Cheraw chronicle. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1896-2005, March 04, 1915, Image 7
REDUCTION OF POUL
Sanitary Houses are Nece
All kinds of grain, both whole and
ground, are so high in price that it
will pay us to study how to feed the
hens as cheaply as possible and still
secure good results.
Bran is a heavy expense, and the
amount used can be greatly lessened
by feeding cut clover, or cowpea hay.
fT"U ?-l ~ tkn alamonta as
1UCOC t'UUVOJU IUC Dauig ?wheat
bran and are very palatable for
the hens when steamed.
Cut or break the hay Into small
pieces, pack into a tub or bucket and
pour over It all the boiling water It
will absorb, then cover closely and let
stand thirty or forty minutes before
feeding. In the winter when the hens
cannot get green grass they relish this
very much.
Sprouted grains are another cheap
food. This was sold a few years ago
as a poultry "secret" of feed at fifteen
cents a bushel. Oats are generally
used for this, although wheat, rye and
other grains are as good.
The grain should be soaked for
twenty-four hours, or even thirty-six
hours, in warm water, then spread
In shallow boxes and kept in a warm
place*- Keep moist by sprinkling two
? or three times a day with warm water.
Feed when the sprouts are about two
inches long.
ffc*? hma toIII oat rnlnil And 8T)routs
AUQ uvuu ii m vmv o<
both and by the process of sprouting
the amount of feed is greatly Increased
without Increasing the cost
Sunflower seeds, If raised in the odd
corners where nothing else will grow
to advantage, really cost us nothing.
Hang the heads up where the hens
will have to work a little to get them,
or scatter the seeds around in the litter.
If these seeds are fed mixed with
WEANING LITTLE PIGS
Much Depends on Number of Utters
in a Year.
V Shaped Troughs Placed on Comsnt
Floors Arc' Most Satisfactory?
Broken Pieces of Charcoal Are
Relished by Animals.(By
J. J. FULLER.)
The length of time pigs should be
allowed to suckle their dams depends
largely on whether one or two litters
?
Corner of Farrowing Pen Equipped
With Fender to Prevent Sow From
Crushing Any of the Pigs When She
Lies Down.
a year are to be raised. If but one
litt-er, the pigs may nurse 12 or 13
weeks; where two litters are produced,
the pigs cannot nurse longer
than eight weeks. The sows should
be separated from the pigs, only returning
to them two or three times
and then only long enough for the
pigs to empty the udder.
After weaning time the sows are no
longer given the rich, heavy ration
supplied during the nursing period.
Until their milk flow stops they should
be put on grass with plenty of fresh
water to drink and given bnt a limited
allowance of dry feed.
After the pigs are weaned they
should be continued on the ration
which had been given them when
running with the mothers. The ration
can be most satisfactorily given in the
form of a thick slop and fed in
Cement Feeding Floors Save Feed?
The V-Sha * Troughs Are Desir
able.
V-shaped troughs placed on a cement
feeding floor. Shelled corn also may
be fed on a clean spot on the floor.
Either wood or corncob charcoal
broken into pieces about the size of a
hickory nut. is greatly relished by the
early pigs while still confined in the
spring before pasture grasses are
available.
The farmer who has skim milk,
clover or alfalfa. and grows com will
need to purchase but little feed for his
swine. Middlings, oil meal and tankage
are all valuable nitrogenous feeds
and should be fed as supplements to
TRY YARD EXPENSES
===== If ..===
ssary for the Laying Hens.
the other gralnB that are scattere*
in the litter, or as a change from th
others, it will of course not be necet
sary to feed so much of the expensive
grainfe.
The small potatoes and the potatc
parings and trimmings from othe
vegetables used In the house can b
boiled, Baited and peppered, as for th
table, and a little bran and cornmea
mixed with them, just enough to tak
up the surplus moisture, so that th<
mixture will not be sloppy. Thif
makes a good, and also a very inex
pensive mash feed, With it may bi
mixed the meat scraps.
Beef bones and scraps should be rui
through a bone cutter, or be choppe<
up by hand into small pieces, befor
giving to the hens.
Skim milk costs really nothing 01
the farms, and if the hens have all o
It they will drink, they will "not eat s*
much other food.
If th"se cheap feeds are handle*
right, it will leave only the last fee*
at night to be of the high-price*
grains, and if well fed during the da;
on these other things, they will no
eat so much of it then.
