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y? ; Established in 1891. PEACE SETTLEMENT SHOULD COME SOON SOCIAL AND NATIONAL LIFE OF GERMANY IN DANGER OF COMPLETE COLLAPSE. PRESSURE OF HUNGER GREAT Allies Intend to Exact From Germany Every Cent of War Indemnity She Can Possibly Pay. London.?Necessity for a prompt peace settlement was emphasised by Winston Spencer Churchill in the house of commons. All information, he said, showed the great privations the German people are suffering and the danger of collapse under pressure of hunger of the entire structure of wuiiuuu Bvciui auu national lire. To delay the peace settlement, declared the war secretary, would inevitably be to run the risk of having nobody to settle with and of having another great area of the world sunk under bolshevik anarchy. Regarding the amount to be recovered from Germany, Mr. Churchill said it had already been announced the allies intended to exact all Germany possibly could pay. There would be substantial contributions for the upkeep of the army on the Rhine in addition. The secretary closed by speaking of the necessity of safeguarding civilization against bolshevik anarchy, and likened Europe to a liner sinking gradually, compartment after compartment Ailing and threatening the great vessel, and all paseugers. QUESTION OF LEFT BANK OF RHINE LOOMS UP LARGELY Paris.?The question of the left bank of the Rhine will figure in the preliminary peace treaty, according to the Paris edition of The London Daily Mail. In certain quarters, it ~~*~"hdds, there is serious consideration of the formation of an Independent German republic on the left bank of th? Rhine. The allies, it is said, would continue to hold the present Rhine bridgeheads until Germany completed her indemnity payments. In discussing the Indemnity regulations as fixed by the peace conference committee on reparations the newspapers say Germany will have to pay a certain sum before the end of 1919 and the balance during a period of from 20 to 30 years. The allied powers will decide on measures to supply Germany with raw material and the manner in which commercial relations will be resumed. "PANDORA'S BOX PULL OF EVILS" 8HERMAN CALLS IT Washington.?The constitution of the league of nations, as presented at the peace conference, was pictured to the senate by Senator- Sherman, of Illinois, as a "Pandora's boxful of evils, which would empty upon the American people the aggregated calamities of the world." Senator Sherman sharply criticised President Wilson, asking who nuthorixed him to "rear above the republic an autocratic power." He added that the authority was not to be found in he constitution of the United States, nor was it implied from undefined war powers, and gave it as his opinion that the president has been acting either as "a usurper or a dictator." WHEAT GUARANTEE BILL READY FOR SIGNATURE Washington. ? The administration wheat guarantee hill was completed with the adoption of the conference report by the house, and Is now ready for President Wilson's signnturo. TV. n maaaitrn ? ??? mvuouiD a |?^i 91.UIIU,000 000 as a revolving fun'l for the purchase of whe*t and authorizes the president to create an agency or agencies for purchase of the 1019 cron at the guaranteed price of $2 29 a bushel and to repcso in the agency or agenc'es the ant?>or'*v to pnn?rv pii merce In wheat and wheat products. PRESIDENT WILSON WELCOMES NEW ENVOY FROM ARGENTINE |n welcom'ng the new Argentine enToy, Mr Wilson exnreessd npnrecln-. tion for the friendship of the South American republic and promised all possible assistance for the maintenance of harmonious relations between the two countries, Amon.? the bills siimcd hv the President were the rivers and harbors annrourlatino toll end the measure validating $2,700,009,000 worth of informal war contracts. GOVERNMENT SHOULD SERVE INTERESTS OF THE PEOPLE Washington.?Governors of States end mayors of municipalities, meeting to dtscuss alleviation of unemnloy ment. heard President W'lson In a hr'ef address emnhnslze the principle that governments should serve In thp } Interests of the common neonle. In this snlrlt he nrced that the federal, 1 8t*to and local rove-uments work to ^ gether "In steadv'nr and ei??ng and facijitet'nr the whole labor processei of the United States,** t ^^1 ^B ^B ^B^^B I A ^B i^B. . CHAPLAIN THOMAS SWANN j^BF Chaplain Thomas Swann of the Episcopal church of Saginaw, Mich., was awarded the distinguished service cress tot extraordinary heroism in action at the Marne and Vesle rivers during August, 1918. PLAGE TRUST IN IDEALISM Boston Speech Regarded as Searching Appeal to Hearts of the Plain People of America. Paris.?President Wilson's Bosfon speech was awaited here with curiosity and some anxiety. It wus expected to show how he intended to address himself