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The Fort Mill Times.
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EiUblithod 1891. ' - _ _ ~ FOBT WILL, 8. 0. THTTRabAY, JULY 37. 1982. $1.60 Per Year.
FARM LOAN PERVERSION.
'Board Would Destroy Cooperative
Plan of Congress.
The chief trouble with the govern
ment is governors, says a writer
in the Dearborn Independent.
Legislatures write laws, but administrators
work them, and often
there is no trace of resemblance
between the conception and
the product. There is 110 better
illustration of the grip bureaucracy
has 011 lawmaking than the
sad perversion that has overtaken
the federal farm loan system.
Congress, five years ago, set up
with government lunus a cooperative
farm loan system, which
was intended to make it as easy
for farmers to tap the great reservoirs
of long-time investment
capital as it was for industries to
get at such capital. It was to be
cooperative, democratic, extensive
and the efficacious remedy
for the ills of farm aud financing.
Congress turned the "baby"
over to the federal farm loan bureau
with instructions to get it
on its feet at he earliest possible
moment, to foster its growth, and
keep an eye on it in the public
interest after it had attained majority
and independence, just as
the comptroller of the currency
loks after the national banks.
instead of obeying instructions
the larm loan bureau made up its
miinl riirht hwjiv?ami said so in
its first annual report?that Congress
wus all wrong in trying to
set lip a cooperative farm loan
system, and it has blocked and
today is blocking every effort to
get the federal land banks on an
independent basis under the con..
trol of their stockholders, like
any other bank, subject to the supervision
of the board. Every
one of the 12 land banks, from
Springfield Mass., to Berkeley,
-J** Cal., lias long since qualified for
idepeudencc under the chartering
.jict, by having $100,000 of its
stock subscribed by the farm
loan associations, but there isn't
a single stockholder on the bourd
of a single bank. The farmers
hove invested more than $30,000,000
in the stock of these banns
and haven't a word to say about
their management, though Congress
directed that as soon as
they had subscribed $100,000 of
stock in a bank they should have
six of the nine directors on the
board of that bank. In .the near
future every cent of the $8,802,130
nut into the banks bv Con
gress us u starter will be paid
buek into the federal treasury.
Notwithstanding these fuels, now
comes the fanu loan bureau and
asks Congress to give it perpetual
control of the bunks. It proposes
that euch bank shall have
only three farmers to ,i'our appointees
of the bureau on its
board of directors.
In other words, the bureau
seeks to nullify the intent of Congress
to create 12 farm loan
banks owned and controlled by
the farmers, and proposes to let
the farmers own the banks while
it runs them. In this way the
farm loan bureau will establish
itself as the compact control of
whet is now really growing into
an enormous finunciul power and
may become u tremendous political
power. In the course of the
next five years it is more than
likely that the loans und bond issues
of the federal reserve banks
will exceed 2 billion dollars and
that their borrowers will number
around half a million.
Already under a slow-coach,
hampering policy the loans of the
land banks exceed $500,000,000 to
about 160,000 borrowers. Furthermore,
the farm loon bureau
now proposes -that the 12 banks
be authorized to create a central
body Which shall handle permanently
the sale and distribution
' of the bonds of the bankr. As the
board controls the banks now
temporarily and will control them
permanently, if Congress complies
With its recommendations, it will,
through this bond selling agency,
be able not only to determine
What banks shall be allowed to
, issue bonds but what ones shall
.money.
'-W'i- Thus jfr will be possible for
. men?five, counting the secthe
treasury, who is an
jB^Htteto member of the bureau?
MANY OUT OF FOLD.
Less Than 500 Citizens Enroll for
Democratic Primary.
When the enrollment books of
the Fort Mill Democratic club
closed Tuesday evening in compliance
witE"the party rules, after
having been open for several
vi eks, it was found that 497 citizens
of the town and township
generally hacj qualified to vote
in the primary 011 August 29 for
Stute and county officers. This
year for the first time in South
I'aroiinu women will take part 111
the primary and it was thought
that many of them would welcome
the opportunity to have a
voice in the selection of public
officials, but the Fort Mill club
rolls show the names of only 69
who will be able to vote next
month.
