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... r; , v ' * - ' ' "T ' - v ' * ? . ' ' ' ' 0 ' ~ ' v - ; <-*Vr * . n ^ . v n *' ... - ; 1 V 1- t -\ . * . The Fort Mill Times. - ' - ' - ' - .. > i ' - : EiUblithod 1891. ' - _ _ ~ FOBT WILL, 8. 0. THTTRabAY, JULY 37. 1982. $1.60 Per Year. FARM LOAN PERVERSION. 'Board Would Destroy Cooperative Plan of Congress. The chief trouble with the govern ment is governors, says a writer in the Dearborn Independent. Legislatures write laws, but administrators work them, and often there is no trace of resemblance between the conception and the product. There is 110 better illustration of the grip bureaucracy has 011 lawmaking than the sad perversion that has overtaken the federal farm loan system. Congress, five years ago, set up with government lunus a cooperative farm loan system, which was intended to make it as easy for farmers to tap the great reservoirs of long-time investment capital as it was for industries to get at such capital. It was to be cooperative, democratic, extensive and the efficacious remedy for the ills of farm aud financing. Congress turned the "baby" over to the federal farm loan bureau with instructions to get it on its feet at he earliest possible moment, to foster its growth, and keep an eye on it in the public interest after it had attained majority and independence, just as the comptroller of the currency loks after the national banks. instead of obeying instructions the larm loan bureau made up its miinl riirht hwjiv?ami said so in its first annual report?that Congress wus all wrong in trying to set lip a cooperative farm loan system, and it has blocked and today is blocking every effort to get the federal land banks on an independent basis under the con.. trol of their stockholders, like any other bank, subject to the supervision of the board. Every one of the 12 land banks, from Springfield Mass., to Berkeley, -J** Cal., lias long since qualified for idepeudencc under the chartering .jict, by having $100,000 of its stock subscribed by the farm loan associations, but there isn't a single stockholder on the bourd of a single bank. The farmers hove invested more than $30,000,000 in the stock of these banns and haven't a word to say about their management, though Congress directed that as soon as they had subscribed $100,000 of stock in a bank they should have six of the nine directors on the board of that bank. In .the near future every cent of the $8,802,130 nut into the banks bv Con gress us u starter will be paid buek into the federal treasury. Notwithstanding these fuels, now comes the fanu loan bureau and asks Congress to give it perpetual control of the bunks. It proposes that euch bank shall have only three farmers to ,i'our appointees of the bureau on its board of directors. In other words, the bureau seeks to nullify the intent of Congress to create 12 farm loan banks owned and controlled by the farmers, and proposes to let the farmers own the banks while it runs them. In this way the farm loan bureau will establish itself as the compact control of whet is now really growing into an enormous finunciul power and may become u tremendous political power. In the course of the next five years it is more than likely that the loans und bond issues of the federal reserve banks will exceed 2 billion dollars and that their borrowers will number around half a million. Already under a slow-coach, hampering policy the loans of the land banks exceed $500,000,000 to about 160,000 borrowers. Furthermore, the farm loon bureau now proposes -that the 12 banks be authorized to create a central body Which shall handle permanently the sale and distribution ' of the bonds of the bankr. As the board controls the banks now temporarily and will control them permanently, if Congress complies With its recommendations, it will, through this bond selling agency, be able not only to determine What banks shall be allowed to , issue bonds but what ones shall .money. '-W'i- Thus jfr will be possible for . men?five, counting the secthe treasury, who is an jB^Htteto member of the bureau? MANY OUT OF FOLD. Less Than 500 Citizens Enroll for Democratic Primary. When the enrollment books of the Fort Mill Democratic club closed Tuesday evening in compliance witE"the party rules, after having been open for several vi eks, it was found that 497 citizens of the town and township generally hacj qualified to vote in the primary 011 August 29 for Stute and county officers. This year for the first time in South I'aroiinu women will take part 111 the primary and it was thought that many of them would welcome the opportunity to have a voice in the selection of public officials, but the Fort Mill club rolls show the names of only 69 who will be able to vote next month. Apparently few mistakes were made by Fort Mill citizens in signing the rolls. The rules of the party require that one's name be spelled out in full 011 the ('llllt flint Iliu nr lull* u?