to the task which is regarded here as a task of supreme importance for the result of the peace conference and for the political future of the United States. That task is to secure the support of American public opinion for the work already done in Paris and obtain a valid mandate for the work that remains to be done. As viewed from Paris, the question at issue seems to be whether the peapie and the legislative bodies of the United States will hold fast to the policy inaugurated by American intervention in the war and sanction an organization for peace in the world on a solid basis or whether they will prefer to revert to the policy of transAtlantic provincialism and call it splendid isolation. The best judges of the situation are the most optimistic. They believe that the strongest force in the United States is the unselfish idealism of the great mass of American citizens. They think that President Wilson has only to make plain to the Ameri i mt iiRuiiit; meir posuon as co-eponBor.s for the peace and welfare of civilized humanity for them to give him the support he needs in perfecting the arrangements tentatively made for the establishment of a league of nations and the formulation of a Just peace settlement. His Boston speech is regarded as a very searching ap1 pen! to the hearts of the plain people in America. FREDERICK H. GILLETT IS NOMINATED FOR SPEAKER Washington.?Representative Frederick H. Oillett of Massachusetts, was nominated on the first ballot bv the Republican caucus as the party candidate for speaker in the next house of representatives. Representative James R. Mann, of Illinois, ran second with Representative Philip Campbell, of Kansas, who I entered the rare a few days ago. after j Representative Shneon D. Fess, of Ohio, had withdrawn, far behind. EUROPEAN EMBARGOES ON COTTON CAN'T BE LIFTED Wshngton ?President Wllnon told senators and representatives from e.otton growing states it would be Impossible to lift European embargoes \ on cotton until aftor the formal dec laratlon of peace. The president told the cotton representatives and senators that, under the terms of the armisice, Germany's status quo must be m'lnnined which was a further discouraging indication for the cotton situation. A. MITCHELL PALMER IS TO BE ATTORNEY GENERAL Washington?President Wilson nominated A. Mitchell Palmer for the cabinet position of nttorney general. Mr. Palmer probably will ' take office March 4 the date tentatively fixed by Attorney General Gregory for his retirement when he resigned several months ago to return to private practice of law. The resignation of Mr. Palmer as alien property custodian has not been announced. | : - - ~ *,. . r.; :' FOR' TORT MILL, NEW LOAN BILL IS PASSEOJY SENATE HOU8E HOLD8 BRIEF SE88ION OI8PO8ING OF CONFERENCK REPORT ON HOSPITALS. MANY BILLS DOOMED TO FAIL No Matter of Sufficient Importance to Require the Calling of an Extra Session Expected to Arise. Washington.?The sixty-fifth congress entered upon its last full working day. facing an unprecedented mass of legislation, but with the contested "Victory loan" bill out of the way. The senate remained in session all night to pass the loan bill, the key-| stone measure of the calendar, while the house held a business session, disposing of the conference report on the hospital bill. Passage of the loan bill without a record vote and in the identical form in which it came from the hou$a defl nitely marked the course of future leg- i islation and gave assurance that President Wilson would not find it necessary to change his plan of deferring a call of the new congress until1 after his return from Franco, prob-' ably in June. Most Republicans favored an earlier extra session, but after Republican senators at a conference last night failed to reach any decision as to the advisability of obstructing the loan bill no filibuster was undertaken. Although many important bills, including the $720,000,000 navy appro-1 priatlon measure with its authoriza-1 tion of a new three-year building program and the 1,215.000.000 army bill. annarentlv nre Hnnmail tn oortuln f?:i ure. administration leaders believe that none is of sufficient importance to require an earlier call of congress, and that the president will adhere to his original plan, announced after he arrived from Paris. Passage by the senate of the "Victory loan" bill, authorizing sale by the treasury of $7,000,000,000 of new short term notes and $1,000,000,000 for advances by the war finance corporation in extending American foreign commerce, came after a bitter controversy. a threatened Republican filibuster. COAL AND OIL LAND LEASING BILL IS TALKED TO DEATH __ I Washington.?The oil and coil land leasing bill virtually was killed when obstruction led by Senator LaFolIette of Wisconsin, Republican, prevented a vote on the conference report which had been adopted by the house. Managers and opponents of the bill agreed that there now is practically no chance of securing action on the hill before Congress adjourns. Senator LaFolIette spoke for three hours and a half nad only yielded he floor to T>or?