The Clinton chronicle. (Clinton, S.C.) 1901-current, August 01, 1935, Image 1
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,VOLUME XXXV
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THE CHRONICLB
^Toa De(i*t G^~
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DfflECT RELIEF
SMARFLY PARB)
Hint Work ProgFRii About fo
Matorlnliie. WA Projects
£xpecU4 To Give Work To
Grcnt Number. Aufiist Total
Cot Millioiis.
I
- /.
WaahiBfton, July 80.—^intinf that
the iona-delas^ yfork relief program
finally if about to set underway, the
work relief allotment committee today
-pare4 down the sum set aside for di>
rect relief in August to $95,000,000.
With 19,250,000 persons supported
wbolty or in part hy federal funds, the
recommendation compared with $120,-
000,000 allotted for June relief and
$115,000,000 in July.
O^icials said seasonal occupations
were reducing the number on relief.
It was added, however, that works
progress administration projects are
expected to provide jobs for several
hundred thousand during the coming
month. At the same time, officials ex
plained that few jobs wo^d be created
because 2,500,000 already have work
under the relief administration and
half of these must be transferred to
the new type of projects.
The national youth administration,
promised $50,000,000 when it was set
up, was put down for $28,000,000 in a
$370,056,258 spending lists sent to the
president's desk. Officials said this
would be spent on $6 a month jobs for
250,000 relief family high school stu
dents, on $16 a month for 100,000 col
lege students, and $30 a month for
4,000 scholars doing post-graduate
work. ^
Approval of the program coincided
with announcement by Harry L. Hop
kins that the relief administration
would provide instruction for 2,000,-
000 adults—and jobs for about 40,000
needy tmchera-^ the education pro
gram it will resume this fall.
Following conferences between Mr.
Roosevelt, Comptroller Ceneral J. R.
MeCarl,4.aiMl S^retary Ickes, whose
department administers Puerto Rico,
the committee also recommended ex
penditures of $85,000,000 by the
Puerto Rico Reconstruction corpor
ation in improving conditions on the
island^
^ Other reeomihendatuma ineluded:
$200,000,000 for thr^ivilian conserva
tion corps, whose 400,000 members
make up almost all the jobs so far
provided by the $4,000,000,000 pro
gram; $6,652,603 for projects in 13
states; $6,765,197 for grade crossipg
elimination work, and $5,496,000 for
highway and street improvements in
Michigan. These sums already had
been allotted,, but approval of specific
‘ projects was necessary before funds
could be released.
During the day the president allot
ted $3,450JK)0 to the public health ser
vice for a sunrey of chronic diseases,
and $2,696,714 as donations on 29 non-
federal projects. The pid>lic works ad
ministration revolving fund will loan
$1,835,500 to cover the remaining 55
per cent of ^e cost on 25 of these.
Ickes at his press conference said
he could not estimate the extent of
the new PW.^; program, explaining
that its magnitWle would depend upon
PWA’s success in selling securities it
accepted as collateral:
AAA Legal, Sa]rs
Memfdiis Court
Federal Jad|re Denies' R^ht of
ConsUtotioiiaUsts To *^iiscle
Bind** Nation.
X
Memphis, July 27.—Federal Judge
John D. Martin in an oral opinion
hamied down tonight upheld the con-
stitutionelity of tiie agrkultund ad
justment act in dismissing a suit to
recover $6,^^ paid by'^a Memphis
padcer in prooesaing taxes,
jfudge Martin also denied an injimc-
tion to Jacob G. Lacroix, packing com
pany proprietor and the plaintiff, to
restrain the government from eolject-
ing a penalty of $1,267 for failure to
file a tax return within the legal time
limit.
Hugh Magevney, counsel for the
plaintiff, said the case will be appeal
ed to the supreme court.
'^Certain district judges,**^ Judge
Martin said, *^ve pronounce the act
unconstitutional and the United States
court of appeals for the First circuit
in a two to one decision was so held.
