide brims are an Irresistible temptation to any brisk breeze. Illirh crowned huts tire plentiful also, some of them with fairly good sized brims, but most of these are dec orated with a cluster of flowers at the base to soften the hnrsher lines An attractive model Is of black vol vet with a brlrn which dips over the | right eye. At this point at the base of the crown Is a huge hunch of pink and purple violets j The younger things seem more like ly to revel In the small hrimless mod els. Berets that have more versatility and can be pulled Into all sorts of odd angles already are giving proof of greater popularity. Fabrics of Our Childhood Come Back at Favorites Dimity, dotted swIss, muslin, all the old fabrics of our childhood, return j proudly as favorites of the new sar j tori a I season, and nre worn by the I smartest women. A simple dimity dress with verj smart accessories Is grand for town wear. A most attractive frock Is done In red and white dimity In a tiny check design. It has short full sleeves, a self-bow and tiny buttons down the bodice. Fur F?hrle Fashion* Fabrics resembling astrakhan and I'ersUn lamb are among the favorite trimmings for new wool dressea de signed to be worn without coats on early full day*. he satin. The blouse reverses the order of colors In that the background Is white, dotted with hlaek Lest you might think it n pointed-fox hon which milady Is wearing with her mcdish satin ensemble we hasten to inform .von that iter jacket is made outstand ing with one of the new shoulder ar rangements such as certain leading designers are sponsoring this season. It may also Interest you to know that quantities of monkey fur ure like wise worked Into odd epaulets and other novel shoulder trimmings. The swagger little "pill box" turban of self-dotted-satin is one of the newest of the new. Supposing you have h navy blue suit, or perhaps dress, which you lone to freshen up a bit so as to carry through the tlrst weeks of the nu tumn season ? here's how! Scout about town, you won't have to yo far. for all the smart shops and specialty de partments are displaying them ? It's the "sets" which Include scarf iind gloves made of some one or other of the new novelty fabrics to which we have reference. The picture below in the group gives you the Idea. 'Nuff said I If you happen to prefer a neck piece and gloves of velvet or satin for dressier occasions you will have nn difficulty In finding most any sort you want, for these made-of-fubric sets nre being featured In every conceivable weave. The navy blue hut which tops this Intriguing outfit has n fashionable peak which found its Inspiration in the harlequin hat which has played during the years so Important a role In fantastic dress to many an admlr lng audience. ?, 1933. Western Newspapor Union. HAIR ORNAMENT? lly ('II Kit IK Nil, 'IIOI. AH Pnrls Is sponsoring the discreet rhlnestone hair ornament. I'lie one which poses on the exquisitely <-f ? J fTo?l bond of the pretty young lady pic tured Is In leaf design. levelling fiend dresses which suggest n return to fnvor of formnl jewelry have also been noted nt mnny high functions, such ns, for instance, n Juliet enp of Rllver luce menli wltfi n bund of pcnrls. nlso n coronet done In gold wire wltfi sprny* of crystal lenves. Which Is only the beginning of the program so fashion seers tell lis. Prints for F.vftnirig Tliere's n renl old fashioned flnvor In some of the new nvenlng gown mate, rials printed satin, printed velvet In pnrtlcular. Developed Into gowns with n Inst -century look, they enn ndd much to the charm of the wardrobe.