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#." -r . K: ^ __ Tl Established in 1891. HOOVER TELLS All THE FOOD FROBLE Shows Absolute Necessity of Incr of Waste, Backing Up His Figures of the Su Washington, Aug. 20.?Food Administrator Hoover tells the American people. In n lengthy statement Issued today. Just what Is the food situation of the world, what are to be the needs of the nations allied ngnlnst the central powers, and what must he done to supply those needs and to feed the population of our own Innd. The normal Imports of wheat and other cereals by France, Italy, the United Klnirdotii iind Relirlum. and the estimates of the 1017 crop In those countries cotnpnred to the normal production are Riven by Mr. Hoover In tnhulnted form, nnd the conclusion Is drawn that in order to provide normal consumption It will he necessary for them to Import In the next 12 months 577.000.000 bushels of wheat and t574.000.000 bushels of other cereals. If the crops of the United States and Canada all mature safely, North America will have an apparent surplus of 208.000.000 bushels of wheat and 050.000.000 bushels of other cereals. The allies, therefore, must use other cereals than wheat for mixing in their war bread, and the people of America must reduce their consumption of wheat flour from Ave to four pounds per week per jierson. Decrease in Food Animals. A careful estimate of the world's food animal position shows a total net decrease of 115,005,000, and this will be greater as the war goes on. As the Increase of herds and thicks takes years, we must reoucc ine consumption, eliminate waste aud carefully control meat exports. Our home dairy products supplies are decreasing, while our population Is increasing, and we must ship Increasing amounts of such products to our allies. Consequently this Industry must he stimulated, and home users must save the wastes ln>mllk und butter. Much the same may he said In the case of sugar. Mr. Hoover urges a greater consumption of flsli and sea foods. In which our coasts and lakes are enormously rich. The products of the land, he reminds us, are conserved by the eating of those of the sea. Our Duty. lu conclusion the food administrator says: I have endeavored to show In previous articles that the world Is short of mmiu , mill Durupe i?i anuniuii'u wmi the grim specter of starvation unless from our abundance and our waste we keep the wolf from the door. Not only must we have a proper use of our food supply In order that we may furnish our allies with the sinews with which I hey may tight our battles, but It Is an act of humanity towards fellow men, women and children. By the diversion of millions of men from production to war, by the occupation of land by armies, by the Isolation of markets, by belligerent lines, and by the destruction of shipping by submannes, not only hns the home production of our allies fallen by over fiO0.000.000 bushels of grain, but they are thrown upon us for a much larger proportion of their normal Imports formerly obtained from other markets. Iliey have reduced consumption at every point, but men In the trenches, men In the shops, and the millions of women placed at physical labor reUUil'e more food than dnrlnir times, mid the Incidence of their saving and tiny shortage which they may suffer, fulls tlrst upon women and children. If this privation becomes too grout, their peoples cannot he maintained constant in the war, and we will lie left alone to tight the battle of democracy with Germany. The problem of food conservation Is one of many complexions. We cannot, and we do not wish, with our free Institutions and our Inrge resources of food, to Imitate Europe In Its policed rationing, but we must voluntarily nnd Intelligently assume the responsibility before us us one In which everyone has a direct nnd Inescapable Interest. We must Increase our export of foods to the allies, and In the circumstances of onr shipping situation, these exports must be of tbe most concentrated foods. These are wheat, flour, beef, pork and dairy products. We have other foods In great abundance which we can use Instead of these commodities, and we can prevent wastes In a thousand directions. We must guard the drainage of exports from the United States, that we retain a proper supply for our own country, and we must adopt such measures as will ameliorate, so far as may be, the price conditions of our less fortunate. We might no drain the supplies from the country !o Uurope as by the high prleea*tf.at would follow to force 4 ur people to HE F< sir: i and its sni imnii i .Ill MIIW V WWUW I IUI1 j eased Production and Elimination Statements With Facts and pply and Demand. shorten their consumption. Thts oper utlon of "normal economic forces' would starve thnt element of the community to v hom we owe the most protection. We must try to Impose the burden equally upon all. Action Must Be Voluntary. Th??r?? Is MO rnvnl rntul /* i'Aoil servatlon. We cnn only accomplish this by the voluntary action of our whole people, each element In proportion to Its means. It Is a matter of