-ri't "V'pt- ? ' | bill being laid before the senate with the understanding that If the oil bill was again brought up. he would not be barred from speaking again. j The Wisconsin senator devoted most of his address to an attack on the senate rules giving conference reports priority over other matters and on the practice of bringing in s.icli reports on imDqrtant bill late In the session. Washington.?Forty per cent of the total known oil supply in the United States, exclusive - of oil shale depos its three states, has been exhausted, according to estimates transmitted by Secretary Lane to the senate commerce committee in compliance with a resolution presented by Senator Kansdell. of Louisiana. ITp to last January 1, Mr. Lane said a total of 4.5908.000.000 barrels had been produced, while the known available oil resources, not counting" the shale deposits, in the ground and in fb?ld storage were estimated at 6.740 400 000 barrels. D'stillation of shale deposits in Colorado. Utah and Wvom'ng. however, would produce 70 000 000.000 barrels of oil. the secretary said. LAST OF COASTWISE SHIPS RESTORED TO THEIR OWNERS Washington.? Ships of the Merchants and Miners Transportation Company, engaged in Atlantic coastwise traffic were turned back to nri vate management by the ruitroud administration. Officials of the company accepted the relinquishment which heretofore they have protested. This action restores the lust of ttfe coastwise steamship lines not owned by railroads to private management. 40,000000 RUSSIANS ENGAGE IN EFFORT TO SAVE COUNTRY Paris.?"Forty million Russians in organized governments are now cooperating in a movement for a reunited Russia. These Russians nre working and fighting, dying by hundreds and even by thousands daily. ' in an effort to save Russia from com! plote destruction; and all this is heing I done without a thought of political ambition." said Sergins Suzoncff, min! itser of foreign affairs In the Denikine i government. r Mil 8. G., THURSDAY, MARC 4? EDWIN Y. WEBtt M itVm P ufl I jMH|U 3 swfiBSfil? Representative Webb of North Carolina who haa been promised the vacant Federal judgeship in that State. PID NOT CHANGE OPINIONS Decision of Executive Council Will Not Be Binding Unless Approved By All Signatory Nations. Washington. ? President Wilson told members of the congressional foreign relations committees that unless the United States entered league of nations, the league would fail and chaos and turmoil beyond description would result in Europe. Views of republican members opposing the league constitution as reported to the peace i conference apparently were not changed by the conference. Hitchcock, of the senate committee, said the President held that derisions of the leagues executive council on disarmament would not be binding until specifically approved by each signatory nation, and that consequently the American Congres would have the opportunity to pass on the apportionment of armament for every I nation conecrned. The President said \ that section hud been misconstrued. Concerning the clause giving the right to the league to consider acts | threatening world peace, President l Wilson said that the clause was inI definite and would be made more clear ! by writing in a safeguard which j | would require that every recommen- | dation by the council should be unanimous. It also was said that the President informed the senators and representatives that the disarmament provision would not interfere with the military training of men. but that it was evident that a trained body of men would not be a danger to world 1 nnnr>A if thotr ormumAn* ??? . .. MiiuMiiioui otifkiiica were kept in check. Mr. Wilson said the provision for enforcing the determination of the council in case it was disobeyed by any nation would apply in only one case, and that where the party j against whom a decision was render| ed had property, including territory, in its possession which it would not surrender. i : EACH CHARGES OTHER WITH RES ONSIBILITY FOR DELAY Washington, ? Although marked progress in disposing of legislation was made by Congress after announcement that President Wilson would not call an extra session until after his return from Europe, adminj istration leaders still were extremely , doubtful that all the necessary appropriation bills could be enacted before adjournment. There was considerable tension over the legislative situation at the capitol after it became known that the President was insistent that all necossary legislation be disposed of