Apparently few mistakes were
made by Fort Mill citizens in
signing the rolls. The rules
of the party require that one's
name be spelled out in full 011 the
('llllt flint Iliu nr lull* u?/> Iwi
VUUi 1II>] VI *1V? ugc uv
given correctly in years ami that
the occupation or profession of
the person enrolling be stated.
Locally these details seem to
have been complied with almost
entirely. An examination of the
Fort Mill club roll yesterday
morning disclosed only one name
which is practically certain to be
stricken from the roll by the
county committee. Other errors
may be discovered by the committee,
however, which will result
in the enrollment being cut
down somewhat.
Two years ago the enrollment
in Fort Mill totaled 360, .which
The Times stated at the time was
slightly in excess of the 1918 enrollment,
but even with the increase
of 137 in the enrollment
this year over thai of two v???ra
ago, it is perhaps correctly estimated
that only a few more thau
half the men and women of the
township who could have voted
in the primary this year will be
able to do so. Interest in the
town primary last year was much
more pronounced than it has been
in the State and county primary
this yeur, as is evidenced by the
fact that with citizens of the
town only being eligible to vote
for municipal officers the enrollment
then ran to over 500.
Talks of Machinists' Strike).
A. 11. Withers of Jacksonville,
Fla., is spending some time at
the home of his nephew, T. W.
Massey, in Fort Mill. Mr. Withers
is a machinist who was employed
at the Seaboard shops in
Jacksonville prior to the strike
which was called by the machinists'
union several weeks ago. ]
lie is well informed 011 eondi- j
tions leading up to the strike and {
says he is confident the men will
win it, though their victory may
noi come ior some time. lie also
says thut the rolling stock of
many railroads is rapidly deteriorating
and that unless the fed-'
eral ltftfci requiring the railroads
to keep their engines and coaches
up to a certain standard are
strictly enforced that before long
it will be dangerous to ride on
the passenger trains of these railroads.
Georgia Cotton Crop Failure.
| Georgia's cotton crpp prospects
[are the worst in the United States
stiifI flip 1099 u
M??\t f?v Aifww j iv iu W lit UC idl Ul'" I
low that of any of the last 20
years, according to a statement
made a few days ago by the agricultural
bureau at Atlanta.
Heavy rainfall and the boll weevil
are responsible for the serious
condition, it is stated. Some farmers
becoming discouraged, have
turned to other crops, another
contributing factor in the promised
crop shortage of the year.
"In Georgia, the central and
most important cotton district,
the crop was virtually ruined by
the boll weevil," the report continues.
"Damage wrought by the
pest has been enormous. The
'catastrophe was foreseen in 1921
and many farmers seeded down
. their fields, planted other crops
or allowed them to lie idle."
| If you don't want to go to a
fortune teller, you can learn all
| about your past, present and future
by running for office.
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NEWS OF YORK COUNTY.
Items of General Interest Found
in the Yorkville Enquirer.
v Unless all the experience of the
past shall prove at fault, there
will be a mighty crowd of people
at the picnic to be held at Filbert
on Wednesday of next week.
Prohibition officers operating in
York county have been quite active
during the past several days,
destroying several distilleries and
tllkinir n umiill linnnr
C) w VA I1\JUV4.
Enrollment of voters of Rock
llill for the primary election is
far short of thfe estimates of
many politicians and others.
While Rock Hill and suburbs
could eusily enroll 2,500 or 3,000
voters, it is believed that a count
of the voters will' show a total
enrollment of less than 2,000.
The "lid" is on again relative
to the sale of soft drinks on Sunday.
Folks accustomed to their
regular Sunday morning "dope"
vere told last Sunday that there
Mas nothing doing and many of
them had tp go without. The police
officers have been instructed
to tighten up in enforcement of
the" ordinance against Sunday
selling.
The ladies' society of the Associate
Reformed Presbvterian
church, Yorkville, has presented
Rev. J. L. Oates, D. D., the retiring
pastor, with a beautiful silver
pitcher,' and the officers of the
church have given him a handsome
gold watch. Dr. Oates will
preach his last sermon as pastor
of the congregation next Sabbath.