equality of burden; a matter of minute saving and substitution at every point In the 20,000.0(10 kitchens, on the 20,000,000 dinner tables and In the 2,000,000 manufacturing, wholesale and retnll establishments of the country. The task Is thus in Its essence the dally Individual service of all the people. Every group can substitute and even the great majority of thrifty people can save n little?and the more luxurious elements of the nonulatlon cnn hv reduction to simple living save much. The final result of substituting other products and saving one pound of wheat flour, two ounces of fats, seven ounces of sugar and seven ounces of meat weekly, by each person, will, when we have multiplied this by one hundred million, have Increased our exports to the amounts absolutely required by our allies. This means no more than that we should eat plenty, hut eat. wisely and without waste. Food conservation has other aspects of utmost importance. Wars must he pnld for by savings. We must save in the consumption in commodities and the consumption of unproductive labor In order that we may divert our manhood to the army and to the shops, j The whole of Europe has been engaged ever since the w|r began In the elimination of waste, the simplification | of life, nnd the Increase of its industrial capacity. When the war is over the consuming power of the world will be reduced by the loss of prosperity and man power, and we shall enter a period of competition without parallel In ferocity. After the war, we must maintain our foreign markets If our working people are to be employed. The Impact of the food shortage of Europe has knocked at every door of the United States during the past three years. The prices of foodstuffs huve nearly doubled, and the reverberations of Europe's Inoreuslng shortage would have thundered twice as loudly during the coming year even had we not entered the war, and It can now only , be mitigated If we can exert a strong control and this In many directions. We are today In an era of high prices. We must maintain prices at I such a level as will stimulate produc- j tlon, for we are faced by a starving , world and the value of a commodity to the hungry Is grenter than Its price. As a result of the world shortnge of 1 supplies, our consumers hnve suffered from speculation and extortion. While | wages for some kinds of labor huve Increased with the rise In food prlees, | In others. It lias been difficult to main tnm our high standard of nutrition. By the elimination of waste In all 1 classes, by the reduction In the con- } sumption of foodstuffs by the more fortunate, we shall Increase our supplies not only for export hut for home, and by Increased supplies we can help in the amelioration of prices. For Better Distribution. Beyond this the duty has been laid upon the food administration to co-operate with the patriotic men In trades and commerce, that we may eliminate the evils which have grown into our system of distribution, that the burden may fall equitably upon all by restoration, so far as may be, of the normal course of trade. It is the purpose of the food administration to use Its utmost power and the utmost nblllty that patriotism can assemble to ameliorate this situation to such a degree as may be possible. The food administration Is nssem Kline ?-"? ?? ? u.Mift Kriii v-A^ri-l I nuvice in me 1 country on home economics, on food utilization, on trade practices and trade wastes, nnd on the conduct of public eating places, and we shall outline from time to time detailed suggestions, which If honestly carried out by such Individuals In the country, we believe will effect the result which we must attain. We are asking every home, every public eating place and many trades, to slam a nledee eerrt I to accept these directions, so far as I their circumstances pernHt. and we are organizing various Instrumentalities to ameliorate speculation. We are asking the men of the country who are not actually engaged In the handling of food. to sign similar pledges that the? shall see to It, so far as they are able, that these directions are followed FOET MILL, S. C.( THTJE MEANS MONEY SAVING SPECIAL STEPS TAKEN TO PROVIDE AMPLE FACILITIES FOR STORING OF POTATOES. Government Officials Have Worked Out a Plan Which It Will Be for the Best Interests of Grower* to Follow. Washington.?Active efforts are to : l>e made by the federal authorities to ; secure concerted action In the effort j to conserve the country's supply of potatoes. In this connection the following statement has been Issued: Unusual facilities for financing storage are offered American potnto growers as a result of war conditions. The federal reserve system is at their disposal. and farmers who store their 1917 i potato crop In approved local warehouses. may obtain, upon their storage receipts, 90-da.v loans from member hanks of the reserve system at a rate not to exceed 0 per cent. Mr. Lou D. Sweet, potato expert with the food administration. was instrumental in bringing this matter to the reserve board's uttention. New England growers have started a