/> Iwi VUUi 1II>] VI *1V? ugc uv given correctly in years ami that the occupation or profession of the person enrolling be stated. Locally these details seem to have been complied with almost entirely. An examination of the Fort Mill club roll yesterday morning disclosed only one name which is practically certain to be stricken from the roll by the county committee. Other errors may be discovered by the committee, however, which will result in the enrollment being cut down somewhat. Two years ago the enrollment in Fort Mill totaled 360, .which The Times stated at the time was slightly in excess of the 1918 enrollment, but even with the increase of 137 in the enrollment this year over thai of two v???ra ago, it is perhaps correctly estimated that only a few more thau half the men and women of the township who could have voted in the primary this year will be able to do so. Interest in the town primary last year was much more pronounced than it has been in the State and county primary this yeur, as is evidenced by the fact that with citizens of the town only being eligible to vote for municipal officers the enrollment then ran to over 500. Talks of Machinists' Strike). A. 11. Withers of Jacksonville, Fla., is spending some time at the home of his nephew, T. W. Massey, in Fort Mill. Mr. Withers is a machinist who was employed at the Seaboard shops in Jacksonville prior to the strike which was called by the machinists' union several weeks ago. ] lie is well informed 011 eondi- j tions leading up to the strike and { says he is confident the men will win it, though their victory may noi come ior some time. lie also says thut the rolling stock of many railroads is rapidly deteriorating and that unless the fed-' eral ltftfci requiring the railroads to keep their engines and coaches up to a certain standard are strictly enforced that before long it will be dangerous to ride on the passenger trains of these railroads. Georgia Cotton Crop Failure. | Georgia's cotton crpp prospects [are the worst in the United States stiifI flip 1099 u M??\t f?v Aifww j iv iu W lit UC idl Ul'" I low that of any of the last 20 years, according to a statement made a few days ago by the agricultural bureau at Atlanta. Heavy rainfall and the boll weevil are responsible for the serious condition, it is stated. Some farmers becoming discouraged, have turned to other crops, another contributing factor in the promised crop shortage of the year. "In Georgia, the central and most important cotton district, the crop was virtually ruined by the boll weevil," the report continues. "Damage wrought by the pest has been enormous. The 'catastrophe was foreseen in 1921 and many farmers seeded down . their fields, planted other crops or allowed them to lie idle." | If you don't want to go to a fortune teller, you can learn all | about your past, present and future by running for office. ... ? tfSv'V NEWS OF YORK COUNTY. Items of General Interest Found in the Yorkville Enquirer. v Unless all the experience of the past shall prove at fault, there will be a mighty crowd of people at the picnic to be held at Filbert on Wednesday of next week. Prohibition officers operating in York county have been quite active during the past several days, destroying several distilleries and tllkinir n umiill linnnr C) w VA I1\JUV4. Enrollment of voters of Rock llill for the primary election is far short of thfe estimates of many politicians and others. While Rock Hill and suburbs could eusily enroll 2,500 or 3,000 voters, it is believed that a count of the voters will' show a total enrollment of less than 2,000. The "lid" is on again relative to the sale of soft drinks on Sunday. Folks accustomed to their regular Sunday morning "dope" vere told last Sunday that there Mas nothing doing and many of them had tp go without. The police officers have been instructed to tighten up in enforcement of the" ordinance against Sunday selling. The ladies' society of the Associate Reformed Presbvterian church, Yorkville, has presented Rev. J. L. Oates, D. D., the retiring pastor, with a beautiful silver pitcher,' and the officers of the church have given him a handsome gold watch. Dr. Oates will preach his last sermon as pastor of the congregation next Sabbath. Enrollment at the Clover precinct had grown to 450 up to Saturday afternoon. Saiu ?J. Matthews, one-of the members of the committee, was of .the opinion that it probably would reach 500 by July 25, although it was a little bit doubtful. Mrs. W. B. Smith, widow of the^ late Capt. \V. B. Smith, was the' oldest woman enrolled. She is 75. Of course all the cotton mills should shut down on Wednesday of next week?at least all the mills that are within reasonably close proximation of Filbert. The mill workers constitute a large and important element in York county citizenship and they have 'not only a right to see and hear (the future officers of the State, but they should be given the opj portuuity to see and hear. I W II \f iloir _w-w * vt , AA. A*A.AAV jr , CVOAlgVI* ist of the Presbyterian church, began a revival service in Tirzah Presbyterian chuch last Sunday which is to be continued throughout the week. Rev. Dr. Miley is accompanied by Rev. J. T. Hooker, his choir director." The initial service was attended by a large congregation and it is believed that congregations throughout the week will be all that could be expected in attendance. Candidates for York county offices who have been eager and anxious to know what the assessments against thein will be and those who have been anxious for the date of the closing to be fixed will be in possession of all that information after Monday, a meeting of the committee having been called by John A. Marion, ccunty chairman, for next Monday in order to fix these matters as well as to arrange a campaign itinerary for the county. Mrs. Effie Huggius, recently acquitted in the court of geneial sessions of complicity in the murder of her husband, J. Pink Iluggins, who was killed on November 7, 1921, and for whose murder Albert Zimmerman was fwivicted and is now serving a lie term in the penitentiary, left Saturday with her infant son for (lastonia, where she expects to live in the future in the home of a' relative. For several months past the woman has been living at the county home. . Bonds for Blacksburg. At an election -held in Blacks* burg Saturday to determine the question whether the town should issue bonds in the sum of $20,000 to build a hard surface street through the town, the vote was ; 128 for the bonds and 28 against. The State highway commission is said to have promised the town t $20,000 to aid in the project if the | election carried. 