#." -r .
K: ^
__ Tl
Established in 1891.
HOOVER TELLS All
THE FOOD FROBLE
Shows Absolute Necessity of Incr
of Waste, Backing Up His
Figures of the Su
Washington, Aug. 20.?Food Administrator
Hoover tells the American
people. In n lengthy statement Issued
today. Just what Is the food situation
of the world, what are to be the needs
of the nations allied ngnlnst the central
powers, and what must he done
to supply those needs and to feed the
population of our own Innd.
The normal Imports of wheat and
other cereals by France, Italy, the
United Klnirdotii iind Relirlum. and the
estimates of the 1017 crop In those
countries cotnpnred to the normal production
are Riven by Mr. Hoover In
tnhulnted form, nnd the conclusion Is
drawn that in order to provide normal
consumption It will he necessary
for them to Import In the next 12
months 577.000.000 bushels of wheat
and t574.000.000 bushels of other cereals.
If the crops of the United States
and Canada all mature safely, North
America will have an apparent surplus
of 208.000.000 bushels of wheat
and 050.000.000 bushels of other cereals.
The allies, therefore, must use
other cereals than wheat for mixing
in their war bread, and the people of
America must reduce their consumption
of wheat flour from Ave to four
pounds per week per jierson.
Decrease in Food Animals.
A careful estimate of the world's
food animal position shows a total net
decrease of 115,005,000, and this will
be greater as the war goes on. As
the Increase of herds and thicks takes
years, we must reoucc ine consumption,
eliminate waste aud carefully control
meat exports.
Our home dairy products supplies
are decreasing, while our population Is
increasing, and we must ship Increasing
amounts of such products to
our allies. Consequently this Industry
must he stimulated, and home
users must save the wastes ln>mllk und
butter. Much the same may he said In
the case of sugar.
Mr. Hoover urges a greater consumption
of flsli and sea foods. In
which our coasts and lakes are enormously
rich. The products of the land,
he reminds us, are conserved by the
eating of those of the sea.
Our Duty.
lu conclusion the food administrator
says:
I have endeavored to show In previous
articles that the world Is short of
mmiu , mill Durupe i?i anuniuii'u wmi
the grim specter of starvation unless
from our abundance and our waste we
keep the wolf from the door. Not only
must we have a proper use of our food
supply In order that we may furnish
our allies with the sinews with which
I hey may tight our battles, but It Is
an act of humanity towards fellow
men, women and children.
By the diversion of millions of men
from production to war, by the occupation
of land by armies, by the Isolation
of markets, by belligerent lines,
and by the destruction of shipping by
submannes, not only hns the home production
of our allies fallen by over
fiO0.000.000 bushels of grain, but they
are thrown upon us for a much larger
proportion of their normal Imports formerly
obtained from other markets.
Iliey have reduced consumption at
every point, but men In the trenches,
men In the shops, and the millions of
women placed at physical labor reUUil'e
more food than dnrlnir
times, mid the Incidence of their saving
and tiny shortage which they may suffer,
fulls tlrst upon women and children.
If this privation becomes too
grout, their peoples cannot he maintained
constant in the war, and we will
lie left alone to tight the battle of
democracy with Germany.
The problem of food conservation Is
one of many complexions. We cannot,
and we do not wish, with our free Institutions
and our Inrge resources of
food, to Imitate Europe In Its policed
rationing, but we must voluntarily nnd
Intelligently assume the responsibility
before us us one In which everyone
has a direct nnd Inescapable Interest.
We must Increase our export of foods
to the allies, and In the circumstances
of onr shipping situation, these exports
must be of tbe most concentrated
foods. These are wheat, flour, beef,
pork and dairy products. We have other
foods In great abundance which we
can use Instead of these commodities,
and we can prevent wastes In a thousand
directions. We must guard the
drainage of exports from the United
States, that we retain a proper supply
for our own country, and we must
adopt such measures as will ameliorate,
so far as may be, the price conditions
of our less fortunate. We might
no drain the supplies from the country
!o Uurope as by the high prleea*tf.at
would follow to force 4 ur people to
HE F<
sir:
i and its sni imnii i
.Ill MIIW V WWUW I IUI1
j
eased Production and Elimination
Statements With Facts and
pply and Demand.
shorten their consumption. Thts oper
utlon of "normal economic forces'
would starve thnt element of the community
to v hom we owe the most protection.
