Fort Mill times. (Fort Mill, S.C.) 1892-current, May 27, 1920, Image 4
AMERICA MUST SAVE
EUROPE FROM COLLAPSE
Des Jiolnes, la.?Speaking before the
General Conference of the Methodist
Episcopul Church, Henry P. Davison,
chalrninn of the Roard of Governors
of the league of Red Cross Societies,
said: * _..
As chairman of the Convention of
Red Cross Societies, composed of representatives
of twenty-seven nations j
that met recently In Geneva, I am custodian
of authoritative reports recording
appalling conditions among millions
of people living in eastern Europe.
One of the most terrible tragedies In j
the history of the human race Is being
enacted within the broad belt of territory
lying between the Baltic and the |
Black and Adrintlc Seas.
This area Includes the new Baltic I
States?Poland, Csecho-Slovakla, the |
Ukraine, Austria, Hungary, Roumnnla, j
Montenegro, Albania and Serbia.
The reports which come to us make j
It clear that In these war-ravaged j
lands civilization has broken down. '
Disease, bereavement and suffering I
are present In practically every house- |
hold, while food and clothing are In- |
sufficient to muke life tolerable.
Men, women and children are dying
by thousands, and over vast once-elvllized
areas there are to he found neither
medicinal appliances nor medical j
skill sutlident to cope with flic devas- |
' tntlng plagues.
Wholesale starvation ts threatened '
III l'olaiiil tills summer unless alio nun
procure food supplies in large quantl- ;
ties. There nre now approximately j
2T>0.000 cases of typhus In 1'oland and |
ir. ttie area occupied by I'ollsh troops. |
Worst Typhus Epidemic In History.
This Is already one of the worst typhus
epidemics In the world's history.
In Gullclu whole towns are crippled
and business suspended. In some districts
there is but one doctor to each
150,000 people.
In the Ukraine, we were told, typhus
and Influenza have affected most of the
population.
A report from Vienna, dated February
12. snld: "There are rations for
three weeks. Death stalks through the
streets of Vienna and takes unhindered
toll.
Budapest, according to our information,
Is one vast city of misery and
suffering. The number of deaths Is
double that of births. Of the 100,000
children In the schools, 100,(MM) are dependent
on public charity. There are
150,000 workers idle.
Typhus und smallpox have Invaded
the four countries composing Ozecho
Slovakia, and there Is lack of medicines,
soap and physicians.
In Serbia typhus has broken out
again niul there are tint 200 physicians
to minister to the needs of tliut entire
country.
In Montenegro, where food Is running
short, there are but Ave physicians
for a population of 450,000.
America Overflowing With Riches.
Returning to the United States a
few weeks ago with all these horrors
ringing In my ears, I found myself
once more in a land whose granaries
were overflowing, where health and
plenty abounded and where life and
activity and eager enterprise were In
the full Hood
I asked myself: "What If this plaguc
und famine were here In the greut territory
between the Atlantic seaboard j
and the Mississippi valley, which >
roughly pnrnllels the extent of these
ravaged countries and thut fif>,000,000
of our own people condemned to idleness
by lack of raw material ami
whose fields hud been devastated by
invasion and rapine were racked by
starvation and pestilence and if we
hnd lifted up our voices and Invoked
the til tent ion of our brothers in hap
pier Europe to our own deep miseries
and our cries hnd fullen on deaf ears,
would we not in our despair exclaim
against their henrtlessness!"
Only Three Ways to Help Europe.
There are only three ways by which
these stricken lands can secure sup
plies from the outside world. One Is
by payment, one by credit, and the
tblrd is by exchange of coinmodltles
If these peoples tried to buy materials
and supplies in Americ a at the present
market value ??f their currencies Aus
trla would have to pay forty times the
original cost, Germany thirteen times
Greece Just double, O/.echn-Slovnkln
fourteen times and Poland fifty times
These figures are otllcial and ?r* a
true Index of the economic plight of
these countries.
It Is clear, therefore, that they can
mot give us gold for the things they
must have, nor have they either prod
acts or securities to offer in relurn /or
credit. If only they could obtain raw
material which these Idle millions of
theirs could convert Into manufactured
products they would have something to
tender the world In return for Its raw
material, food ami medicine. Rut if
they have neither money nor credit
how are they to take this first great
step towards redemption
One-half the world may not eat
while the other half starves. How j
long do you believe Hie plague of typhus
thnt Is taking a hideous death
toll |n Ksthonln and Poland and the i
Pkraine and eating along the fr'nges (
of f!?n?c.ny and Pr.echo Slovakia wll'
confine Itself to tl^se remote lands? I
Only last Saturday our health commissioner
of New Vork, I?r. Copland,
sailed for the other side Just to uieusure
the danger and take precaution
against such an Invasion.
This is one menace at our threshold.
The other, more threatening, pmre terrible,
la the fnenace of the world's III
will. We can nfford to die, but to be
despised forever ua a greedy and Pharisaical
nation Is a fate that we must
not incur.
The French government haa many
serious problems to ao^vo, but tba
French peasant la working and tba
>
/
/
Frenr.j TrTIian, while Trtlil sadly Id
need of raw materials, has not Inst his
habit off Industry and thrift. The moat
encouraging fact about France toduy
Is that her people ure alive to the seriousness
of France** problem, and
'they are going forward bravely to
solve that problem.
Italy, despite her grout shortage of
raw material, is looking forward and
not backward. Italy can be relied
upon to do her part!
England Is meeting the problems of
reconstruction Just as those who knew
her past should have expected her to
meet them.
Plan to Aid Central Europe.
It Is not for me perhaps to give In
detail a formula for solution of the
world's Ills, but ns I have been asked
many times, "What would you do?" I
am glad to. give my own answer.