They should have a good feed o
grain, mostly corn, for their supper, ii
order to keep them healthy and sui
ply )>odily heat during the col*
weather.
By following these suggestions, th
hens can be almost entirely kept 01
the waste products of the farm, an*
what is received for the eggs will b
nearly all profit. 1
If properly housed and given plent:
of clean water to drink, they will la:
well on this bill of fare, and we cai
rejoice over a good supply of egg
when the prices are soaring.
corn. Of course too liberal feeding o
corn in the early growing periods i
injurious. Usually, for the first six ti
eight weeks after weaning, it is no
best to make corn more than one
third of the grain ration. Skim mill
is always a splendid feed for swine
and if available in sufficient quantltie
to form the greater nart of thd Uquii
mtheration, oil meal need cioTT*
fed. One hundred pounds of tiktn
milk are sometimes considered eqfta
in value for pig feeding to one-half i
bushel of corn.
STORAGE OF SWEET POTATI
Ordinary Cave or Cyclone Cella
Makes Very Acceptable House?
Crates Give Best Results.
(By N. O. BOOTH, Department of Hortl
culture, Oklahoma Agricultural Col
1P7P \
Sweet potatoes should be kept In i
building which is almost Impenetrable
to outside heat or cold. One of the
best buildings we have found for thi
purpose is the ordinary cave or c>
clone cellar. Such a cave, if flttei
with double ventilators, makes a ver;
acceptable sweet potato Btoragi
house.
The potatoes themselves had bes
be stored in crates, although rack
give quite good results. Ab soon a
they are taken from the field into th<
house, fire should be started in th<
stove, and the temperature run up t<
100 to 110 degrees. This should bi
kept up from four to ten days unti
the potatoes are perfectly dry. Thi
temperature should then be allowei
to fall, and by opening the doors a
night and closing them early in thi
morning the temperature should bi
kept down to between 45 and 50 de
grees. In this manner sweet pota
toes may be kept ordinarily quite sat
isfactorily.
Push the pullets along to rapid ma
turity.
*
Never yell at a horse, it reflects upoi
yourself.
?
Swiss chard has proved worthy of i
place in the garden.
Give the cream room for agitation
which insures quick churning.
*
In producing milk we get no profl
until the cost of feed is covered.
Carrots should be so irrigated as t<
be kept in a good growing condition.
*
It is the fault of some man if i
horse has bad manners, or a ^ad habit
Don't keep the ram with the ewes
Give him light, clean, dry quarters b;
himself. Keep him thrifty by good car*
and sufficient feed.
Lying on cement is apt to brinj
lumps on the upper part of the legs o
cattle Either bed deep or plank Ui<
cement over.
LIVE-STOCK-FRUIT-DAIRYING-OAR
New Wrinkles F A
,n AT
Progressive
Agriculture jp* J J7
TOLD IN AN INTERESTING MANNE
PRUDENT TREATMENT OF EWE
In Winter Keep Her on Clover or Alfalfa
Hay Until After Lamb
^ Comes?Give 8ome Wheat Bran.
y A sensible treatment of the ewe
8 that Iambs In winter Is to keep her
mostly on clover or alfalfa hay until
y after her lamb comes. There will be
r no need to limit the amount of hay
8 that she consumes after lambing and J
9 then when her lamb takes all her
1 milk and wishes more, begin feeding
9 her a little wheat bran. For a week
9 bran will suffice, gradually Increasing
1 the amount fed, then there may be
;* added to It a little chopped corn or
9 barley and a little later some oil-mdal.
A pound a day of this mixture will
9 keep her in good milk flow and it
* must be gradually led up to for about
9 ten days.
About the right proportions of this
9 mixture are lOu pounds of wheat bran,
' 100 pounds of chopped corn and 20
0 pounds of oil-meal. This with clover
or alfalfa hay will push her to a very
3 heavy milk flow. If she is a large
3 ewe she may consume more than a
? pound to advantage, as much as two
7 pounds being consumed by some large
1 Dorset ewes. %
If this feed is so gradually Intro7
duced. to the ewe that her digestion is
9 not disturbed nor her milk flow stunh
ulated too much at first, there is small
1 danger of overfeeding hei), supposing
that the lamb is to be pushed for
0 early market Her unselfish nature
n turns the feed quickly into milk and
d little of it goes to nourish her own
6 body.
