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TO THE SOUTH
MR* J- 8. WANNAMAKER GIVES
SURPRISING FACTS.
STATEMENTS OF FARMERS
aoirth , RmTImb E^iturt la n
Stake and Must Act
Accordingly.
Mr. J. Skottows Wannamaksr,
chairman of tb« South Carolina Cot
ton Association, upon the request ol
a well known magasine that he fur
nish them with a sUtement "showing
the cost of ootton to the South," sent
them the following article:
Cost of Cotton to the South.
‘ First, as to this cost of cotton to
the South, I have estimated the cost
of cotton to the South includes the
following:
. 1. The production of cotton cost the
South slarery.
2. It caused the War Between' the
States.
3. The production of cotton has
brought slave labor. Regardless of the
fact that cotton is a band-made prod
uct, a price has been established on
cotton on the basis of slave-labor,
from which price it has never been
removed.
4. 1 It caused the South to become
cotton slaves.
5. It caused the South to merely ex
ist; denying-to tha producers- the ne
cessities and comforts of life.
6. To produce cotton and exist at
the price paid for it by the menipu-
lator • necessitated the establishment
of starvation wages in thp South,
which exist even unto today.
7. It has caused the illiteracy of
the South, through the manipulations
of the cotton bears.
8. It has caused the impoverishment
and pauperism of the South.
9. The production of cotton has
caused the bad roads of the South,
through the impoverishment of the
producer by the manipulator.
10. It has driven from the rural
communities the white man. who is
no longer contented to eke out an ex
istence; to deny to himself and his
family the comforts a^d necessities of
life; to work without a fair remunera
tion.
11. It is even driving the negro
awav; he has received a new vision;
he is no longer satisfied with his un
comfortable surroundings; he is insuf
ficiently clothed.
Has Made Other Sections Prosperous.
12. It has made other sections of
the country prosperous; it has fat
tened the bears and manipulators of
the North; it has blessed mankind in
every spot of the globe where the
sun shines except in the South, where
it has proved a curse.
18. The production of Cotton in the
South today has caused the descend
ants of - the people who fought to
break the chains of physical slavery
from the black man to light for the
purpose of forging the chains of
slavery, of poverty, of illiteracy on
the women and children working in
the cotton fields, both white and
black, still tighter.
14. It has filled the grave-yards of
the South with men, women and lit
tle children who existed and passed
away without necessities, comforts
and education. -
15. It has created one of the great
est gambling hells on this globe, the
New Tort Cotton Exchange, extend
ing its damnable and blighting ma
nipulations and schemes throughout
our nation; fattening and prospering
the gamblers_and manipulators on the
life-blood of the toiler.
16. The production of cotton in the
South has caused the producer to be
come a commercial cannibal, this be-
fe»g ebeotutely necessary to enable
him to exist. He has destroyed his
forestry, fleeced his soil of its fer
tility; existed on his natural assets;
defying to himself and his family
reasonable hours of work and proper
working conditions; a decent home;
the opportunity to play and to learn.
17. It fry caused child labor in the
South. It has caused the women and
children of the South, both white and
black, to perform not only labor, re
gardless of hours, but even to peY-
form the manual labor of tilling the
soil with the plow. (White women
and colored women can be seen plow
ing the cotton Helds of the South,
with little barefooted children pled
ging along behind them, scattering
compost, and performing their work
from the break of day to the twilight
—underfed. Impoverished, half-cloth-
ad, worn and weary.)
18. ft has caused, the producer of
cotton to go without the necessary
cotton clothing—the white man sel
dom having enough to meet the re
quirements of health and hygiene, the
negro being seldom blessed with more
than four cotton undersuits—one for
life use, one when he Joins the church,
‘one when he marries the first time,
and one when he is buried. (This be
ing in excess ef the average.)
As to the Cost of Production of Cotton
In the South.
I requested the Hon. D. H. .Houston*
Secretary of Agriculture, to furnish
rne with a detailed statement showing
the cost of production of cotton in
the South for the year 1918. He has
• Just telegraphed me as follows:
"Itemised estimate of total cost of
prodneftoh of cotton for lt!8 not yot
completed. Work now being done will
provide basis for estimate in few
weeks. Would be glad for your as-
sociatfon to select committee of three,
to be in Washington April 21, for
special conference on factors to be
considered in estimating cost of pro
ducing cotton.”
For the purpose of estimating the
cost of production by the .producer,
by the experienced business man and
by the experienced banker, I have
idiected various man from our state.
The result is aptly furnished by the
following statements, which are in
linp with the various statements re
ceived. These statements are from
three men of unquestioned veracity,
fine business judgment, long business
cxperteoce And. ma whu-Mâ„¢ been
actively engaged in farming for over
a quarter of a century; men who
would not purposely make a mislead
ing statement, even though they felt
satisfied it would result in assisting
us to win this campaign, regardless of
the deep interest they feel in the suc
cess of this movement for the com
mercial freedom of the South
Coat of Production Illustrated on a
One-Homo Farm of Flftson Acres,
Planted by J. M. Holman.*
The production of tbia farm is based
on a ten-year average production of
Calhoun county.