Enrollment at the Clover precinct
had grown to 450 up to Saturday
afternoon. Saiu ?J. Matthews,
one-of the members of the
committee, was of .the opinion
that it probably would reach 500
by July 25, although it was a little
bit doubtful. Mrs. W. B.
Smith, widow of the^ late Capt.
\V. B. Smith, was the' oldest woman
enrolled. She is 75.
Of course all the cotton mills
should shut down on Wednesday
of next week?at least all the
mills that are within reasonably
close proximation of Filbert. The
mill workers constitute a large
and important element in York
county citizenship and they have
'not only a right to see and hear
(the future officers of the State,
but they should be given the opj
portuuity to see and hear.
I W II \f iloir
_w-w * vt , AA. A*A.AAV jr , CVOAlgVI*
ist of the Presbyterian church,
began a revival service in Tirzah
Presbyterian chuch last Sunday
which is to be continued throughout
the week. Rev. Dr. Miley is
accompanied by Rev. J. T. Hooker,
his choir director." The initial
service was attended by a large
congregation and it is believed
that congregations throughout
the week will be all that could
be expected in attendance.
Candidates for York county
offices who have been eager and
anxious to know what the assessments
against thein will be and
those who have been anxious for
the date of the closing to be
fixed will be in possession of all
that information after Monday, a
meeting of the committee having
been called by John A. Marion,
ccunty chairman, for next Monday
in order to fix these matters
as well as to arrange a campaign
itinerary for the county.
Mrs. Effie Huggius, recently acquitted
in the court of geneial
sessions of complicity in the
murder of her husband, J. Pink
Iluggins, who was killed on November
7, 1921, and for whose
murder Albert Zimmerman was
fwivicted and is now serving a
lie term in the penitentiary, left
Saturday with her infant son for
(lastonia, where she expects to
live in the future in the home of
a' relative. For several months
past the woman has been living
at the county home.
. Bonds for Blacksburg.
At an election -held in Blacks*
burg Saturday to determine the
question whether the town should
issue bonds in the sum of $20,000
to build a hard surface street
through the town, the vote was
; 128 for the bonds and 28 against.
The State highway commission
is said to have promised the town
t $20,000 to aid in the project if the
| election carried.
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NO STATE AID?
Source of Funds for Teachers'
Salaries Uncertain.
Tmstees of the Fort Mill public
School are somewhat uncertain
how they will meet in full
the payment of teachers' salaries
during the 1922-23 session of the
school. At a meeting of the
board of trustees several weeks
ago agreement was reached to
pay the teachers the same salaries
for the coming session that
they were paid during the last
session; but it is now stated that
1 . ?
?uru recently was received iroiu
the education department in Columbia
that the fund appropriated
by the Legislature to supplement
the salaries paid teachers
from local funds has been exhausted
and that the trustees of
the Fort Mill school need not expect
any aid from that source this
year. The local levy lacks several
hundred dollars of providing
sufficient money to meet the budget
Of the school, the principal
item of which is salaries, but the
trustees yet have hopes of securing
lit least a part of the State
aid the law guarantees shall be
forthcoming when certain conditions
have been met in local assessments
for school purposes.
There is 110 question of the Fort
Mill school district having complied
with these conditions, it is
stated.
Poison Gas Making Ends.
First steps for carrying into
effect the - agreement reached at
the Washington conference for
the curtailment and ultimate
stoppage of the use of poison gas
in warfare were taken on behalf
of th? United States government
when the war department, a few
days ago, issued a general order
to discontinue the manufacture
of poison gas for uriny use except
in such limited amounts as
may ;be necessary for research
purposes and the development of
gas defense appliances.
The order stated specifically
that it is intended to carry out
the provisions of the treaty governing
the use of submarines and
poison gas. It was signed by Gen.
Pershing as chief of staff. Filling
of shells and projectiles of all
kinds with gas is forbidden except
for a .limited number needed
for experimental purposes.
Suggests American Cromwell.