7 HORSES IN STORMY WEATHER
7
Sufficient Care Not Always Observed
When Animal Haa Been Heated
After 8trcnuoua Drive.
f 1 is not generally realized to what
B an extent loss in horseflesh is snfu
fered on account of exposure in stormy
t and cold weather, not only in cities,
h but also on farms. When the norse is
u driven rapidly or required to draw
. heavy loadrf, the action of the heart is
| increased, the blood circulatee more
] freely gad rapidly to the lungs amfl
a the surface of the-b^rp-art"**?
a comes heated. Then the horse sweat?
j more or, less, and when'lh this condhi
a tion is more sensitive and more liable
to be injured by currents of cold air or
by exposure to rain. This is not ?uf*
flclently considered, and it is a very
* common occurrence to see such a
horse left by his driver to stand in the
r street without any protection whatever
until he is chilled through. Even
where there is some appearance of
care, in the way of providing a blanket
? for use on such occasions, this is frequently
put on in such a way as to
a leave the most sensitive portions of
e the body exposed. When a horse is
s allowed to stand so the currents of
a cold air strike the breast, the result
r. is likely to be more or less serious
1 lung trouble, and this may be brought
y about in much less time than many
a suppose.
t SLAUGHTER HOGS IN WINTER
8
9 Good Plan to Provide Double Hook,
0 Bent Into "U" Shape, to Supe
port Gambrel Stick.
o
0 Farmers use a pole to hang the
1 hogs on at slaughtering time in win0
ter. On this pole a gambrel stick is
* placed, the ends being inserted In
1 the hock of the animal's leg. It is
0 always a hard job to do the hanging
0 and place the gambrel stick at the
^ same time, writes Leslie R. Sutter of
>* Towanda, 111., in Popular Mechanics.
A better way is to provide a double
hook of metal, heavy enough to support
the animal, and hang the gambrel
stick on this hook, as shown.
The metal may be square or round,
bent into a U-shape of such dimensions
that it will fit over the timber
used in hanging the hogs' and with a
hook formed on each end. It is an
i- easy matter to insert the. gambrel
while the hog is lying on the work
table, then lift it by the gambrel and
a place the latter on the hooks.
Winter Shed for Wagons.
a If there is no room in the barn for
the wagons during winter time, a few
dollars will build a shed in which to
i, sueuer mem irom me storms. iut)
saving in paint and strength of wood
would astonish you if there was any
t way to estimate it.
Fresh Pork Is Relished.
3 Have you got a pig in the pen for
fattening? Fresh pork is relished at
this time of the year and there Is no
% reason why the farmer should not be
entitled to the best that may be had.
The farmer's wife has plenty of work
to do this time of year without dress^
ing chickens.
Look Over Seed Corn. '
Now is the time to begin looking
over the seed corn. Test it carefully
* with some of the improved seed testers.
It is much better to test youf
9 seed corn in the house than to test it
in the field when planting time comes.
1
I
1
HOW TO HANDLE PRIi
DENIM-FIELD CROPS-SILOS-PISS
RjM Making the j [
- ?y Farmer*'
Business
| ^ Profitable
R EXPRESSLY FOR OUR READERS
ROADS IN BETTER CONDITION
Split-Log Drag of Great 8ervice in
keeping Thoroughfares in 8hape
?How It Is Built
The use of the split-leg drag Is important
in putting the reads in shape.
There are over 2,000,000 miles of earth
rojhds In the country, and the split-log
dfag is of great service in keeping
them in economical repair. The drag
is, used In many stateB and in foreign
cc^intrles. It is used with two, three,
on four horses, and is easily constructed.
lit is a mistake to construct a heavy
dfag. A dry red cedar log is the best
material for a drag. Red elm and walnut
when thoroughly dried are excellent,
and box elder, soft maple or even
willow are preferable to oak, hickory
or ash.
The log should be seven or eight
reel long, ana irom ten 10 iweive
inches in diameter, and carefully split
down the middle. The heaviest and
best slabs should be selected for the
front At a point on the front slab
four Inches from the end that is to be
at the middle of the road locate the
center of the hole to receive a cross
stake, and 22 inches from the other
end of the front slab locate the center
for another cross stake. The hole
for the middle stake will lie on a line
connecting and halfway between the
pther two.