at this session. On the senate floor, and in private conversations. Democrats and Republicans charged each I Other with rnonnnoilillH., ? ' ' i.T IU1 urmy ill action on important measures. MORRISON OPPOSES REPEAL OF DAYLIGHT SAVING LAW Washington.? Prediction of labor leaders that a national daylight-saving | law. making all working hours day; light hours would reduce the number of industrial accidents, was borne out In the pas year, said Frank Morrison, secretary of the American Federation of Labor, in a statement urging that the law be not repealed. Provision for repeal of the act has been attached by the senate agriculture committee as a rider. CONSTITUTION OF LEAGUE IS WISE, SOUND AND JUST Washington. ? Senator Owens of Oklahoma. Democrat, speaking in the senate, declared that while not per feet, the proposed constitution of the ; league of nations is "wise, sound and ! Just" in Its fundamental principles. | The speaker, who has just returned I from France, urged the senate to con- | slder the league plan constructively ! rather than "existing vague suspicions and arousing the hostility of i our people." I LL Tl IH 6, 1919 RAILROADS REMAIN' IN FEDERAL HANDS CONGRESS MAY TAKE SOME ACTION IN SUMMER SESSION IF ONE IS CALLED. I imPBOVEmENTS TO BE MADE The Railway Administration Decision Not to Relinquish Control at This Time is Not Reversal of Policy. Washington.?Uncertainty over the status of railroads in the immediate future was largely removed by Director .General Hines' announcement ufter conferring with President Wilson, that the government would not turn the roads back to private management until Congres had more opportunity to consider a permanent program of legislation. This was generally interpreted as meaning that the railroads would be under government management for at least another year, and probably longc \ If a special session of Congress is called early in the summer, railroad legislation might be taken up. With the temporary statu* determined. the railroad administration will go ahead vigorously with the pro gram for making improvements and extensions, both for the sake of the rail properties and to stimulate the demand for material* nn?i i .1.? ing the readjustment period. Another effect will be the increased use of waterways iu accordance with Director General Hines''expressed policy. It was said at the railroad ndministrution that ?the decision not to relin quisli the railroads at this time is not a reversal of policy. The railroad administration has long advocated eurly relinquishment, it was explained, but not until Congress had had time to uct on the proposed five-year extension of government control or to consider other legislation. DOG MEAT SELLING AT TWO DOLLARS PER POUND Washington.?Additional light on the situation in the portions of Russia under bolshevik control is given by a summary of reports secured recently from a number of refugees who passed through Helsingfors on their way from Moscow to Stockholm. "The party at Helsingfors," said the summarv. "whs comoosed of French, British, Belgian and Italian citizens, most of them Red Cross workers. The reports all agree as to the excessive cost of all necessaries and the scarcity of food. Dog meat is quoted at four rubles (two dollars) a pound, horse meat at 15 rubles a pound, pork at 60 rubles and bread at 15 rubles. SAYS FRANCE DOES NOT WANT GERMAN TERRITORY Paris.?The peace conference plans to reach agreements on the more important questions between March 8 and March 15. Captain Andre Turdieu, one of the French delegates. told foreign newspaper correspondents. He said the conference hud four vital problems to solve?the Franco-German frontier flic Adriatic ?itimtinn the Russian frontier and the question of the freedom of the seas. All those questions probably will he completed in a fortnight. Captain Tardieu declared France does not desire to annex the loft hank of the Rhine, hut only wants guarantees which will prevent Germany from using it as a base for attacking France. EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES GET AMERICAN SOLDIERS Cohlenz.?The American officers and men who are go'ng to Rritfsh and French universities as sold'ers on detuehed serv'oo have been selected n"d will proceed immediately to the d'fferent universit'es ?ssiened them The i number of applications for the British universit'es was loree. and naturally there were sothe who were disnp pointed BLIZZAP^R ARE REPORTED IN SEVEN WESTERN STATES; Clilraso?Blizzards were reported in Minnesota, iowa. Ml3seu?ut i)k!i homa, aKnsas, Nebraska an 1 ?oiithern South F?akota. The weather bureau predicted zero weather for Chicago. In Minnesota a stock train stalled 1n the snow was struck by a passenger train, two persons killed and a number inujred. Near Wausa. Neb., a passenger train with 25 