The eternal quarrel between
capital and labor must be composed
if the future is to have security,
writes Savoyard, Washington
correspondent. Capital is
vitally interested. If a Cromwell
should appear and captain labor
and awful situation would arise.
What do we see at the present f
Reduction of wage from ocean to
ocean and increase in the cost of
living in every schedule of the
McCuinber monopoly tariff.
Newberryism tends to hasten
the advent of ail American Crom
well, a fanatic of gigantic and
imperious will with genius to
combine and fuse all elements of
discontent. If such a man should
come and revolutionize Amerieu
as Oliver Cromwell revolutionized
England, there will be terror in
all our industrial centers.
The one specific against bloody
revolution is wisdom in council
and justice in administration, in
the womb of the future may be
the tremendous circurastancq that
America was saved by our beloved
South, the home of the
Anglo-Saxon, where there is little
fuel to feed the fires of revolution
and terror.
Teaches School ISO Yea.ro
Mrs. Bene D. Sterling of Little
Bock, Ark., holds the unique record
of 50 years of teaching in the
public schools of that city. Born
81 years ago at Vicksburg, Miss.,
Mrs. Sterling went to Little Rock
in 1872, and began teaching a
short ime after the death of lice
husband. Sha is still on the job
at the Peabody public school.
Mrs. Sterling estimates that she
has taught at least 6,000 of the
present population of Little Bock
during her half century in the
school room.
There.are two things it doesn't
pay to worry about*?those that
you can help and those that you
cannot help. J* M
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| ROCKY ROAD FOR TARIFF.
Lafollette Will Aid Democrats in
Forcing Reductions.
Party leaders generally agree
that the tariff bill cannot be passed
before September 1 and cannot
be passed by that time if it
encounters persistent opposition
from Republican progressives and
the deserting members of the old
line Republicans, says a Washington
dianateh. Tlio hill will
then have to go to conference
and as the senate rate^. in many
instances, are much higher than
the house rates, it may be assumed
that the house conferees
will make an effort to restore the
house rates on many articles,
which will mean futher delay.
But there is another obstacle
to the adoption of the bill with
the senate rates if the usual procedure
is had. The senate conferees.
according to an established
rule, will be composed of'the
three ranking majority members
of the finance committee and the
two ranking minority members.
The ranking Republican members
of the committee are Met'umber,
Smoot and Lufollette. The ranking
Democratic members are
Simmons and John Sharp Williams.
Lafollette is against the extortionate
senate rates and also is
opposed to the extortionate rates
in the bill as it left the house, so
that it may be assumed be will
A .. ...iii. it. a. i\
Villi* ?llll Uie l wo I/I'IIHICI<t I IC
members in restoring most of the
house rates which were increased
by the senate. So that it will be
seen that the profiteering tariff
bill, which President Harding has
repeatedly urged shall be passed
against the better judgment of
many members of his own party
in both the senate and house, still
has a rock road to travel.
No Fatalities in Air Mail Service. |
The air mail service of the gov-!
eminent has gone through the'
last year without a single fatal-J
ity. Planes flying on the various'
divisions between New York and
San Francisco have covered more |(
than 1.750,000 miles and carried J,
more than 49.000,000 letters, in ,
all about 1,224,500 pounds. Last
yeur when the first through shipments
from coast to coast were ,
made' 17 lives were lost, includ- ,
ing those of three pilots.
The record from July l(i, 1921. ,
to July 16 this year is by far the (
most wonderful performance in
the history of practical flying. ,
The percentage, of trips eomplet- ,
ed was 92.5, as compared with (
83 per cent the previous year. .
Officials of the air mail service J
attribute the new record to the }
fact that the pilots have become ,
better accustomed to their routes, j
several or wmcn eoniain some or
the most perilous flying country |
in the world. There are stotches
of more than 100 miles over the
Rocky mountains where a stop- <
ped engine means calling it a day.
Every day not less than 21 pi- ,
lets are in the air flying approximately
6,000 miles, or more than
twice the number of miles from
New York to San Francisco. The
total number of miles travelel by
the planes last year equalled 70
times around the world.