Accordingly, I would nsk:
1. That Congress immediately pass
a hill appropriating a sum not to exceed
$500,000,1 MM) for the use of Central
and Eastern Europe.
2. That Congress cnll upon the I*res- I
ident to appoint a nonpolltlcal com- |
mission of three Americans, distln- ;
Kiiiniini mr meir cnaracter and executive
ulillity and commanding the respect
of the American people. Such
a commission should include men of
the type of General Pershing, Mr. '
Hoover or ex-Secretury Lane. I would
invest that commission with complete
power.
3. I would have the commission Instructed
to proceed at once, accompu- |
nied hy proper personnel, to survey
conditions In Central and Eastern Ku- j
rope and then act for the restoration
of those countries under such conditions
and upon such terms as the commission
itself may decide to he practicable
and effective. Among the con- ,
dltIons should be provided thut there
should be no local interference with
the free and uiitrnmmcled exercise by
the commission of its own prerogative
of allocating materials. Governmental
(toll tics should he eliminated; unreasonable
and prejudicial barriers be- i
tween the various countries should be
removed, nnd such substantial guaran???
!l??iV o?oll..lvl.. -.1 1 ? *- -
... iiiiumini' minimi in* fx- I
n"ted In order tliut the conditions Imposed
sinmlil ln? fulfilled.
4. As to financial terms, I should
tiiaike tliem llhernl. I would ehnrue no
Interest for the llrst three yeurs; for
the next three yours, 0 per cent, with
provision that such interest might he
funded if the economic conditions of
the country were not approaching normal,
or if Its exchange conditions were
so adverse as to make puymeut unduly
burdensome, 1 should make the
maturity of the obligation 15 years
from its date, and I should have no
doubt as to Its tinal payment.
5. Immediately the plun was adopted
I would have our government Invite
other governments In a position
to assist, to participate in the undertaking.
It. To set forth completely my opinion.
I should add that In the Anal Instructions
tjie American people,
through their government, should say
to the commission :
"We want you to go and do this Job
In such a manner as, after study, you
think it should ho done. This is no
ordinary undertaking. The American
people trust you to see that it Is done
right."
I would also say to the commission:
"I'se so much o* this money as la
nrr.u-11. I CI KUIIllliy, 1 lllll 4*< > 11 tl < 14 * II t
Mint will) the assistance ami cooperation
which would come front other
parts of the world the sunt of
(HHi oou front tlie roiled States would
he more than enough to start these
countries on their way to self support
and the restoration of normal conditions.
The whole plan, of course. Involves
iiiany practical considerations, the
most serious of which Is that of obtaining
the money, whether by Issuing
additional I.lherty bonds, an increase
In the floatIiik debt or by taxation.
Rut I think we could properly say to
the treasury department:
"We know how serious your financial
problems are; we know the dilfleultles
which are immediately confronting
you; we know the importance
of deflation, ami we know that the government
must economize and that Individuals
must economize, htlt we also
know that the American government
advanced to its allies
to attain vlctnrv '
??..?. |irm r. i 1TIMII1ly
It Is worth making the additional
advance in order to realize the pence
for which we have already RtrUKftlMl,
for nothliiK Is more certain than that
until normal conditions are restored In
Knrope there can he no peace."
Above all things, I would say that
whatever action Is taken should tie
taken Immediately. The crisis Is so
acute that the situation does not admit
of delay, except with the possibility
of consequences one hardly d.ires
contemplate.
The situation that I have spread out
here is far beyond he scope of Individual
charity. Only by the action of
governments, our own and the others
whose resources enable them to oo-opernte,
can aid he given In sufficient
volume. 1 am also confident tlmt our
action would he followed hy the governments
of (treat Hrltain. of Holland,
of the Sen mil an vlnn countries, of
Spain end Japan, and that France and
Itelglum and Italy, tiolwlthstund'njt n'l
of their losses, would help to the heat
of their ability.
\\ ludiingion. May iM Secretary
'htniels today stated to the senate mini
:>ITa!r- "nve t git in;* unnniittee that
'ie lutd ordered the drafting of the plans
or war with ISertnany in 1015. Klalsirate
pl^n* for the protection of Xcw
York were included, lie said.
This testimony was developed in re
?*ly to tlie critieism that the navy hut !
no plans when this country entered the i
war.
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STATED COMMUNICATION.
m A stnted communicaturn
of Catawba Lodge,
No. f>?>, A. F. M.. of t
South Carolina, will he
held this< (Thursday)
evening, beginning at
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By order of the Worshipful Master.
C. S. Link. Secretary.
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Winlhrop College
Cl'UAl 1 OCUMi A Airx
jvm/uniunir r.d 1 RANUt
EXAMINATION
The examination for the award of
vacant Scholarships in Winlhrop College
and lor the admission of new
students will he held at the County
Court House on Friday, July ' ?. at
9 a. ni. Applicants must not he less
than sixteen years of age. When
Scholarships are vacant after July 2
they will be awarded to those making
the highest average at this examination, |
provided they meet the conditions
governing the award. Applicants for
Scholarships should write to President
Johnson before the examination fori
Scholarship examination blanks.
Scholarships are worth $100 and !
free tuition. The next session will i
open on September l.r?th, 1920. For '
further information ami catalogue, ]
address Pres. D. B. Johnson, Hock Hill,
S. CIf
you think The Timet worth ]
the money, $1.25 a year, your
subscription will be appreciated.'
PORT MILL, 8, C.
M01
For your chile
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Collapsible Go -Cc
Sulkies,
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These vehicles m
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YOUN(
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JONES DRUG COMPANY, t
Exclusive Fort Mill Agents
A. la, PARKS, ;
FUNERAL DIRECTOR AND FUNERAL
EQUIPMENT - MOTOR HEARSE t
FORT MILL, S. C. ?
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