“But this court, with lack of bind
ing authority, feels free, despite* the
decision of respected district judges
and the respected court of appeals, to
pronounce independent views.’*
Judge Martin said an analysis of the
act “leads to the conclusion that the
taxing power is not delegated $o the
secretary of agriculture.”
“Consider the background of the
acV Judge Martin said.^It was pass
ed. when, an emergency existed. The
situation was desperate, manifestly
new measures were needed if pros
perity were to be regained.
“No more serious problem existed
than the predicament of the farmer.
And so the. agicultural adjustment
act was born. It remained unchalleng
ed so far as its constitutionaliCy Was
cohcehi^ for many months until im
provement in the agricultural situ
ation was noted, f
“In the opinion of this court,, rea
soning practically, if any legislation
has ever been necessary for the good
of the United States and its farmers,
it was the AAA.
“Concerning its constitutionality,
the general welfare clause of the Con
stitution givM legality to such a tax.
The moet eetioua question argued by
eouna^ is whether the act is delegat
ing a taxing power to the secretary of
agriculture, (^nipress has set out pro
ducts to be taxed and has fixed the ba
sis for such taxation rate,, It is only
left to the secretary of agriculture to
follow this scale.”
Judge Martin asserted it “Was hot
the intention df the Oonstituilon mak
ers to muscle bind tbe country with
extraneous phrases.”
“I repeat,” he said, 'Hhat this tax
was for the general welfare of the
people.” ^
Commenting on the general welfare
clause. Judge Martin said “in the
court’s opinion > this clause has been
abused by some courts and too^much
stress placed on other phrases con-
necied with it.”
CPNT0N,-S. a, THURSDAY, AUGUST^l, 1936 ^
■pmBmKnmmsaBBccnsaamnpBmBsr=aBamninBka»££ainmadlSnsmaafaBaea
NUMBER 31
jftgTtmtft.
hOuia shllHS^^N^
THE CONSTlTU'nON DRAFTED
KN SECRET CONVENTION
The delegates who met in Philadel
phia on iMay 25, 1787, chose General
George .Waahini^n, sA the Virginta
delegation, as their chairman. Doctor
Constitution’s purpose, except as the
central authority of the “tnore perfect
union” followed the precise rules and
obeyed the rigid restrictions imposed
in the body ol the document.
TTie sessions of the convention were
Bepjamin Franklin, a delegate from held behind closed doora. Every dele-
Pennsylvania, had declined because of
his advanced years.
The delegates knew before they met
that , certain things had to be done.
They stated those in the preamble.
“To form a more perfect union.” It
was that or ruin. The alliance under
the Articles of Confederation was de
cidedly imperfect.
“To establish justice.” There were
no courts in existence that had juris
diction acrossxstate lines. Only the
“more perfect Union” could “insuie
domestic tranquility,X for states were
already making threatening gestures
at each other.
gate was pledged npt_io discuss the
proceedings with outsiders. All notes,
memoranda and documents which
might give an inkling of what was gb-
rhe
ing on were carefully guarded. The'
Emphasis Laid
On Private Jobs
Hopkins To Stop Dole For Those
^fusing To Take LAbor Of
fered Them:
Washington, July 27. — Harry tu
Hopkins’s works progress^iwiministra-
plans for a
imtion-wide drive to stimulate the sup
ply of private jobs for those on rali^.
Coupled was a determination to cut
off the dole those refusing private
employment.
In making known th new move, of-
4^ial8 said the transfer of every man
friction between many of the thirteen poRs|ble from relief to a private job,
newly liberated nations was so intense
and political animosities ran so high,
that the work of the convention might
easily have been ruined by the pre
mature di.sclosure of its deliberations.
The only official record of the con
vention recorded merely the items
agreed upon, clause by clause. The
only report of the debates was in
notes made by the delegates thcm-
‘Tp prpvide fpr the common de-
fen.se;” The experience of the Revolu
tion had taught them the necessity of
united action in war.
“To promote the general welfare.”