I have been fanning for thirty-five
years, and have also been actively en
gaged in cotton for the past ten years.
All past years must be left out of any
calculation In finding the cost,of the
1919 crop, for the reason that all val
ues have advanced cut of all reason.
Labor and fertilisers cost three times
as piTich as they did at the beginning
of the war.
^The calculations herein are made
with the actual cotton planted on ^his
one-horse farm, and the expenses are
figured only for the actual working
period, my only object being to find
out what it win' actually .cost to pro-
â–ºduce a pound of cotton. The owner of
this farm gets nothing for himself out
of this farm except his profit of |96.50
and he will not get this profit if his
cotton is damaged by storm or other
wise and Is reduced in grade, also pro
vided he gets thirty cents for his cot
ton and 860 for his seed. I have not
charged this farm with any expense
for hoeing. I expect the plowmam to
have time to do this work.
Expenses.
15 bushels planting seed 8 1-5.00
3 tons high grade fertilisers 180.00
f50 pounds rent paid, at 30c.. 226.00
winning, bagging and ties, 7
bales cotton 36.00
Wages one man, eight month!
at 840 320.00
^eed of mule eight months... 120.00
Hunt of mule 30.00
kicking 9,000 pounds of cot
ton at 81 90.00
Tauling to gin and market... 21.00
Expense handling seed 15.0C
Wear and tear tools and fix-
Trcr-
40.60
floe labor, 18 acres at 82JK
Extra labor, gathering corn,
hay, etc
pur hundred weight. • 120.00
18 bushels planting seed at 82 *
a bushel.
10 per cent depreciation on
8600 equipment
Incidental expenses
Ginning and bag and ties 10
b. c.
80.00
36.00
60.00
80.00
50.00
81,348.00
Income.
7 b. c. 400 lbs. each at 30c..8 840.00
249 bushels cotton seed at 81 240.00
SHOES
Bailey’s Good Shoes
turns
>•••••
15.00
81,066.00
Income.
1,376 pounds cotton at 30c.. .81.012.50
5,000 pounds seed at 860 160.00
Gross income 81.162.50
Expense 1,066.00
.Profit .8 90.50
••Cost per pound. 31.58.
I certify that the above statement
is correct and true. J. M. Holman.
Coat oTLc® tton production lllustrat-
eddiT ene-horae farm of thirty acres
(twenty acree cotton and ten acres
food) by J. A. Banks.
Fertilizer.
8 tons 8-4-0 at 850 8 400.00
1 ton soda 83.50
• Labor.
1 plowman at $40 per month.. 480.00
Hoe labor 40.00
Extra labor 40.00
Picking 12 B-C at 75c per
hundred 99.00
20 bu. planting seed at $1 bu. 20.00
10 _ per cunt depruclatica on
— $800 equipment
Current cost farm equipment 30.00
Ginning and bagging and ties,
12 B-C at $5 60.00
' $1,302.50
Income.
276 bn. cotton seed at $1 bu..$ 276.00
3,600 lbs. cotton at 28Vic lb.. 1.026.00
$1,302.00
This farm should produce under
average conditions in this county of
Calhoun, B. C., food sufficient to feed
the horse that plows it and twelve
400-pound bales of cotton (three bales
of which shall be taken' for rent of
land) and 276 bushels of-cotton seed.
This makes a balance and leaver
the farmer nothing for his time and
attention.
I have bqen farming fc^r the past
forty years and I am thoroughly
familiar with cotton production, h^ve
also had many years’ experience in
general merchandise bnainess. supply
ing fertilisers And supplies to farm
ers, also have had twenty-five to
thirty years' experience as a banker,
being engaged during this period in
fanning, merchandising, operating
salei stables and furnishing live
stock. I
The above is a correct 'statement
illustrating the cost of production oi
cotton. J- A. Banks.
Cost of Cotton Production Illustrated
on < One-HorSe Farm of Twenty-
seven Acres (18 Acres Cotton
and 9 Acres Com and
- Hay). By T. A. Amaker.
" Fertilizer. „
6% tons fertilizer 8-3-2 at
$68 1 391.50
1 ton nitrate soda 90.00
Labor. \ ,
1 flow hind 12 month*, at $40 A80.08
$1,080.00
The above farm should produce 10
b. c. and tenant must pay three bales
rent After paying entire proceeds of
sale of cotton and seed on his year's
expenses, he owes a balance of $268.
Land planted in corn and hay will
produce enough to feed horse. "
I have been engaged In farming
for the past thirty yean and am
thoroughly familiar with the cost of
production being now extensively en
gaged in farming, and also thoroughly
familiar with same as a merchant
selling fertilisen and supplies, hav
ing been extensively engaged in the
mercantile business for the past thirty
yean.
The above is a correct statement
illustrating the Cost of production of
cotton. T. A. Amaker. .
Referring- Back to the Cast of Cotton
to the South.