We must try to Impose the
burden equally upon all.
Action Must Be Voluntary.
Th??r?? Is MO rnvnl rntul /* i'Aoil
servatlon. We cnn only accomplish
this by the voluntary action of our
whole people, each element In proportion
to Its means. It Is a matter of
equality of burden; a matter of minute
saving and substitution at every
point In the 20,000.0(10 kitchens, on the
20,000,000 dinner tables and In the
2,000,000 manufacturing, wholesale and
retnll establishments of the country.
The task Is thus in Its essence the dally
Individual service of all the people.
Every group can substitute and even
the great majority of thrifty people
can save n little?and the more luxurious
elements of the nonulatlon cnn hv
reduction to simple living save much.
The final result of substituting other
products and saving one pound of
wheat flour, two ounces of fats, seven
ounces of sugar and seven ounces of
meat weekly, by each person, will,
when we have multiplied this by one
hundred million, have Increased our
exports to the amounts absolutely required
by our allies. This means no
more than that we should eat plenty,
hut eat. wisely and without waste.
Food conservation has other aspects
of utmost importance. Wars must he
pnld for by savings. We must save
in the consumption in commodities and
the consumption of unproductive labor
In order that we may divert our
manhood to the army and to the shops, j
The whole of Europe has been engaged
ever since the w|r began In the
elimination of waste, the simplification |
of life, nnd the Increase of its industrial
capacity. When the war is over
the consuming power of the world will
be reduced by the loss of prosperity
and man power, and we shall enter a
period of competition without parallel
In ferocity. After the war, we must
maintain our foreign markets If our
working people are to be employed.
The Impact of the food shortage of
Europe has knocked at every door of
the United States during the past three
years. The prices of foodstuffs huve
nearly doubled, and the reverberations
of Europe's Inoreuslng shortage would
have thundered twice as loudly during
the coming year even had we not
entered the war, and It can now only ,
be mitigated If we can exert a strong
control and this In many directions.
We are today In an era of high
prices. We must maintain prices at I
such a level as will stimulate produc- j
tlon, for we are faced by a starving ,
world and the value of a commodity to
the hungry Is grenter than Its price.
As a result of the world shortnge of 1
supplies, our consumers hnve suffered
from speculation and extortion. While |
wages for some kinds of labor huve
Increased with the rise In food prlees, |
In others. It lias been difficult to main
tnm our high standard of nutrition.
By the elimination of waste In all 1
classes, by the reduction In the con- }
sumption of foodstuffs by the more fortunate,
we shall Increase our supplies
not only for export hut for home, and
by Increased supplies we can help in
the amelioration of prices.
For Better Distribution.
Beyond this the duty has been laid
upon the food administration to co-operate
with the patriotic men In trades
and commerce, that we may eliminate
the evils which have grown into our
system of distribution, that the burden
may fall equitably upon all by restoration,
so far as may be, of the normal
course of trade. It is the purpose
of the food administration to use Its
utmost power and the utmost nblllty
that patriotism can assemble to ameliorate
this situation to such a degree as
may be possible.
The food administration Is nssem
Kline ?-"? ?? ?
u.Mift Kriii v-A^ri-l I nuvice in me 1
country on home economics, on food
utilization, on trade practices and
trade wastes, nnd on the conduct of
public eating places, and we shall outline
from time to time detailed suggestions,
which If honestly carried out by
such Individuals In the country, we believe
will effect the result which we
must attain. We are asking every
home, every public eating place and
many trades, to slam a nledee eerrt I
to accept these directions, so far as I
their circumstances pernHt. and we are
organizing various Instrumentalities to
ameliorate speculation. We are asking
the men of the country who are
not actually engaged In the handling
of food. to sign similar pledges that
the? shall see to It, so far as they are
able, that these directions are followed
FOET MILL, S. C.( THTJE
MEANS MONEY SAVING
SPECIAL STEPS TAKEN TO PROVIDE
AMPLE FACILITIES FOR
STORING OF POTATOES.