The back slab should then be placed
in a position behind the other. From
the end at the middle of the road
measure 20 inches for the center of
the cross stake, and tlx inches from
the other end locate the center of the
' * If
The Split-Log Drag.
? >
outside stake. Find the center of the
middle hole as before. When these
holes are brought opposite each other,
one end of the back slab will lie 16
inches nearer the center of the roadway
than the front one. The holes
should be two inches in diameter. Care
must be taken to hold the auger plumb
in boring these holes in order that
the stakes shall fit properly.
. The two slabs ehould be held 30
Inches apart by the stakes. The
stakes should taper gradually toward
the ends. There should be no shoulder
at the point where the stakes en
ter the slab. The stakes should be
fastened in place by wedges only.
When the stakes have been placed In
position and tightly wedged a brace
two inches thick and four inches wide
shopld be placed diagonally to them
at the ditch end. The brace should be
dropped on the front slab, so chat its
lower edge shall lie within an inch of
the ground, while the other end
should rest in the angle, between the
slab and the end stake. A strip of
iron about three and one-half feet long,
three or four inches wide, and one-half
of an inch thick may be used for the
blade.
An ordinary trace chain is strong
enough to draw the implement, provided
the clevis is not fastened
throiich a link The chain should be
wrapped around the rear stake, then
passed over the front slab. Raising the
chain at* this end of the slab allows
the earth to drift past the face of the
drag. The other end of the chain
should be passed through the hole in
the end of the slab.
Make-Up of Dairy Cow.
A wide, deep and full barrel or side
is very important in a dairy cow. She
must have plenty of room in which to
manufacture milk from food and a
large barrel indicates large digestive
organs. A w ide mouth and long, strong
jaws also indicate that Bossy is, like
Bill Nye, "fond of food." She ought
also to have a large belly and moderately
high flank.
Beautify Home Grounds.
Set out fruit trees where they will
add to the beauty of the giounds.
[
J
Black Lai
First, know what sort of a bird is a
prize winner. To do this study the
pictures of winning birds that are
shown in the farm papers and poultry
Journals. Compare the best of your
flock with these. When you go among
the flock to pick your birds, look for
those that have grown rapidly, and are.
well feathered.
Don't take those that have dull, lifeless
feathers.
Don't take any that are ont of proportion,
or that show any sort of a
malformation, as a crooked back or
breastbone.
Don't take birds which are supposed
to have clean legs and feet and
which have feathers there Instead. It
doesn't pay to show fowls which will
uo uio\^uauuou.
There are minor faults, however,
which may- be overlooked. For it
doesn't matter greatly whether a cockerel
has one too many points on his
comb. Too mnch stress shoold not be
laid on fanlts which do not really disqualify.
After the birds arw selected, they
should be tamed. Tame birds act better
in the show room. Take them up
and handle them. Practice putting
them intb show coops, handling them
- i,B6 M, trtfttep
Neve/ take a Mid. sip by its (bet. Pot
It into the coop head first and take It
' ULf"' T- ^ r'r'.r I
moldy Peed bad for hens
Cause of Many Deaths Among Poultry,
Particularly Among Young Chicks,
Can Be Prevented.
Don't give poultry moldy feed. It
causes aspergillosis and chickens afflicted
with this are "lungers."
"Moldy feed and moldy litter in
poultry houses are the cause of many
deaths among poultry, and particularly
I ??? T n Wove*
aiuuug JUUl vulvae, oaj a v, .??, ?
of the poultry department of the University
of Wisconsin. These molds
taken Into the body of the fowl cause
1 a disease known as aspergillosis which
' Is as fatal as the name sounds. Among
poultry men, the chicks affected with
this trouble are commonly spoken of
as "lungers."
The chick stands around in a drowsy
manner and shows little desire to
eat. The wings hang down, the breath
is rapid, and white diarrhea Is present.
Indeed, the disease Is many
times mistaken for white diarrhea.
Older birds, when attacked, are inactive
and sleepy. If forced to run, they
will fall from exhaustion. The breathing
is rapid, the appetite is diminished
and more or less catarrh is present.