It must be remembered that-4he pre
amble of the Constitution is merely a
statement of purpose and intent. The
courts have many times ruled that no
powers are granted to the federal gov
ernment .under it. Many efforts have
been made to construe this -declara
tion of the purpose of promoting the
general welfare, as a blanket authori
zation to the central government to do
whatever, in its judgment, might tend
to that end.
That is not j^he case. The Constitu
tion which came out of four months
of deliberation specifically delegated
certain, powers and strictly Hifiited the
federal government to those powers.
The states did not delegate broad au
thority to congress to do whatever it
pleased, even “to secure the blessings
of liberty to ourselves and our pos
terity,” as the preamble states the
selves. The convention was thrown in
even if^temporary, was essential if the
$4,000,0(^^00' work fund was tp end
direct reliefXy November — the g6al
set for employing^500,000.
But the drive, inwlpch state works
progress directors andH^eir subordi
nates will assume the tasl^o^seeking
to promote a resort t^relief^XdJs by
p^Mtrariiy nCed-
to consternation one day, when James
Madison reported that his notes of the
previous session were missing. A fran-
the permanent absorption of those on
relief. The goal waa_ to reduce the
amount of fe<leral relief appropri
ations needed after the present fund is
LEAGUE FUTURE
NOW AT STAKE
Statesmen Gather In Geneva Jo
Try To Avgrt African War,
With Discord Expected. Eden,
of—England, Apparently To
Lead In Drama.
SITUATION IN BRIEF
Geneva — League^future seen at
stake at council members arrive for
momentous session on ItaJo-Ethiopian
dispute.
I*ari8 — Anthony Eden, of Britain,
Pierre Laval of France seek way to
peace. No progress reported.
Rome—Italy sends diplomats north
to Geneva, troops south to Africa.
Addis Ababa—Field army of 100,-
000 leaves capital, .reportedly-for the
fronT; Ethiopians hear Italian Somalis
in revolt.
private employers te^xtrarily ne«^ London-Authoritative quarters say
m* more workers wil emphasize to!C^i„|„ to press II Dues to accept
eco-
tic search of the hall was made. Every i gone.
member was questioned. The delegates 1 The privaUp work drive was in ad-
went to bed that night in a state of jdition to 3,500,000 Jobs relief officials
great knxiely. The next morning, how-[contended would be .supplied indirect-
ever, Mr. Madison reported that he ly by an estimate;! expenditure of
had found the missing notes in a pock
et of the coat he had worn the day.
before. •
There was great uncertainty as to
whether any document which the con
vention could draft wo|ild serve to hold
the states together. B^tor Franklin
-voiced the apprehens^n of' all the
delegates.. The back of the presiding
officer’s chair was ornament^ with a
carved device representing the sun,
with rays shooting out iti all direc
tions. Whether that was a rising sun
or a setting sun, only the result of
the deliberations there could deter
mine, said Doctor Franklin.
(Next week: “Congress the Supreme
Power”).
Student Outlook
Brin^t At P.C.
CoOege Expecting Large Fraah-
man Class. Applicaiions Show
Increase Over Last Year.
Federal Relief
Clients Decline
Fewer Names On RoUs In South
Carolina, Bat Expenditures
Show Increase.
Waahingtom^J uly 27. •— Federal - re
lief clients inl^oth Carolina declined
in number 1.4 per cent from May to
June, and et the same time the state’s
expenditures for federal relief in
creased a half^of one per-cent
Throughout the country, the num
ber of families, on relief dropped 6.6
per e4nt in the same period, while ex-
p^aditures declined 9.8 per cent.
In June, 45,568 families received re
lief in the Palmetto state, compared
with 46,202 in May. June eiq;>enditure8
amount^ to $1369^46, and those for
May were $l,86io,617.
The total number of relief clieiita in
the nation was 4,100J)32 in May, but
this Bundier dropped to 3,830^71 in
June. The drop in expenditoret wi^
from $188,328,706 to $169^40,125,^
PERA reported.
r 1
departpMat has
^ on Aafost 18 for hi-
tumiaom surfacing of L8 mi^ of
route 7 from the Laurens eouaty line Clinton 2
Uf the dty limits of Whitmire, in New
berry eounty.'Xkwt of the project is
estimated at $45,000.