'V.- * ' 'V * ?; NO STATE AID? Source of Funds for Teachers' Salaries Uncertain. Tmstees of the Fort Mill public School are somewhat uncertain how they will meet in full the payment of teachers' salaries during the 1922-23 session of the school. At a meeting of the board of trustees several weeks ago agreement was reached to pay the teachers the same salaries for the coming session that they were paid during the last session; but it is now stated that 1 . ? ?uru recently was received iroiu the education department in Columbia that the fund appropriated by the Legislature to supplement the salaries paid teachers from local funds has been exhausted and that the trustees of the Fort Mill school need not expect any aid from that source this year. The local levy lacks several hundred dollars of providing sufficient money to meet the budget Of the school, the principal item of which is salaries, but the trustees yet have hopes of securing lit least a part of the State aid the law guarantees shall be forthcoming when certain conditions have been met in local assessments for school purposes. There is 110 question of the Fort Mill school district having complied with these conditions, it is stated. Poison Gas Making Ends. First steps for carrying into effect the - agreement reached at the Washington conference for the curtailment and ultimate stoppage of the use of poison gas in warfare were taken on behalf of th? United States government when the war department, a few days ago, issued a general order to discontinue the manufacture of poison gas for uriny use except in such limited amounts as may ;be necessary for research purposes and the development of gas defense appliances. The order stated specifically that it is intended to carry out the provisions of the treaty governing the use of submarines and poison gas. It was signed by Gen. Pershing as chief of staff. Filling of shells and projectiles of all kinds with gas is forbidden except for a .limited number needed for experimental purposes. Suggests American Cromwell. The eternal quarrel between capital and labor must be composed if the future is to have security, writes Savoyard, Washington correspondent. Capital is vitally interested. If a Cromwell should appear and captain labor and awful situation would arise. What do we see at the present f Reduction of wage from ocean to ocean and increase in the cost of living in every schedule of the McCuinber monopoly tariff. Newberryism tends to hasten the advent of ail American Crom well, a fanatic of gigantic and imperious will with genius to combine and fuse all elements of discontent. If such a man should come and revolutionize Amerieu as Oliver Cromwell revolutionized England, there will be terror in all our industrial centers. The one specific against bloody revolution is wisdom in council and justice in administration, in the womb of the future may be the tremendous circurastancq that America was saved by our beloved South, the home of the Anglo-Saxon, where there is little fuel to feed the fires of revolution and terror. Teaches School ISO Yea.ro Mrs. Bene D. Sterling of Little Bock, Ark., holds the unique record of 50 years of teaching in the public schools of that city. Born 81 years ago at Vicksburg, Miss., Mrs. Sterling went to Little Rock in 1872, and began teaching a short ime after the death of lice husband. Sha is still on the job at the Peabody public school. Mrs. Sterling estimates that she has taught at least 6,000 of the present population of Little Bock during her half century in the school room. There.are two things it doesn't pay to worry about*?those that you can help and those that you cannot help. J* M 'V . . j. . t | ROCKY ROAD FOR TARIFF. Lafollette Will Aid Democrats in Forcing Reductions. Party leaders generally agree that the tariff bill cannot be passed before September 1 and cannot be passed by that time if it encounters persistent opposition from Republican progressives and the deserting members of the old line Republicans, says a Washington dianateh. Tlio hill will then have to go to conference and as the senate rate^. in many instances, are much higher than the house rates, it may be assumed that the house conferees will make an effort to restore the house rates on many articles, which will mean futher delay. But there is another obstacle to the adoption of the bill with the senate rates if the usual procedure is had. The senate conferees. according to an established rule, will be composed of'the three ranking majority members of the finance committee and the two ranking minority members. The ranking Republican members of the committee are Met'umber, Smoot and Lufollette. The ranking Democratic members are Simmons and John Sharp Williams. Lafollette is against the extortionate senate rates and also is opposed to the extortionate rates in the bill as it left the house, so that it may be assumed be will A .. ...iii. it. a. i\ Villi* ?llll Uie l wo I/I'IIHICI<t I IC members in restoring most of the house rates which were increased by the senate. So that it will be seen that the profiteering tariff bill, which President Harding has repeatedly urged shall be passed against the better judgment of many members of his own party in both the senate and house, still has a rock road to travel. No Fatalities in Air Mail Service. | The air mail service of the gov-! eminent has gone through the' last year without a single fatal-J ity. Planes flying on the various' divisions between New York and San Francisco have covered more |( than 1.750,000 miles and carried J, more than 