An affected chick will be found to
have soft yellow growths from the size
of a plnhead to that of a pea, mainly
in the lungs but sometimes in the intestines
and mesentery. These growths
' clog tho; air passages of the lungs and
so cause the death of the birds. In
mature fowls there are two forms of
the disease. The membranes lining
the air sacs and tubes may be covered
with a membranous formation which
is soft and yellowish and has an offensive
odor. Or there may be wbite
or yellowish nodules imbedded in the
tissues of the lung*. In e'tber case
the disease Is incurable.
But since It is caused by moldy feed
or moldy litter it can be entirely prevented
by cleaning up the poultry
bouse once in a while and keeping
moldy feed and litter away from the
flock. This is only one of the many
poultry troubles that can be avoided
by clean feed and clean pens and
yards.
indication of Fowl's Health.
The condition of the bowels is the
best indication of the fowl's health.
When the droppings are more or less
hard, of a dark brown color, capped
with white, we know the fowl is enjoying
the best of health. But when they
are watery and yellow, indigestion, if
not liver trouble, is the cause.
Persistence Makes Sucsess.
Those who become discouraged at
a few failures will seldom succeed
with poultry. Failures are often met
in any line, and poultry is no exception
to this rule. It takes persistence
to make a success at anything.
4
ZE-WINNING POULTRY
% ' v y . s , ' >
a,.
* h^reb^e
HI
igehans.
oat by grasping it by the thighs, over
the wing and nnder the breast la
this way the bird cannot flap its wings
and break them, and yon cause It no
discomfort Practice up on some of
your common stock before you tackle
your show birds. When you have
learned how to do it you can handle
them all you wish.
Do not overfeed your birds before
shipping. If you are going to ship to
a show where the birds are weighed
In, see to It that they arrlTe at the
show rooms with good appetites. The
show management will see to It that
they are properly fed before being
weighed. Feed just what they will
clean np and remore, the rest It
doesn't pay to cram before shipping. '
When they arrive, they have no appetites,
and are weighed in to poor ad* ,
vantage. \
The male birds should be kept sepa-' ' - . ji
rate. Otherwise the two best ones
are almost sure to get to fighting Just
before the show, and will thus be dot
of condition. If you must keep them
together, be sure that your show bird s,
is master of the coop. Otherwise he
becomes cowed and will not show to )
VARIETY fOR WINTER EGGS
???
Best Results Secured From Laying
Fowls by Using Ground Food,
j Meat and Green Stuff.
Variety of feed is what makes the
winter eggs. Corn three times a day
as a rule huuas up raity (issue, muu
hens lazy and reduces profit.
"Animal food, ground food and a
generous supply of green stuff produce
the best results for laying fowls,"
says J. O. Halpin, head of the poultry
department of the University of Wisconsin.
1 The exercise so needful for poultry
can be provided in winter by working
the grain ration well into the litter of
fresh straw that should he provided as
a carpet on the feeding floors. A good
variety of grain should be provided;
some corn, wheat, oats and barley
mixed together, or fed alternately,
makes a satisfactory ration.
A grain ration for winter use that
has given good results at the experiment
station farm consists of two
parts corn, two parts wheat, one part
oats and one part barley. ' ?
It is recommended that the ground
feed be placed in a small mash box
or trough where the ben can nave
ready access to it. The following mixture
of ground feeds ijk considered to
be quite satisfactory: One hundred
pounds bran, 100 pounds middlings,
100 pounds ground corn, 50 pounds
malt sprouts, 50 pounds meat Scraps
and sufficient salt.
Green Bone for Fowls.
Green bone can be fed advantageously
to fowls intended for different
purposes and kept under different
conditions. It is a great help in hastening
the growth of young birds, but
the greatest help of this food to the
average poultry raiser is in feeding it
during the winter months to supply
animal food. When fed to laying
hens the yield will be increased wonderfully,
and the poultry raiser will
be well paid for the labor expended
in cutting. It is a food which all 9
fowls eat readily, and one that must
be fed judiciously.
Care of Details Important.
As a rule it is the taking care of the
little things that goes furthest toward
making a success of any business.
This Is especially true In the poultry
business. Until one masters this feature
of the work he cannot hope to be
a real success. This Is one reason why
many women are really successful in
the raising of chickens. They have the
inborn faculty for detail in their work.
Increase the Meat Ration.
Remember, in cold weather to ln?
crease the meat ration, as the hens
need it to keep up the heat for the
body.
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