Mr. and Mrs. B. L, King, and Mf.
and Rrs. Barry FkiUips and chtidren
of Spaitaahaxg, are speadiag today
ia Bmts^ atieadiag tbs-Klaf fam
ily xaaaioa.
Gives S.C.
I imim* Rmflimci ha* chargejholdihg two offices and while I have
Izall^IXyr IXCaUaiUI of admissions, h being aided by Prof, pjrfposely made no charge for my
I:
Columbia, July 27. — W. G.' Query,
chairman of the state tax commii^ion,
said today liquor had yielded $332,275
in revenue since its legalization two
months ago.
Gf this amount, he said, $21^,785
was from’ taxes, $76,750 from retail
licenses, $8,000 from wbo4esale licens
es and $2,621 from special stamps for
liquor consigned to out of state points.
He Sidded that the sale of confiscated
goods brought in $218.
Doctw McSwemi
Going On -Toucl
’••’V
Chester, July 28. —■ TkMLEev. John
MeSween, D.D., pastor of^Purity Pres
byterian church, and Mrs. M^ween
left Tuesday for Savannah, Oa., where
they will put tbeh^car aboard a vessel
and sail for Boston, Maas., to visit
various poiti^ tbroughout the New
England statea. They expect to be
gone^bout three weeks.
. CENTRAL UAROLINA
W L
Jbaana .... 6
Ninety Six 7
Watts .... .... .... 7
Ware Shoab 4
Greenwood 8
M^it^hs^s^s .... .... .... .... ....
PeL
70<)
700
600
875
2iW
222
BIG SIX
W
Newberry
MoUohon
WfvtU ....
GsidviUe
Lydia ....
2
S
1
0
0
0
L
0
1
1
8
1*
0
Pet
1000
760
500
000
000
000
_ William P. Jacobs, acting president
of Presbyterian cbllege, states that 76
applicants for entrance into the fresh-
Wan class have already been accepted
up to the present. This compares with
a total enrollment in the frefihman
class last September of 88, and is an
increase of 94 per cent over the num
ber enrolled at this time last year.
Due to the large number of upper
classmen who have made room reser
vations for the 1935-36 session, and
the anticipated jArge freshman class,
Mr. Jacobs states that dormitory space
may become scarce, but that arrange
ments will be mkde to care for any
overflow.
Resignr From
Girls* Sdiool
/•
Dr. B. 0. Whitten Gives Up Post
At Columbia and Continues As
. Head of Training School Here.
H. E. Sturgeon and seven field repre
sentatives, J. E. Gsman, Coach W.
Johnson, ^ach L. S. McMillian^. E.
Graham, Mrs. H. A. Copeland^d W.
M. Frampton, who are iptoiwiewing
prospective students in Spdth (Carolina
and Georgria. /
Mills’
t August 6th
THe federal hearing set for last
Tliursday in Charleston by the Clinton
and Lydia Cotton Mills'* against the
state collector of internal revenue was
postponed until.August 6th in 0>-
lumbia. It has been announced from
Charleston 0iat the romplmints of
these mills, along with several other
in the state, will be taken up at this
time.
The suit brought by the loeAl mills
contests the constitutiimaM^ of the
agrricultural adjustmentjia and seeks
a refund of processipg taxes already
paid, and an injunnion against the
collection of i^ut $90,000 more in
similar takes levied against them.
Match
Hwe Tonight
An inter-city tennis match between
plinton and Union will be played to
night at eight o’clock on the. new
court on South Adair street just be
low the residence of Mn. H. A. Cope
land. The match calls for two doubles
and two singles.
The court on which the tournament
will be played has recently been pro
vided by the cHy and county ERA
forces. The lighting equipment which
miAes night garnet possible, was pro
vided by private tnbeeriptions on the
part of A number of lo^ tenit eri-
thueiaets.
his .^ori^^inal
of State
Dr. B. 0. Whitten, siTperintendent of
the Girls’ Industrial school near Co-
Itthibia for the past two years, ten
dered his resignation Saturday to
Govspibr Glin Johnston.