movement to take advantage of this ruling to help them solve their marketing problem. The prospect which the growers of this group of states face is flint of handling 45,000.000 bushels of potatoes?one-tentli of the entire United States crop?without causing an overstocked market and the resulting loss of all profit on the crop. The growers communicated with local authorities In their respective states, who In turn laid the situation before the food administration. A conference between the growers, locnl authorities and experts from the food administration xvns held recently at lloston, Mass. A plan of action was mapped out at this meeting which includes the following: 1. Marketing of only one-third of the crop at harvest time; another third in 00 days, or placing in storage and later distributed as demand affords opportunity ; the remaining third to ho stored hy the grower and marketed throughout the year. 2. All potatoes to he graded with care, taking out culls, cuts, cracks and any that are bruised. It wits recommended that a wire screen grader he used?one and seven-eighths-inch mesh for oblong tubers and two-inch mesh for round ones. Graded stock then to be placed in good two-bushel sacks?? one hundred and fifteen pounds to tha ouvo (I I 111 III!" nil! US SCWVII UgllllV MO as to prevent shucking and bruising. 3. Increasing the load in each railroad car from the normal 30,000 pounds. That these cars can be unloaded within '24 to 3G hours of their arrival at destination. 4. That municipalities and other bodies provide storage for as large quantities as possible at the peak of the harvest. "A storage house." said Lou D. Sweet, who attended this meeting, "such as will conform to the requirements laid down by the Federal Reserve hoard, does not call for a specially constructed house. There are Innumerable buildings, which, if properly cleaned, ventilation provided, and managed so as to maintain a temperature of about 35 degrees, will answer admirably for this purpose. "This yenr the United States planted Its potato crop from the poorest quality of seed that ever went Into the ground, and naturally the harvest will be potatoes of poor quality. Strict grading, careful packing, commonsense storage, and careful shipping are necessary to insure just returns to the growers who have responded to the president's call for Increased production of potatoes." SHE HAD WAYWARD DAUGHTER Neighbor Was Surprised When Sh? Found Cause of Severe Rebuke Administered by Mother. A *!ad.v living In a large apnrrment house relates the followihg: "1 had occasion one day to visit the apartment of a neighbor. Such grnv? and earnest tones of remonstrance reached my ears, as I approached my friend's room, that I hesitated about Intruding. I found her winsome young daughter with her. and the mother had evidently been rebuking her. for tho girl's f?ce was flushed, and there were tears In her eyes. "Come In." said my friend. "I hav? finished what I wus saying to Jenny, and I hope she will remember my wishes." "Ah. these children ? these children !" thought I to myself. "I have Just been telling her," continued my friend, "that she must not wear her evening gloves when she goes shopping in the morning. In the tlrst place, It Is not genteel; and In the second place, it is extravagant." Her evening gloves! And yet. I assure you, her tone and expression, and the Impression made on the child, would have befitted a serious wrongdoing?one that had Issues In tlms and eternity. V . fTDTV Lflil f\ | Mill SDAY, AUGUST 23, 1917 BIG OFFENSIVES ! DRIVINGJEUTONSj FRENCH AND ITALIAN ARMIES HAVE STARTED MONSTER DRIVES. BRITISH HOLDING GROUND French Make Great Gains at Avocourt on Eleven-Mile Front. Ital ! lans Bombardment is of Appalling intensity. W? *?I. * 1? n.iti.1. . ? ? ? 1 i< <iu iLie xji ilizsii iruups uusuy en- , gaged In the successful parrying of j German counter thrusts against the | newly-won ground In Flanders, the French and the tlalians have started . French and the Italians have started against the Germans near Verdun and | the Italians against the Austrians from the region of Plava to near the head waters of the Adriatic sea. Sharp, decisive blows have gained for the French positions held by the Germans on a front of more than eleven miles extending from the Avo- I court wood eastward across the river i Meuse and into the Hois do Chaume, I while the Italians, after a bombard- j ment of an intensity never before ex- j perienced in that theater, have level- ] ed Austrian defenses, crossed the ruin? and also the Isonzo river and now are j at deadly grips with the enemy along a front of about thirty-seven miles. Nearly 12.000 prisoners already have j bean counted by the French and Ital- I !ans, and doubtless this number will he materially augmented when full j details of the lighting are at hand, in addition the Germans and Austrians I lost heavily in men killed or wounded ; and in guns and machine guns captured. Weltered In Blood. The new territory taken by the French embraces positions that have literally weltered In French and Qer- j man