49.000,000 letters, in , all about 1,224,500 pounds. Last yeur when the first through shipments from coast to coast were , made' 17 lives were lost, includ- , ing those of three pilots. The record from July l(i, 1921. , to July 16 this year is by far the ( most wonderful performance in the history of practical flying. , The percentage, of trips eomplet- , ed was 92.5, as compared with ( 83 per cent the previous year. . Officials of the air mail service J attribute the new record to the } fact that the pilots have become , better accustomed to their routes, j several or wmcn eoniain some or the most perilous flying country | in the world. There are stotches of more than 100 miles over the Rocky mountains where a stop- < ped engine means calling it a day. Every day not less than 21 pi- , lets are in the air flying approximately 6,000 miles, or more than twice the number of miles from New York to San Francisco. The total number of miles travelel by the planes last year equalled 70 times around the world. Mail sent through New York , to San Francisco is taken across ( in three days, beating the rail- ( roads more than 24 hours. Pilots , fly by divisions, their speed av-jj eruging about 100 miles an hour; , sometimes, wheii the wind is with \ them, three miles an hour. , Lancaster oenate uanaiaates. Up to u few days ago it looked us it* no one would offer for the | State senate in Lancaster county , to succeed Senator S. 15. Bailos, j whose term expires this year and ( who announced some time ago that he would not offer for re- j election. Now, however, there j are two candidates for the office ] ?Dr. T. .J. Strait and ltoach S. ( Stewart, Esq.?and there is in ( prospect between the two a warm campaign before the primary on , August 29. Both have had experience in politics. For six years during the '90s Dr. Strait represented the Fifth district in (Jon- i gress and later served a term in the State senate. Mr. Stewart < has been mayor of Lancaster and for years has taken an active interest in county politics. i NOW MANY CABINETS. War Extends British Form of Government. Geography necessarily deals with kings and presidents and emperors, who change the face of political maps ami influence eco iiuimv. cunumuiiK; uoi so ircquentlv does it reckon with cabiuets. which arc a growing factor in world affairs. 41 Before the World war broke up the autocracies of Eurpoe, France was the only republic on the continent employing the British form of cabinet government, now the list includes, besides France: Finland, Esthouia.- Latvia, Lithuania. Poland, Germany, Czechoslovakia and Austria," according to a bulletin of the National Geographic society. "Recent agitation to permit members of the United States cabinet to be present on the floor of the senate and house to take part in debate on matters concerning their departments serves to bring out the differences be tween the privileges aiul duties of tlie cabinet members in various countries. "To begin with, the 'cabinet' of the 1'nited States is a cabinet in name only, for the government of the United States is in no sense a 'cabinet government ? as are the governments of (treat Britain and France, and those of a large number of other leading countries of the world. There is not even formal sanction for the existence of our cabinet as an advisory council to the president. The members have an undoubted legal status as heads of the various administrative departments, hut the president need never call them together. President Washington held no cabinet meetings at first and President Wilson did not call his department heads together for a period of many months. When the president does receive the advice of his cabinet, he is under no obligation to follow it. "Great Britain is 'the mother 01' cabinets'as well as 'the mother of parliaments.' Her cabinet is not of a fixed size and while most members are heads of departments, there are members 'without portfolio' who have no special duties. In direct contrast to the situation in the United States every member must be a member of either the lower or upper house of Parliament. All have scuts in both houses find therefore not only have the privelege of debuting but also of voting. Of greatest importance, when an import ant vote in the house, of commons goes against the cabinet its members must resign, so us to permit a new cabinet, usually of the opposing political party, to be formed. "The cabinet, under the British system, is really a committee of the house of commons which the party in power permits to manage all executive affairs and to shape and lead all legislative action. The cabinet in action is the real government : while it functions the prime minister is the real ruler and Parliament is his instrument. "But there are checks and balances. The house of commons nun force the resignation of the 2abiiiet and the cabinet can force the dissolution of the house. The matter is thus put squarely up to the people, who elect another L f ?? nouse, iroin uie majority party of which a new cabinet is chosen." New Candidates. interest in county politics has been quickened somewhat during the last few days by the announcement of several new candidates. Capt. U. 1*. Smith of liock Hill has entered the race [or judge of probate within the last few days while announcement was made Tuesday of the candidacy of Porter B. Kennedy [>f Sharon and Dr. J. Ij. Spratt of Port Mill for the house of representatives. The Rev. J. \V. II. Dyches left a few days ago for Barnwell county to conduct an evangelistic meeting at Ashhtigh Baptist church. lie is expected to return home in time to fill his appointments Sunday morning at the Foil Mill Baptist church. at&|?jC&-V vi,.- .. 1 " v * " - " * ; ' vi?V " -