Government Officials Have Worked
Out a Plan Which It Will Be for
the Best Interests of Grower*
to Follow.
Washington.?Active efforts are to :
l>e made by the federal authorities to ;
secure concerted action In the effort j
to conserve the country's supply of
potatoes. In this connection the following
statement has been Issued:
Unusual facilities for financing storage
are offered American potnto growers
as a result of war conditions. The
federal reserve system is at their disposal.
and farmers who store their 1917 i
potato crop In approved local warehouses.
may obtain, upon their storage
receipts, 90-da.v loans from member
hanks of the reserve system at a rate
not to exceed 0 per cent. Mr. Lou D.
Sweet, potato expert with the food administration.
was instrumental in
bringing this matter to the reserve
board's uttention.
New England growers have started
a movement to take advantage of this
ruling to help them solve their marketing
problem. The prospect which the
growers of this group of states face
is flint of handling 45,000.000 bushels
of potatoes?one-tentli of the entire
United States crop?without causing
an overstocked market and the resulting
loss of all profit on the crop.
The growers communicated with local
authorities In their respective
states, who In turn laid the situation
before the food administration. A conference
between the growers, locnl authorities
and experts from the food
administration xvns held recently at
lloston, Mass. A plan of action was
mapped out at this meeting which includes
the following:
1. Marketing of only one-third of the
crop at harvest time; another third in
00 days, or placing in storage and later
distributed as demand affords opportunity
; the remaining third to ho
stored hy the grower and marketed
throughout the year.
2. All potatoes to he graded with
care, taking out culls, cuts, cracks and
any that are bruised. It wits recommended
that a wire screen grader he
used?one and seven-eighths-inch mesh
for oblong tubers and two-inch mesh
for round ones. Graded stock then to
be placed in good two-bushel sacks??
one hundred and fifteen pounds to tha
ouvo (I I 111 III!" nil! US SCWVII UgllllV MO
as to prevent shucking and bruising.
3. Increasing the load in each railroad
car from the normal 30,000
pounds. That these cars can be unloaded
within '24 to 3G hours of their
arrival at destination.
4. That municipalities and other
bodies provide storage for as large
quantities as possible at the peak of
the harvest.
"A storage house." said Lou D.
Sweet, who attended this meeting,
"such as will conform to the requirements
laid down by the Federal Reserve
hoard, does not call for a specially constructed
house. There are Innumerable
buildings, which, if properly
cleaned, ventilation provided, and managed
so as to maintain a temperature
of about 35 degrees, will answer admirably
for this purpose.
"This yenr the United States planted
Its potato crop from the poorest quality
of seed that ever went Into the
ground, and naturally the harvest will
be potatoes of poor quality. Strict
grading, careful packing, commonsense
storage, and careful shipping are
necessary to insure just returns to the
growers who have responded to the
president's call for Increased production
of potatoes."
SHE HAD WAYWARD DAUGHTER
Neighbor Was Surprised When Sh?
Found Cause of Severe Rebuke
Administered by Mother.
A *!ad.v living In a large apnrrment
house relates the followihg:
"1 had occasion one day to visit the
apartment of a neighbor. Such grnv?
and earnest tones of remonstrance
reached my ears, as I approached my
friend's room, that I hesitated about
Intruding. I found her winsome young
daughter with her. and the mother had
evidently been rebuking her. for tho
girl's f?ce was flushed, and there were
tears In her eyes.
"Come In." said my friend. "I hav?
finished what I wus saying to Jenny,
and I hope she will remember my
wishes."
"Ah. these children ? these children
!" thought I to myself.