blood In battles that have been waged to and fro since the German > crown prince started his most costly | enterprise, the attempt to take Verlun. which resulted in utter failure ns a military maneuver and cost the lives of tens of thousands of his men. j UNITED STATES JUDGE HOLDS DRAFT LAW VALID Common Law Cannot Prevail Against Act of Congress. Mount Airy, Ga.?Federal District j Judge Speer held the selective draft I law constitutional in a decision made ' public here. The decision was ren- i | dered on application for writs of 1 j habeas corpus for Albert Jones and : John Story, hold in the Richmond ( county. Georgia Jail, charged with vio| luting the law and were represented ! by Thomas E. Watson. Watson eontended that the law is in contraven| tion of the involuntary servitude | amendment. Judge Speer left for Fairfield, N. i C., where it is expected he will d?ciHn i whether or not The Jeffersonian. a magazine published by Watson, shall i be allowed in the mails. It has been ' denied admission by the postmaster at Thomson, Ga., the place of publica- j tion because it contained what had been charged seditious utterances. Judge Speer in donying the writs, declared that to agree to the contention that the selective draft law contravenes the\ thirteenth amendment would be to conclude that the soldier is a slave. "Nothing could be more abhorrent to the truth." said Judge Speer, "nothing mode degrading to that indispensable and gallant body of citizens trained in arms to whose manhood, skill and courage is. and must be, committed the task of maintaining the very existence of the nation and all that its people hold dear." PRICE OF HOGS GOES TO $19.75 PER 100 POUNDS Chicago.?Hog prices, which have risen every day since July 21, reached a new high record when they soared to $19.75 per 100 pounds. On August 1. 1914, hogs sold for $8.90. The top price during August 1915, was $7.85. TWO EXEMPTION BOARD MEMBERS ARE SENTENCED. New York.?With two former members of draft exemption board number ninety-nine in this city sentenced to two years each in the federal penitentiary at Atlanta, Ca., after they had pleaded guilty to charges of conspiracy to obetruct th selectivo draft law, federal attorneys announced that speedy iustlce would be sought in the case of Kalman Oruber, a dentist, indicted as an alleged "go botw.en." . v*- Tim BIG WAR PROGRAM A lllf " a "" 15 WtLL AUVANUtu LEADERS EXPECT VACATION BY SEPT. 15 OR OCTOBER FIRST AT LEAST. SOME NEW FINANCE BILLS After Passage of Revenue Measure Congress Leaders Will Devote a Short Time to a Peace Debate on Resolution of LaFollette and Others. Washington.?The legislative program of Congress has assumed such definite form that leaders expressed hope for a vacation about September 15 or not later than October 1. Included iu the progrem for disposal within the next three or four weeks are: The $2.006,000,000 war tax bill. a ubw war ouaget authorizing about $7,500,000,000 in bonds, probably at four per cent tor further loans to the allies and to retire the $3,000,000,000 of 3 1-2 per cent honds already authorized and providing for $2,000,000,000 worth of certificates of indebtdness and a like amount of small denominations war savings certificates. Great New Appropriations. A deficiency appropriation measure aggregating between $0,000,000,000 and $7,000,000,000 now being prepared by the House appropriations committee. The administration trading with the enemy bill, which passed the House July 11. The administration insurance of soldiers and sailors bill. The Webb export trade bill, peace resolutions iu the Senate, extension of the espionage act and several minor measures. Most of these. measures leaders believe can be disposed of while the war tax hill is in conference. Should obstructive opposition develop against fit A lnua Imnnrfonf l\Ula n ** ^" ?? */ ivuo mil l U1IIO OUIUC IIHIY uu postponed until Congress reassembles. Passage by the Senate this week of the war tax bill is expected by leaders of both parties. The Senate has entered upon decisive and vigorous disputes over tlie income, war profits, publishers' and consumption tax provisions. Immediately aftei passage of the revenue measure, Senate leaders plan to devote a short time to a peace debate, on resolutions of Senator LeFollette and others. Administration and some republican leaders expect to overwhelmingly table pacifist proposals. NOW PERFECTING PLANS FOR GREATEST TROOP MOVEMENTS Draft Armies of 687,000 Men to be Mobilized in Three Increments, the first September 5th. Washington.?Plans for the most important troop movement ever attempted in this country involving the transportation of 687,000 men are being porfected by the American Railway Association at the request of the federal government, according to an announcement made her by Fairfax Harrison, * 1 it 1~? 