persons aboard was stalled in the snow. ANOTHER EFFORT ON FOOT TO SUBMIT SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT Washington.?Chairman Jones, o". the senate woman suffrage committee, announced that before Congress adpourns another effort would be made to secure adoption of a resolution authorizing submission of an equal suffrage amendment to the federal constitution. In making the announcement Senator Jones introduced a mort'fled re.solutfon giving states initial authority to enforce the proposed I amendment". r ^i^B ^ CAMP GREENE IS GIVEN IM Company Composed of Land Owners of Bite Aequlro Title to the Em tiro Property for $25,000. Washington (Special).?The war department has practically made Charlotte a present of Camp Oreene. It has turned over the camp, lock, stock and barrel, to the company composed of land owners of the site, represented by Mr. E. C. Griffith, for the nominal sum of $25,000. Charlotte is to assume all liabilities that might arise. The papers wore signed by the warr department authorities this morning and the Camp Greene deal is officially and finally closed. There were two other bids for the camp, but the department was inclined to give Charlotte preference. Manager Griffith says he expects the camp will be turned over to his company by March 15. His plans for development of the camp into an industrial and manufacturing suburb are well advanced, tome deals having been already closed. Among these is one by which the splendid laundry building completed about the time the armistice wsa signed, will be utilized as a spinning mill. Public Incomes Tax Exempt. Statesville.?Officers and employes in m suuc or a political subdivision thereof, such as a county, city or town, will not be required to pay income tax on their salaries, wares and official fees received during 1918, according to rulings of the internal revenue bureau at Washington, copies of which were received at the offiqp of Collector Watts. In determining his liability to file a return and to pay income tax. under the new revenue law. any such officer or employe may omit such compensation from his gross income. With respect to any taxable Income he may have received in 1918 from other sources, he is subject to all the provisions of the law. and must file a return if such other Income amounted to $1 Oftft or more or $2,000 or more dependent upon his married or single status. Will Lift Embargo on Crabs. Washington. ? Shipments of soft shell crabs from Eastern North Caro Una to destinations north of the Potomac river and points west of the Ohio river can proceed uninterrupted after March 1. The embargo of the product that finds favor on tables north and west will be lifted then. To the Tar Heel who resides far Inland. the idea of a soft shell crab industry big enough to invite an order from the United States railroad administration may provoke laughter. However, the industry brings into Carteret county alone something like $75.000 during the rush season of March. April and May. An Effective Liquor Law. Morganton.?Wilson's Burke county liquor law has gone Into effect with a rush and during the few days it has been in effect three alleged blockaders have been Jailed. This being equal to any month previous. The expense of being caught and tried now comes from the moonshiner and the fee, $50, for each man caught in operating a still, is paid by the moonshiner himself instead of a county or government expense, as heretofore. Registration of 789,813. Washington (Special).?A total of 482.48.1 North Carolina inen and 307,350 South Carolina men registered for selective service In the four registrations, according to figures included in the second annual report of Provost Marshal General Enoch Crowder to Secretary of War Baker, copies of which were received by the members of the local board for Charlotte. Of the North Carolinians. 105.922, or ^6 29 per cent, were unmarried, and South Carolina had 65.733. or 45.43 per cent, single registrants. This state sent into the national army through the draft 51.690 men, while South Carolina sent 37.104. and of these 4."17 North Cnrol'nians and 3.653 South Carolinians were rejected, leaving vorth Carolina a renresentation of 47.173 men in the national army and Roiifii Carolina 33.451. Young Ao-.irt In Trouble. Asheville.?Following a raid made on the Lsnpren hotel by S. Glenn YounR, captor of the Crawleys. Gny S Lavender. manager of the hotel, had a warrant issued for Younc. charRine the Rovernment aRent with assault with a deadlv weapon and false imnrisonment for the period of one hour. Mr. Lavender charRes YounR with threatening to '"flx" him (Lavender) followinR the payment of a hotel *>*11 which Lavender savs he re?u?r?d the apent to pav. and which Young do pled he owed. Bridge to Be Rebuilt. Fayetteville.?Plans already