"I have Just been telling her," continued
my friend, "that she must not
wear her evening gloves when she goes
shopping in the morning. In the tlrst
place, It Is not genteel; and In the
second place, it is extravagant."
Her evening gloves! And yet. I assure
you, her tone and expression, and
the Impression made on the child,
would have befitted a serious wrongdoing?one
that had Issues In tlms
and eternity.
V
.
fTDTV
Lflil
f\
|
Mill
SDAY, AUGUST 23, 1917
BIG OFFENSIVES !
DRIVINGJEUTONSj
FRENCH AND ITALIAN ARMIES
HAVE STARTED MONSTER
DRIVES.
BRITISH HOLDING GROUND
French Make Great Gains at Avocourt
on Eleven-Mile Front. Ital !
lans Bombardment is of Appalling
intensity.
W? *?I. * 1? n.iti.1. . ? ? ? 1
i< <iu iLie xji ilizsii iruups uusuy en- ,
gaged In the successful parrying of j
German counter thrusts against the |
newly-won ground In Flanders, the
French and the tlalians have started .
French and the Italians have started
against the Germans near Verdun and |
the Italians against the Austrians
from the region of Plava to near the
head waters of the Adriatic sea.
Sharp, decisive blows have gained
for the French positions held by the
Germans on a front of more than
eleven miles extending from the Avo- I
court wood eastward across the river i
Meuse and into the Hois do Chaume, I
while the Italians, after a bombard- j
ment of an intensity never before ex- j
perienced in that theater, have level- ]
ed Austrian defenses, crossed the ruin?
and also the Isonzo river and now are j
at deadly grips with the enemy along
a front of about thirty-seven miles.
Nearly 12.000 prisoners already have j
bean counted by the French and Ital- I
!ans, and doubtless this number will
he materially augmented when full j
details of the lighting are at hand,
in addition the Germans and Austrians
I lost heavily in men killed or wounded
; and in guns and machine guns captured.
Weltered In Blood.
The new territory taken by the
French embraces positions that have
literally weltered In French and Qer- j
man blood In battles that have been
waged to and fro since the German >
crown prince started his most costly |
enterprise, the attempt to take Verlun.
which resulted in utter failure
ns a military maneuver and cost the
lives of tens of thousands of his men. j
UNITED STATES JUDGE
HOLDS DRAFT LAW VALID
Common Law Cannot Prevail Against
Act of Congress.
Mount Airy, Ga.?Federal District j
Judge Speer held the selective draft I
law constitutional in a decision made '
public here. The decision was ren- i
| dered on application for writs of 1
j habeas corpus for Albert Jones and :
John Story, hold in the Richmond
( county. Georgia Jail, charged with vio|
luting the law and were represented
! by Thomas E. Watson. Watson eontended
that the law is in contraven|
tion of the involuntary servitude |
amendment.
Judge Speer left for Fairfield, N.
i C., where it is expected he will d?ciHn i
whether or not The Jeffersonian. a
magazine published by Watson, shall
i be allowed in the mails. It has been '
denied admission by the postmaster at
Thomson, Ga., the place of publica- j
tion because it contained what had
been charged seditious utterances.
Judge Speer in donying the writs,
declared that to agree to the contention
that the selective draft law contravenes
the\ thirteenth amendment
would be to conclude that the soldier
is a slave.
"Nothing could be more abhorrent
to the truth." said Judge Speer, "nothing
mode degrading to that indispensable
and gallant body of citizens
trained in arms to whose manhood,
skill and courage is. and must be,
committed the task of maintaining the
very existence of the nation and all
that its people hold dear."
PRICE OF HOGS GOES TO
$19.75 PER 100 POUNDS
Chicago.?Hog prices, which have
risen every day since July 21, reached
a new high record when they soared
to $19.75 per 100 pounds.
On August 1. 1914, hogs sold for
$8.90. The top price during August
1915, was $7.85.
TWO EXEMPTION BOARD
MEMBERS ARE SENTENCED.