1 ? i uau uiau ui luts ruiuuuun wnr uuuru. "The movement of troops from the various states to the army cantonments will start September 5," said Mr. Harrison .and between that date and September 9 the railroads will complete the entralnment of 200,000 men, approximately ifiirty per cent of the total number to be moved. "It is expected that a second move ment of 200,000 men will begin September 18. continuing for four days and a third movement of the same size on October 3. "Some conception of the task which confronts the association may be gleaned from the fact that 6.229 cars made up in 366 trains, with as many locomotives and train crews, are required to one field army of 80,000. "The railroads have also been asked to supply transportation for 350,000 soldiers of the national guard to their training camps. This has already been started and will continue in Increasing volume until all have been moved." FORMER CZAR NOW EXILE IN 8IBERIA Pctrograd.?It was officially announced that the residence of Nicholas Romanoff, the deposed Ruselan emperor Is at Tobolsk, a western Siberia town which recently achieved a dubious publicity la revolutionary Russia as the birth place of Gregory Rasputin, the mystic monk, who wielded a remarkable Influence over the ex-emperor's family up to the time of the priest's assassination. "3 ES ' $1.25 Per Year. iGANIP JACKSON TO BE HOME FOR 45.000 - TROOPS COME FROM NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA, FLORIDA AND PUERTO RICO. FRANCIS FRENCH COMMAND General French is Native of Indiana.? Brigardier Generals Are Mclver, Muir, Barth and Haynea. Columbia.?Over 45.000 men will be assembled at ("amp Jackson for the ; National Army. From South Carolina. North Carolina, Florida ami j l'uerio Rico will come 45,218 soldier.* as follows: South Carolina. 10.0SI; North Carolina. 15.974; Florida. 6,825; other places. 12,838. Maj. Gen. Francis H. French, who will be in command at Camp Jackson, was promoted from brigadier general to major general. General French is a native of Indiana and was appointo,1 fr/.r,, #!..? II. ? V,,. .. W..1 i iiu OIOIC IU *V*3?l Point, being graduated from the military academy in 1875. He was made a second lieutenant in the Nineteenth Infantry and served on frontier duty In Colorado and Texas until 1890. He saw service in Puerto Rico and the Philippines and in 1905 and 1906 was inspector general of the Northern division. In 1907 he was inspector general of the Northern division. In 1907 he was inspector general of the Southeastern division and subsequently served as inspector general of the Department of Dakota and* of the Philippine division. He was made a colonel in 1911 and tlie following year was assigned to the war college. He was recently made a brigadier general. All of the. four brigadier generals to serve at Camp Jackson were promoted from colonel to brigadier general. They are George W. Melver, Charles H. Mulr. Charles H. Berth and Ira A. Haynes. Colonels assigned tn PnliimPin HPB' P. K. Marquart. E. A. Shuttleworth, G. \V. Moses. L. T. Richardson and E. Roll. Depot commanders are: H. A. Smith. H. C. Clements, Jr., P. L. Miles and P. l,ej. Parker. Colonel Parker is a native of South Carolina and has many relatives in Georgetown and other sections of the state. Labor Men Have Big Meeting. Columbia.?The third annual convention of the South Carolina Federation of Labor closed after two days of fruitful and constructive work in Columbia. It was decided to hold the convention next year at Florence. A. , Clifford Thompson of Charleston was re-elected president. M. E. Cohen of Florence was elected first vice-president; C. J. McJunkin of Greenville, second vice president; M. H. Wilbanks of Anderson, third vice president, and John L. Davis of Columhiu. secretarytreasurer. Many important matters were acted upon (luring the session, notably the following declaration as to a resolution presented: "This federation does not approve of these reconiinendut ions being used to promote political success of any man or body. We stand for these principles and this Indorsement does not include political support to any candidates or parties." The following resolution was unanimously adopted: That a statewide compulsory school attendance law be enacted. That a free school hooks law he enacted. these hooks to he printed in South Carolina, if possible. That a provision be made for six factory inspectors, instead of two as at present, and that a sufficient amount be appropriated to make Inspections 12 months, instead of ten as at present. That the minimum tine for violation of the child labor law be increased to *50. , That the minimum fine for violation of law regulating hours of women In mercantile establishments be inercas! ed to $50. That the present law be amended so an to limit the hours of labor of woj men to ten hours a day. That a state labor bureau be established. That a law be enacted requiring that all schools shall be opened for at least seven months in each year. That the question of woman suffrage be submitted to the vote of the people. That the race segregation law be amended so as to affect all manufacturing Industries. That a law be enacted providing for the examination and licensing of operators in moving picture houses having a seating capacity of over 200. ' - That a law be cnacUyi providing for