Dr. Whitten retains
post as superintendent
Training scho<^ located hero, a post
tion he has^ most creditably held since
the institution was fotinded.
In his letter of^ resignation Dr.
Whitten said, employment as
superintend^ of the State Trailing
school and ’Girls’ Industrial school
seems Jto involve the legal question of
$l,60(),00o,0l)() on materials and^eejuip-
ment. ~
Questioned on complaints that some
on relief irt Midwestern states -haVie
refused harvesting jobs, officials ^In
sisted the situation had been remedied
by Hopkins’s order to stop relief in
such cases.
They said the new policy that a
person once certified as-eligible for a
work relief job will not be removed
from the list for taking'telhpdrary em
ployment, was hande<l down to mini
mize such refusals. Further, they es*
tiinated only 500,000 harvesting jobs
will be available this summer, while
with the end of the seasop relief will
have to be provided again.
For this reason, they said, the' work
program was drawn up on a ba^ of
providing more jobs in the winl^ than
the summer. Gfficials insjStod the
8,600,000 goal which HopkiPa hopes to
attain in -November will be only an
average.
Permission to accept temporary jobs
supplemented tho^ong-established pol
icy, reaffirmed^y Hopkins last week,
tluit any person on relief who refused
noihii^ advantages.
Geneva,'.luly 30.-^With peace in Af
rica and posMbly the future of the
Ijoague of Nations at stake, states
men of many nations gathered tonight
for tomorrow’s extraordinary session .
of the I>cague of Nations couincil. ^
Preparations for efforts here*to set
tle TKjacefully the Italo-Ethiopian
quarrel contrasted sharply with ap^
parent preparations for war.
Italy .sent more troops to join the
tens of thousands already massed on
the Eritrean plateau, while Ethiopia’s
fields army, 10,000 strong, marched
away from Addis Abaim, reportedly
en route to the front.
I-ieague officials said conflict almost
wa& sure to develop around the coun
cil table.
Italy, they pointed out, wants to
limit discussion sharply, confining the
council’s procedure to reviving the
Italo-Ethiopfan conci^ation commis
sion. Britain, on the pther hand, de
sires full investigation of all issues,
and may demand forceful league ac
tion. Scandinavian states are reported
determined to seek league protection
for small states, such as Ethiopia.
(A dispatch from I^ondon said t
British governm^t program invojVed
efforts to bring Benito MussoUhi to
accept economic concessions. Instead
of armed conquest, of Ethiopia).
While Anthony Eden, ^itain’s sec
retary for league affairs, stopped over
to .ccept » would be cut off the;,t
dole 9wviou.ly .ccepUnce of a pri. j„p„ii„^ g.,
vat^ob, for no matter how short a
tipie, struck a name from relief rolls
4Lnd made it necessary to establish
need to get back on again.
Gfficials 8ald| however, that if wag-
neva, II Duce s^nt seven representa
tives, headed/by Baron Pompeo Albisi.
Ethiopia’s /Spokesmen were already
upon th^ ground..
(E^h and l^ival were reported try-
o« for Off.rodffull.timc ciuploymeut!i„^„ ^nd «ome_aatiaf.ctory phra-o-
were loM than the dole or work relief i^y Ethiopia's eventual nub-
wages, refusal would not stop relief
payments. Several Baltimore relief re
cipients recently were cleared by Hop
kins of charges that they had droline<l
jobs when they showed wages would
be less than the Bole, y/
missi(p to Italy, in an eleventh hour
effort to aVert wqE. Rome meanwhile
..w:4l.Uwa1.J A Al... :i* -
"work at the Industrial school, it would
appear that this^question may soon be
raised in a mariner that might em
barrass the boa|d and very probably
in some way handicap the institution.”