New York.?With two former members
of draft exemption board number
ninety-nine in this city sentenced to
two years each in the federal penitentiary
at Atlanta, Ca., after they
had pleaded guilty to charges of conspiracy
to obetruct th selectivo draft
law, federal attorneys announced that
speedy iustlce would be sought in the
case of Kalman Oruber, a dentist, indicted
as an alleged "go botw.en."
. v*- Tim
BIG WAR PROGRAM
A lllf " a ""
15 WtLL AUVANUtu
LEADERS EXPECT VACATION BY
SEPT. 15 OR OCTOBER FIRST
AT LEAST.
SOME NEW FINANCE BILLS
After Passage of Revenue Measure
Congress Leaders Will Devote a
Short Time to a Peace Debate on
Resolution of LaFollette and Others.
Washington.?The legislative program
of Congress has assumed such
definite form that leaders expressed
hope for a vacation about September
15 or not later than October 1.
Included iu the progrem for disposal
within the next three or four
weeks are:
The $2.006,000,000 war tax bill.
a ubw war ouaget authorizing
about $7,500,000,000 in bonds, probably
at four per cent tor further loans
to the allies and to retire the $3,000,000,000
of 3 1-2 per cent honds already
authorized and providing for
$2,000,000,000 worth of certificates of
indebtdness and a like amount of
small denominations war savings certificates.
Great New Appropriations.
A deficiency appropriation measure
aggregating between $0,000,000,000
and $7,000,000,000 now being prepared
by the House appropriations committee.
The administration trading with the
enemy bill, which passed the House
July 11.
The administration insurance of
soldiers and sailors bill.
The Webb export trade bill, peace
resolutions iu the Senate, extension of
the espionage act and several minor
measures.
Most of these. measures leaders believe
can be disposed of while the
war tax hill is in conference. Should
obstructive opposition develop against
fit A lnua Imnnrfonf l\Ula n ** ^"
?? */ ivuo mil l U1IIO OUIUC IIHIY uu
postponed until Congress reassembles.
Passage by the Senate this week of
the war tax bill is expected by leaders
of both parties. The Senate has
entered upon decisive and vigorous
disputes over tlie income, war profits,
publishers' and consumption tax provisions.
Immediately aftei passage of the
revenue measure, Senate leaders plan
to devote a short time to a peace debate,
on resolutions of Senator LeFollette
and others.
Administration and some republican
leaders expect to overwhelmingly
table pacifist proposals.
NOW PERFECTING PLANS FOR
GREATEST TROOP MOVEMENTS
Draft Armies of 687,000 Men to be
Mobilized in Three Increments,
the first September 5th.
Washington.?Plans for the most important
troop movement ever attempted
in this country involving the transportation
of 687,000 men are being
porfected by the American Railway Association
at the request of the federal
government, according to an announcement
made her by Fairfax Harrison,
* 1 it 1~? 1 ?
i uau uiau ui luts ruiuuuun wnr uuuru.
"The movement of troops from the
various states to the army cantonments
will start September 5," said
Mr. Harrison .and between that date
and September 9 the railroads will
complete the entralnment of 200,000
men, approximately ifiirty per cent of
the total number to be moved.
"It is expected that a second move
ment of 200,000 men will begin September
18. continuing for four days
and a third movement of the same
size on October 3.
"Some conception of the task which
confronts the association may be
gleaned from the fact that 6.229 cars
made up in 366 trains, with as many
locomotives and train crews, are required
to one field army of 80,000.
"The railroads have also been asked
to supply transportation for 350,000
soldiers of the national guard to
their training camps. This has already
been started and will continue
in Increasing volume until all have
been moved."
FORMER CZAR NOW
EXILE IN 8IBERIA
Pctrograd.?It was officially announced
that the residence of Nicholas
Romanoff, the deposed Ruselan emperor
Is at Tobolsk, a western Siberia
town which recently achieved a dubious
publicity la revolutionary Russia
as the birth place of Gregory Rasputin,
the mystic monk, who wielded
a remarkable Influence over the ex-emperor's
family up to the time of the
priest's assassination.