•
Cotton production has cost the
South all that I have said and a vast
amount more. The cost is so great
that it would require the judgment of
God Almighty to render a decision
a to what cotton has actually cost
the South. No mortal man can make
the estimate.
Henry Grady more than thirty-one
years ago delivered a speech in New
England, which made a more lasting
impression possibly on the country
than any one speech ever delivered
by any human being. The production
of cotton in the South has prevented
his prediction from coming true. He
said In part:
"When every farmer in the South
shall eat bread 4rom his own fields
and meat from his own pastures and
disturbed by no creditor, and enslaved
by no debt, shall sit amid hit teeming
gardens, and orchards and vineyards,
and dairies and barnyards, pitching
his crop in his wisdom and growing
them in independence, making cotton
hia clean surplus, and selling it in hia
own time, and in his chosen market,
and not at a master’s bidding—get
ting his pay In cash and not in a re
ceipted mortgage that discharges his
debt, but does not restore his free
dom—then shall be breaking the full
ness of our day.”
The cost of production of cotton in
the South baa made the loyad Ameri
can citizen realize that it is abso
lutely neceeeary for him in carrying
out his pledge to help make the world
safe for democracy, to help in every
way possible, using every ounce of
energy at his command to help im
prove conditions in the South, *o that
it will be a fit place for people to
live in. He has made this decision be
cause he realizes, first, that it is his
duty as a loyal American citizen and
because H is hie duty in justice to
God i.nd man. He realizes:
.‘Once to every man and nation
* Comes the moment to*decide;
In the strife of truth with falsehood,
•Fe^r the'good of evil side.
"Then to sidewith truth is noble.
When we share our -wretched crust;
Eire her cause bring fame and profit.
And ’tis prosperous to be just.
Then it is the .brave man chooses.
While the coward etands aside.
Doubting in hia abject spirit.
Till his Lord is crucified.”
South's Future at Stake.
-The South realizes that its future
existence la at at&^e. and that it 1«
absolutely necessary to market, bank
and finance its cotton crop and that
if this is not done, the cotton produc-
tkm of the South will follow the in
digo production, and that the cotton
production will be referred to only as
something that once existed in the
South. j
For this reason the farmer, mer
chant and banker have abeloutely de
termined to arrange to market cot
ton. They are forming a $200,000,000
corporation for this purpose known as
the Marketing. Exporting and Finano-
ing Corporation. The manipulators
and gamblers who have fed on the
life blood of the South will, of course,
Violently protest We realise that
commercial freedom of the South is
absolutely necessary to the future
progress and prosperity of the South.
The banking interests of the South
will ’increase their capital and sur
plus by at least 50 per cent, and will
accept Hberty loan bonds in payment
for additi^al stock issued. Oppor
tunity only knocks Pnce. The South
realizes that it is knocking today and
the door will be opened..
Are You Helping.
Are you helping in the fight for
commercial freedom of the South- If
not, you are not a loyal son of either
America or the South. Not only this
—you do not realize that America, of
which the South is a. part, Is your own,
your native land: you do not realize
that God Almighty made all men free
and equal; you do not believe on
“Peace on Earth good will to men.”
No loyal American will so far forget
his duty as an American citizen; no
loyal American will ao far forget his
Ptadg* to make the world sals tat
democracy.
No Matter
Perfect Your Attire—
Unles&Your
FOOTWEAR IS CORRECT
Thoughtful economizers recognize this as never be
fore and are not buying cheapest wearing apparel—
â–º
but rather standard merchandise which they know
is correct and warrants the price asked.
Are daily making more such better customers
} .. '
for this store.
M. S. BAILEY & SONS
“The Big Store With the Big Values”
a
Kryl and His Band
Bohumir Kryl is known
everywhere as one “of the
world’s greatest band
masters.
i ‘ ■ t
^ie is often referred to as the world’s
greatest cornetist
Mr. Kryl will personally direct his band at each concert
Afternoon and Night 5th Day
REDPATH CHAUTAUQUA
“WAR, VICTORY, PEACE”
The Great Musical Pageant
WILL BE A FEATURE.OF THE NIGHT PROGRAM
- ... . â–  agjdT ,
Cfcautaaqua Season Tickets for the Satire Week $2.50 end War Tex
[REDPATH CHAUTAUQUA!
c
Laurens Chautauqua Week May 13-20
' Grove's Tastelee* chill Tonic
restores vitality and energy by purifying and en
riching the blood. You can soon feel its Strength-
enlxnt. Invigorating Effect. Price 60c.
Colds Cause Grip end Inflnenxa
LAXATIVE BROMO QUININE Tablets remove the
cause. There is ooly oee “Bromo (Welao.” EL W.
GROVE'S signature on the bos. 36c.
Pttee Cured In 6 to 14 Days
lutaetly re
iuetral sleep
»refund money If PAZO OINTMENThdls
tcfcfaa. Blind. Bleeding or PratvudkgPUM.
Druggists refund
to cure I
after the first
iU