under way for the erection of a new concrete bridRe to replace the county bridge at Manchester burned, accordinR to announcement made by F. L. Holeombe. member of the board of county commissioners. Mr. Hoicombe. E. V. Fden and Albert Wade commissioners, with an engineer and contractor, visited the scene of the (Ire and plans for the new hridgo arc heinR drawn now. Construction will bo completed tn 60 days. ; s. A $125 Per Tear. DEDUCTION FROM TUX LIBERAL MERCHANTS MAY DEDUCT FROM ncTwnri ALL AMOUNTS PAID OUT FOR ADVERTISING. IMMUNITIES OF PHYSICIANS Farmers Deductions Consist Partly In Cost of Seed and Fertilizer Used, and Harvesting of Crops. Statesville.?That deductions more liberal than those embraced in any of the previous income tux-acts, for business expenses, are allowed under the new revenue law. is a fact that Collector Watts, of this district, is calling to the attention of the taxpayers throughout his division. Discoursirg further upon this subject Mr. Watts said: "Business expenses are the amounts nctuullv 1 * |.nui ui iiiciirrca during the tax year in the conduct of a business, trade or profession. "A merchant may claim as deductions the amount paid for advertising. hire of clerks, and other employes, the cost of light and fuel, water, telephone, etc.. used In his place of business, the cost of operating delivery wagons, motor trucks, and incidental repairs to such vehicles. Amounts expended in entertaining out-of-town customers may be deducted if the sole purpose is to cultivate the good will of the customer and obtain an increase in trade. "A physician may claim as deductions the cost of medicines and medical supplies used by him in his practice. a reasonable proportion of the expenses paid in the maintenance an ! repair of en automobile used in making professional calls, the expenses of attending medical conventions, dues to medical societies and subscriptions to medical journals, the rent paid for office rooms, the cost of heat, light, water, telephone, etc., used in such office rooms and ?he hire of office assistants. The same deductions are allowed a dentist. "The farmer may deduct all amounts paid out in preparing his land for a crop and the cultivation, harvesting and marketing of the crop. The cost of seed and fertilizer used end amounts expended in caring for irvestock are deductible items. The cost of minor repairs to farm buildings other than dwellings, and of fences, farm machinery and wagons may be claimed, also the ?ost of farm tools which are used up in the course of a year or two and of materials for immediate use such as binding twine. stock powders. etc. Another Industry For Charlotte. Arrangements are being made which are exneeted to result In the bringing to Charlotte about 10 000 tons of uonpatone annually from flemp. 85 miles east of this city on the Norfolk Southern railroad, to be ground. and talc extracted by the Oliver Qunrtz company, which will be shipped to northern points. accord'ng to "W. S. Creiphton. of the Charlotte Shippers and Manufacturers' Association. Soapstone Is gathered at Hemp. Heretofore, the soapstone has been ground by a plant at Hemn and sloped direct to northern points. Th? Oliver Quarts C!omn?nv break of the war. has been engaged almost solely In the manufacture of acid proof cement for the government and war contracts having been filled, the companv is to turn to the gr'nding of sonpstone and shipping of tale as one of its pence-time activities. Webb to Get Judqeshlp. Washington. ? President Wilson said that he would appoint the federal Judge for North Carolina right away, and added that he had made up his mind to name Representative Webb. This information is accurate. It is believed now that the President will act immediately after Congress adjourns. It will be a recess appointment. Teachers Are Poorly Paid. Charlotte.?The average salary paid teachers in 1918 was $243 less a year than the average wage pMd to scrub womfin in the United States navy yard." stated a card received by C?nntv School Superintendent J. M. Matthews from the University of North Carolina education extension service, urging general support of the new educational hill Introduced in Congress hv Congressman Towner, of Iowa. This hill, the card stated, provides for the estahllshmentof a federal department of labor. Boy Mangled by Dynamite. Statesville. ? Herman Pharr. 17year-old Bchoolhov, had his hand badly mangled while en route to school with a piece of dvnamite in his pocket. Just how the accident occurred cannot he explained by the bov except that he was fingering with the explosive while it lay In his pocket and it suddenly "went off." His motive for having had such a dangerous piece of paraphernalia In his possession could not be learned. Doctors say it may be necessaiy to amputate the wounded hand.