"3
ES '
$1.25 Per Year.
iGANIP JACKSON TO
BE HOME FOR 45.000
-
TROOPS COME FROM NORTH AND
SOUTH CAROLINA, FLORIDA
AND PUERTO RICO.
FRANCIS FRENCH COMMAND
General French is Native of Indiana.?
Brigardier Generals Are Mclver,
Muir, Barth and Haynea.
Columbia.?Over 45.000 men will be
assembled at ("amp Jackson for the
; National Army. From South Carolina.
North Carolina, Florida ami
j l'uerio Rico will come 45,218 soldier.*
as follows: South Carolina. 10.0SI;
North Carolina. 15.974; Florida. 6,825;
other places. 12,838.
Maj. Gen. Francis H. French, who
will be in command at Camp Jackson,
was promoted from brigadier general
to major general. General French is
a native of Indiana and was appointo,1
fr/.r,, #!..? II. ?
V,,. .. W..1 i iiu OIOIC IU *V*3?l
Point, being graduated from the military
academy in 1875. He was made
a second lieutenant in the Nineteenth
Infantry and served on frontier duty
In Colorado and Texas until 1890.
He saw service in Puerto Rico and
the Philippines and in 1905 and 1906
was inspector general of the Northern
division. In 1907 he was inspector
general of the Northern division. In
1907 he was inspector general of the
Southeastern division and subsequently
served as inspector general of the
Department of Dakota and* of the
Philippine division. He was made a
colonel in 1911 and tlie following year
was assigned to the war college. He
was recently made a brigadier general.
All of the. four brigadier generals to
serve at Camp Jackson were promoted
from colonel to brigadier general.
They are George W. Melver, Charles
H. Mulr. Charles H. Berth and Ira A.
Haynes.
Colonels assigned tn PnliimPin HPB'
P. K. Marquart. E. A. Shuttleworth,
G. \V. Moses. L. T. Richardson and E.
Roll. Depot commanders are: H. A.
Smith. H. C. Clements, Jr., P. L.
Miles and P. l,ej. Parker.
Colonel Parker is a native of South
Carolina and has many relatives in
Georgetown and other sections of the
state.
Labor Men Have Big Meeting.
Columbia.?The third annual convention
of the South Carolina Federation
of Labor closed after two days of
fruitful and constructive work in Columbia.
It was decided to hold the
convention next year at Florence. A.
, Clifford Thompson of Charleston was
re-elected president. M. E. Cohen of
Florence was elected first vice-president;
C. J. McJunkin of Greenville,
second vice president; M. H. Wilbanks
of Anderson, third vice president, and
John L. Davis of Columhiu. secretarytreasurer.
Many important matters were acted
upon (luring the session, notably the
following declaration as to a resolution
presented:
"This federation does not approve
of these reconiinendut ions being used
to promote political success of any
man or body. We stand for these
principles and this Indorsement does
not include political support to any
candidates or parties."
The following resolution was unanimously
adopted:
That a statewide compulsory school
attendance law be enacted.
That a free school hooks law he enacted.
these hooks to he printed in
South Carolina, if possible.
That a provision be made for six
factory inspectors, instead of two as
at present, and that a sufficient
amount be appropriated to make Inspections
12 months, instead of ten as
at present.
That the minimum tine for violation
of the child labor law be increased to
*50. ,
That the minimum fine for violation
of law regulating hours of women In
mercantile establishments be inercas!
ed to $50.
That the present law be amended so
an to limit the hours of labor of woj
men to ten hours a day.
That a state labor bureau be established.
That a law be enacted requiring that
all schools shall be opened for at least
seven months in each year.
That the question of woman suffrage
be submitted to the vote of the people.
That the race segregation law be
amended so as to affect all manufacturing
Industries.
That a law be enacted providing for
the examination and licensing of operators
in moving picture houses having
a seating capacity of over 200. ' -
That a law be cnacUyi providing for