The Industrial school is under th^
control of the State Board of PuhMc
Welfare. The board is .expected ijRXhe
near future to elect a superintendent
as successor to Dr. Whitte^^
Growing Payroll
Woriies Tugwell
withheld comment on the council’s
chances for success, but ."iOO more of
ficers and men sailed from Naples for
East Africa). “
AAA Tax On Hogs
Taken To Courts
/
Was^gton, July 30.—^Troubled by
the piushrooming payroll of his new
rope^ttlement administration. Director
Rexford Guy Tugwell today planned
to discharge between 7,0(j||0 and 8,000
of his employes.
Big I’ackers Join Fight To Prove
New Deal Pocessing Levies
Illegal. Seek Injunction.
No School Jlrad
YetAnnounced
Chicago, July 2J).—A fresh assault
This decision, it was disclosed, fol-lon collc^ction of AAA processing taxes
inventory was launched herejoday when Armour
lowed completion of an
ppblic announcement has yet
de by tW recently elected
of schoot^ trustees as to the se-
je^tion of a superintendent to head the
city system for the coming session. It
is generally known that the place has
been offer^ to several but declined,
and that a number of school men have
been in the city during the past sev
eral weeks for conferences with the
trustees.
When the present bokrd assumed of
fice in June it refused to retain Super
intendent J. H. Witherspoon a^ al
most a third ot the ^teaching staff
employi^ by the district for several
years pMt, and re-eIecte<Lby the form
er boaro for the coming year. i
No announcement has b^n made by
the board as to the teaching staff and
operation of the two colored schools
the district for the 1935-36 session.
showing the resettlement administra
tion now is paying 16,600 workers^
about three times as many the
NRA employed .to rule all indusrtyi
Tugwell plans to dismiss 2,500 of
his employes within two weeks. Some
where around 5,600 more are slated
to r^eive notice within a f6W months.
Sl Co., and Swift & Co.—two of the
“big four” of Chicago packers—filed
petitioris for restraining injunction.^ in
federal court.
The bills ask that the collector of
internal revenue be enjoined from col
lecting processing taxes totaling-sev-
eral million dollars for the month of
MosU'Were inherited by the Tugwell May, 1935, and from coltecting such
organization when it took over_Jhe
work of other agencies
Seek Place Here ^
For Liquor Store
County Placed In
Grednville District
A; M. Rickman of Greenville, has
been appointed by Col. James D. Fulp
as district administrator of Greenville,
Pickens, Laiurens and Newberry coun-
tiee in the new ERA set-up, \w1th
Greenville designated as headquarters
for the four counties.. _
Gut of town parties' were in the city
the past week seeking a location for
the opening of a liquor store. Several
property owmers with vacant property
were approached but state they de
clined to rent their buildings for this
purpose. —
Ibero are now three legal liquor
stores In the county, two in Laurens,
a^d one here.
Ikiion Service
With Methodists
The city union service next Sunday
evening will be held at eight o’clock'
at North Broad Street Methodist
church. Hie pulpit wRl be occupied by
Rev. M. R. Wingard, pastor of St.
John’s Lutheran, church, with a cor
dial invitation extend^ all congrega
tions to unite in this service.
future taxes as may accrue.
The two firms alleged “that assess
ment and collection^ the taxes are
unconstitutional, since “the “process
ing and manufacturing of commodities
is purely an intra-state process.”
Constitutionality of the AAA was
attacked on nine points by attorneys
for the packers. They included:
“1. Regulation of production of
hogs, corn,jcotton, etc., by the federal
government is a contravention of
rights reserved tp the states.
“2. Processing taxes were not im
posed to pay the debts or to provide^
for the general welfare of the United'
States, or for the common defense,
but were imposed' for the benefit of
a particular dass of individuals.
“3. The act violates the fifth amend
ment of the *Constiturion, since pro
cessing taxes constitute the taking of
prope^y of one class for a private
purpose, to wit: the payment of gra
tuities or bounties to another class.
“4. Said so-called processing taxes
in name only. The constitute merely
an .exaction or Imposition by the gov
ernment for the purpose of raising
prices for farm products and adjust
ment of farm income, and not for the
purpose of raising revenue‘for the
government” .
f
\
L
r