Mail sent through New York ,
to San Francisco is taken across (
in three days, beating the rail- (
roads more than 24 hours. Pilots ,
fly by divisions, their speed av-jj
eruging about 100 miles an hour; ,
sometimes, wheii the wind is with \
them, three miles an hour. ,
Lancaster oenate uanaiaates.
Up to u few days ago it looked
us it* no one would offer for the |
State senate in Lancaster county ,
to succeed Senator S. 15. Bailos, j
whose term expires this year and (
who announced some time ago
that he would not offer for re- j
election. Now, however, there j
are two candidates for the office ]
?Dr. T. .J. Strait and ltoach S. (
Stewart, Esq.?and there is in (
prospect between the two a warm
campaign before the primary on ,
August 29. Both have had experience
in politics. For six years
during the '90s Dr. Strait represented
the Fifth district in (Jon- i
gress and later served a term
in the State senate. Mr. Stewart <
has been mayor of Lancaster and
for years has taken an active interest
in county politics.
i
NOW MANY CABINETS.
War Extends British Form of
Government.
Geography necessarily deals
with kings and presidents and
emperors, who change the face of
political maps ami influence eco
iiuimv. cunumuiiK; uoi so ircquentlv
does it reckon with cabiuets.
which arc a growing factor
in world affairs.
41 Before the World war broke
up the autocracies of Eurpoe,
France was the only republic on
the continent employing the British
form of cabinet government,
now the list includes, besides
France: Finland, Esthouia.- Latvia,
Lithuania. Poland, Germany,
Czechoslovakia and Austria," according
to a bulletin of the National
Geographic society.
"Recent agitation to permit
members of the United States
cabinet to be present on the floor
of the senate and house to take
part in debate on matters concerning
their departments serves
to bring out the differences be
tween the privileges aiul duties of
tlie cabinet members in various
countries.
"To begin with, the 'cabinet'
of the 1'nited States is a cabinet
in name only, for the government
of the United States is in no sense
a 'cabinet government ? as are the
governments of (treat Britain
and France, and those of a large
number of other leading countries
of the world. There is not even
formal sanction for the existence
of our cabinet as an advisory
council to the president. The
members have an undoubted legal
status as heads of the various
administrative departments,
hut the president need never call
them together. President Washington
held no cabinet meetings
at first and President Wilson did
not call his department heads together
for a period of many
months. When the president does
receive the advice of his cabinet,
he is under no obligation to follow
it.
"Great Britain is 'the mother
01' cabinets'as well as 'the mother
of parliaments.' Her cabinet is
not of a fixed size and while most
members are heads of departments,
there are members 'without
portfolio' who have no special
duties. In direct contrast to
the situation in the United States
every member must be a member
of either the lower or upper
house of Parliament. All have
scuts in both houses find therefore
not only have the privelege of
debuting but also of voting. Of
greatest importance, when an import
ant vote in the house, of commons
goes against the cabinet its
members must resign, so us to
permit a new cabinet, usually of
the opposing political party, to
be formed.
"The cabinet, under the British
system, is really a committee
of the house of commons which
the party in power permits to
manage all executive affairs and
to shape and lead all legislative
action. The cabinet in action is
the real government : while it
functions the prime minister is
the real ruler and Parliament is
his instrument.
"But there are checks and balances.
The house of commons
nun force the resignation of the
2abiiiet and the cabinet can force
the dissolution of the house. The
matter is thus put squarely up to
the people, who elect another
L f ??
nouse, iroin uie majority party of
which a new cabinet is chosen."
New Candidates.
interest in county politics has
been quickened somewhat during
the last few days by the announcement
of several new candidates.
Capt. U. 1*. Smith of
liock Hill has entered the race
[or judge of probate within the
last few days while announcement
was made Tuesday of the
candidacy of Porter B. Kennedy
[>f Sharon and Dr. J. Ij. Spratt of
Port Mill for the house of representatives.
The Rev. J. \V. II. Dyches left
a few days ago for Barnwell
county to conduct an evangelistic
meeting at Ashhtigh Baptist
church. lie is expected to return
home in time to fill his appointments
Sunday morning at
the Foil Mill Baptist church.
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